Yini i-Icatibant: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Icatibant iyimithi ekhethekile eyenzelwe ukwelapha i-hereditary angioedema (HAE), isimo esingavamile sezakhi zofuzo esibangela ukuqubuka okungazelelwe, okuqina kakhulu. Le mithi kadokotela isebenza ngokuvimba izamukeli ezithile emzimbeni wakho eziqala lezi ziqephu zokuvuvukala eziyingozi, inikeze impumuzo uma uyidinga kakhulu.

Uma wena noma othile omthandayo etholiwe ukuthi une-HAE, ukuqonda i-icatibant kungakusiza uzizwe ulungiseleleke futhi uqiniseka ngokulawula lesi simo. Le mithi imelela ukuqanjwa okukhulu ekwelapheni ukuhlaselwa kwe-HAE, inikeza ithemba nempumuzo esebenzayo kulabo abaphila ngalesi sifo esiyinselele.

Yini i-Icatibant?

I-Icatibant iyimithi eyenziwe ngendlela yokufakelwa elingisa iphrotheni yemvelo emzimbeni wakho ebizwa ngokuthi i-bradykinin receptor antagonist. Yenzelwe ngokuqondile ukumisa uchungechunge lwezenzakalo eziholela ekuhlaselweni kwe-HAE ngokuvimba izamukeli ze-bradykinin B2.

Cabanga nge-bradykinin njengokhiye ovula ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho. I-Icatibant isebenza njengokushintsha izingidi ukuze lowo khiye ungasebenzi. Le mithi iza njengesirinji esigcwaliswe ngaphambilini oyijova ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho, okwenza ifinyeleleke ukusetshenziswa eziphuthumayo ekhaya noma ezindaweni zezokwelapha.

Le mithi ingeyigaba lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-bradykinin receptor antagonists, futhi ingenye yezindlela zokwelapha eziqondiswe kakhulu ezitholakalayo zokuhlaselwa kwe-HAE. Ngokungafani nemithi ejwayelekile elwa nokuvuvukala, i-icatibant yakhelwe ngokuqondile ukubhekana nembangela eyinhloko yokuvuvukala kwe-HAE.

I-Icatibant isetshenziselwa ini?

I-Icatibant isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kwe-hereditary angioedema kubantu abadala nasebancane. I-HAE yisifo esingavamile sezakhi zofuzo esithinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-50,000 emhlabeni wonke, okubangela iziqephu ezingalindelekile zokuvuvukala okukhulu.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kwe-HAE, ungezwa ukuvuvukala okuyingozi ebusweni bakho, emqaleni, ezandleni, ezinyaweni, noma esiswini. Lezi zigameko zingaba yingozi ekuphileni, ikakhulukazi uma zithinta umoya wakho noma zibangele ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obulingisa ezinye izimo eziphuthumayo.

Umuthi uvunyelwe ngokuqondile ukuhlasela kwe-HAE futhi awusetshenziselwa ezinye izinhlobo zokungezwani komzimba noma ukuvuvukala. Udokotela wakho uzokunika i-icatibant kuphela uma unokuxilongwa okuqinisekisiwe kwe-HAE ngokuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo noma umlando womndeni, kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi okuthile okukhombisa ukuntuleka noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-C1 esterase inhibitor.

Isebenza Kanjani Icatibant?

I-Icatibant isebenza ngokuvimba ama-receptors e-bradykinin B2 emzimbeni wakho wonke, okuyizona ezibangela ukuhlasela kwe-HAE. Uma la ma-receptors esebenza, aqala uchungechunge lokuvuvukala oluholela ekuvuvukaleni okuyisici se-HAE.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengokwelashwa okuqinile, okuhloswe ngakho ngoba uphazamisa ngokuqondile indlela ethile ebangela izimpawu ze-HAE. Ngokungafani nama-antihistamines noma ama-corticosteroids, asebenza kabanzi ohlelweni lomzimba lokuzivikela, i-icatibant igxila ngqo emshinini oqondile obangela ukuvuvukala kwakho.

Umuthi ngokuvamile uqala ukusebenza phakathi kwemizuzu engama-30 kuya emahoreni amabili ngemuva kokujova, iningi labantu lizwa ngcono kakhulu izimpawu zabo ngalesi sikhathi. Imiphumela ingahlala amahora amaningi, inike umzimba wakho isikhathi sokuxazulula ukuhlasela ngokwemvelo.

Ngingayithatha Kanjani Icatibant?

I-Icatibant inikezwa njengomjovo ongaphansi kwesikhumba, okusho ukuthi ijojwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba kunokuba iyijove emsipheni noma emthanjeni. Umthamo ojwayelekile ungu-30 mg, olethwa nge-syringe egcwaliswe ngaphambili eyenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kanye.

Uzojova i-icatibant emzimbeni onamafutha wesisu sakho, ithanga, noma ingalo engenhla. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokufundisa wena noma ilungu lomndeni wakho ukuthi ungalijova kanjani kahle, ukuze ukwazi ukulisebenzisa ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo. Indawo yokujova kufanele ibe mhlophe, futhi kufanele ushintshe izindawo uma udinga imithamo eminingi.

Ngokungafani nemithi eminingi, i-icatibant akudingeki ukuthi ithathwe nokudla noma amanzi ngoba ijovwa. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ugcine imithi efrijini lakho bese uyiyeka ifinyelele izinga lokushisa legumbi ngaphambi kokuyijova. Ungalishukumisi ngaso sonke isikhathi isirinji, ngoba lokhu kungalimaza imithi.

Uma umthamo wakho wokuqala unganikezi ukukhululeka okwanele ngemva kwamahora angu-6, udokotela wakho angase ancome umjovo wesibili. Abanye abantu bangase badinge umthamo wesithathu, kodwa lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Icatibant?

I-Icatibant isetshenziswa ngokwesidingo ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yi-HAE, kunokuba ibe njengemithi yansuku zonke yokuvimbela. Ukuhlaselwa ngakunye kuphathwa ngokwehlukana, futhi uzosebenzisa i-icatibant kuphela uma unezimpawu ze-HAE ezisebenzayo.

Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi umjovo owodwa unikeza ukukhululeka ekuhlaselweni konke, okuvame ukuthatha izinsuku eziyi-1-5 ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Nge-icatibant, ukuhlaselwa okuningi kulungiswa ngokushesha okukhulu, ngokuvamile kungakapheli amahora angu-4-8 ngemva komjovo.

Udokotela wakho ngeke akubhalele i-icatibant ukuze isetshenziswe nsuku zonke isikhathi eside. Kunalokho, bazoqinisekisa ukuthi unokufinyelela emithini ezimweni eziphuthumayo futhi bangase futhi baxoxe ngezindlela zokwelapha zokuvimbela uma uhlaselwa kaningi.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Icatibant?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-icatibant ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle uma kubhekwa ubunzima bokuhlaselwa yi-HAE. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ivame ukuba mnene futhi yesikhashana.

Nawa imiphumela emibi ebikwa kaningi ongase uyithole:

• Ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova, okuhlanganisa ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ubuhlungu obuncane
• Isiyezi noma ukuzwa sengathi uyakhathala
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukukhathwa yikhanda
• Umkhuhlane noma ukuzwa ukushisa
• Ukukhathala noma ukudinwa

Le miphumela emibi ejwayelekile ivame ukuzixazulula yona phakathi kwamahora ambalwa futhi ngokuvamile kulawuleka kakhulu kune-HAE attack uqobo.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kodwa ingenzeka. Kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu okuhlanganisa ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuqubuka okubanzi
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Isiyezi esikhulu noma ukuquleka
• Izimpawu zokushaywa unhlangothi njengobuthakathaka obuzumayo, ukudideka, noma ubunzima bokukhuluma
• Ukusabela okukhulu endaweni yokujova ngobubomvu obusabalalayo noma ukufudumala

Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi izinzuzo ze-icatibant zinkulu kakhulu kunezingozi ezingaba khona, ikakhulukazi uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi izingozi zokuhlaselwa yi-HAE ezingelashwa zingaba yingozi kangakanani.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha Icatibant?

I-Icatibant ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ilungele yini. Umuthi awunconyelwe izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ubudala, njengoba ukuphepha nokusebenza kungakahlolwa kulaba bantu.

Akufanele usebenzise i-icatibant uma unokungezwani komzimba emuthini noma kunoma yiziphi izithako zawo. Xhumana nodokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukusabela kwangaphambilini emithini efanayo noma uma unomlando wokungezwani komzimba okukhulu emithini.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo bangase badinge ukuqashwa okukhethekile lapho besebenzisa i-icatibant. Udokotela wakho uzoba nokuqapha okukhethekile uma unomlando wesifo senhliziyo, ukushaywa unhlangothi, noma izifo zokujiya kwegazi.

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa kufuna ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile. Ngenkathi i-icatibant ingakahlolwa kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, udokotela wakho uzolinganisela izinzuzo ezingaba khona nezingozi uma ukhulelwe futhi uhlangabezana nokuhlaselwa okukhulu kwe-HAE.

Igama Lomkhiqizo we-Icatibant

Icatibant ithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Firazyr emazweni amaningi, okuhlanganisa i-United States ne-Europe. Leli yigama eliyinhloko lomkhiqizo ozohlangana nalo lapho udokotela wakho ekunikeza lo muthi.

I-Firazyr ikhiqizwa yi-Takeda Pharmaceuticals futhi iza njengesirinji esigcwaliswe ngaphambili equkethe i-30 mg ye-icatibant. Ukupakishwa okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumhlophe okuhlukile kwenza kube lula ukukubona ezimweni eziphuthumayo.

Njengamanje, azikho izinhlobo ezivamile ze-icatibant ezitholakalayo, ngakho i-Firazyr iseyona yona kuphela inketho yalo muthi othile. Umshwalense wakho kanye nezinzuzo zekhemisi kuzonquma izindleko zakho eziphuma ephaketheni zalokhu kwelashwa okukhethekile.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Icatibant

Eminye imithi eminingi ingelapha ukuhlaselwa kwe-HAE, nakuba ngamunye esebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi angase afaneleke kakhulu ezimweni ezihlukene. Udokotela wakho uzosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi iyiphi inketho engcono kakhulu ezidingweni zakho ezithile.

I-Ecallantide (igama lomkhiqizo elithi Kalbitor) ngomunye umuthi wokujova osebenza ngokuvimba i-kallikrein, i-enzyme ebandakanyeka ekuhlaselweni kwe-HAE. Ngokungafani ne-icatibant, i-ecallantide kumele inikezwe ngumhlinzeki wezempilo ngenxa yengozi enkulu yokungezwani komzimba okukhulu.

I-C1 esterase inhibitor concentrates, etholakala njenge-Berinert, Cinryze, noma i-Ruconest, isebenza ngokufaka esikhundleni sephrotheni elinganele noma elingasebenzi kahle ku-HAE. Le mithi inikezwa ngemithambo futhi ingasetshenziswa kokubili ekwelapheni ukuhlaselwa nasekuvikeleni.

I-plasma eqandisiwe entsha yayisetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuba le mithi emisha itholakale, kodwa manje ithathwa njengenketho engcono ngenxa yengozi yokutheleleka okutholakala ngegazi nokusebenza okungaguquguquki.

Ingabe i-Icatibant ingcono kune-Ecallantide?

Kokubili i-icatibant ne-ecallantide ziyizindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zokuhlaselwa kwe-HAE, kodwa ngamunye unezinzuzo ezihlukile ngokuya ngesimo sakho. Ukukhetha phakathi kwabo kuvame ukwehla kalula, ukucatshangelwa kokuphepha, nokuphendula kwakho komuntu ngamunye.

Inzuzo enkulu ye-Icatibant ukuthi ungaziphatha wena ekhaya, okubalulekile ezimweni eziphuthumayo lapho ukufika esibhedlela ngokushesha kungase kube nzima. Futhi inengozi ephansi yokusabela okukhulu komzimba uma iqhathaniswa ne-ecallantide.

I-Ecallantide ingase isebenze ngokushesha kancane kwabanye abantu futhi ingasebenza ngempumelelo ezinhlotsheni ezithile zokuhlaselwa kwe-HAE. Kodwa-ke, kufanele inikezwe ngumhlinzeki wezempilo ngenxa yengozi ye-anaphylaxis, okukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezimweni eziphuthumayo zasekhaya.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengendlela yakho yokuphila, imvamisa yokuhlaselwa, ukufinyelela ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, nezintandokazi zomuntu siqu lapho encoma phakathi kwalezi zinketho. Abantu abaningi bathola i-icatibant isebenza ngempumelelo ekusetshenzisweni okuphuthumayo, kanti abanye bangase bakhethe i-ecallantide ekuhlaselweni okwenzeka ezindaweni zezokwelapha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Icatibant

Ingabe i-Icatibant iphephile ezigulini zenhliziyo?

Abantu abanezifo zenhliziyo bangase basebenzise i-icatibant, kodwa badinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okucophelelayo nokuqapha. Umuthi ungase uthinte umfutho wegazi nesigqi senhliziyo kwabanye abantu, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho wenhliziyo kanye nochwepheshe be-HAE kuzodingeka basebenzisane.

Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza isimo sakho senhliziyo esithile, imithi yamanje, nesimo sempilo esiphelele ngaphambi kokunquma i-icatibant. Bangase bancomise ukuqapha okwengeziwe noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha uma isimo sakho senhliziyo sibi kakhulu noma singazinzile.

Abantu abaningi abanezifo zenhliziyo eziphansi kuya kweziphakathi baye basebenzisa ngokuphepha i-icatibant ekuhlaselweni kwe-HAE. Okubalulekile ukuxhumana okuvulekile nethimba lakho lezempilo mayelana nazo zonke izimo zakho zezokwelapha nemithi.

Ngingenzani uma ngizisebenzisa ngephutha i-Icatibant eningi?

Uma ngempela ujova i-icatibant eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma izinsiza eziphuthumayo ngokushesha. Ngenkathi ukweqisa kungavamile ngenxa yomklamo we-syringe ogcwaliswe ngaphambili, ukuthatha okuningi kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi.

Ziqaphele ngokucophelela izimpawu ezinjengokugajagaja okukhulu, isicanucanu, noma ukusabela endaweni yokujova. Ungazami ukulwa nokweqisa umthamo wedwa, njengoba lokhu kungase kube nzima ekwelashweni kwakho.

Gcina ukupakishwa komuthi bese uza nakho esibhedlela ukuze abahlinzeki bezempilo bakwazi ukubona ngqo ukuthi uthathe ini nokuthi uthathe okungakanani. Isikhathi sibalulekile, ngakho-ke ungalibali ukufuna ukwelashwa uma ukhathazekile ngokweqisa umthamo.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Icatibant?

Njengoba i-icatibant isetshenziswa kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yi-HAE kunokuba ngohlelo, awukwazi ngempela ukuphuthelwa umthamo ngomqondo wendabuko. Uma uhlaselwa futhi ungakayisebenzisi i-icatibant, usengayithatha ngokushesha nje lapho uqaphela izimpawu.

Umuthi ungasebenza ngisho noma ungaqali ukuwusebenzisa ngokushesha lapho izimpawu ziqala. Abantu abaningi bathola ukukhululeka ngisho nalapho bejova i-icatibant emahoreni amaningi ngaphakathi ekuhlaselweni.

Nokho, ungasebenzisi i-icatibant uma ukuhlaselwa kwakho sekuqede ngokuphelele ngokwako. Umuthi wenzelwe izimpawu ezisebenzayo, hhayi njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela ngemuva kokuthi ukuhlaselwa kuphelile.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Icatibant?

Uzoqhubeka nokuthola i-icatibant uma nje une-HAE, njengoba lesi simo singokwemvelo futhi okwamanje asikho ikhambi. Nokho, ukusetshenziswa kwakho komuthi kuzoncika ekuvamekeni nasekubi kakhulu kokuhlaselwa kwakho.

Abanye abantu abane-HAE bahlangabezana nokuhlaselwa okungavamile kakhulu futhi bangase bachithe iminyaka ngaphandle kokudinga i-icatibant. Abanye banokuhlaselwa okuvame kakhulu futhi basebenzisa umuthi njalo ngezikhathi ezinempawu.

Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngezikhathi ezithile uhlelo lwakho lokuphatha i-HAE futhi angase alungise indlela yakho yokwelapha ngokusekelwe kumaphethini akho okuhlaselwa, izinguquko zokuphila, kanye nokutholakala kokwelashwa okusha. Umgomo uhlala ukunciphisa kokubili ukuvama nokubucayi kokuhlaselwa ngenkathi kugcinwa izinga lakho lempilo.

Ngingahamba ne-Icatibant?

Yebo, ungahamba ne-icatibant, kodwa kudinga ukuhlela okuthile ngoba umuthi udinga ukuqandiswa futhi uzobe uphethe izinto zokujova. Izindiza eziningi zivuma imithi edingeka ngokwezokwelapha emithwalweni yezandla ngemibhalo efanele.

Letha incwadi evela kudokotela wakho echaza isimo sakho nesidingo somuthi. Pakisha i-icatibant esikhwameni esivaliwe esinamaphakethe eqhwa, futhi cabangela ukuletha izinto ezengeziwe uma kwenzeka ukubambezeleka kohambo.

Cwaninga ngezikhungo zezokwelapha lapho uya khona uma udinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo noma imithi eyengeziwe. Ochwepheshe abaningi be-HAE bangahlinzeka ngesiqondiso sokuhamba ngokuphepha nesimo sakho nemithi yakho.