Yini i-Immune Globulin? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Nokwelashwa

I-Immune globulin ngumuthi owenziwe ngama-antibody aqoqwe ezinkulungwaneni zabantu abanempilo abanikela ngegazi. Udokotela wakho angase akutuse uma amasosha akho omzimba edinga usizo olwengeziwe ekulweni nezifo noma uma umzimba wakho uzihlasela ngephutha.

Lokhu kwelashwa kuza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi umzimba wakho udinga ukukuthola kanjani. Ungase ukuthole njengesibhamu emsipheni wakho, nge-IV engena egazini lakho, noma njengomjovo ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho.

Yini i-Immune Globulin?

I-Immune globulin empeleni iqoqo eligxilile lamaprotheni alwa nezifo abizwa ngokuthi ama-antibody. Cabanga ngakho njengokuboleka ukuzivikela kwabanye abantu ukusiza ukuvikela umzimba wakho uma ungenzi ama-antibody ngokwanele ngokwawo.

Umuthi udlula ekucutshungulweni ngokucophelela ukuze kususwe izinto eziyingozi ngenkathi kugcinwa ama-antibody awusizo. Lawa ma-antibody angakwazi ukuqaphela nokulwa namagciwane angase akugulise, anikeze amasosha akho omzimba ukwesekwa okudingayo.

Odokotela basebenzisa i-immune globulin ukwelapha abantu abanezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezibuthakathaka, izimo ezithile ze-autoimmune, noma izifo ezithile. Kufana nokunikeza umzimba wakho ukukhushulwa okwesikhashana kwamasosha okuvikela ukusiza ukunqoba empini yokulwa nokugula.

Kuzizwa Kanjani Ukwelashwa Nge-Immune Globulin?

Indlela i-immune globulin ezizwa ngayo incike endleleni oyithola ngayo. Abantu abaningi bayakubekezelela kahle ukwelashwa, nakuba ungase uqaphele imiphumela emincane ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuyithola.

Uma uyithola nge-IV, uzohlala ngokunethezeka ngenkathi umuthi uconsa kancane egazini lakho amahora amaningana. Ungase uzwe ukupholisa okuncane noma ukucindezela endaweni ye-IV, futhi abanye abantu baqaphela ikhanda elincane noma bazizwe bekhathele ngemva kwalokho.

Imijovo emsipheni wakho ingadala ubuhlungu endaweni yokujova, okufana nokuthola umgomo. Indawo ingase izizwe ithambile noma ivuvukele kancane usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Imithombo engaphansi kwesikhumba yakho ngokuvamile idala ukungakhululeki okuncane futhi ingavame ukwenziwa ekhaya uma usufunde ukuthi kanjani.

Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nezimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane njengomkhuhlane omncane, ama-chills, noma izinhlungu zomzimba emahoreni okuqala angama-24. Lezi zimo zivame ukuba yindlela yomzimba wakho yokuzivumelanisa nama-antibody amasha futhi ngokuvamile zinyamalala ngokushesha.

Yini Ebanga Isidingo Se-Immune Globulin?

Umzimba wakho ungase udinge i-immune globulin uma ungenakukwazi ukukhiqiza ama-antibody anele ngokwemvelo noma uma amasosha akho omzimba engasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu eziningana ezahlukene, kusukela ezimweni zofuzo kuya ezifweni ezitholakele.

Nazi izimo eziyinhloko ezingaholela ekudingeni ukwelashwa nge-immune globulin:

• Izifo zokuntuleka komzimba zokuqala lapho umzimba wakho uzalwa unamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka
• Ukuntuleka komzimba kwesibili okuvela ekwelashweni komdlavuza, imithi, noma izifo ezithile
• Izimo ze-Autoimmune lapho amasosha akho omzimba ehlasela izicubu ezinempilo
• I-Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) ethinta imizwa yakho
• I-Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) lapho umzimba wakho ubulala ama-platelet egazi
• Isifo saseKawasaki ezinganeni esithinta imithambo yegazi
• Izifo ezinzima ezingakwazi ukusingathwa amasosha akho omzimba yedwa

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela basebenzisa i-immune globulin ukuvimbela izifo kubantu abaye bachayeka ezifweni ezithile njenge-hepatitis A noma i-measles. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukwelashwa kusebenza njengesihlangu sesikhashana ngenkathi umzimba wakho wakha ukuzivikela kwawo.

Yiziphi Izimo I-Immune Globulin Eyindlela Yokwelapha Yazo?

I-immune globulin iphatha izimo eziningi ezithinta amasosha akho omzimba. Udokotela wakho uzoqaphela ukuthi ilungele yini wena ngokusekelwe ekuxilongweni kwakho okuthile nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Izimo ezivame kakhulu ezizuzayo ku-immune globulin zihlanganisa:

• Ukuntuleka kokuzivikela komzimba okujwayelekile (CVID) okubangela izifo ezivame ukwenzeka
• I-X-linked agammaglobulinemia ethinta ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibody
• Ukuntuleka okukhulu kokuzivikela komzimba okuhlanganisiwe (SCID) ezinganeni
• I-Multifocal motor neuropathy ethinta ukulawulwa kwemisipha
• I-Guillain-Barré syndrome ebanga ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• I-Myasthenia gravis ethinta amandla emisipha
• Isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo kwezinye izimo

Ngokuvamile, odokotela bangasebenzisa i-immune globulin ngezifo ezithile zegazi, izimo zesikhumba, noma ukusiza ekuvimbeleni ukwenqatshwa ngemva kokufakelwa izitho. Isimo ngasinye sidinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela ukuze kutholakale ukuthi izinzuzo zidlula yini noma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona.

Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizobheka ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani esimweni sakho esithile futhi lilungise umthamo noma imvamisa njengoba kudingeka.

Ingabe Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Immune Globulin Ingahamba Yodwa?

Imiphumela eminingi eceleni evela ku-immune globulin imnene futhi yesikhashana, iyanyamalala yodwa ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Umzimba wakho uvame ukuzivumelanisa nokwelashwa ngemva kwemithamo embalwa yokuqala, okwenza ukwelashwa okuzayo kube lula.

Izindlela ezivamile ezinomthelela omncane njengekhanda, ukukhathala, noma ubuhlungu bemisipha ngokuvamile zixazulula kungakapheli amahora angama-24 ngaphandle kokudinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu endaweni yokujova, lokhu kuvame ukuthuthuka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa njengoba umzimba wakho umunca umuthi.

Izindlela ezinkulu zivamile kodwa zingahlanganisa ikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha futhi ngeke zihambe zodwa. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizohlala likuqapha ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho kokuqala.

Abanye abantu bakhula ukubekezelelana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okusho ukuthi baba nemiphumela emincane emibi ngokuphindaphinda ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, njalo bika noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma eziqhubekayo kudokotela wakho, ngisho noma ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini kuhambe kahle.

Ungayiphatha kanjani imiphumela emibi ekhaya?

Ungathatha izinyathelo eziningana ezilula ekhaya ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki ekuphathweni kwe-immune globulin. Imiphumela eminingi emibi iphendula kahle ezinyathelweni zokunethezeka eziyisisekelo kanye nemithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela.

Nazi izindlela ezithambile zokunciphisa imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile:

• Thatha i-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen yezinhlungu zekhanda nobuhlungu bemisipha
• Sebenzisa i-compress ebandayo ezindaweni zokujova ezibuhlungu imizuzu engu-15-20
• Hlala unamanzi ngokwanele ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi
• Phumula futhi ugweme imisebenzi eqinile ngosuku lokuqala
• Sebenzisa i-compress efudumele ezindaweni zokujova imisipha ngemva kwamahora okuqala angu-24
• Thatha ama-antihistamine uma uba nokuluma okuncane noma ukusabela kwesikhumba

Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuthatha imithi yokudambisa ubuhlungu ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwakho ukuvimbela izinhlungu zekhanda. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukudla ukudla okulula ngaphambi kwesikhathi kusiza ekuvikeleni isicanucanu, kanti abanye bakhetha ukuba nokwelashwa esiswini esingenalutho.

Njalo landela imiyalelo eqondile yeqembu lakho lezempilo yokuphatha imiphumela emibi. Bayazi umlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi bangakunikeza isiqondiso esingcono kakhulu sesimo sakho.

Yini ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kokusabela kwe-Immune Globulin?

Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kokusabela kwe-immune globulin kuncike ohlotsheni nasekubeni sibi kwezimpawu zakho. Ithimba lakho lezempilo linemithetho ethile yokubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokwelashwa.

Ukusabela okuncane, udokotela wakho angase anciphise izinga lokufakwa noma amise ukwelashwa okwesikhashana. Bangase futhi bakunikeze imithi efana nama-antihistamine noma ama-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi bakwenze ukhululeke.

Ukusabela okukhulu kudinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizoyeka ukufakwa ngokushesha futhi linikeze imithi ephuthumayo ukuze izinzise isimo sakho. Lokhu kungabandakanya i-epinephrine yokusabela okukhulu komzimba noma imithi yokusekela umfutho wegazi nokuphefumula kwakho.

Abanye abantu badinga ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokwelashwa okuzayo ukuvimbela ukusabela. Lokhu kungabandakanya ama-antihistamines, ama-corticosteroids, noma ama-pain relievers anikezwa imizuzu engama-30-60 ngaphambi kokufakwa kwe-immune globulin yakho.

Udokotela wakho uzoshintsha uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngokusekelwe endleleni ozosabela ngayo. Lokhu kungasho ukushintsha uhlobo lwe-immune globulin, ukushintshela kwenye indlela yokulethwa, noma ukuguqula umthamo kanye nezinga lokufakwa.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngezinkinga ze-Immune Globulin?

Kufanele uthinte udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezinzima ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokwelashwa nge-immune globulin. Ezinye izindlela zokuphendula zingaba zimbi futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Funa ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ngokushesha uma uthola:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuphefumula okuncane
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingathuthuki ngama-pain relievers
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu ngaphezu kuka-101°F (38.3°C)
• Ukuqubuka okusabalale noma ama-hives
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo
• Isicanucanu esibi nokuhlanza
• Izimpawu zezinkinga zezinso njengokuncipha komchamo noma ukuvuvukala

Futhi shayela udokotela wakho uma izimpawu ezithambile ziqhubeka ngaphezu kwamahora angama-48 noma zibonakala ziba zimbi kunokuba zibe ngcono. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ikhanda elibuhlungu eliqhubekayo, ubuhlungu bemisipha obuqhubekayo, noma ukusabela kwendawo yokujova okusabalala noma okuba buhlungu kakhulu.

Unganqikazi ukufinyelela ngemibuzo noma izinkathazo, ngisho noma zibonakala zincane. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kuphephile futhi kunethezekile ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ziyini Izici Zengozi Zokusabela Kwe-Immune Globulin?

Izinto eziningi zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yokuba nokusabela emthonjeni wokwelashwa we-immune globulin. Ukuqonda lezi zinto eziyingozi kusiza ithimba lakho lezempilo ukuthi linikeze ukunakekelwa okuphephile ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ungase ube sengozini enkulu uma unezimo ezithile zezokwelapha noma izici:

• Umlando wokungezwani komzimba nezinto eziphuma egazini noma imithi yokugoma
• Isifo sezinso noma ukusebenza kwezinso okuncishisiwe
• Isifo senhliziyo noma izinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi
• Isifo sikashukela noma ezinye izimo ezithinta ushukela wegazi
• Izimo ze-autoimmune ezithinta ukujiya kwegazi
• Ubudala obungaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 noma izimo zempilo ezingaphansi
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni noma ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte

Imithi ethile nayo ingakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-blood thinners, eminye imithi yokwelapha umfutho wegazi, kanye nemithi ethinta amasosha akho omzimba.

Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nemithi yamanje ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa. Bangase balungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa noma bathathe izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokunciphisa ingozi yakho yokusabela.

Ziyini Izinkinga Ezingenzeka Ze-Immune Globulin?

Ngenkathi abantu abaningi bekhuthazela i-immune globulin kahle, izinkinga ezinzima zingenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile. Lokhu akuvamile kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuze ukwazi ukuqaphela izimpawu zokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi.

Izinkinga ezikhathazayo kakhulu zifaka:

• Ukusabela okukhulu komzimba (i-anaphylaxis) okudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo
• Amahlule egazi emilenzeni, emaphashini, noma ebuchosheni
• Umonakalo wezinso noma ukwehluleka kwezinso okukhulu
• I-hemolytic anemia lapho amaseli abomvu egazi ebhubhiswa
• I-meningitis ye-Aseptic ebangela ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu nokuqina kwentamo
• Izinkinga zamaphaphu okuhlanganisa ukwakheka koketshezi noma ukuvuvukala
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo esikhona

Ngokuvamile, i-immune globulin ingadlulisela izifo naphezu kokuhlolwa nokucutshungulwa ngokucophelela. Izinyathelo zokuphepha zanamuhla zenza lokhu kungenzeki kakhulu, kodwa kuseyingozi engokwemvelo.

Iqembu lakho lezempilo likuqapha eduze ukuze libone izimpawu zezinkinga, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho kokuqala. Basebenzisa izinqubo ezithile ukunciphisa izingozi futhi basabele ngokushesha uma kuvela izinkinga.

Khumbula ukuthi kubantu abaningi, izinzuzo zokwelashwa nge-immune globulin zidlula kakhulu izingozi. Udokotela wakho uzokuncoma kuphela uma ekholelwa ukuthi kuyadingeka empilweni yakho.

Ingabe i-Immune Globulin Ilungile Noma Imbi Ezimweni Ze-Autoimmune?

I-Immune globulin ingaba usizo olukhulu ezimweni ezithile ze-autoimmune, kodwa akulungile kuwo wonke umuntu. Isinqumo sincike ekuxilongweni kwakho okuthile nokuthi isimo sakho sithinta kanjani umzimba wakho.

Ezimweni ezithile ze-autoimmune, i-immune globulin isebenza ngokusiza ukuthulisa amasosha akho omzimba asebenza ngokweqile. Inganciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi ivimbele amasosha akho omzimba ekuhlaseleni izicubu ezinempilo.

Izimo ezivame ukuzuza ku-immune globulin zihlanganisa i-idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), lapho umzimba wakho ucekelisa phansi ama-platelet egazi, nezinhlobo ezithile zokuvuvukala kwemizwa. Ukwelashwa kungasiza ukubuyisela umsebenzi ojwayelekile futhi kunciphise izimpawu.

Nokho, i-immune globulin ayifaneleki kuzo zonke izimo ze-autoimmune. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezifana nokuxilongwa kwakho okuthile, izimpawu zamanje, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ozizame, kanye nesimo sakho sempilo esiphelele.

Ukwelashwa kudinga ukuqapha okucophelelayo ngoba ukwengeza ama-antibody engeziwe ohlelweni lwezempilo oludidekile kakade kudinga isiqondiso sochwepheshe. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizolandela ukuthi usabela kanjani futhi lilungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokufanele.

Yini Okungase Kuthathwe Njengokuthi Kuyizimpawu Ze-Immune Globulin?

Izimpawu ze-immune globulin ngezinye izikhathi zingabukeka njengezinye izimo zezokwelapha, yingakho kubalulekile ukutshela ithimba lakho lezempilo ngazo zonke izimpawu zakho. Ukuhlonza okufanele kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okulungile.

Izimo ezivamile ukuthi izimpawu ze-immune globulin zingase zifane nazo zihlanganisa:

• Umkhuhlane noma izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezibangela umkhuhlane, amaqhafuza, nobuhlungu bomzimba
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu le-migraine elinobuhlungu bekhanda obukhulu nokucasuka
• Ukuphendula komzimba okungavamile ekudleni, imithi, noma izinto ezibangela ukugula emvelweni
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezibangela ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuphefumula kanzima
• Amathambo ezinso noma izifo zomgudu womchamo
• I-Meningitis ebanga ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu nokuqina kwentamo
• Amagazi aqinile abangela ubuhlungu emlenzeni noma ubunzima bokuphefumula

Isikhathi sezimpawu zakho sinikeza imikhondo ebalulekile. Ukuphendula ku-immune globulin kuvamile ukwenzeka kungakapheli amahora ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokwelashwa, kanti ezinye izimo zingase zivele ngokuzimela ngaphandle kohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Njalo khuluma ngokwelashwa kwakho kwamuva nge-immune globulin uma ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha. Lolu lwazi lusiza odokotela ukuthi benze ukuxilongwa okunembile futhi banikeze ukwelashwa okufanele.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Ne-Immune Globulin

Ingabe i-immune globulin ihlala isikhathi esingakanani emzimbeni wakho?

I-immune globulin ngokuvamile ihlala isebenza emzimbeni wakho cishe amasonto angu-3-4, nakuba lokhu kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ama-antibody ancipha kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yingakho abantu abaningi bedinga ukwelashwa njalo ukuze bagcine ukuvikeleka.

Udokotela wakho uzohlela ukwelashwa kwakho ngokusekelwe ekutheni umzimba wakho uwasebenzisa ngokushesha kangakanani ama-antibody nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini. Abanye abantu badinga ukwelashwa njalo ngenyanga, kanti abanye bangase bahambe isikhathi eside phakathi kwemithamo.

Ngingashayela ngemva kokuthola i-immune globulin?

Kufanele ugweme ukushayela ngokushesha ngemva kokwelashwa nge-immune globulin, ikakhulukazi uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi efana nesiyezi, ukukhathala, noma ikhanda elibuhlungu. Abantu abaningi bazizwa belungile ukushayela ngosuku olulandelayo, kodwa lalela umzimba wakho.

Uma uthola ukwelashwa nge-IV, hlela ukuthi othile akuqhubele ekhaya ngemva kwalokho. Ukwelashwa kungathatha amahora ambalwa, futhi ungase uzizwe ukhathele noma ungazizwa kahle ekuqaleni.

Ingabe i-immune globulin izophazamisa imithi yokugoma?

I-immune globulin ingaphazamisa imithi yokugomela ethile ephilayo, okwenza ingasebenzi kahle. Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ngesikhathi sokugonywa okuzungeze ukwelashwa kwakho kwe-immune globulin.

Ngokuvamile, kufanele ugweme imithi yokugomela ephilayo izinyanga eziningana ngemva kokwelashwa nge-immune globulin. Kodwa-ke, imithi yokugomela engasebenzi njengomjovo womkhuhlane ivame ukuphepha ukuyithola futhi ngeke iphazamise ukwelashwa kwakho.

Ingabe i-immune globulin iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

I-immune globulin ngokuvamile ithathwa njengephephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa. Eqinisweni, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bayayisebenzisa ukuvikela umama nengane ezifweni ezithile noma ukwelapha izimo ezihlobene nokukhulelwa.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela izinzuzo nezingozi ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile. Ama-antibody ku-immune globulin angadlulela enganeni yakho, enikeze ukuvikelwa okuthile kwesikhashana ngemva kokuzalwa.

Ingakanani indleko yokwelashwa nge-immune globulin?

Ukwelashwa nge-immune globulin kungaba kubiza, ngokuvamile kubiza izinkulungwane zamaRandi ngomthamo ngamunye. Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo eziningi zomshuwalense ziyayikhava uma kudingeka ngokwezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezivunyelwe.

Xhumana nenkampani yakho yomshuwalense nethimba lokunakekelwa kwezempilo mayelana nezinketho zokukhava. Ezinye izinkampani zemithi zinikeza izinhlelo zokusiza iziguli ukusiza ngezindleko, futhi ihhovisi likadokotela wakho lingakusiza ukuthi uzulazule ezinsizeni zezezimali.