Yini i-Indocyanine Green? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Nokwelashwa Kwasekhaya

I-Indocyanine green idayi ekhethekile esetshenziswa odokotela ukubona ukuhamba kwegazi nokusebenza kwezitho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Leli dayi elikhanyayo likhanya ngaphansi kokukhanya kwe-infrared, lisiza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukubona imithambo yegazi, ama-lymph nodes, nezicubu ngesikhathi sangempela. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlinzweni, ekuhlolweni kwamehlo, nasezivivinyweni zokuxilonga ukuqondisa ukwelashwa nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho.

Yini i-Indocyanine Green?

I-Indocyanine green (ICG) idayi elincibilika emanzini elijovwa odokotela emzimbeni wakho ukuze ligqamise izindawo ezithile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Leli dayi libopha amaprotheni egazini lakho futhi likhanye ngokuluhlaza okukhanyayo ngaphansi kwamakhamera akhethekile e-infrared. Lokhu kuvumela ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukubona ukujikeleza kwegazi, ukuhlonza impilo yezicubu, nokuthola izakhiwo ezibalulekile njengama-lymph nodes ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Leli dayi laqala ukuthuthukiswa ngeminyaka yama-1950 futhi lisetshenziswe ngokuphepha ezigidini zezinqubo zezokwelapha emhlabeni jikelele. Umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo uqeda i-ICG ngesibindi sakho kungakapheli amahora angama-24, okwenza kube yithuluzi lokuxilonga lesikhashana kodwa elibalulekile.

Kuzizwa kanjani i-Indocyanine Green?

Abantu abaningi abazizwa lutho lapho i-indocyanine green ijovwa egazini labo nge-IV. Ungase uqaphele ukuchofoza okuncane lapho kufakwa inaliti, okufana nanoma yimuphi omunye umjovo. Idayi ngokwalo alibangeli ubuhlungu, ukusha, noma ukungakhululeki njengoba lihamba emzimbeni wakho.

Abanye abantu babika ukuzwa okufudumele okuncane noma ukunambitheka kwensimbi okufushane emlonyeni wabo ngokushesha ngemuva komjovo. Le mizwa ivamise ukuhlala imizuzwana embalwa kuphela futhi injalo ngokuphelele. Isikhumba sakho singase sibonakale siluhlaza okwesikhashana ngaphansi kokukhanya okuvamile, kodwa lokhu kuyanyamalala ngokushesha njengoba umzimba wakho uqhubekisa idayi.

Uma idayi lijovwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho (indlela ye-intradermal), ungase uzwe iqhubu elincane noma ukucindezela okuncane endaweni yokujova. Lokhu kufana nokuthola ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba se-tuberculosis futhi kulungiswa ngemizuzu embalwa.

Yini ebangela isidingo se-Indocyanine Green?

Odokotela basebenzisa i-indocyanine green uma kudingeka babone ukugeleza kwegazi noma bakhombe izicubu ezithile ngesikhathi senqubo yezokwelapha. Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo angase akuncomele i-ICG uma uhlinzwa lapho ukubonwa okunembile kubalulekile ekuphepheni kwakho nasekuthuthukiseni ukwelashwa kwakho.

Nazi izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho angasebenzisa i-indocyanine green ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa kwakho:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo ukuhlola imithambo yegazi ku-retina yakho
• Ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza ukukhomba nokususa ama-lymph nodes
• Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wesibindi ukuhlola ukuthi isibindi sakho sisebenza kahle kangakanani izinto
• Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo ukuhlola ukugeleza kwegazi emsipheni wenhliziyo
• Ukuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi okwanele kuma-tissue grafts
• Ukuhlolwa kokuphulukiswa kwamanxeba ukuthola ukuthi izicubu ziyaphila yini
• I-Angiography ukubona imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho wonke

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lisebenzisa i-ICG njengethuluzi lokukunikeza ukuxilongwa okunembile kakhulu nokwelashwa okuphephe kakhulu. Umbala ubasiza ukuthi benze izinqumo ezingcono ngesikhathi senqubo yakho.

I-Indocyanine Green iyisibonakaliso noma isibonakaliso sani?

I-Indocyanine green ngokwayo akuyona isibonakaliso sanoma yisiphi isimo sezokwelapha. Kunalokho, iyithuluzi lokuxilonga elisiza odokotela ukuthi bakhombe futhi belaphe izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zempilo. Umbala wembula ulwazi mayelana nomsebenzi womzimba wakho obungabonakali ngenye indlela ngesikhathi senqubo.

Lapho odokotela besebenzisa i-ICG, bafuna izimpawu zezimo ezithile noma baqaphe ukusabela komzimba wakho ekwelashweni. Umbala ungasiza ukukhomba izindawo zokugeleza kwegazi okubi, ukuthola amaseli omdlavuza, noma ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezitho. Lokho umbala okwembulayo ngesikhathi senqubo yakho kusiza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukuthi liqonde isimo sakho sempilo esithile.

Ingabe ukusabela kwe-Indocyanine Green kungase kuqede ngokwako?

Umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo uqeda i-indocyanine green ngesibindi sakho phakathi kwamahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-24 ngemuva komjovo. Abantu abaningi ababi nemiphumela emibi, futhi umbala umane uqede emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kokungenelela okudingekayo kuwe.

Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emincane efana nokushintsha kombala kwesikhumba okwesikhashana noma ukunambitheka kwensimbi okufushane, lokhu kuyazixazulula ngokwako njengoba umzimba wakho uqeda umbala. Umbala oluhlaza ongase uwubone esikhumbeni sakho noma emchameni wakho ujwayelekile ngokuphelele futhi uyancipha njengoba umbala usuka emzimbeni wakho.

Ukusabela okukhulu komzimba wonke ku-ICG akuvamile kakhulu, kwenzeka kubantu abangaphansi koyedwa kwabangu-10,000. Uma unezimpawu ezikhathazayo ngemuva kokuthola i-ICG, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuqapha ngokucophelela futhi linikeze ukwelashwa okufanele uma kudingeka.

Ingabe imiphumela emibi ye-Indocyanine Green ingelashwa kanjani ekhaya?

Abantu abaningi abadingi ukwelashwa ekhaya ngemuva kokuthola i-indocyanine green ngoba imiphumela emibi ayivamile futhi imnene. Uma ubona ukushintsha kombala kwesikhumba sakho noma umchamo wakho oluhlaza okwesikhashana, vele uphuze amanzi amaningi ukuze usize umzimba wakho uqede umbala ngokushesha.

Unga qhubeka nemisebenzi yakho ejwayelekile ngemuva nje kokuthola i-ICG. Akukho imikhawulo yokudla noma izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhethekile okudingeka uzithathe ekhaya. Umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo uzocubungula futhi uqede umbala ngaphandle kosizo oluvela kuwe.

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingajwayelekile ngemuva kwenqubo yakho, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kunokuzama ukuzelapha. Bangakwazi ukuthola ukuthi ngabe izimpawu zakho zihlobene ne-ICG noma enye ingxenye yokunakekelwa kwakho kwezokwelapha.

Yini ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kokusabela kwe-Indocyanine Green?

Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kokusabela kwe-ICG akuvamile ukudingeka ngoba imiphumela emibi emibi ayivamile kakhulu. Lapho ukusabela kwenzeka, ngokuvamile kulula futhi kuyaxazulula ngokushesha ngaphandle kokungenelela.

Uma uba nokusabela komzimba, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlinzeka ngokushesha ngosizo olusekelayo. Lokhu kungabandakanya ama-antihistamine okusabela okulula noma ukwelashwa okubanzi kakhulu kokusabela okukhulu. Abahlinzeki bakho bezempilo baqeqeshwe ukubona nokwelapha noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele.

Esimeni esingavamile sokusabela okukhulu, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha linemithetho eqokiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho. Bazogada izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile, banikeze umoya-mpilo uma kudingeka, futhi banikeze imithi yokulwa nanoma yimaphi imiphumela emibi.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngezinkinga ze-Indocyanine Green?

Kufanele uthinte umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ngemuva kokuthola i-indocyanine green. Ngenkathi ukusabela okukhulu kungavamile, kubalulekile ukubika noma yiziphi izinkathazo ukuze ithimba lakho lezokwelapha likwazi ukuhlola isimo sakho ngendlela efanele.

Nazi izimpawu ezithile eziqinisekisa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphathwa kwe-ICG:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuphefumula ngokushesha
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Isicanucanu esikhulu noma ukuhlanza
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, imihuzuko, noma ukuluma okukhulu
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho, izindebe, noma umphimbo
• Isiyezi noma ukuquleka
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu endaweni yokujova

Khumbula ukuthi ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ngokuvamile lizokugada isikhathi esithile ngemuva kokuphathwa kwe-ICG. Unganqikazi ukuphakamisa uma uqaphela noma yini engavamile ngesikhathi sokubheka.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zokusabela kwe-Indocyanine Green?

Abantu abaningi bangathola ngokuphepha i-indocyanine green ngengozi encane yokusabela okubi. Kodwa-ke, izici ezithile zingase zikhuphule amathuba akho okuba nemiphumela emibi noma izinkinga.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ukuze abone noma yiziphi izici eziyingozi ezingase zibe khona ngaphambi kokuthi anikeze i-ICG. Nazi izimo ezingase zikhuphule ingozi yakho:

• Ukuphendula ngaphambilini komzimba ezintweni ezinombala noma imithi
• Isifo sesibindi esibi noma ukwehluleka kwesibindi
• Umlando wesifuba somoya noma izinto ezingavamile zomzimba
• Isifo sezinso noma ukusebenza kwezinso okunciphile
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukuncelisa
• Ukungezwani ne-iodine noma izinhlanzi ezigobayo (nakuba kungabalulekile kakhulu ku-ICG)

Ukuba nalezi zinto eziyingozi akukuqedi ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthola i-ICG. Udokotela wakho uzoqaphela izinzuzo uma ziqhathaniswa nezingozi ezingaba khona futhi angase athathe izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho ngesikhathi senqubo.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-Indocyanine Green?

Izinkinga ezivela ku-indocyanine green azivamile kakhulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yini engenzeka. Abantu abaningi ababi nazinkinga nhlobo, futhi izenzakalo ezingathandeki ezingathi sína zenzeka ezingaphansi kuka-1% wamacala.

Imiphumela emincane ejwayelekile ongase uyithole ihlanganisa:

• Ukushintsha kombala kwesikhumba noma umchamo okwesikhashana
• Ukunambitheka kwensimbi okufushane emlonyeni wakho
• Isicanucanu esincane esihlala imizuzu embalwa
• Ukuphatheka kabi okuncane endaweni yokujova

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphendula komzimba okukhulu (anaphylaxis)
• Ukwehla okukhulu kwengcindezi yegazi
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• I-Cardiac arrhythmias

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lilungele ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele futhi lizokuqapha eduze ngesikhathi nangemva kokuphathwa kwe-ICG.

Ingabe i-Indocyanine Green ilungile noma imbi ezimweni ezithile?

I-Indocyanine green ngokuvamile iyasiza ezimweni eziningi zezokwelapha lapho kudingeka khona ukubonakala okuthuthukisiwe. Umbala usiza odokotela ukuthi banikeze ukunakekelwa okungcono ngokubavumela ukuthi babone izakhiwo nokugeleza kwegazi okungenjalo okungabonakali.

Kubantu abanezifo zesibindi, i-ICG inganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokusebenza kwesibindi. Kodwa-ke, labo abahlushwa ukwehluleka kwesibindi okukhulu bangase bakucubungule ngokushesha umbala, okudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela isimo sakho esithile lapho enquma ukuthi i-ICG ilungele yini wena.

Ekwelashweni komdlavuza, i-ICG iyasiza ikakhulukazi ngoba ingakwazi ukuhlonza ama-lymph nodes nemithambo yegazi, isize odokotela abahlinzayo ukuthi basuse izimila ngokuphelele ngenkathi begcina izicubu ezinempilo. Lokhu kunemba kuvame ukuholela emiphumeleni engcono kanye nezinkinga ezimbalwa.

Yini okungase kuthathwe ngayo amandla e-Indocyanine Green?

Ukusabela okuncane ku-indocyanine green ngezinye izikhathi kungase kuthathwe njengezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi uma ungaqapheli ukuthi i-ICG yayisetshenziswa ngesikhathi senqubo yakho. Ukushintsha kombala okuluhlaza okwesikhashana kungase kukukhathaze uma ungalindeli.

Umchamo oluhlaza ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwe-ICG kujwayelekile futhi akufanele kudidaniswe nokutheleleka kwendlela yokuchama noma ezinye izinkinga zezinso. Ngokufanayo, ukunambitheka kwensimbi okufushane kungase kuthathwe njengemiphumela emibi yemithi noma izinkinga zamazinyo.

Ukusabela okukhulu kakhulu kungase kudidaniswe nezinye izimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha. Yingakho kubalulekile ukwazisa noma yimuphi umhlinzeki wezempilo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-ICG kwakamuva uma ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngemuva kwenqubo yakho.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa nge-Indocyanine Green

Q.1 Ingabe i-indocyanine green ihlala isikhathi esingakanani ohlelweni lwakho?

I-Indocyanine green ngokuvamile iyasuswa ohlelweni lwakho phakathi kwamahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-24 ngemuva komjovo. Isibindi sakho sicubungula futhi siqede umbala ngokwemvelo, futhi abantu abaningi baqaphela noma yikuphi ukushintsha kombala okuluhlaza okunciphayo ngosuku lokuqala. Isikhathi sokususwa kombala singahluka kancane ngokuya ngokusebenza kwesibindi sakho kanye nempilo yonke.

Q.2 Ngingakwazi yini ukushayela ngemuva kokuthola i-indocyanine green?

Abantu abaningi bangashayela ngokujwayelekile ngemuva kokuthola i-indocyanine green, njengoba umbala ngokwawo ungabangeli ukozela noma ulimaze ikhono lakho lokushayela imoto. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yezokwelapha oyenzayo ingase ihlanganise ukuthuliswa noma eminye imithi engase ithinte ikhono lakho lokushayela. Landela imiyalelo ethile kadokotela wakho mayelana nokushayela ngemuva kwenqubo yakho.

Q.3 Ingabe i-indocyanine green izophazamisa eminye imithi?

I-Indocyanine green inokuxhumana okumbalwa kakhulu nemithi futhi ngokuvamile iphephile ukuyisebenzisa ngemithi eminingi. Kodwa-ke, ngaso sonke isikhathi yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngayo yonke imithi, izithasiselo, kanye nemithi yezitshalo oyithathayo ngaphambi kokuthola i-ICG. Lokhu kubasiza ukuthi baqinisekise ukuphepha kwakho futhi bathuthukise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Q.4 Ingabe i-indocyanine green iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Ukuvikeleka kwe-indocyanine green ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akukacwaningwa kabanzi, ngakho odokotela bavame ukuyigwema ngaphandle uma kudingeka ngempela. Uma ukhulelwe noma ungase ukhulelwe, xoxa ngezingozi nezinzuzo nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Bavame ukuthola ezinye izindlela zokuxilonga ezingadingi i-ICG.

Q.5 Ingabe izingane zingathola i-indocyanine green ngokuphepha?

I-Indocyanine green ingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha ezinganeni uma kudingeka ngokwezokwelapha, nakuba odokotela bebala umthamo ngokusekelwe esisindweni somntwana kanye neminyaka. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ICG ezinganeni kulandela imithetho efanayo yokuphepha njengokusetshenziswa kwabantu abadala, ngokugadwa ngokucophelela nganoma yiziphi izindlela ezingezinhle. Isinqumo sokusebenzisa i-ICG ezinganeni ngaso sonke isikhathi sihlanganisa ukulinganisa izinzuzo zokuxilonga nezingozi ezingaba khona.