Yini i-Insulin Degludec: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Insulin degludec iyi-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside esiza abantu abanesifo sikashukela ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini labo usuku lonke nobusuku. Le insulin eyenziwe ngemvelo isebenza kuze kube amahora angama-42 ngemuva kokujova, okuyenza ibe enye yezinketho ze-insulin ezihlala isikhathi eside ezitholakalayo. Yenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokulawulwa okuzinzile, okuqhubekayo kukashukela wegazi ngamaphuzu ambalwa aphezulu naphansi kunama-insulin asebenza ngokushesha.

Yini i-Insulin Degludec?

I-Insulin degludec iyinguqulo eyenziwe ngumuntu ye-insulin umzimba wakho owenza ngokwemvelo. Ingaphansi kohlobo lwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-insulin asebenza isikhathi eside kakhulu, okusho ukuthi ikhishwa kancane kancane futhi ngokuqhubekayo emgudwini wakho wegazi amahora amaningi. Ngokungafani ne-insulin ejwayelekile eyenziwa yi-pancreas yakho usuku lonke, lo muthi unikeza izinga eliqhubekayo le-insulin umzimba wakho ongancika kulo.

Umuthi uza njengesixazululo esicacile, esingenambala osijova ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho usebenzisa idivayisi yepeni. Uma usujoviwe, yakha amaqhubu amancane ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho akhulula i-insulin kancane kancane emgudwini wakho wegazi. Lo mklamo oyingqayizivele usiza ukuthambisa ukuguquguquka kukashukela wegazi futhi unciphisa ingozi yezigameko eziyingozi zikashukela ophansi, ikakhulukazi ebusuku.

Isetshenziselwani i-Insulin Degludec?

I-Insulin degludec iphatha kokubili uhlobo 1 nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezineminyaka engaphezu konyaka owodwa. Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, isebenza njenge-insulin eyisisekelo esithatha indawo yalokho i-pancreas yabo engasakwazi ukukwenza. Labo abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 bayisebenzisa lapho umzimba wabo ungakhiqizi i-insulin eyanele noma lapho eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela ingalawuli ushukela wegazi labo ngempumelelo.

Udktela wakho angase akunikeze lo muthi uma uhlangabezana nezigameko ezivame ukuba nephansi ushukela wegazi ngamanye ama-insulin asebenza isikhathi eside. Lusizo ikakhulukazi kubantu abanemisebenzi engabikezelwa noma abahluleka ukuhlela ukudla kwabo ngendlela efanele. Ukuguquguquka komuthi kuvumela ukwehluka okuthile esikhathini sokujova ngenkathi kusagcinwa ukulawulwa okuhle kukashukela wegazi.

Abanye abantu basebenzisa i-insulin degludec njengengxenye yokwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe kanye nama-insulin asebenza ngokushesha okudliwayo noma eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela. Le ndlela isiza ukumboza kokubili izidingo zomzimba wakho ze-insulin kanye ne-insulin eyengeziwe edingekayo uma udla.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Insulin Degludec?

I-Insulin degludec isebenza ngokulingisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin okujwayelekile komzimba wakho. Uma uyijova, umuthi wakha amaketanga azinzile ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho aqhekeka kancane kancane futhi akhiphe i-insulin ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Le nqubo idala izinga le-insulin elibushelelezi, elibikezelwayo egazini lakho elihlala isikhathi eside kunezinhlobo ze-insulin.

Lo muthi ubhekwa njengenketho ye-insulin eqinile nethembekile. Usiza amaseli akho ukuba amunce i-glucose egazini lakho futhi utshele isibindi sakho ukuthi sinciphise ukukhiqizwa kwe-glucose. Ngokungafani nama-insulin asebenza ngokushesha asebenza ngokushesha futhi ashabalale ngokushesha, i-degludec inikeza ukumbozwa kwe-insulin okungaguquki okungaqedi ngokushesha.

Okwenza le insulin ikhetheke ukusebenza kwayo okuqhubekayo. Ngenkathi amanye ama-insulin asebenza isikhathi eside angase abe nokunyuka nokwehla ekusebenzeni kwawo, i-degludec igcina izinga le-insulin eliphansi. Lokhu kuzinza kusiza ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka kukashukela wegazi futhi kwenza ukuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela kubikezeleke kakhulu kubantu abaningi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Insulin Degludec?

Uzojova i-insulin degludec kanye ngosuku ngaphansi kwesikhumba sethanga lakho, ingalo engenhla, noma isisu. Umjovo kufanele ungene esicutshini esinamanzi ngaphansi nje kwesikhumba sakho, hhayi emsipheni. Zungezisa izindawo zakho zokujova ngaphakathi endaweni efanayo ukuvimbela izinkinga zesikhumba futhi uqinisekise ukumuncwa okuqhubekayo.

Thatha lo muthi ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke uma kungenzeka, nakuba unikeza ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe kunezinye izinhlobo ze-insulin. Ungayijova ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kokudla njengoba ingenzelwe ukumboza ukudla. Uma kwesinye isikhathi udinga ukushintsha isikhathi sakho sokujova, ungenza kanjalo uma nje kunehora okungenani elingu-8 phakathi kwemithamo.

Ngaphambi kokujova, vumela umuthi ukuthi ufike ezingeni lokushisa legumbi uma uqandisiwe. I-insulin ebandayo ingaba ngaphandle kokunethezeka futhi ingase ingamuncwa kahle. Njalo sebenzisa inaliti entsha emjovweni ngamunye bese ulahla izinaliti ezisetshenzisiwe ngokuphepha esitsheni esibukhali.

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngomthamo othile ngokuya ngezidingo zakho zamanje ze-insulin namaphethini kashukela wegazi. Ungalokothi ulungise umthamo wakho ngaphandle kwesiqondiso sezokwelapha, njengoba izinguquko ze-insulin zingathinta kakhulu amazinga kashukela wegazi lakho. Gcina umkhondo wezikhathi zakho zokujova nokufundwa kwe-glucose yegazi ukusiza ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthi lenze noma yiziphi izinguquko ezidingekayo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Insulin Degludec?

Abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela badinga ukuthatha i-insulin degludec unomphela njengengxenye yohlelo lwabo lokuphatha isifo sikashukela sesikhathi eside. Njengoba isifo sikashukela siyisimo esingamahlalakhona, isidingo somzimba wakho sokusekelwa yi-insulin ngokuvamile siyaqhubeka phakathi nokuphila kwakho. Kodwa-ke, ubude bakho obuthile bokwelashwa busekelwe ohlotsheni lwakho lwesifo sikashukela nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini.

Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, i-insulin degludec ngokuvamile iba yingxenye ehlala njalo yohlelo lwabo lokwelashwa. Amanyikwe abo akhiqizi i-insulin encane noma ayikho ngokwemvelo, ngakho badinga ukufakwa kwe-insulin okuqhubekayo ukuze bahlale benempilo. Ukuyeka lo muthi ngaphandle kokuqondiswa okufanele kwezokwelapha kungaholela ezinkingeni eziyingozi.

Labo abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 bangase babe nezikhathi ezihlukene ngokuya ngokuqhubeka kwesimo sabo. Abanye abantu bangase bayidinge okwesikhashana ngenkathi benza izinguquko zokuphila, kanti abanye bayidinga isikhathi eside njengoba isifo sabo sikashukela siqhubeka. Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi lo muthi usahlala yini ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kwezidingo zakho eziguqukayo.

Ukuqokwa okulandelayo njalo kusiza ukunquma ukuthi kufanele uqhubeke, ulungise, noma ushintshe ukwelashwa kwakho kwe-insulin. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqapha ukulawulwa kwakho ushukela wegazi, impilo yonke, nanoma yimaphi imiphumela emibi ukuze enze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nobude bokwelashwa kwakho.

Yini Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Insulin Degludec?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-insulin degludec ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Umphumela oceleni ovamile futhi okhathazayo ukushukela okuphansi (i-hypoglycemia), okungenzeka uma uthatha i-insulin eningi kakhulu, weqa ukudla, noma uzivocavo ngaphezu kokujwayelekile ngaphandle kokulungisa umthamo wakho.

Nawa imiphumela emibi ebikwa kaningi ongase uyithole:

• Izimpawu zikashukela ophansi njengokuthuthumela, ukujuluka, ukudideka, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Ukuphendula kwendawo yokujova njengobubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuluma
• Ukukhuluphala, okuvamile ngamathuluzi amaningi e-insulin
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu, ikakhulukazi lapho uqala umuthi
• Izifo eziphezulu zokuphefumula njengezimpawu zomkhuhlane
• Ukuvuvukala ezandleni zakho, ezinyaweni, noma emaqakaleni

Le miphumela emibi evamile ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uxoxe nganoma yiziphi izimpawu eziqhubekayo noma eziphazamisayo nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Imiphumela engavamile kodwa ebucayi idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Ushukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu ungabangela ukuquleka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, noma ngisho nokoma uma kungelashwa. Ukusabela komzimba, nakuba kungavamile, kungabandakanya ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho noma umphimbo, noma ukuqubuka okubanzi.

Abanye abantu bathuthukisa i-lipodystrophy, ebangela izinguquko ezicutshini ezinamafutha ezindaweni zokujova. Lokhu kungavela njengezixuku, ama-dimples, noma isikhumba esiqinile lapho ujova khona. Ukushintshanisa izindawo zokujova kusiza ekuvikeleni le nkinga, futhi izindawo ezithintekile zivame ukuthuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokushintshanisa indawo efanele.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Insulin Degludec?

I-Insulin degludec ayifanele wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela. Akufanele usebenzise lo muthi uma unokungezwani komzimba ne-insulin degludec noma yiziphi izithako zayo. Abantu abanezinkinga ze-diabetic ketoacidosis, inkinga ebucayi lapho umzimba ukhiqiza khona ama-asidi ayingozi, badinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile futhi akufanele basebenzise ama-insulin asebenza isikhathi eside ngesikhathi salezi ziqephu.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi lo muthi uphephile yini kuwe uma unezimo ezithile zempilo. Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zezinso noma isibindi bangase badinge ukulungiswa komthamo noma ukwelashwa okuhlukile. Labo abanomlando weziqephu ezinzima, ezivame ukuba noshukela wegazi ophansi kungenzeka badinge ukuqapha okwengeziwe noma ezinye izinketho ze-insulin.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo bangasebenzisa i-insulin degludec, kodwa badinga ukugadwa kwezempilo eduze. Ukukhulelwa kuvame ukushintsha izidingo ze-insulin, futhi udokotela wakho angase adinge ukulungisa umthamo wakho noma ashintshe imithi. Izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa akufanele zisebenzise lo muthi, njengoba ukuphepha nokusebenza kungakahlolwa kulolu hlu lweminyaka.

Uma uthatha imithi ethile engathinta ushukela wegazi, udokotela wakho angase akhethe ezinye izinketho ze-insulin noma akuqaphele eduze. Njalo yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngayo yonke imithi, izithasiselo, nezimo zempilo ngaphambi kokuqala i-insulin degludec.

Igama Lomkhiqizo Le-Insulin Degludec

I-Insulin degludec ithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Tresiba emazweni amaningi, okuhlanganisa ne-United States. I-Tresiba iza ngamadivayisi epeni agcwaliswe ngaphambili okwenza ukujova kube lula futhi kube lula kunama-vials namasirinji endabuko. Umuthi utholakala emazingeni amabili: Tresiba U-100 kanye ne-Tresiba U-200.

Ukulungiswa kwe-U-100 kuqukethe amayunithi angu-100 e-insulin ngemililitha ngayinye, kuyilapho i-U-200 iqukethe amayunithi angu-200 ngemililitha ngayinye. Inketho yokugxila okuphezulu ivumela abantu abadinga imithamo emikhulu ye-insulin ukuthi bajove ngamavolumu amancane. Zombili izindlela zokulungiselela zisebenza ngokufanayo emzimbeni wakho, kodwa izibalo zokulinganisa zihluka kancane.

Ikhemisi lakho lingase lithwale izinguqulo ezivamile ze-insulin degludec, nakuba lezi zivamile kancane kunezinketho zegama lomkhiqizo. Njalo qinisekisa nomkhemisi wakho ukuthi uthola ukulungiswa okulungile nokugxila okubhalwe ngudokotela wakho.

Ezinye Izindlela Ze-Insulin Degludec

Ezinye izinhlobo eziningi ze-insulin ezisebenza isikhathi eside zingasebenza njengezinye izindlela ze-insulin degludec uma ingakulungele. I-Insulin glargine (Lantus, Basaglar) ingenye ye-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside evame ukubhalwa enikeza ukumbozwa kwamahora angu-24. Sekutholakala isikhathi eside kune-degludec futhi ingase ibize kancane kwabanye abantu.

I-Insulin detemir (Levemir) enye inketho esebenza isikhathi eside evame ukuhlala amahora angu-12-24. Abanye abantu badinga imijovo emibili nsuku zonke nge-detemir, ngokungafani nokulinganisa kwe-degludec kanye ngosuku. Nokho, i-detemir ingase ibangele ukuzuza isisindo esincane kunezinye izinhlobo ze-insulin ezisebenza isikhathi eside.

Nazi ezinye izindlela ezingase zicatshangelwe udokotela wakho:

• I-Insulin glargine U-300 (Toujeo) - uhlobo oluqinile, oluhlala isikhathi eside lwe-glargine ejwayelekile
• I-Insulin ye-NPH (Humulin N, Novolin N) - i-insulin endala, esebenza phakathi nendawo engabizi kakhulu kodwa idinga ukulinganiswa kaningi
• Ukwelashwa ngepompo le-insulin - kuletha i-insulin esebenza ngokushesha ngokuqhubekayo usuku lonke
• Imithi ehlanganisiwe ehlanganisa kokubili i-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside kanye ne-insulin esebenza ngokushesha

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokusiza ukhethe elinye elingcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe endleleni yakho yokuphila, amaphethini kashukela wegazi, umshwalense, nezintandokazi zakho. Inketho ngayinye inezinzuzo ezihlukile kanye nezinto okufanele zicatshangelwe ezithinta ukuthi ingasebenza kahle kangakanani esimweni sakho esithile.

Ingabe i-Insulin Degludec Ingcono Kune-Insulin Glargine?

I-Insulin degludec kanye ne-insulin glargine zombili ziyizinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside, kodwa zinezinye izinto ezibalulekile ezingafani. I-Degludec ngokuvamile inikeza ukulawulwa kashukela wegazi okuqhubekayo ngokuphindaphinda okumbalwa kashukela wegazi ophansi, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Futhi inikeza ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe ngesikhathi sokujova, okungasiza abantu abanemisebenzi engajwayelekile.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-degludec inganciphisa ingozi ye-hypoglycemia eqinile ngamaphesenti angama-40% uma iqhathaniswa ne-glargine. Lokhu kuthuthuka kuqashelwa ikakhulukazi ngamahora asebusuku lapho izigameko zikashukela wegazi ophansi eziyingozi zithambekele ekungaqashelweni. Ubude obude kakhulu be-degludec futhi busho amazinga e-insulin azinzile usuku lonke.

Kodwa-ke, i-glargine itholakale isikhathi eside futhi ingase ibize kakhulu ngenxa yezinketho ezivamile. Abanye abantu bafinyelela ekulawulweni okuhle kashukela wegazi nge-glargine futhi abadingi ukushintsha imithi. Umshwalense nawo uyahluka, futhi uhlelo lwakho lungakhetha inketho eyodwa kunenye.

Udktela wakho uzocabangela izidingo zakho ezithile, amaphethini kashukela wegazi, indlela yokuphila, kanye nomlando wezokwelapha lapho ekhetha phakathi kwale mithi. Akukho noyedwa ongcono kunomunye, njengoba ukukhetha okungcono kuncike ekutheni umzimba wakho usabela kanjani nokuthi yini esebenza kahle kakhulu emsebenzini wakho wansuku zonke.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Insulin Degludec

Ingabe i-Insulin Degludec iphephile ezigulini ezinokugula kwezinso?

I-Insulin degludec ingaphepha kubantu abanokugula kwezinso, kodwa idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela nokulungiswa kwemithamo okungenzeka. Izinso zakho zisiza ukucubungula nokukhipha i-insulin emzimbeni wakho, ngakho ukuncipha komsebenzi wezinso kungathinta ukuthi imithi ihlala isikhathi esingakanani ohlelweni lwakho. Lokhu kungase kwandise ingozi yakho yezigameko zikashukela ophansi.

Udktela wakho cishe uzoqala ngomthamo ophansi futhi aqaphe ushukela wakho wegazi kaningi uma unezinkinga zezinso. Bangase futhi bancomise ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelwa njalo ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi imithi isebenza ngokuphepha. Abantu abanokugula kwezinso okukhulu noma labo abenza i-dialysis badinga ukugadwa eduze lapho besebenzisa noma iyiphi i-insulin.

Ngingenzani uma ngizifaka i-Insulin Degludec eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uzifaka i-insulin degludec eningi, qapha ushukela wakho wegazi ngokucophelela futhi ulungele ukwelapha izimpawu zikashukela ophansi. Yidla noma uphuze okuthile okuqukethe ushukela ngokushesha, njengamaphilisi e-glucose, ijusi lezithelo, noma i-soda ejwayelekile. Ungalindi ukuthi izimpawu zivele, njengoba ukuvimbela kuphephile kunokwelapha.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo noma ushayele isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ukuze uthole isiqondiso sokulawula ukweqisa. Bangase bancomise ukudla okuthile okufanele kudliwe, ukuthi kufanele uhlole kangaki ushukela wakho wegazi, noma ukuthi udinga yini ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Gcina amaphilisi e-glucose noma amanye ama-carbohydrate asebenza ngokushesha eduze noma nini lapho uzifaka i-insulin.

Uma udla imithi eminingi kakhulu noma ulahlekelwa wukuqwashisa, othile kufanele ashayele izinsiza eziphuthumayo ngokushesha. Ukuba nekhithi eliphuthumayo le-glucagon kungasindisa impilo kulezi zimo, ikakhulukazi uma uhlala wedwa noma unomlando wezigameko eziphuthumayo eziphansi zikashukela wegazi.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Insulin Degludec?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo wakho we-insulin degludec, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, uma nje kunehora okungenani elingu-8 ngaphambi komthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe.

Qapha ushukela wakho wegazi kaningi ngemva kokulahlekelwa umthamo, njengoba amazinga akho angase abe phezulu kunokujwayelekile. Ungase udinge ukulungisa ukudla kwakho noma izinga lomsebenzi ukuze ubuyisele i-insulin ephuthelwe. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma ushukela wakho wegazi usaqhubeka uphakeme noma uma ungaqiniseki ngokuthi ungayiphatha kanjani le nkinga.

Ukuvimbela imithamo ephuthelwe, cabangela ukusetha ama-alamu ocingo noma ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi onezici zesikhumbuzi. Abanye abantu bakuthola kuwusizo ukujova i-insulin yabo ngesikhathi esifanayo nomunye umsebenzi wansuku zonke, njengokuxubha amazinyo abo noma ukudla isidlo sasekuseni.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Insulin Degludec?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-insulin degludec ngaphansi kokuqondisa okuqondile kukadokotela wakho. Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ukuyeka i-insulin kungaba yingozi ekuphileni futhi kuholele ku-diabetic ketoacidosis phakathi kwamahora noma izinsuku. Labo abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 bangase bakwazi ukuyeka i-insulin uma ukulawulwa kukashukela wegazi labo kuthuthuka kakhulu ngezindlela ezinye.

Udokotela wakho angase acabange ukuyeka noma ukunciphisa i-insulin degludec yakho uma ulahlekelwa isisindo esikhulu, ukhuphula umsebenzi wakho womzimba, noma uqala eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela ethuthukisa ukuzwela komzimba wakho ku-insulin. Nokho, lezi zinguquko zidinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela nokulungiswa kancane kancane kunokuyeka kungazelelwe.

Abanye abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 bangakwazi ukuyeka ukusebenzisa i-insulin okwesikhashana, kodwa abaningi ekugcineni badinga ukuqala kabusha njengoba isimo sabo siqhubeka. Ukulandela okuvamile kwezokwelapha kusiza ukunquma indlela engcono kakhulu yesikhathi eside yesimo sakho esithile kanye nemigomo yezempilo.

Ngingahamba ne-Insulin Degludec?

Yebo, ungahamba ne-insulin degludec, kodwa kudinga ukuhlela nokulungiselela okuthile. Hlala uthwala i-insulin yakho emthwalweni wakho wokuqala uma undiza, ngoba izindawo zokugcina impahla zingaqanda futhi zilimaze imithi. Letha incwadi evela kudokotela wakho echaza isidingo sakho se-insulin kanye nezinto zokujova ukusiza ngezokuphepha esikhumulweni sezindiza.

Pakisha i-insulin eyengeziwe nezinto zokusebenza uma kwenzeka ukubambezeleka noma ukulahleka kwemithwalo. Cabangela ukuletha isiqandisi esincane noma icala elinokuvikela ukuzivikela emithini yakho emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. I-Insulin degludec ingagcinwa ekamelweni lokushisa kuze kube amasonto angu-8 uma isivuliwe, okwenza ukuhamba kube lula kunezinye izinhlobo ze-insulin.

Cwaninga ngendawo yesikhathi oya kuyo futhi uhlele ukuthi ungayilungisa kanjani isimiso sakho sokujova uma kudingeka. Ohambweni olungaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ungase udinge ukushintsha kancane kancane isikhathi sakho sokujova ukuze sihambisane nesimiso sakho esisha. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angakusiza ukuthi udale uhlelo lokuhamba olugcina ukulawulwa okuhle kukashukela egazini ngesikhathi sohambo lwakho.