Yini i-NPH Insulin: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-NPH insulin iyindlela ye-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside esiza abantu abanesifo sikashukela ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini labo usuku lonke. Ibizwa ngokuthi "i-intermediate-acting" ngoba isebenza cishe amahora angu-12-18, inikeza ukulawulwa okuqhubekayo kwe-glucose phakathi kokudla kanye nobusuku.

Lolu hlobo lwe-insulin lithola igama layo ku-Neutral Protamine Hagedorn, ngemuva kososayensi owaluthuthukisa. Ingxenye ethi "isophane" ibhekisela endleleni i-insulin ehlanganiswe ngayo ne-protamine ukuze yehlise ukumuncwa kwayo emzimbeni wakho.

Isetshenziselwani i-NPH Insulin?

I-NPH insulin isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha kokubili uhlobo 1 kanye nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela lapho umzimba wakho udinga usizo ekulawuleni amazinga kashukela egazini. Isebenza njenge-insulin yangemuva elingisa lokho okungakhiqizwa yiphancreas yakho ngokujwayelekile usuku lonke.

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 bathembele ku-NPH insulin ngoba imizimba yabo ayikwazi ukwenza i-insulin nhlobo. Kulabo abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, i-NPH insulin iba yimfuneko lapho eminye imithi efana namaphilisi inganele ukugcina ushukela wegazi ebangeni elinempilo.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi akubhalele i-NPH insulin uma ubhekene nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amahomoni okukhulelwa kwenza kube nzima ukuthi umzimba wakho usebenzise i-insulin ngempumelelo.

Isebenza Kanjani i-NPH Insulin?

I-NPH insulin isebenza ngokusiza amaseli akho ukuthi amunce i-glucose egazini lakho, njenge-insulin yemvelo. Ithathwa njenge-insulin enamandla aphakathi nendawo enikeza ukulawulwa okuzinzile, okuqhubekayo kukashukela wegazi kunokulungiswa okusheshayo.

I-protamine ku-NPH insulin isebenza njengendlela yokukhishwa kwesikhathi. Uma uyijova ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho, i-protamine iyancibilika kancane kancane, ikhipha i-insulin kancane kancane egazini lakho emahoreni angu-12-18.

Lokhu kukhishwa kancane kwenza i-insulin ye-NPH ibe yinhle kakhulu ekuvikeleni ukukhuphuka kukashukela wegazi phakathi kokudla nasebuthongweni. Ngokuvamile iqala ukusebenza phakathi nehora elingu-1-2, ifinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu cishe ngamahora angu-4-6, futhi iqhubeka isebenza kuze kube ngamahora angu-18.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Insulin ye-NPH?

I-insulin ye-NPH inikezwa njengomjovo ngaphansi kwesikhumba, ngokuvamile ethangeni lakho, engalweni, noma esiswini. Udokotela wakho uzokufundisa indlela efanele yokujova futhi akusize ukhethe izindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokujova.

Ngokuvamile uzothatha i-insulin ye-NPH kanye noma kabili ngosuku, ngokuvamile ngaphambi kwasekuseni nakusihlwa. Abanye abantu bayayidinga kuphela ngesikhathi sokulala ukuze balawule amazinga kashukela wegazi ebusuku.

Nawa amanye amasu abalulekile okufanele uwalandele lapho uthatha i-insulin ye-NPH:

• Goqa ngobumnene ibhodlela phakathi kwezintende zakho ukuze uhlanganise i-insulin - ungalishayi ngamandla
• Hlanza indawo yokujova ngeswabhula likabhiya
• Zungezisa izindawo zokujova ukuvimbela izinkinga zesikhumba
• Gcina amabhodlela angavuliwe efrijini
• Gcina ibhodlela olisebenzisayo njengamanje ekamelweni lokushisa

Ngokungafani neminye imithi, i-insulin ye-NPH akudingeki ukuthi ithathwe nokudla, kodwa ukuhlela ukudla kungasiza ekuvikeleni ushukela wegazi ophansi. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile esekelwe esimisweni sakho sokudla.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Insulin ye-NPH?

Abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 bazodinga i-insulin ye-NPH impilo yabo yonke, ngoba imizimba yabo ayikwazi ukukhiqiza i-insulin ngokwemvelo. Ubude besikhathi buxhomeke ngokuphelele esimweni sakho ngasinye nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kahle kangakanani ekwelashweni.

Ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ungase udinge i-insulin ye-NPH isikhathi eside noma okwesikhashana, kuye ngezinto ezinjengokulawulwa kukashukela wegazi lakho, eminye imithi, kanye nezinguquko zokuphila. Abanye abantu bangagcina bekhulisa noma beyeka i-insulin uma benza ngcono okukhulu ekudleni kwabo nasemikhubeni yokuzivocavoca.

Udktela wakho uzoqapha njalo amazinga kashukela egazini lakho futhi alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha njengoba kudingeka. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-insulin ye-NPH ngaphandle kokubonisana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekuqhumeni okuyingozi kukashukela wegazi.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Insulin ye-NPH?

Umphumela ovamile we-insulin ye-NPH ukushukela okuphansi (i-hypoglycemia), okungenzeka uma uthatha i-insulin eningi kakhulu, weqa ukudla, noma uzivocavoze ngaphezu kokujwayelekile. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ukuthuthumela, ukujuluka, ukudideka, nendlala.

Ake sibheke imiphumela engase yenzeke, siqala ngalezo ezivamile kakhulu:

• Iziqephu zikashukela ophansi ezinzwa ezinjengokugajwa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, noma ukucasuka
• Ukuphendula kwendawo yokujova njengobubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ubuhlungu obuncane
• Ukuzuza isisindo njengoba umzimba wakho uqala ukusebenzisa i-glucose ngempumelelo
• Ushintsho esikhumbeni ezindaweni zokujova uma ungalishintshi indawo

Imiphumela engavamile kodwa ebucayi kakhulu ihlanganisa ushukela ophansi ongathi sína odinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo, kanye nokusabela okungavamile komzimba okunezimpawu ezinjengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuqubuka okubanzi.

Abantu abaningi bayayibekezelela kahle i-insulin ye-NPH, futhi imiphumela emibi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Njalo gcina amaphilisi e-glucose asebenza ngokushesha noma ijusi eduze ukuze welaphe ushukela ophansi ngokushesha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole i-Insulin ye-NPH?

Bambalwa kakhulu abantu abangakwazi ukuthatha i-insulin ye-NPH, kodwa izimo ezithile zidinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe noma ukwelashwa okuhlukile. Abantu abanezikhathi eziningi, ezinzima zikashukela ophansi bangase badinge ukwelashwa kwe-insulin okuhlukile.

Udktela wakho uzoqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi i-insulin ye-NPH ilungele yini uma unezimo ezithile zempilo:

• Isifo sezinso, esingathinta indlela umzimba wakho osebenza ngayo i-insulin
• Izinkinga zesibindi ezingashintsha izidingo ze-insulin
• Izimo zenhliziyo ezingase zibe zimbi ngenxa yezigameko zikashukela ophansi
• Umlando wokungezwani komzimba okukhulu ne-insulin noma izithako zayo
• Ukuphazamiseka kokudla okwenza isikhathi sokudla singabikezeleki

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa akuthinteli ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin ye-NPH, kodwa udokotela wakho angase alungise umthamo wakho. Izingane zingayisebenzisa ngokuphepha i-insulin ye-NPH, nakuba zingase zidinge amafomula ahlukene noma amashejuli okulinganisa.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-NPH Insulin

I-insulin ye-NPH itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningana omkhiqizo, i-Humulin N ne-Novolin N okuyizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ukunconywa e-United States. Zombili ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo kodwa zingase zibe nomehluko omncane ezingxenyeni ezingasebenzi.

I-Humulin N yenziwa yi-Eli Lilly, kuyilapho i-Novolin N ivela e-Novo Nordisk. Ikhemisi lakho lingase lithwale omunye noma womabili amabhrendi, futhi ngokuvamile ziyashintshana ngemvume kadokotela wakho.

Ezinye izinhlelo zomshuwalense zingase zikhethe umkhiqizo owodwa kunomunye, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukuhlola nomhlinzeki wakho womshuwalense mayelana nokumbozwa. Zombili izinhlobo zitholakala ngama-vials kanye namapeni agcwaliswe ngaphambili ukuze kube lula ukujova.

Ezinye izindlela ze-NPH Insulin

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-insulin eziphakathi nendawo nezisebenza isikhathi eside zingasebenza njengezinye izindlela ze-insulin ye-NPH, kuye ngezidingo zakho ezithile. I-insulin glargine (Lantus) ne-insulin detemir (Levemir) ziyizinketho ezisebenza isikhathi eside ezinikeza ukumbozwa kwamahora angama-24.

Lezi zindlela ezintsha zingase zinikeze ukulawulwa kukashukela okubikezelekayo ngengozi encane yezigameko zikashukela ophansi ebusuku. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile zibiza kakhulu kune-insulin ye-NPH.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi acabangele ama-insulin ahlanganisiwe axuba i-NPH ne-insulin esebenza ngokushesha ekujoveni okukodwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-insulin engu-70/30 (70% NPH, 30% ejwayelekile) noma izinhlanganisela ezifanayo ezingenza lula isimiso sakho sokulinganisa.

Ingabe i-NPH Insulin Ingcono Kune-Insulin Glargine?

I-NPH insulin kanye ne-insulin glargine (Lantus) zombili zinikeza ukulawulwa kukashukela wegazi okuhlala isikhathi eside, kodwa zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi zinezinzuzo ezihlukile. Akukho noyedwa 'ongcono' ngokuqondile - ukukhetha kuncike endleleni yakho yokuphila, amaphethini kashukela wegazi, kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa.

I-NPH insulin ibiza kancane kakhulu kune-insulin glargine futhi isetshenziswe ngokuphepha amashumi eminyaka. Isebenza kahle kubantu abaningi futhi inikeza ukulawulwa kukashukela wegazi okuthembekile uma isetshenziswa njalo.

I-Insulin glargine inikeza ukumuncwa okuthembeke kakhulu futhi kuhlala cishe amahora angama-24, okungasho ukuthi ukushintshashintsha kukashukela wegazi okuncane. Futhi inengozi ephansi yokubangela izigameko zokushukela wegazi ophansi ebusuku.

Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi ulinganise izinto ezinjengezindleko, lula, kanye namaphethini okulawula ushukela wegazi ukuze unqume ukuthi iyiphi i-insulin esebenza kangcono esimweni sakho.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-NPH Insulin

Ingabe i-NPH Insulin Iphephile Esinyakeni?

I-NPH insulin ingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha kubantu abanezifo zezinso, kodwa idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela nokulungiswa kwemithamo okungenzeka. Izinso zakho zisiza ukwehlisa i-insulin, ngakho izinkinga zezinso zingenza i-insulin ihlale esimisweni sakho isikhathi eside.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungase udinge imithamo ephansi ye-NPH insulin uma unezifo zezinso. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukusebenza kwezinso zakho kanye namazinga kashukela wegazi eduze ukuze avimbele izigameko eziyingozi zokushukela wegazi ophansi.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngizifaka Ngengozi I-NPH Insulin Eningi Kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi uzifaka i-NPH insulin eningi kakhulu, ungesabi, kodwa thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuvimbela ushukela wegazi ophansi ongathi sína. Yidla noma uphuze okuthile okunamacarbohydrate asebenza ngokushesha njengamaphilisi e-glucose, ijusi lezithelo, noma isoda ejwayelekile.

Qapha ushukela wakho wegazi eduze amahora angu-12-18 alandelayo njengoba i-NPH insulin isebenza isikhathi eside. Xhumana nodokotela wakho noma umhlinzeki wezempilo ukuze uxoxe ngokulungisa umthamo wakho olandelayo futhi uthole isiqondiso sokulawula isimo.

Funana usizo lwezempilo oluphuthumayo uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima njengokudideka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, noma ukuquleka. Gcina amakhithi aphuthumayo e-glucagon etholakala uma udokotela wakho ewatusa.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Insulin ye-NPH?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-insulin ye-NPH, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle kokuthi sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Ungalokothi uphinde imithamo ukuze ulungise okushiwo.

Hlola ushukela wakho wegazi kaningi ngemva kokulahlekelwa umthamo, njengoba amazinga akho angase abe phezulu kunokujwayelekile. Ungase udinge ukulungisa isikhathi sokudla kwakho noma uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole isiqondiso.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha ama-alamu ocingo noma ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukuthi ukhumbule. Isikhathi esiqhubekayo sibalulekile ukuze i-insulin ye-NPH isebenze ngempumelelo.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Insulin ye-NPH?

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ngokuvamile badinga i-insulin impilo yabo yonke ngoba imizimba yabo ayikwazi ukuyikhiqiza ngokwemvelo. Kodwa-ke, labo abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 bangase ekugcineni banciphise noma bayeke i-insulin uma ukulawulwa kwabo ushukela wegazi kuthuthuka kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukuthi ungayeka yini i-insulin ye-NPH ngokusekelwe emazingeni akho kashukela wegazi, impilo yonke, neminye imithi yesifo sikashukela. Lesi sinqumo akufanele senziwe ngaphandle kokugadwa kwezokwelapha.

Abanye abantu banganciphisa izidingo zabo ze-insulin ngokulahlekelwa isisindo, ukuthuthukisa ukudla, ukuzivocavoca njalo, noma eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizosebenza nawe ukuthola uhlelo olungcono kakhulu lokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside.

Ngingayixuba I-Insulin ye-NPH Nezinye Izinhlobo Ze-Insulin?

I-insulin ye-NPH ingaxutshwa ne-insulin ejwayelekile esirinini elifanayo, kodwa akufanele ixutshwe ne-insulin esebenza ngokushesha njenge-insulin lispro noma aspart. Njalo landela imiyalelo ethile kadokotela wakho mayelana nokuxuba ama-insulin.

Lapho kuxutshwa ama-insulin, qala ukudweba i-insulin ecacile ejwayelekile, bese i-insulin ye-NPH enamafu. Lokhu kuvimbela ukungcola futhi kuqinisekisa ukulinganisa okunembile kwazo zombili izinhlobo.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-insulin okuxutshwe ngaphambili kuyatholakala uma udokotela wakho enquma ukuthi udinga kokubili i-NPH ne-insulin ejwayelekile. Lokhu kuqeda isidingo sokuxuba futhi kungenza lula inqubo yakho yokujova.