Kuyini Ukujova i-Ketamine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

Ukujova i-Ketamine ngumuthi onamandla wokubulala izinzwa kanye nomuthi wokwelapha ubuhlungu odokotela abawusebenzisa ezibhedlela nasemitholampilo ekhethekile. Ungase ukwazi kangcono njengomuthi wokubulala izinzwa wokuhlinzwa, kodwa futhi kuba ukwelashwa okubalulekile kokucindezeleka okukhulu nobuhlungu obungapheli obungazange busabele kweminye imithi.

Lo muthi usebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunezilawuli zobuhlungu noma ama-antidepressants ajwayelekile. Ithinta izindlela zokuxhumana zobuchopho bakho ngendlela eyingqayizivele, yingakho ingasebenza kahle kakhulu ezimweni ezithile lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzanga.

Yini Ukujova i-Ketamine?

Ukujova i-Ketamine ngumuthi ongowesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-dissociative anesthetics. Ekuqaleni yathuthukiswa ngeminyaka yama-1960 njengenye indlela ephephile kunezinye izinto ezibangela ukubulala izinzwa ezisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Lo muthi uza njengoketshezi olucacile olujovwa abahlinzeki bezempilo emsipheni wakho noma emthanjeni. Ngokungafani neminye imithi eminingi, i-ketamine inganikeza kokubili ukukhululeka kobuhlungu kanye ne-anesthesia, kuye ngomthamo onikeziwe. Yilokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi “into elawulwayo” ngoba inethuba lokusetshenziswa kabi, ngakho itholakala kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha.

Okuhlukanisa i-ketamine ukuthi ingasebenza ngokushesha kangakanani. Ngenkathi imithi eminingi ithatha amasonto ukukhombisa imiphumela, i-ketamine inganikeza ukukhululeka kungakapheli amahora noma izinsuku ezimweni ezithile.

Yini Ukujova i-Ketamine Okusetshenziselwa Yona?

Odokotela basebenzisa ukujova i-ketamine ngezinjongo eziningana ezibalulekile zezokwelapha. Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kakhulu njengomuthi wokubulala izinzwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi ezinqubweni ezimfushane noma lapho ezinye izinto ezibangela ukubulala izinzwa zingase zingakuphepheli.

Muva nje, i-ketamine ithole ukunakwa njengendlela yokwelapha ebalulekile yokucindezeleka okukhulu. Uma uzamile ama-antidepressants amaningi ngaphandle kwempumelelo, udokotela wakho angase acabangele i-ketamine njengenketho. Isebenza ikakhulukazi ekucindezelekeni okumelana nokwelashwa, lapho imithi yendabuko ingazange inikeze impumuzo.

Nawa amakhondishini amakhulu i-ketamine injection elapha wona:

• I-anesthesia ejwayelekile yokuhlinzwa nezinqubo zezokwelapha
• Ukucindezeleka okumelana nokwelashwa
• Izimo ezibuhlungu ezingapheli ezinzima
• Ukuthuliswa okungxamisekile ezibhedlela
• Izinhlobo ezithile zokucindezeleka kwe-bipolar
• I-syndrome yobuhlungu besifunda esiyinkimbinkimbi

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi ngabe i-ketamine ilungile yini esimweni sakho esithile. Isinqumo sincike emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha, imithi yamanje, nokuthi ube ngcono kangakanani ekuphenduleni kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Ketamine?

I-Ketamine isebenza ngokuvimba ama-receptors athile ebuchosheni bakho abizwa ngokuthi ama-NMDA receptors. Cabanga ngala ma-receptors njengeminyango evumela imiyalezo ethile yamakhemikhali ukuthi idlule ngamaseli akho obuchopho.

Lapho i-ketamine ivimba le minyango, idala uchungechunge lwezinguquko ebuchosheni bakho. Lokhu kungaholela ekwakhekeni kokuxhumana okusha phakathi kwamaseli obuchopho, okukholelwa ososayensi ukuthi kungani kungasebenza kahle kangaka ekucindezelekeni. Kufana nokunika ubuchopho bakho ithuba lokuzixhuma kabusha ngezindlela ezinempilo.

Ukuze kutholakale impumuzo yobuhlungu, i-ketamine iphazamisa amasiginali obuhlungu ahamba emzimbeni wakho ebuchosheni bakho. Ithathwa njengomuthi onamandla - onamandla kunezinye izidambisi zokubuhlungu ezivamile kodwa hhayi njengoba inamandla njengamanye ama-anesthetics asetshenziswa ekuhlinzweni okukhulu.

Imiphumela ingazwakala ngokushesha, ngokuvamile ngemizuzu kuya emahoreni. Lesi senzo esisheshayo singesinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani i-ketamine isibe ithuluzi elibaluleke kangaka ekwelapheni ukucindezeleka okukhulu okungazange kuphendule eminye imithi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Ketamine Injection?

Ukujova kwe-ketamine ngaso sonke isikhathi kunikezwa ochwepheshe bezempilo ezindaweni zezokwelapha. Awukwazi ukuthatha lo muthi ekhaya - kudinga ukuqapha okucophelelayo nokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha.

Ukujova kunganikezwa ngezindlela ezahlukene kuye ngokwelashwa kwakho. Ukuze uthole i-anesthesia, ngokuvamile kujovwa emthanjeni nge-IV. Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kokucindezeleka, kungase kunikezwe njengomjovo emsipheni wakho noma nge-IV infusion ethatha cishe imizuzu engama-40.

Ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwakho nge-ketamine, ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokunikeza imiyalelo ethile. Ngokuvamile uzodinga ukugwema ukudla noma ukuphuza amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kwalokho, okufana nokulungiselela ukuhlinzwa. Qiniseka ukuthi othile angakushayela ekhaya ngemva kwalokho, njengoba ungakufanele ukusebenzisa izimoto noma imishini okungenani amahora angama-24.

Ngesikhathi sokujova, uzoqashwa ngokuqhubekayo. Umfutho wegazi lakho, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, nokuphefumula kuzohlolwa njalo. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizohlala nawe kuyo yonke inqubo ukuze liqinisekise ukuphepha kwakho.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Ketamine?

Ubude bokwelashwa kwe-ketamine buqondene ngokuphelele nokuthi kungani uyithola. Ukuze uthole i-anesthesia yokuhlinzwa, ngokuvamile ukusetshenziswa okukodwa ngesikhathi senqubo yakho.

Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kokucindezeleka, umugqa wesikhathi uhluke kakhulu. Ungase uqale ngamathuba amaningi okwelashwa emasontweni ambalwa. Abantu abaningi bathola imijovo ye-ketamine kabili ngesonto emasontweni ambalwa okuqala, bese kuba njalo njengoba izimpawu zithuthuka.

Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuze athole isimiso esifanele. Abanye abantu badinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo njalo emavikini ambalwa noma ezinyangeni ukuze balawule izimpawu zabo zokucindezeleka. Abanye bangase badinge kuphela inkambo emfushane yokwelashwa.

Okhiye ukuthi ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokulandela eduze inqubekela phambili yakho. Bazolungisa imvamisa nobude ngokusekelwe endleleni ozabela ngayo kanye nanoma yimaphi imiphumela emibi ongase uyithole. Ungalokothi uyeke noma ushintshe uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa nge-ketamine ngaphandle kokuxoxa nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Yini Imiphumela Emibi Ye-Ketamine?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-ketamine ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi imiphumela emibi eminingi ingeyesikhashana futhi ilawuleka, ikakhulukazi uma umuthi unikezwa endaweni yezokwelapha elawulwayo.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ongase uyithole ihlanganisa ukuzizwa unganamuhla ngendawo okuzungezile, isiyezi, isicanucanu, kanye nezinguquko emfutheleni wegazi. Le miphumela ivame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi noma ngemva nje komjovo futhi ngokuvamile iyaphela emahoreni ambalwa.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ongase uyibone:

• Ukuzizwa uhlukene noma "untantayo" ngesikhathi sokwelashwa
• Isiyezi noma ukukhathala
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Ukwanda kwesikhashana komfutho wegazi
• Ukubona okungacacile
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukozela noma ukukhathala

Kukhona neminye imiphumela emibi engajwayelekile kodwa ebucayi okufanele uyazi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinguquko ezinkulu kumgqigqo wenhliziyo, izinkinga zokuphefumula, noma ukudideka okukhulu. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha liqeqeshwe ukubheka lokhu futhi liphendule ngokushesha uma kwenzeka.

Abanye abantu bakhathazeka ngemiphumela engokwengqondo ye-ketamine, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi imiphumela "ehlukanisayo". Ungase uzizwe sengathi ungaphandle komzimba wakho noma ukuthi izinto ezikuzungezile zibonakala zingelona iqiniso. Ngenkathi lokhu kungase kuzizwe kungajwayelekile, kungokwesikhashana futhi ngokuvamile akulimazi uma uqashwe ochwepheshe bezokwelapha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Ketamine?

I-Ketamine ayiphephile kuwo wonke umuntu. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuncoma lokhu kwelashwa.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo kufanele bagweme i-ketamine ngoba ingakhuphula umfutho wegazi nesivinini senhliziyo. Uma unomfutho wegazi ophezulu ongagadiwe, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwakamuva, noma izinkinga ezithile zesigqi senhliziyo, i-ketamine kungenzeka ingakulungele.

Nazi izizathu eziyinhloko ezingenza umuntu angakwazi ukuthola i-ketamine:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongagadiwe
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwakamuva noma isifo senhliziyo esingazinzile
• Isifo sesibindi esibi kakhulu
• I-psychosis esebenzayo noma izimo ezithile zengqondo
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukuncelisa
• Umlando wokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa nge-ketamine
• Izimo ezithile zamehlo ezenyusa umfutho esweni

Iminyaka nayo ingaba yisici. Izingane ezincane kakhulu kanye nabantu abadala asebekhulile bangase badinge ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile noma ukwelashwa okuhlukile. Udokotela wakho uzoqaphela izinzuzo ezingaba khona uma ziqhathaniswa nezingozi zesimo sakho esithile.

Uma unanoma yiziphi zalezi zimo, ungakhathazeki - ngokuvamile kukhona ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizosebenza nawe ukuze lithole inketho ephephe kakhulu nephumelelayo ezidingweni zakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Ketamine

I-Ketamine itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo. Igama lomkhiqizo elivamile yi-Ketalar, esetshenziselwa i-anesthesia ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa nezinqubo zezokwelapha.

Ukwelashwa kokucindezeleka, ungase uzwe nge-Spravato, okuyifomu le-ketamine (ikakhulukazi i-esketamine) elingumuthi wokufutha ngamakhala. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwehluke efomini lokujova esixoxa ngalo lapha.

Ezindaweni zezokwelapha, ungase futhi uzwe abahlinzeki bezempilo bekhuluma nge-ketamine ngegama layo elivamile kunegama lomkhiqizo. Umuthi uyafana kungakhathaliseki umkhiqizo, kodwa abakhiqizi abahlukene bangase babe nokwakheka okuhlukile noma ukugxilisa.

Iqembu lakho lezempilo lizokwazisa ukuthi iyiphi ifomu elithile nomkhiqizo we-ketamine abawusebenzisayo ekwelashweni kwakho. Ukukhetha kuvame ukuncika ezidingweni zakho ezithile zezokwelapha nokuthi yini etholakalayo endaweni yakho yokwelapha.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Ketamine

Uma i-ketamine ingakulungele, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezitholakalayo. Enye indlela engcono kakhulu incike esimweni osilashayo.

Ukuze uthole i-anesthesia, ezinye izinketho zihlanganisa i-propofol, i-midazolam, noma ama-anesthetics ahlukahlukene aphefumulwayo. Le mithi isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kune-ketamine kodwa inganikeza imiphumela efanayo ye-anesthetic ngemisebenzi yokuhlinzwa.

Ukwelashwa kokucindezeleka, ezinye izindlela zihlanganisa ama-antidepressants esintu afana ne-SSRIs, SNRIs, noma eminye imithi emisha. Abanye abantu futhi bayazuza ekwelashweni okufana ne-transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) noma i-electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).

Ngezinhlungu ezingapheli, ezinye izindlela zingahlanganisa ezinye izinhlobo ze-nerve blocks, imithi ehlukene yezinhlungu, noma izindlela ezingezona zemithi ezifana ne-physical therapy noma ukwelulekwa ngokwengqondo.

Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngalezi zindlela nawe uma i-ketamine ingafaneleki. Ngezinye izikhathi inhlanganisela yokwelashwa isebenza kangcono kunanoma iyiphi indlela eyodwa.

Ingabe i-Ketamine Ingcono Kunezinye Izinto Zokubulala Izinzwa?

I-Ketamine inezinzuzo eziyingqayizivele eziyenza ibe ngcono kunezinye izinto zokubulala izinzwa ezimweni ezithile. Ibaluleke kakhulu ngoba ayicindezeli ukuphefumula kwakho njengoba ezinye izinto zokubulala izinzwa zenza.

Lokhu kwenza i-ketamine ilungele ikakhulukazi izimo eziphuthumayo noma lapho kwelashwa iziguli ezingase zibe nezinkinga zokuphefumula. Iphinde ibe usizo ezinqubweni ezimfushane noma lapho ezinye izinto zokubulala izinzwa zingase zibe yingozi kakhulu.

Nokho, i-ketamine akudingeki ukuthi “ingcono” kunezinye izinto zokubulala izinzwa - imane nje ihluke. Ezinye izinto zokubulala izinzwa ezifana ne-propofol zingase zithandwe ngemisebenzi emide yokuhlinzwa noma lapho udinga ukuvuka ngokushesha ngemva kwenqubo.

Ukwelashwa kokucindezeleka, i-ketamine inikeza okuthile okungahlali okwenziwa yimithi yokucindezeleka yendabuko: ukukhululeka okusheshayo. Ngenkathi imithi eminingi yokucindezeleka ithatha amasonto ukuthi isebenze, i-ketamine inganikeza ukukhululeka emahoreni noma ezinsukwini. Lokhu kuyenza ibaluleke ikakhulukazi kubantu abanokucindezeleka okukhulu abangazange basabele kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-ketamine neminye imithi kuncike ezidingweni zakho ezithile, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, kanye nenqubo ethile noma isimo eselashwayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Ketamine

Ingabe i-Ketamine iphephile kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo?

I-Ketamine ingaphepha kubantu abanezinhlobo ezithile zesifo senhliziyo, kodwa idinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela. Umuthi ungakhuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi, okungase kube yinkinga uma unezimo ezithile zenhliziyo.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo esilawulwa kahle, udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukusebenzisa i-ketamine ngokubheka okwengeziwe. Bazohlola izinzuzo ngokumelene nezingozi zesimo sakho esithile. Kwezinye izimo, bangase bakhethe imithi ehlukile ephephe kakhulu enhliziyweni yakho.

Njalo tshela ithimba lakho lezempilo nganoma yiziphi izinkinga zenhliziyo onazo, noma ngabe zibonakala zincane. Lolu lwazi lubasiza ukuthi benze izinqumo zokwelapha eziphephe kakhulu kuwe.

Ngingenzani uma ngithola i-Ketamine eningi ngengozi?

Njengoba i-ketamine inikezwa kuphela ochwepheshe bezempilo ezindaweni zezokwelapha, ukweqisa ngengozi akuvamile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma ucabanga ukuthi uthole i-ketamine eningi, tshela ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Izimpawu ze-ketamine eningi zingabandakanya ukudideka okukhulu, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha liqeqeshwe ukubona nokwelapha lezi zimo ngokushesha.

Ukwelashwa kokweqisa kwe-ketamine kuvame ukubandakanya ukunakekelwa okusekelayo - ukusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi usebenzise umuthi ngenkathi ubheka izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile. Abantu abaningi bayalulama ngokuphelele ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele.

Kumele Ngenzeni Uma Ngingaphuthelwa Ukwelashwa Nge-Ketamine?

Uma uphuthelwa ukwelashwa nge-ketamine okuhlelelwe ukucindezeleka, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha okukhulu. Bazokusiza ukuthi uhlele kabusha futhi banqume ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukulungiswa okudingekayo ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa.

Ungazami ukulungisa ukwelashwa okuphuthelwe ngokuwenza asondele ndawonye. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luhlelwe ngokucophelela ukuthi luphephe futhi lusebenze kahle.

Ukuphuthelwa ukwelashwa okukodwa ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga enkulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuhlala useduze ngangokunokwenzeka esimisweni sakho esinqunyiwe ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Ketamine?

Isinqumo sokuyeka ukwelashwa nge-ketamine kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi neqembu lakho lezempilo. Ukuze uthole i-anesthesia, umuthi uvamise ukuyekiswa ngokushesha nje lapho inqubo yakho isiqediwe.

Ukwelashwa kokucindezeleka, isikhathi siyahlukahluka. Abanye abantu badinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kokugcinwa, kanti abanye bangase bakwazi ukuyeka ngemva kokuba izimpawu zabo zithuthuke kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho futhi asize ukunquma ukuthi kuphephile nini ukunciphisa noma ukuyeka ukwelashwa. Bangase futhi bakusize ukuthi udlulele kweminye imithi noma ukwelashwa ukuze ugcine ukuthuthuka kwakho.

Ngingashayela Ngemva Kokwelashwa Nge-Ketamine?

Cha, akufanele ushayele okungenani amahora angama-24 ngemva kokuthola umjovo we-ketamine. Umuthi ungase uthinte ukuxhumana kwakho, ukwahlulela, nesikhathi sokusabela ngisho nangemva kokuzwa ujwayelekile.

Hlela ukuthi othile akuqhubele futhi akuqhubele emhlanganweni wakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekwelashweni kokucindezeleka, lapho uzobe uvukile kodwa ungase uhlangabezane nemiphumela eqhubekayo.

Iqembu lakho lezempilo lizokunikeza imiyalelo ethile mayelana nokuthi kuphephile nini ukuqala kabusha ukushayela neminye imisebenzi. Landela lezi ziqondiso ngokucophelela ukuze uthole ukuphepha kwakho nokuphepha kwabanye.