Yini i-Lamivudine kanye ne-Zidovudine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Lamivudine kanye ne-zidovudine iyinhlanganisela yemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukutheleleka nge-HIV. Le nhlanganisela enamandla isebenza ndawonye ukwehlisa izinga legciwane futhi isize amasosha akho omzimba ahlale eqina isikhathi eside.

Uma unikezwe lo muthi, cishe uzizwa ukhungathekile ngemibuzo nokukhathazeka. Lokho kujwayelekile ngokuphelele, futhi ukuqonda ukuthi le mithi isebenza kanjani kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka kakhulu ngohambo lwakho lwempilo olulindele.

Yini i-Lamivudine kanye ne-Zidovudine?

I-Lamivudine kanye ne-zidovudine yinhlanganisela yomthamo olungisiwe wemithi emibili elwa negciwane le-HIV. Yomibili le mithi ingeyigaba elibizwa ngokuthi ama-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, okusho ukuthi ivimbela i-HIV ukuthi ingazikopishi ngaphakathi kwamaseli akho.

Cabanga ngale mithi njengokubeka izithiyo ezingavimbeli igciwane ukuthi lingasakazeki emzimbeni wakho wonke. I-Lamivudine isisize abantu abane-HIV kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1990, kuyilapho i-zidovudine empeleni yayiwumuthi wokuqala we-HIV owake wavunywa yi-FDA emuva ngo-1987.

Le nhlanganisela ivame ukunqunywa njengengxenye yohlelo olukhulu lokwelapha oluhlanganisa eminye imithi ye-HIV. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ngokucophelela inhlanganisela efanele ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile nezidingo zempilo.

Yini i-Lamivudine kanye ne-Zidovudine Esetshenziselwa Yona?

Le nhlanganisela yemithi isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha ukutheleleka nge-HIV-1 kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezinobunzima obungamakhilogremu angama-30 (cishe amaphawundi angama-66). Yenzelwe ukunciphisa inani le-HIV egazini lakho liye emazingeni aphansi kakhulu, okusiza ukuvikela amasosha akho omzimba.

Udokotela wakho angase anqume le nhlanganisela uma uqala ukutholwa ukuthi une-HIV noma uma udinga ukushintsha ukusuka kwenye indlela yokwelapha i-HIV. Umgomo uwukufinyelela lokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi amazinga egciwane

Kwezinye izimo, lo muthi ungase futhi usetshenziselwe ukuvimbela ukudluliselwa kwe-HIV kusuka kumama kuya enganeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuzalwa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusetshenziswa okuthile kudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okukhethekileyo kuyo yonke le nqubo.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Lamivudine ne-Zidovudine?

Le nhlanganisela yemithi isebenza ngokungenelela ikhono le-HIV lokuzala ngaphakathi kwamaseli akho. Zombili le mithi zithathwa njengezilwa-magciwane eziqinile eziye zafakazelwa ukuthi ziyasebenza eminyakeni eminingi yokusetshenziswa.

Lapho i-HIV ingena emaseleni akho, isebenzisa i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-reverse transcriptase ukuze ikopishe izinto zayo zofuzo. I-Lamivudine ne-zidovudine empeleni ziyayikhohlisa le enzyme ngokubukeka njengamabhuloki okwakha ayidingayo, kodwa empeleni ziyizingcezu ezinamaphutha ezenza inqubo yokukopisha ime.

Ukuqina kwalolu hlobo oluhlanganisiwe kulele ekusebenziseni izindlela ezimbili ezihlukene ukuvimba inqubo efanayo. Le ndlela ephindwe kabili yenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthi igciwane lakhe ukumelana, nakuba lisengenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma umuthi ungasetshenziswa njalo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Lamivudine ne-Zidovudine?

Ungayithatha le mithi ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kokudla, nakuba ukuyithatha nokudla okulula kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesisu uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuyithatha ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze kugcinwe amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele. Ungawachobozi, uwaphule, noma uwahlafune, ngoba lokhu kungathinta indlela umuthi omuncwa ngayo emzimbeni wakho.

Uma uthatha le mithi kabili ngosuku, zama ukuhlukanisa imithamo yakho ngamahora angaba ngu-12. Ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi kungakusiza ukuthi uhlale emgqeni ngeshejuli yakho yokulinganisa.

Ukuqina kubalulekile empumelelweni yokwelashwa kwe-HIV. Ukweqa imithamo noma ukuyithatha ngokungajwayelekile kungavumela igciwane ukuthi likhe ukumelana, okwenza ukwelashwa okuzayo kube yinselele.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Lamivudine ne-Zidovudine?

Ukwelashwa kwe-HIV ngokuvamile kuyisibopho sokuphila konke, futhi cishe uzodinga ukuthatha imithi elwa negciwane le-antiretroviral impilo yakho yonke. Lokhu kungase kuzizwe kukhulu ekuqaleni, kodwa abantu abaningi baphila impilo egcwele, enempilo ngokwelashwa kwe-HIV okuqhubekayo.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha intuthuko yakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile okulinganisa umthwalo wakho wegciwane kanye nenani le-CD4 cell. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukunquma ukuthi imithi isebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi ngabe kudingeka yini ukulungiswa.

Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase ancome ukushintshela emithini ehlukene ye-HIV ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kungenzeka uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi, uma igciwane lithuthukisa ukumelana, noma uma izinketho ezintsha, ezilula zitholakala.

Okubalulekile ukuthi ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho ye-HIV ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngayo nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kuqala. Ukuyeka ukwelashwa kungabangela ukuthi umthwalo wakho wegciwane ukwande ngokushesha futhi kulimaze amasosha akho omzimba.

Yini Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Lamivudine kanye ne-Zidovudine?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-lamivudine kanye ne-zidovudine kungabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela eminingi emibi iyalawuleka futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala.

Nansi imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela le mithi:

• Ikhanda nokukhathala
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokungakhululeki kwesisu
• Ukuqunjelwa noma izitulo ezixekile
• Isiyezi noma ubunzima bokulala
• Izinhlungu zemisipha nobuthakathaka
• Izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane njengokugeleza kwamakhala noma ukukhwehlela

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukunyama ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela. Uma ziqhubeka noma ziba yinkinga, udokotela wakho angase acebise ngezindlela zokuzilawula ngempumelelo.

Abanye abantu bangase bathole imiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Nakuba lokhu kungavamile, kubalulekile ukukwazi:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obunokuhlanza nokuhlanza
• Ukukhathala okungavamile noma ubuthakathaka obungathuthuki
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo (i-jaundice)
• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo
• Ukuqubuka okukhulu kwesikhumba noma ukusabela komzimba ngaphandle
• Izimpawu ze-lactic acidosis, njengokuphefumula ngokushesha nobuhlungu bemisipha

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezingathi sína. Ukungenelela ngokushesha kungavimbela izinkinga futhi kuqinisekise ukuphepha kwakho.

Kukhona nemiphumela embalwa engavamile kodwa engaba yingozi yesikhathi eside ukuthi udokotela wakho uzoqapha ngohlelo lokuhlolwa njalo nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinguquko ekusabalalisweni kwamafutha omzimba, izinkinga zokuminyana kwamathambo, kanye nezinguquko zomsebenzi wesibindi.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha i-Lamivudine ne-Zidovudine?

Lo muthi awulungelwe wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuwubhala. Izimo ezithile zezempilo noma izimo zingenza le nhlanganisela ingaphephile noma ingasebenzi kahle kuwe.

Akufanele uthathe lo muthi uma unokungezwani komzimba ne-lamivudine, zidovudine, noma yiziphi izithako ezingasebenzi emaphilisi. Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba zingabandakanya ukuqubuka okukhulu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukukhathazeka ekuphefumuleni.

Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zezinso bangase badinge umuthi ohlukile noma ukulungiswa kwemithamo, njengoba zombili izidakamizwa zicutshungulwa ngezinso. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa futhi akuqaphele njalo.

Uma unomlando wesifo sesibindi, okuhlanganisa i-hepatitis B noma C, uzodinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe. I-Lamivudine ingathinta i-hepatitis B, futhi ukuyeka umuthi kungazelelwe kungase kubangele i-hepatitis B ukuthi ivuthe.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe bavame ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuphepha, kodwa kudinga ukuqapha nokunakekelwa okukhethekile. Udokotela wakho uzoqaphela izinzuzo ngokumelene nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona kuwe nomntwana wakho.

Abantu abanezifo ezithile zegazi, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithinta ukusebenza komnkantsha wamathambo, bangase badinge ukwelashwa okuhlukile. I-Zidovudine ngezinye izikhathi ingathinta ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli egazi, ikakhulukazi uma isetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Lamivudine kanye ne-Zidovudine

Igama elivamile lomkhiqizo lale nhlanganisela yi-Combivir, ekhiqizwa yi-ViiV Healthcare. Lo mkhiqizo ukhona kusukela ngo-1997 futhi unqunywa kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele.

Ungase futhi uthole izinguqulo ezivamile zale nhlanganisela ezitholakala ngezindleko eziphansi. Imithi ejwayelekile iqukethe izithako ezifanayo ezisebenzayo njengemithi enegama lomkhiqizo futhi isebenza kahle futhi iphephile.

Ikhemisi lakho lingase lithathele izinhlobo ezivamile ngokuzenzakalelayo, noma ungangabuza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi mayelana nezinketho ezivamile uma izindleko zikhathaza. Izinhlelo eziningi zomshuwalense zikhetha imithi ejwayelekile futhi zingase zinikeze ukumbozwa okungcono ngazo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Lamivudine kanye ne-Zidovudine

Kuningi okunye ukuhlanganiswa kwemithi ye-HIV okutholakalayo uma i-lamivudine kanye ne-zidovudine kungakufaneli. Udokotela wakho angase acabangele ezinye izindlela ezisuselwe ezidingweni zakho ezithile, imiphumela emibi, noma amaphethini okumelana.

Izindlela ezintsha zethebhulethi eyodwa zihlanganisa imithi emithathu noma ngaphezulu ye-HIV ibe iphilisi elilodwa lansuku zonke. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinhlanganisela ezinjenge-efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir noma i-dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine, abantu abaningi abakuthola kulula.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome ezinye izinhlanganisela zemithi emibili ezihambisana neminye imithi. Ukukhetha kuncike ezintweni ezinjengomthwalo wakho wegciwane, ukusebenza kwezinso, ezinye izimo zempilo, kanye nezintandokazi zomuntu siqu.

Abanye abantu bashintshela emithini emisha eneminye imiphumela emibi emincane noma okulula ukuyithatha. Kodwa-ke, ukushintsha imithi kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqhubeka kokusebenza.

Ingabe i-Lamivudine kanye ne-Zidovudine ingcono kune-Tenofovir kanye ne-Emtricitabine?

Zombili lezi zinhlanganisela ziyasebenza ekwelapheni i-HIV, kodwa zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi zinezinzuzo ezihlukile. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuvame ukuncika esimweni sakho sempilo kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa.

I-Lamivudine kanye ne-zidovudine isetshenziswe ngempumelelo iminyaka eminingi futhi inesithombe sokuphepha esiqinile. Ivame ukukhethelwa abantu abanezinkinga zezinso, njengoba ngokuvamile ilula ezinso kunezinhlanganisela ezisekelwe ku-tenofovir.

I-Tenofovir kanye ne-emtricitabine, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ivame ukukhethwa ekwelashweni kokuqala ngoba inesithiyo esiphezulu sokumelana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunzima ngentsholongwane ukuthi yakhe ukumelana nale nhlanganisela.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengokusebenza kwezinso zakho, impilo yamathambo, eminye imithi oyithathayo, kanye nezintandokazi zakho siqu lapho ukhetha phakathi kwalezi zinketho. Zombili lezi zinhlanganisela zingasebenza kakhulu uma zithathwa njalo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Lamivudine kanye ne-Zidovudine

Ingabe i-Lamivudine kanye ne-Zidovudine iphephile kubantu abane-Hepatitis B?

I-Lamivudine empeleni isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-hepatitis B, ngakho le nhlanganisela ingaba usizo uma une-HIV ne-hepatitis B. Kodwa-ke, ukuqapha okukhethekile kubalulekile ngoba ukuyeka i-lamivudine kungazelelwe kungabangela i-hepatitis B ukuthi ivuthe kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho ngokucophelela futhi kungase kudingeke ukuthi uqhubeke ne-lamivudine ngisho noma ushintshele kweminye imithi ye-HIV. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi ngaphandle kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha uma une-hepatitis B.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa ngokuthatha i-Lamivudine kanye ne-Zidovudine eningi kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi uthatha umthamo owengeziwe, ungapheli amandla. Xhumana nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuze uthole isiqondiso, kodwa ungangeni eminye imithamo ukuze

Uma uthathe ngaphezu kwemithi enconyiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma shayela isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi. Nakuba ukweqisa okukhulu kungavamile, kungcono ukuthola iseluleko sochwepheshe ngokushesha.

Gcina umkhondo wemithamo yakho usebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi noma uhlelo lokusebenza lwemithi ukusiza ekuvikeleni ukuthatha imithamo emibili ngengozi esikhathini esizayo.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Lamivudine kanye ne-Zidovudine?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo futhi sekudlule amahora angaphansi kuka-12 kusukela ngesikhathi sakho esihleliwe, thatha umthamo owuphuthelwe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula. Bese uqhubeka nohlelo lwakho olujwayelekile lokuthatha imithi.

Uma sekudlule amahora angaphezu kuka-12 noma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, weqa umthamo owuphuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Ungathathi imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo owuphuthelwe.

Ukuphuthelwa imithamo ngezikhathi ezithile akulungile, kodwa ungakuvumeli ukukucindezele kakhulu. Gxila ekubuyeleni emkhondweni ngohlelo lwakho olujwayelekile futhi ucabange ukusetha izikhumbuzi ukusiza ekuvikeleni imithamo ephuthelwe esikhathini esizayo.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Lamivudine kanye ne-Zidovudine?

Ukwelashwa kwe-HIV kuvamile ukuthi kube yimpilo yonke, ngakho akufanele uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngayo nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukuyeka ukwelashwa kungabangela ukuthi umthwalo wakho wegciwane ukwande ngokushesha futhi kulimaze amasosha akho omzimba.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukushintshela kweminye imithi ye-HIV ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa lokhu kufanele kwenziwe njengengxenye yoshintsho oluhleliwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqhubeka kokuvikela igciwane.

Noma ngabe uzizwa uphilile ngokuphelele futhi umthwalo wakho wegciwane awutholakali, ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa kubalulekile ukugcina impilo yakho futhi kuvimbele igciwane ukuthi lingaphinde lisebenze.

Ngingakwazi Ukuphuza Utywala Ngenkathi Ngithatha I-Lamivudine kanye ne-Zidovudine?

Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala okulinganiselwe ngokuvamile kulungile kubantu abaningi abathatha lo muthi, kodwa kungcono ukuxoxa ngokusebenzisa kwakho utshwala nodokotela wakho. Ukuphuza ngokweqile kungathinta isibindi sakho kanye nesistimu yokuzivikela komzimba, okungase kuphazamise ukwelashwa kwakho i-HIV.

Uma une-hepatitis B noma C kanye ne-HIV, kungase kudingeke ukuthi uqaphele kakhulu ngokuphuza utshwala. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza isiqondiso esiqondene nawe ngokusekelwe esithombeni sakho esiphelele sempilo.

Khumbula ukuthi utshwala bungathinta nokwahlulela kwakho futhi kwenze kube lula ukukhohlwa imithamo noma ukuzibandakanya ezenzweni eziyingozi, ngakho ukulinganisela kuhlale kuwukuhlakanipha lapho uphatha noma yisiphi isimo sempilo esingelapheki.