Yini i-Lamivudine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Lamivudine iyimithi elwa namagciwane esiza ukulawula i-hepatitis B engamahlalakhona kanye nezifo ze-HIV. Ingaphansi kohlu lwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, asebenza ngokunciphisa ukuzala kwalawa magciwane emzimbeni wakho.

Le mithi isisize abantu ukuthi balawule lezi zimo ezingathi sína iminyaka engaphezu kwengamashumi amabili. Nakuba ingazelaphi lezi zifo, ingathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lempilo yakho futhi isize ekuvikeleni izinkinga uma isetshenziswa njengengxenye yohlelo lokwelapha olubanzi.

Yini i-Lamivudine?

I-Lamivudine iyidakamizwa elenziwe ngamachiza elilwa namagciwane elilingisa elinye lamabhuloki okwakha umzimba wakho owusebenzisela ukwenza i-DNA. Uma amagciwane afana ne-hepatitis B noma i-HIV ezama ukuzala, ngengozi asebenzisa i-lamivudine esikhundleni sebhulokhi lokwakha langempela, okubavimbela ekwenzeni amakhophi awo ngempumelelo.

Cabanga ngakho njengokunikeza igciwane ucezu lwephazili olungalungile - alikwazi ukuqeda inqubo yalo yokuzala kahle. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa inani legciwane emgudwini wakho wegazi futhi kunikeze amasosha akho omzimba ithuba elingcono lokuhlala eqinile.

Umuthi uza ngesimo samaphilisi kanye noketshezi, okwenza ukuthi utholakale kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezidinga ukwelashwa. Kuye kwahlolisiswa kabanzi futhi ineprofayili yokuphepha esungulwe kahle uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele.

Isetshenziselwani i-Lamivudine?

I-Lamivudine iphatha izimo ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukutheleleka nge-hepatitis B engamahlalakhona kanye nokutheleleka nge-HIV. Nge-hepatitis B, ivame ukusetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kokuqala ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwesibindi nokuvimbela ukulimala kwesibindi kwesikhathi eside.

Ekwelashweni kwe-HIV, i-lamivudine ihlala ihlanganiswa neminye imithi ye-HIV - ayikaze isetshenziswe yodwa. Le ndlela yokuhlanganisa, ebizwa ngokuthi i-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), iguqule i-HIV isuka ekuxilongweni okubulalayo yaba yisimo esingamahlalakhona esilawulekayo kubantu abaningi.

Udktela wakho angase futhi akubhalele i-lamivudine uma une-hepatitis B kanye nezifo ze-HIV ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kutheleleka okubili kudinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela, kodwa i-lamivudine ingasiza ekuphatheni zombili izimo ngempumelelo uma isetshenziswa njengengxenye yohlelo lokwelapha olubanzi.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Lamivudine?

I-Lamivudine isebenza ngokugxambukela ngendlela amagciwane azala ngayo ngaphakathi kwamaseli akho. Lapho i-hepatitis B noma i-HIV izama ukwenza amakhophi ezinto zayo zofuzo, i-lamivudine ifakwa ku-DNA entsha yegciwane, okwenza inqubo yokukopisha imise ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengonamandla ngokulinganisela uma uqhathaniswa neminye imithi emisha elwa namagciwane. Ngenkathi isebenza, abanye abantu bangase bakhe ukumelana ne-lamivudine ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma beyithatha iminyaka eminingi.

Umuthi awaliqedi ngokuphelele igciwane emzimbeni wakho, kodwa unciphisa kakhulu umthwalo wegciwane - inani legciwane elitholakala egazini lakho. Ukuncipha komthwalo wegciwane kusho ukulimala okuncane esibindini sakho noma ohlelweni lwakho lomzimba lokuzivikela futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokudlulisa ukutheleleka kwabanye.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Lamivudine?

Thatha i-lamivudine ngendlela udokotela wakho ayikunikeza ngayo, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kokudla. Umuthi umunca kahle kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udla nini, ngakho-ke ungawuthatha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi esisebenzela kangcono isimiso sakho.

Ukuqina kubalulekile - zama ukuthatha umthamo wakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho. Uma uthatha uhlobo oluwuketshezi, sebenzisa idivayisi yokulinganisa eza nebhodlela ukuze uqinisekise ukulinganisa okunembile.

Ungathatha i-lamivudine ngamanzi, ijusi, noma ubisi - noma yini oyithandayo. Abanye abantu bakuthola kulula ukukhumbula uma bekuxhumanisa nesimiso sansuku zonke njengokuxubha amazinyo abo noma ukudla kwasekuseni.

Ungagxobi noma uhlafune amaphilisi ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ngqo ukuthi wenze njalo. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, buza usokhemisi wakho mayelana nokwakheka okuyiwuketshezi, okungase kube lula ukukuthatha.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Lamivudine?

Isikhathi sokwelashwa nge-lamivudine sincike esimweni sakho esithile nokuthi usabela kanjani emuthini. Nge-hepatitis B, ungase udinge ukuyithatha iminyaka eminingi noma mhlawumbe unomphela ukuze ugcine igciwane licindezelwe.

Uma uthatha i-lamivudine ye-HIV, ngokuvamile kungumuthi wokuphila konke njengengxenye yohlelo lwakho oluqhubekayo lokwelashwa kwe-HIV. Ukuyeka imithi ye-HIV kungaholela ekubuyeni okusheshayo kwegciwane kanye nentuthuko engaba khona yokumelana nemithi.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile futhi angase alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngokusekelwe emthwalweni wakho wegciwane, ukusebenza kwesibindi, nempilo yonke. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-lamivudine ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngayo nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Abanye abantu abane-hepatitis B bangase bakwazi ukuyeka ukwelashwa ngemva kweminyaka eminingi uma umthwalo wabo wegciwane ungatholakali futhi uhlala ngaleyo ndlela. Nokho, lesi sinqumo sidinga ukugadwa kwezokwelapha okucophelelayo nokuqapha njalo.

Yiziphi Izimo Ezingezinhle Ze-Lamivudine?

Abantu abaningi bayayibekezelela kahle i-lamivudine, kodwa njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile uma umuthi usetshenziswa ngendlela efanele.

Ake siqale ngemiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole, evame ukuba mnene futhi ilawuleke:

• Ikhanda nokukhathala
• Isicanucanu nokungakhululeki kwesisu
• Ukuqunjelwa noma izitulo ezixekile
• Isiyezi
• Ukulala kanzima
• Ukuminyana kwamakhala
• Ukulimala kwemisipha

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala. Uma ziqhubeka noma ziba yisicefe, udokotela wakho angase ancome izindlela zokuzilawula.

Manje, ake sixoxe ngemiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa engathi sína edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obuhambisana nesicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ukukhathala okungavamile noma ubuthakathaka
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo
• Umchamo omnyama noma izitulo eziphaphathekayo
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile
• Ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okukhulu noma ukusabela komzimba okungalungile

Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise izinkinga ezinzima njenge-lactic acidosis noma izinkinga zesibindi, ezidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Nakuba kungavamile, lezi zimo zingaba zimbi uma zingalungiswa ngokushesha.

Kukhona nemiphumela emibi ethile engavamile kodwa ebalulekile okufanele uyazi, ikakhulukazi uma uthatha i-lamivudine isikhathi eside:

• I-Pancreatitis (ukuqubuka kwamanyikwe)
• I-Peripheral neuropathy (ukulimala kwemizwa okubangela ukuba ndikindiki noma ukuzwa ukuluma)
• Ushintsho ekusabalalisweni kwamafutha omzimba
• Izinkinga zamathambo noma ukwehla kwamathambo
• Ushintsho ekusebenzeni kwezinso

Ukuqapha njalo ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi nokuhlolwa kuzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi abone noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona kusenesikhathi. Abantu abaningi abathatha i-lamivudine ababi nemiphumela emibi, kodwa ukuhlala uqaphile ezingeni ozizwa ngalo kubalulekile.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha I-Lamivudine?

I-Lamivudine ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi kunezimo eziningana lapho udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Abantu abaziwa ukuthi banezinto ezingezwani ne-lamivudine noma yiziphi izithako zayo kufanele bagweme lo muthi ngokuphelele.

Uma unesifo esibi sezinso, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukulungisa umthamo wakho kakhulu noma acabangele ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. I-Lamivudine icutshungulwa ngezinso zakho, ngakho ukuncipha kokusebenza kwezinso kungaholela ekwakhekeni komuthi emzimbeni wakho.

Nawa amanye amazwi adinga ukuqapha okukhethekile noma angase enze i-lamivudine ingafaneleki kuwe:

• Isifo sesibindi esibi kakhulu noma ukuhluleka kwesibindi
• Umlando we-pancreatitis
• Ukukhubazeka okukhulu kwezinso
• Ukuphendula komzimba okwedlule emithini efanayo
• Ukwahluka okuthile kwezakhi zofuzo okuthinta ukumuncwa kwemithi

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa kufuna ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile, nakuba i-lamivudine ingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha ezimweni eziningi ngaphansi kokuqondiswa okufanele kwezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzoqondanisa izinzuzo nezingozi ezingase zibe khona kuwe nomntwana wakho.

Izingane zingathatha i-lamivudine, kodwa ukulinganisa umthamo kudingeka kubalwe ngokucophelela ngokuya ngesisindo sabo nobudala babo. Ukuqapha njalo kubaluleke kakhulu ezigulini ezincane ukuqinisekisa ukukhula nentuthuko efanele.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Lamivudine

I-Lamivudine itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, kuye ngokuthi isetshenziselwa ini nokwakheka kwayo. Ukuze kulashwe i-hepatitis B, ungase uyibone ithengiswa njenge-Epivir-HBV, equkethe umthamo ophansi oklanyelwe ngqo ukuphathwa kwe-hepatitis B.

Ukuze kulashwe i-HIV, igama lomkhiqizo elithi Epivir liqukethe umthamo ophezulu futhi livame ukuhlanganiswa neminye imithi ye-HIV. Ungase futhi uthole i-lamivudine njengengxenye yamaphilisi ahlanganisiwe afana ne-Combivir (i-lamivudine kanye ne-zidovudine) noma i-Trizivir (inhlanganisela yemithi emithathu).

Izinhlobo ze-generic ze-lamivudine zitholakala kabanzi futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinhlobo zegama lomkhiqizo. Umuthi wakho wezidakamizwa angakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olutholayo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi uthola amandla afanele esimweni sakho.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Lamivudine

Imithi eminingi ehlukile ingelapha izifo ze-hepatitis B kanye ne-HIV uma i-lamivudine ingakulungele noma uma uthola ukumelana nayo. Ukuze kulashwe i-hepatitis B, imithi emisha efana ne-tenofovir ne-entecavir ivame ukukhethwa njengokwelashwa kokuqala ngoba inengozi ephansi yokumelana.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-hepatitis B zihlanganisa i-adefovir, i-telbivudine, kanye ne-pegylated interferon, ngalinye linenzuzo yalo kanye nezinto okufanele zicatshangelwe. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile, okuhlanganisa ukulayishwa kwakho ngegciwane, ukusebenza kwesibindi, kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zempilo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-HIV, kunezindlela eziningi zanamuhla ezihlanganisa amakilasi amasha emithi afana nama-integrase inhibitors kanye nezinhlobo ezintsha zama-reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Le mithi emisha ivame ukuba nemiphumela emincane futhi idinga ukulinganiswa okungavamile.

Isinqumo sokushintsha imithi kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi nodokotela wakho, ongase aqinisekise ukuthi ukwelashwa okusha kuzosebenza futhi kuphephe esimweni sakho esithile.

Ingabe i-Lamivudine Ingcono Kune-Tenofovir?

Kokubili i-lamivudine ne-tenofovir ziyimithi elwa namagciwane esebenzayo, kodwa zinamandla ahlukene kanye nezinto okufanele zicatshangelwe. I-Tenofovir ngokuvamile ithathwa njengeqina kune-hepatitis B futhi inengozi ephansi kakhulu yokuthuthukisa ukumelana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-Lamivudine isetshenziswe isikhathi eside futhi inesithombe sokuphepha esisunguliwe, okuyenza ibe yindlela enhle kubantu abangakwazi ukubekezelela imithi emisha. Ivamise futhi ukuba ibize kancane kune-tenofovir, okungaba kubalulekile ekwelashweni kwesikhathi eside.

Nokho, iphrofayili yokumelana ne-tenofovir eyinhloko yenza ibe ukwelashwa okukhethwayo komugqa wokuqala kubantu abaningi abane-hepatitis B. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi bambalwa kakhulu abantu abathuthukisa ukumelana ne-tenofovir ngisho nangemva kweminyaka yokwelashwa.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwale mithi kuncike ezimweni zakho ngazinye, okuhlanganisa ukusebenza kwezinso zakho, impilo yamathambo, izindleko okufanele zicatshangelwe, kanye nomlando wokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi ulinganise lezi zinto ukuze unqume ukuthi iyiphi imithi engcono kuwe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Lamivudine

Ingabe i-Lamivudine iphephile kubantu abanezifo zezinso?

I-Lamivudine ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanezifo zezinso, kodwa umthamo udinga ukulungiswa ngokucophelela ngokusekelwe ekutheni izinso zakho zisebenza kahle kangakanani. Udokotela wakho uzobala umthamo olungile kuwe esebenzisa izivivinyo zakho zokusebenza kwezinso.

Abantu abanokukhubazeka kwezinso okuncane bangavame ukuthatha i-lamivudine ngokulungiswa okuncane komthamo, kanti labo abanezifo ezinzima zezinso bangase badinge imithamo encishiswe kakhulu noma imithi ehlukile. Ukuqapha njalo ukusebenza kwezinso kubalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu othatha i-lamivudine isikhathi eside.

Uma use-dialysis, udokotela wakho uzosebenza nethimba lakho le-dialysis ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi uthola imithi ngesikhathi esifanele nangomthamo ofanele. Isikhathi somthamo wakho we-lamivudine ngokuqondene nezingxenyeni zakho ze-dialysis sibalulekile ekugcineni amazinga asebenzayo ohlelweni lwakho.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithatha I-Lamivudine Eningi Ngengozi?

Uma uthathe i-lamivudine eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, ungesabi, kodwa xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha i-lamivudine eningi kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nobuhlungu besisu.

Akukho umuthi oqondile wokweqisa we-lamivudine, kodwa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angakuqapha ngezimpawu futhi anikeze ukunakekelwa okusekelayo uma kudingeka. Abantu abaningi abathatha ngengozi imithamo eyengeziwe ababi nazinkinga ezinzima.

Bhala phansi ukuthi uthathe malini ngqo nokuthi nini, ngoba lolu lwazi luzosiza umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuthi anqume inkambo engcono kakhulu yesenzo. Ungazami ukuthi "ulungise" ukweqisa ngokweqa umthamo wakho olandelayo ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngqo ngudokotela wakho.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Lamivudine?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-lamivudine, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Kuleso simo, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe futhi uqhubeke neshejuli yakho evamile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ongekho, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha i-alamu yansuku zonke noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukuthi ukhumbule.

Ukuphuthelwa imithamo ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuvamile akuyona ingozi, kodwa ukuphuthelwa imithamo njalo kungaholela ekwehlulekeni kokwelashwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokumelana nemithi. Uma unenkinga yokukhumbula ukuthatha imithi yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngamasu angase akusize.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Lamivudine?

Isinqumo sokuyeka i-lamivudine sincike esimweni sakho esithile kanye nokuphendula kokwelashwa. Nge-HIV, i-lamivudine ngokuvamile iyimithi yokuphila konke, futhi ukuyeka kungaholela ekubuyeni okusheshayo kwamagciwane kanye nezinkinga zempilo ezingaba khona.

Nge-hepatitis B, abanye abantu bangase bakwazi ukuyeka ukwelashwa ngemva kweminyaka eminingana uma umthwalo wabo wamagciwane ungatholakali futhi umsebenzi wabo wesibindi ujwayeleka. Nokho, lokhu kudinga ukugadwa ngokucophelela kwezokwelapha kanye nokuqapha njalo.

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-lamivudine ngokwakho, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono. Izifo zamagciwane zingavela ngokushesha uma ukwelashwa kuyekwa, okungase kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi unqume isikhathi esifanele sokucabangela ukuyeka ukwelashwa, uma kufanelekile.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Lamivudine?

Nakuba kungekho ukusebenzisana okuqondile phakathi kwe-lamivudine notshwala, ukuphuza utshwala akukhuthazwa uma une-hepatitis B noma i-HIV. Utshwala bungase luqhubeke lonakalise isibindi kubantu abane-hepatitis B futhi bungase buthakathise amasosha akho omzimba uma une-HIV.

Uma ukhetha ukuphuza ngezikhathi ezithile, yenza kanjalo ngokulinganisela futhi uxoxe ngalokhu nodokotela wakho. Bangakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi utshwala bungase busithinte kanjani isimo sakho esithile kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa.

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi utshwala bunyusa imiphumela emibi efana nesicanucanu noma ukukhathala ngenkathi bethatha i-lamivudine. Qaphela ukuthi uzizwa kanjani futhi cabangela ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda utshwala uma uqaphela ukuthi kukwenza uzizwe ngcono.