Yini i-Lasmiditan: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Lasmiditan iyimithi entsha kadokotela eyenzelwe ngqo ukwelapha ikhanda le-migraine kubantu abadala. Ingaphansi kohlobo lwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-selective serotonin receptor agonists, asebenza ngendlela ehlukile emithini yendabuko ye-migraine ngokugxila kuma-receptors athile obuchopho abambe iqhaza ebuhlungwini be-migraine.

Le mithi inikeza ithemba kubantu abangatholanga ukukhululeka ngeminye imithi ye-migraine noma abangakwazi ukuthatha imithi ethile ye-migraine ngenxa yezifo zenhliziyo. Ukuqonda ukuthi i-lasmiditan isebenza kanjani nokuthi yini ongayilindela kungakusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwe-migraine yakho.

Yini i-Lasmiditan?

I-Lasmiditan iyimithi kadokotela elapha ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kwe-migraine okune-aura noma ngaphandle kwayo kubantu abadala. Ngokungafani neminye imithi ye-migraine endala, ayithinti imithambo yegazi enhliziyweni yakho, okwenza kube yindlela ephephe kakhulu kubantu abanezifo ezithile zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Lo muthi usebenza ngokwenza ama-serotonin receptors athile ebuchosheni bakho abizwa ngokuthi ama-5-HT1F receptors. Lawa ma-receptors adlala indima ebalulekile ezindleleni zobuhlungu be-migraine. Uma i-lasmiditan ibopha kula ma-receptors, isiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nezimpawu zobuhlungu ezidala izimpawu zakho ze-migraine.

Ungase wazi i-lasmiditan ngegama layo lomkhiqizo, i-Reyvow. Yavunywa yi-FDA ngo-2019 njengomuthi wokuqala ohlwini lwayo, okumele intuthuko enkulu ezinkethweni zokwelashwa kwe-migraine.

Yini i-Lasmiditan Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Lasmiditan isetshenziselwa ngokuqondile ukwelapha ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kwe-migraine kubantu abadala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi yakhelwe ukumisa i-migraine esiqalile kakade, kunokuvimbela ukuthi ama-migraine azayo angenzeki.

Udokotela wakho angase akubhalele i-lasmiditan uma uhlangabezana nekhanda le-migraine eliphakathi nendawo kuya kolukhuni eliphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Ingasiza ngobuhlungu bekhanda obubuhlungu, isicanucanu, nokuzwela ekukhanyeni nasezwini okuvame ukuhambisana nama-migraine.

Lo muthi ubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, noma ezinye izimo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezenza imithi ye-triptan yendabuko ingaphephile. Futhi iyindlela yokwelapha uma uzamile ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-migraine ngaphandle kwempumelelo noma uhlangabezane nemiphumela emibi.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Lasmiditan?

I-Lasmiditan isebenza ngokugxila kuma-receptors athile e-serotonin ebuchosheni bakho abizwa ngokuthi ama-receptors e-5-HT1F. Lapho i-migraine iqala, izindlela ezithile zobuhlungu ziba nomsebenzi owedlulele, zithumela izimpawu zobuhlungu obukhulu ekhanda lakho lonke futhi zibangele ezinye izimpawu ezinjengokucasuka.

Ngokubopha kula ma-receptors, i-lasmiditan isiza ukuthulisa izindlela zemizwa ezinomsebenzi owedlulele ezidala ubuhlungu be-migraine. Futhi inciphisa ukuvuvukala ezicutshini zobuchopho ezifaka isandla ezimpawini ze-migraine. Le ndlela eqondiwe isiza ukuphazamisa inqubo ye-migraine uma isiqalile.

Lo muthi ubhekwa njengomuthi onamandla ngokulinganiselwe futhi ngokuvamile uqala ukusebenza kungakapheli amahora amabili ngemva kokuwuthatha. Ngokungafani neminye imithi ye-migraine enciphisa imithambo yegazi, i-lasmiditan ayithinti kakhulu uhlelo lwakho lwe-cardiovascular, okwenza iphephe kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Lasmiditan?

Thatha i-lasmiditan ngendlela udokotela wakho ayichaza ngayo, ngokuvamile njengomthamo owodwa lapho uzwa i-migraine iqala. Ungayithatha nokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, nakuba ukuyithatha nokudla kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesisu uma uhlangabezana nokucasuka.

Gwinya ithebhulethi yonke ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele. Ungayichobozi, uyihlukanise, noma uyihlafune ithebhulethi, njengoba lokhu kungathinta indlela umuthi oyamukelwa ngayo. Umthamo ovamile wokuqala yi-50mg, nakuba udokotela wakho engase akuchaze i-100mg uma kudingeka.

Kubalulekile ukuthatha i-lasmiditan ngokushesha nje lapho uqaphela izimpawu ze-migraine ziqala. Umuthi usebenza kahle kakhulu uma uthathwa ekuqaleni kwenqubo ye-migraine, ngaphambi kokuba ubuhlungu bube bukhulu. Uma i-migraine yakho ingathuthuki ngemva kwamahora amabili, ungalithathi umthamo wesibili ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Lasmiditan?

I-Lasmiditan yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana ukwelapha ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine ngakunye, hhayi ukuvimbela kwansuku zonke isikhathi eside. Kufanele uyithathe kuphela uma uhlangabezana ne-migraine yangempela, hhayi njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela.

Umuthi ngokuvamile unikeza ukukhululeka kungakapheli amahora amabili, futhi imiphumela yawo ingahlala kuze kube amahora angama-24. Akufanele uthathe umthamo owodwa ngaphezu kwalowo phakathi namahora angama-24 ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngqo ngudokotela wakho. Ukuyithatha kaningi kungaholela ekhanda elibangelwa ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile komuthi.

Uma uzithola udinga i-lasmiditan izinsuku ezingaphezu kweziyi-10 ngenyanga, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa kwe-migraine okuvikelayo. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwemithi ye-migraine ebukhali ngezinye izikhathi kungenza ikhanda libe libi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa njengoba kuqondisiwe.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Lasmiditan?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-lasmiditan ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ngokuvamile imnene futhi yesikhashana, inyamalala njengoba umuthi usuka emzimbeni wakho.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ebikwa njalo ongase uyithole:

• Isiyezi noma ukuzizwa unovalo
• Ukozela noma ukukhathala
• Isicanucanu noma ukungakhululeki kwesisu
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukuzizwa ungaqinile
• Ukuzwa ukuluma noma ukuba ndikindiki ezandleni noma ezinyaweni
• Umlomo owomile
• Ukuzizwa ungaxhumekile noma "unesikhala"

Lezi zimo ezivamile ezibangelwa imithi zivame ukuthuthuka emahoreni ambalwa njengoba umzimba wakho usebenza ngemithi. Ukuphatheka kabi kwekhanda nokozela kungabonakala kakhulu, yingakho akufanele ushayele noma usebenzise imishini okungenani amahora ayisishiyagalombili ngemuva kokuthatha i-lasmiditan.

Imiphumela engavamile kodwa ebucayi edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha ihlanganisa:

• Ukuphatheka kabi kwekhanda noma ukuquleka okukhulu
• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuqina kwesifuba
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha obukhulu
• Ukudideka noma ukulahlekelwa yisikhombandlela
• Ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile njengokuqubuka, ukuluma, noma ukuvuvukala

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimo ezingathi sína, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma funa usizo lwezempilo oluphuthumayo. Nakuba kungavamile, lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukusabela okukhulu okudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha I-Lasmiditan?

I-Lasmiditan ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile zezokwelapha noma izimo zenza kungaphephile ukuyisebenzisa. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyalela le mithi.

Akufanele uthathe i-lasmiditan uma unesifo esibi sesibindi, njengoba umzimba wakho ungase ungakwazi ukusebenzisa imithi kahle. Abantu abanomlando wokushaywa unhlangothi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma ezinye izimo ezingathi sína zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kufanele futhi bagweme le mithi.

Nawa amakhondishini amakhulu nezimo lapho i-lasmiditan inganconwa khona:

• Isifo esibi sesibindi noma ukwehluleka kwesibindi
• Ukushaywa unhlangothi kwangaphambilini noma ukuhlaselwa yi-ischemic transient (TIA)
• Umlando wokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma izinkinga ezinkulu zesigqi senhliziyo
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongagadiwe
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukuncelisa
• Iminyaka engaphansi kwengu-18
• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo ne-lasmiditan noma izithako zayo

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele uqaphele uma unezinkinga zezinso, usebenzisa imithi ethile yokucindezeleka, noma unomlando wokusebenzisa izidakamizwa. Imiphumela yokuthulisa ye-lasmiditan ingathuthukiswa utshwala noma ezinye izinto ezicindezela isimiso sezinzwa esiphakathi, ngakho gwema lezi zinhlanganisela.

Igama Lomkhiqizo le-Lasmiditan

I-Lasmiditan ithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Reyvow e-United States. Lo muthi wegama lomkhiqizo ukhiqizwa yi-Eli Lilly and Company futhi waqala ukugunyazwa yi-FDA ngo-Okthoba 2019.

I-Reyvow itholakala ngamandla amabili: amaphilisi angu-50mg kanye nama-100mg. Zombili lezi zinhlobo ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo, i-lasmiditan, kodwa ngamanani ahlukene ukuvumela ukulinganisa komuntu siqu okusekelwe ezidingweni zakho ezithile kanye nokuphendula ekwelashweni.

Njengamanje, azikho izinhlobo ezivamile ze-lasmiditan ezitholakalayo, njengoba umuthi usavikelwe ngamalungelo obunikazi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-Reyvow iyona kuphela uhlobo olutholakalayo, okungenza ibize kakhulu kunezindlela zokwelapha i-migraine ezindala ezinokunye okuhlukile okujwayelekile.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Lasmiditan

Uma i-lasmiditan ingakulungele noma inganikezi ukukhululeka okwanele, ezinye izinketho zokwelapha i-migraine ziyatholakala. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uthole enye indlela engcono kakhulu esekelwe emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha othile nezidingo zakho.

Imithi ye-triptan yendabuko efana ne-sumatriptan (Imitrex), i-rizatriptan (Maxalt), kanye ne-zolmitriptan (Zomig) ivame ukuzanywa kuqala. Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni futhi isebenza kubantu abaningi, nakuba ingafaneleki kulabo abanezimo zenhliziyo.

Nawa amakhathalogi amakhulu ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-migraine:

• Ama-Triptans (sumatriptan, rizatriptan, eletriptan)
• Ama-CGRP receptor antagonists (ubrogepant, rimegepant)
• Ama-Ergot alkaloids (dihydroergotamine)
• Imithi elwa nesicanucanu (metoclopramide, ondansetron)
• Izidambisi zokucasuka (ibuprofen, naproxen, acetaminophen)
• Imithi ehlanganisiwe (sumatriptanaproxen)

Izinketho ezintsha ezifana ne-ubrogepant (Ubrelvy) kanye ne-rimegepant (Nurtec ODT) zisebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-lasmiditan ngokugxila kuma-receptors ahlukene abambe iqhaza ebuhlungwini be-migraine. Lezi zitha ze-CGRP zingase zibe ezinye izindlela ezinhle uma ungenakukwazi ukuthatha i-lasmiditan kodwa udinga inketho ephephile yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Ingabe i-Lasmiditan Ingcono Kune-Sumatriptan?

Kokubili i-lasmiditan ne-sumatriptan ziyizindlela zokwelapha i-migraine ezisebenzayo, kodwa zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi zinezinzuzo ezihlukile ngokuya ngesimo sakho somuntu ngamunye. Akukho noyedwa 'ongcono' kunomunye, njengoba ukukhetha okungcono kuncike kuphrofayili yakho ethile yezokwelapha nokuphendula ekwelashweni.

I-Sumatriptan itholakale isikhathi eside futhi inocwaningo oluningi olusekela ukusebenza kwayo. Ivame ukuzanywa kuqala ngoba itholakala ngezinhlobo eziningi (amaphilisi, imijovo, isifutho sekhala) futhi inezinhlobo ezivamile eziyenza itholakale kalula. Kodwa-ke, i-sumatriptan inganciphisa imithambo yegazi, okuyenza ingafaneleki kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo.

Inzuzo enkulu ye-Lasmiditan yiphrofayili yayo yokuphepha kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ayithinti imithambo yegazi enhliziyweni, okuyenza ibe yinketho ephephe kakhulu uma unezifo zenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, noma ezinye izingozi zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Kungase futhi kubangele ikhanda elincane lokubuyela emuva uma lisetshenziswa njalo.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwale mithi kuvame ukwehla kuphrofayili yakho yezempilo ethile. Uma unezifo zenhliziyo, i-lasmiditan ingase ibe yinketho engcono. Uma ungenazo izinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi futhi izindleko ziyisici, i-sumatriptan ingase isebenze.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Lasmiditan

Ingabe i-Lasmiditan Iphephile Kubantu Abanezifo Zenhliziyo?

Yebo, i-lasmiditan ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengephephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo uma iqhathaniswa nemithi yendabuko ye-migraine efana ne-triptans. Ngokungafani nama-triptans, i-lasmiditan ayinciphisi kakhulu imithambo yegazi enhliziyweni, okunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Noma kunjalo, kufanele uxoxe ngesimo sakho senhliziyo esithile nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala i-lasmiditan. Ngenkathi iphephe kakhulu ezigulini eziningi zenhliziyo, ezinye izimo ezinzima zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi zingase zisenze ingafaneleki. Udokotela wakho uzohlola izici zakho eziyingozi futhi anqume ukuthi i-lasmiditan ifanele yini isimo sakho.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngisebenzisa I-Lasmiditan Engaphezu Kakhulu Ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-lasmiditan eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha okuningi kungandisa ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi engathi sína efana nesiyezi esikhulu, ukozela okukhulu, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Ungazami ukuzishayela ukuze uthole usizo, njengoba umuthi ungabangela ukozela nesiyezi esikhulu. Cela omunye umuntu akushayelele egumbini eliphuthumayo uma kunconywe umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Letha ibhodlela lomuthi nawe ukuze abasebenzi bezokwelapha bakwazi ukubona kahle ukuthi uthathe ini nokuthi uthathe okungakanani.

Izimpawu zokweqisa zingabandakanya ukukhathala okukhulu, ukudideka, ubunzima bokuhlala uvukile, noma izinkinga zokuxhumana. Noma ngabe uzizwa ulungile ekuqaleni, kubalulekile ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, njengoba eminye imiphumela ingase ingaveli ngokushesha.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Lasmiditan?

I-Lasmiditan ithathwa kuphela uma une-migraine, hhayi esimisweni esivamile, ngakho-ke awukwazi ngempela "ukuphuthelwa" umthamo ngomqondo wendabuko. Uma uhlangabezana ne-migraine futhi ukhumbula ukuthi une-lasmiditan etholakalayo, ungalithatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula.

Noma kunjalo, uma ekuqaleni unqume ukungayithathi i-lasmiditan ye-migraine futhi ikhanda manje lithuthuka ngokwalo, ungase ungadingi ukuyithatha futhi. Umuthi usebenza kahle kakhulu uma uthathwa ekuqaleni kokuhlaselwa kwe-migraine, ngakho-ke kungase kungasebenzi kahle uma uthathwa ngemva kwamahora ubuhlungu buqale.

Uma ungaqinisekile ukuthi uzothatha yini i-lasmiditan ngokuqanjwa ikhanda okuthathe isikhathi eside, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole isiqondiso. Bangakusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi kusafanele yini ukuyithatha noma ngabe ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingase zifaneleke ngaleso sikhathi.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Lasmiditan?

Ungayeka ukuthatha i-lasmiditan nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, njengoba kungewona umuthi odinga ukuyekiswa kancane kancane. Njengoba isetshenziselwa kuphela ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine ngakunye kunokuvimbela kwansuku zonke, akukho ngozi yezimpawu zokuhoxisa uma uyeka.

Ungase ukhethe ukuyeka ukusebenzisa i-lasmiditan uma uthola ukuthi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zisebenza kahle kakhulu, uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela engathandeki, noma uma ama-migraines akho eba mancane noma abe mabi kakhulu. Abanye abantu bayayeka futhi lapho beqala ukwelashwa kwe-migraine okuvimbayo okunciphisa isidingo sabo semithi ebukhali.

Ngaphambi kokuyeka, xoxa ngesinqumo sakho nodokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi uma i-lasmiditan ibilokhu isiza ama-migraines akho. Bangasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi unezinketho zokwelapha ezingezinye ezitholakalayo futhi bangase baphakamise ezinye izindlela zokuphatha isimo sakho se-migraine.

Ngingayithatha i-Lasmiditan neminye imithi?

I-Lasmiditan ingasebenzisana nemithi ethile, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi kadokotela, imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwe-oda, kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo. Ezinye izinhlanganisela zingakhuphula imiphumela emibi noma zinciphise ukusebenza kahle.

Umuthi ungathuthukisa imiphumela yokuthulisa yotshwala, amaphilisi okulala, imithi yokukhathazeka, kanye neminye imithi yokucindezeleka. Le nhlanganisela ingakwenza ukozela kakhulu noma uzizwe unesiyezi, okwandisa ingozi yakho yokuwa noma izingozi. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukugwema lezi zinhlanganisela noma ukulungisa imithamo.

Njalo hlola nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala imithi emisha ngenkathi usebenzisa i-lasmiditan. Bangabuyekeza ukusebenzisana okungenzeka futhi bakusize ukuthi uphathe ngokuphepha zonke izindlela zakho zokwelapha. Gcina uhlu olusha lwazo zonke izindlela zakho zokwelapha ukuze wabelane nganoma yimuphi umhlinzeki wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ombonayo.