Yini i-Lesinurad: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Lesinurad iyimithi kadokotela eyenzelwe ngqo ukusiza abantu abanegout ukulawula amazinga abo e-uric acid. Isebenza ngokuvimba amaprotheni athile ezinso zakho avame ukumunca i-uric acid, okuvumela ukuthi enye yayo iqedwe ngomchamo wakho. Le ndlela eqondiswe ngqo isiza ekuvikeleni ukwakheka kwamakristalu okubuhlungu emalungeni okuyinto ebonisa ukuhlaselwa yi-gout.

Yini i-Lesinurad?

I-Lesinurad ingeyodwa yeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-uric acid transporter inhibitors. Cabanga ngayo njengomgcini wesango osizayo ezinso zakho okhuthaza umzimba wakho ukuthi uqede i-uric acid engaphezu kwemithamo ejwayelekile kunokuthi uyigcine. Le mithi yenzelwe ngqo abantu abazimba zabo zikhiqiza i-uric acid eningi kakhulu noma abanobunzima bokuyiqeda ngempumelelo.

Le mithi ihlale inikezwa kanye nenye imithi ye-gout ebizwa ngokuthi i-xanthine oxidase inhibitor, njenge-allopurinol noma i-febuxostat. I-Lesinurad ayisebenzi yodwa ngoba idinga umuthi ozosebenza nawo ukuze isebenze kahle. Udokotela wakho uzoqondanisa le mithi ngokucophelela ukuze akunikeze ukulawula okungcono kakhulu amazinga akho e-uric acid.

Isetshenziselwani i-Lesinurad?

I-Lesinurad inikezwa ukwelapha i-gout kubantu abadala abamazinga abo e-uric acid ahlala ephezulu kakhulu naphezu kokuthatha eminye imithi ye-gout. Yenzelwe ngqo abantu abangazange bawafinyelele amazinga abo e-uric acid abawahlosile ngemithi ejwayelekile kuphela. Udokotela wakho angase akuncomele i-lesinurad uma ubuthatha imithi efana ne-allopurinol kodwa amazinga akho e-uric acid asenamathuba okuba ngaphezu kwebanga elinempilo.

Umuthi ulusizo ikakhulukazi kubantu odokotela ababiza ngokuthi "i-gout engamelani" - okusho i-gout engasabeli kahle ekwelashweni okuvamile. Isetshenziswa futhi lapho othile edinga usizo olwengeziwe ekwehliseni amazinga abo e-uric acid ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kwe-gout okuzayo. Umgomo uwukugcina i-uric acid yakho ingaphansi kwama-milligram angu-6 ngedesilitha, okunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuqubuka okubuhlungu.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Lesinurad?

I-Lesinurad isebenza ngokuvimba amaprotheni athile ezinso zakho abizwa ngokuthi ama-transporters e-URAT1 kanye ne-OAT4. Lawa maprotheni ngokuvamile asebenza njengezikhungo zokugaywa kabusha, adonsa i-uric acid ibuyele emgudwini wakho wegazi esikhundleni sokuyeka iphume ngomchamo wakho. Ngokuvimba la ma-transporters, i-lesinurad ivumela izinso zakho ukuthi ziqede i-uric acid eningi kakhulu kunalokho ezingakwenza ngokuvamile.

Lo muthi ubhekwa njengonamandla ngokulinganisela ekusebenzeni kwawo. Unganciphisa amazinga e-uric acid ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-20-30% uma isetshenziswa neminye imithi ye-gout. Indlela yokuhlanganisa inamandla kakhulu kunokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi ngawodwa, yingakho udokotela wakho ezohlala ewubhala kanye nokwelashwa okunye kwe-gout.

Umuthi uqala ukusebenza kungakapheli amahora ambalwa ngemva kokuwuthatha, kodwa uzodinga ukuwuthatha njalo amasonto amaningana ukuze ubone izinguquko ezinengqondo emazingeni akho e-uric acid. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho ngezivivinyo zegazi ezivamile ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi umuthi usebenza ngempumelelo kuwe.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Lesinurad?

Thatha i-lesinurad ngendlela udokotela wakho ayichaza ngayo, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku ekuseni ngokudla. Ukuyithatha ngokudla kusiza umzimba wakho ukuba umunce umuthi kangcono futhi kunciphisa ithuba lokucasuka kwesisu. Ungayithatha nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokudla, kodwa ukuba nokuthile esiswini sakho kubalulekile ukuze kumuncwe kahle.

Gwinya ithebhulethi yonke ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele. Ungayichobozi, uhlafune, noma uyiphule ithebhulethi, ngoba lokhu kungathinta indlela umuthi okhishwa ngayo emzimbeni wakho. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinye izindlela, kodwa ungayishintshi ithebhulethi ngokwakho.

Kubalulekile ukuhlala unamanzi amaningi ngenkathi uthatha i-lesinurad. Phuza okungenani izingilazi zamanzi eziyi-8 usuku lonke ukuze usize izinso zakho zisebenze i-uric acid eyengeziwe esuswayo. Ukuthatha amanzi ngokwanele futhi kusiza ekuvikeleni amatshe ezinso, okungaba yinkinga ngalo muthi.

Njalo thatha i-lesinurad neminye imithi yakho ye-gout njengoba kunqunyiwe. Ungalokothi uthathe i-lesinurad yodwa, ngoba yakhelwe ukusebenza ngokuhlangana nemithi efana ne-allopurinol noma i-febuxostat. Udokotela wakho uzoqondanisa isikhathi sokuthatha yomibili imithi ukuze kusebenze kahle.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Lesinurad?

I-Lesinurad ngokuvamile iyindlela yokwelapha yesikhathi eside yokulawula i-gout, njengoba abantu abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu noma isifo sikashukela bethatha imithi yabo ngokuqhubekayo. Abantu abaningi badinga ukuyithatha unomphela ukuze bagcine amazinga e-uric acid enempilo futhi bavimbele ukuhlaselwa kwe-gout. Udokotela wakho uzoqoka ubude obufanele ngokuya ngempendulo yakho ngamunye kanye nempilo yonke.

Kungenzeka uzoqala ukubona ngcono emazingeni akho e-uric acid kungakapheli amasonto angu-2-4 ukuqala ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kungase kuthathe izinyanga eziningana ukufeza izinga lakho le-uric acid eliqondiwe futhi uthole ukuhlaselwa kwe-gout okuncane. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile, ngokuvamile njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ekuqaleni, bese kuba njalo uma amazinga akho esezinzile.

Abanye abantu bangase bakwazi ukulungisa uhlelo lwabo lokwelashwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma amazinga akho e-uric acid ehlala ezinzile futhi ungenazo izigaba ze-gout, udokotela wakho angase acabange ukuguqula umthamo wakho noma indlela yokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, ukuyeka ngokuphelele imithi ngokuvamile kuholela emazingeni e-uric acid enyuka futhi, ngakho-ke abantu abaningi baqhubeka beyithatha isikhathi eside.

Yiziphi Izimo Ezingezinhle Zomuthi i-Lesinurad?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-lesinurad ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela eminingi emibi ithambile futhi iyalawuleka, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngale miphumela engaba khona nawe futhi akuqaphele ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi uma uqala ukuthatha umuthi.

Nawa amanye amiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ongase uyithole:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu, elithinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-10 abathatha umuthi
• Izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, okuhlanganisa ukuzizwa ukhathele noma ukuba nobuhlungu emzimbeni
• I-Gastroesophageal reflux (ukusha kwenhliziyo noma i-acid reflux)
• Ukwakheka kwamatshe ezinso, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala zokwelashwa
• Ukwenyuka kokuhlolwa komsebenzi wezinso, okuzoqashwa udokotela wakho ngomsebenzi wegazi

Le miphumela emibi ejwayelekile ivamise ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emuthini. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi nokuthatha umuthi nokudla kungasiza ekunciphiseni eminye yale miphumela.

Abanye abantu bangase bathole imiphumela emibi engathi sína kodwa engavamile edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Izinkinga ezinzima zezinso, okuhlanganisa ukulimala okukhulu kwezinso
• Izimpawu zezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, njengobuhlungu besifuba noma ukuphefumula okungavamile
• Ukuphendula okukhulu komzimba, okuhlanganisa ukuqubuka, ukuvuvukala, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Isicanucanu esiqhubekayo, ukuhlanza, noma ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Ushintsho emaphethini okuchama noma igazi emchameni

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezingathi sína, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma funa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo. Ukuphepha kwakho kuyinto eza kuqala, futhi lezi zimpawu zidinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Lesinurad?

I-Lesinurad ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyinika. Izimo ezithile zezempilo noma izimo zenza lo muthi ungaba yingozi noma ungasebenzi kahle. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela isithombe sakho sempilo esiphelele ukuze anqume ukuthi i-lesinurad ikufanele yini.

Akufanele uthathe i-lesinurad uma unezimo ezilandelayo:

• Isifo sezinso esibi noma ukwehluleka kwezinso
• Isifo sezinso esiphela ngesidingo sokuhlanza izinso
• Abamukeli bokufakelwa izinso
• I-Tumor lysis syndrome noma ezinye izimo ezibangela amazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-uric acid
• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo ne-lesinurad noma yiziphi izithako zayo

Udokotela wakho uzophinda aqaphele ngokunika i-lesinurad uma unezinkinga eziphakathi nendawo zezinso, isifo senhliziyo, noma umlando wamatshe ezinso. Lezi zimo akudingeki zikuvimbele ekuthathweni komuthi, kodwa zidinga ukuqapha okuseduze futhi mhlawumbe ukulungiswa kwemithamo.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisa ngamabele kufanele baxoxe ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wabo, njengoba ukuphepha kwe-lesinurad ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa ngamabele kungakahlolisiswa ngokugcwele. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngalezi zikhathi.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Lesinurad

I-Lesinurad itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Zurampic emazweni amaningi, okuhlanganisa ne-United States. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu ukunikezwa ngalo umuthi. Ezinye izifunda zingase zibe namagama omkhiqizo ahlukene, ngakho kubalulekile ukwazi kokubili igama elivamile (lesinurad) negama lomkhiqizo elisetshenziswa yikhemisi lakho.

Kukhona futhi umuthi ohlanganisiwe obizwa nge-Duzallo oqukethe kokubili i-lesinurad kanye ne-allopurinol kuthebhulethi eyodwa. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kungaba lula kwabanye abantu, njengoba kunciphisa inani lamaphilisi okudingeka uwathathe nsuku zonke ngenkathi uqinisekisa ukuthi uthola yomibili imithi esebenza ngokubambisana.

Njalo qiniseka ukuthi uthola umuthi ofanele ngokuhlola kokubili amagama ajwayelekile nawomkhiqizo nomuthi wakho. Uma uhamba phesheya, igama lomkhiqizo lingase lihlukile, kodwa igama elivamile lesinurad kufanele laziwe ngabahlinzeki bezempilo emhlabeni wonke.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Lesinurad

Uma i-lesinurad ingakulungele noma inganikezi imiphumela eyanele, imithi eminingi ehlukile ingasiza ekuphatheni i-gout futhi yehlise amazinga e-uric acid. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela isimo sakho esithile, okuhlanganisa ukusebenza kwezinso zakho, ezinye izimo zezempilo, nokuthi usabele kahle kangakanani ekwelashweni kwangaphambilini.

Eminye imithi ephansi i-uric acid ihlanganisa:

• I-Allopurinol, enciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-uric acid futhi ivame ukuba yindlela yokwelapha yokuqala
• I-Febuxostat, omunye umuthi onciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-uric acid
• I-Probenecid, esiza izinso zakho ukuthi ziqede i-uric acid ngempumelelo
• I-Pegloticase, umuthi wokujova onamandla wezimo ezinzima

Ukuphatha ukuhlaselwa kwe-gout okukhulu, udokotela wakho angase anikeze imithi elwa nokuvuvukala efana ne-colchicine, i-NSAIDs, noma ama-corticosteroids. Lezi zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile ku-lesinurad kodwa zingaba izingxenye ezibalulekile zohlelo lwakho lokulawula i-gout.

Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila kungase futhi kusebenze njengezinye izindlela ezibalulekile noma izindlela zokwengeza. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, ukukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala, ukuhlala unamanzi kahle, nokugwema ukudla okunama-purines amaningi. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise indlela ebanzi engase inciphise isidingo sakho semithi.

Ingabe i-Lesinurad ingcono kune-Allopurinol?

I-Lesinurad kanye ne-allopurinol zisebenza ngezindlela ezihlukene futhi ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ndawonye kunokuba zibe ezinye. I-Allopurinol inciphisa ukuthi umzimba wakho ukhiqiza kangakanani i-uric acid, kuyilapho i-lesinurad isiza izinso zakho ukuthi ziqede i-uric acid eningi. Le ndlela yokuhlanganisa ivame ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kunokusebenzisa imithi eyodwa.

I-Allopurinol ngokuvamile iyona mithi yokuqala odokotela abayibhalela i-gout ngoba isetshenziswe ngokuphepha amashumi eminyaka futhi isebenza kahle kubantu abaningi. I-Lesinurad ngokuvamile ingezwa uma i-allopurinol yodwa inganele ukufinyelela emazingeni e-uric acid. Cabanga nge-allopurinol njengokwelashwa okuyisisekelo, ne-lesinurad enikeza ukwesekwa okwengeziwe uma kudingeka.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwale mithi kuncike esimweni sakho somuntu ngamunye. Uma unezinkinga zezinso, udokotela wakho angase akhethe i-allopurinol ngoba icutshungulwa ngendlela ehlukile ngumzimba wakho. Uma usuvele usebenzisa i-allopurinol kodwa usahlaselwa yi-gout, ukwengeza i-lesinurad kungase kube yisinyathelo esilandelayo esinengqondo.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengokusebenza kwezinso zakho, eminye imithi oyithathayo, nokuthi usabele kahle kangakanani ekwelashweni kwangaphambilini. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi inhlanganisela yomibili imithi inikeza ukulawulwa okungcono kwe-uric acid kuneyodwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Lesinurad

Ingabe i-Lesinurad iphephile kubantu abanezifo zezinso?

I-Lesinurad idinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela uma unezifo zezinso, futhi ayinconywa kubantu abanezinkinga ezinzima zezinso. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ngemivivinyo yegazi ngaphambi kokubhala i-lesinurad futhi uzoqhubeka nokukuqapha njalo ngenkathi uyithatha.

Uma unezifo eziphansi kuya kweziphakathi zezinso, udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukukwelapha nge-lesinurad kodwa cishe uzoqala ngomthamo ophansi futhi akuqaphele kakhulu. Umuthi empeleni ungenza izinso zakho zibe nomsebenzi owengeziwe ngoba wenyusa inani le-uric acid okudingeka ukuthi ziliqede, yingakho ukuhlala unamanzi kubaluleke kangaka.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuzile i-Lesinurad eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uphuze i-lesinurad eningi kunaleyo oyinikiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha, ngisho noma ungezwa ugula. Ukuphuza okuningi kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga zezinso neminye imiphumela emibi. Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi ngabe izimpawu ziyavela yini, ngoba ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kusenesikhathi kubalulekile.

Ngenkathi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha, phuza amanzi amaningi ukusiza izinso zakho ukuthi ziqede umuthi owedlulele. Gwema ukuphuza eminye imithamo kuze kube yilapho ukhulumile nomhlinzeki wezempilo. Gcina ibhodlela lomuthi nawe ukuze ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bakwazi ukubona kahle ukuthi yini nokuthi ungakanani owuphuzile.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwe umthamo we-Lesinurad?

Uma uphuthelwe umthamo we-lesinurad, uwuphuze ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, uma nje kusewusuku olufanayo. Uma ungakhumbuli kuze kube ngosuku olulandelayo, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uphuza umthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe ngesikhathi esijwayelekile. Ungalokothi uphuze imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe.

Zama ukuphuza i-lesinurad ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukukusiza ukuthi ukhumbule. Abantu abaningi bakuthola kuwusizo ukuyiphuza ekuseni noma ukusetha isikhumbuzi sansuku zonke ocingweni lwabo. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngamasu okukusiza ukuthi ugcine ukunamathela emithini okuqhubekayo.

Ngingayeka nini ukuphuza i-Lesinurad?

Kufanele uyeke ukuphuza i-lesinurad ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wakho. Abantu abaningi badinga ukuqhubeka beyiphuza isikhathi eside ukuze bagcine amazinga e-uric acid enempilo futhi bavimbele ukuhlaselwa yi-gout. Ukuyeka umuthi ngokuvamile kubangela amazinga e-uric acid ukuthi aphinde anyuke emasontweni ambalwa.

Udktela wakho angase acabange ukulungisa ukwelashwa kwakho uma ugcine amazinga e-uric acid ezinzile isikhathi eside futhi wenza izinguquko ezinkulu zokuphila. Kodwa-ke, noma yiziphi izinguquko emithini yakho kufanele zenziwe kancane kancane futhi ziqashwe ngokucophelela. Ungayeki ukuthatha i-lesinurad ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngayo nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Lesinurad?

Kungcono ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-lesinurad, njengoba utshwala bungaphazamisa ikhono lomzimba wakho lokususa i-uric acid futhi lungase luqale ukuhlaselwa yi-gout. Ubhiya nemimoya kunzima ikakhulukazi ngoba kungakhuphula ukukhiqizwa kwe-uric acid futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kwezinso.

Uma ukhetha ukuphuza utshwala ngezikhathi ezithile, yenza kanjalo ngokulinganisela futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uphuza amanzi engeziwe ukuze uhlale unamanzi. Xoxa ngokusebenzisa kwakho utshwala nodokotela wakho, njengoba bengakunikeza isiqondiso esiqondene nawe esisekelwe empilweni yakho yonke kanye nemigomo yokuphatha i-gout. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukugwema utshwala ngokuphelele kubasiza ukuthi bafeze ukulawulwa okungcono kwe-uric acid.