Yini i-Lithium: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Lithium iyimithi eqinisa imizwa esiza ukulawula ukuphakama okuqhubekayo nokuphansi kwe-bipolar disorder. Ingenye yezindlela zokwelapha ezindala nezisebenzayo zokuphatha izigameko ze-manic nokuvimbela ukuguquguquka kwemizwa. Cabanga nge-lithium njengensiza enobumnene kodwa enamandla esiza ukugcina i-thermostat yobuchopho bakho isebenza kahle.

Yini i-Lithium?

I-Lithium iyimaminerali yemvelo esebenza njengesiqinisi semizwa ebuchosheni bakho. Ingaphansi kohlu lwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-antimanic agents, okusho ukuthi iqondise ngqo izigameko ze-manic ezingenza impilo izizwe ingaphezu kwamandla futhi ingalawuleki.

Le mithi isetshenziswe ngokuphepha amashumi eminyaka ukusiza izigidi zabantu ukuthi ziphile impilo ezinzile, efezekayo. Iza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene - amaphilisi, amaphilisi, noketshezi - ngakho wena nodokotela wakho ningathola inketho ekusebenzelayo.

Okuthakazelisayo nge-lithium ukuthi ayiphathi nje izimpawu uma zivela. Empeleni isiza ekuvikeleni izigameko zemizwa zesikhathi esizayo ukuthi zenzeke, ikunikeza ithuba elingcono lokuzinza kwesikhathi eside.

Isetshenziselwani i-Lithium?

I-Lithium ngokuyinhloko inikezwa i-bipolar disorder, lapho isiza khona ukulawula zombili izigameko ze-manic nezokucindezeleka. Udokotela wakho angase ayincomise uma uke wahlangabezana nezikhathi zamandla aphezulu ngokungavamile, imicabango egijimayo, noma ukuziphatha okungazelelwe okulandelwa ukuwa ekucindezelekeni.

Ngaphandle kwe-bipolar disorder, i-lithium ngezinye izikhathi iyasiza nezinye izimo futhi. Abanye odokotela bayinika ukucindezeleka okukhulu okungazange kuphendule kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha, noma ukunciphisa imicabango yokuzibulala kubantu abanezinkinga zemizwa.

Ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinhlobo ezithile zekhanda noma ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwama-antidepressants. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusetshenziswa akuvamile futhi kudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Isebenza Kanjani i-Lithium?

I-Lithium isebenza ngokuthonya izithunywa zamakhemikhali ebuchosheni bakho ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-neurotransmitters. Isiza ukulawula ibhalansi yala makhemikhali, ikakhulukazi lawo ahilelekile ekulawuleni imizwa njenge-serotonin ne-dopamine.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengomuthi onamandla ngokulinganiselwe - unamandla ngokwanele ukudala izinguquko zangempela kumakhemikhali obuchopho bakho, kodwa uthambile ngokwanele ukuthi uthathwe ngokuphepha iminyaka uma uqashwe kahle. Akuyona indlela esheshayo esebenza ezinsukwini, kodwa kunalokho ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo, okuthembekile okwakha ukusebenza ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi.

Indlela eqondile i-lithium ezinzisa ngayo imizwa ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi isiza amaseli obuchopho ukuthi axhumane ngempumelelo. Lokhu kuxhumana okuthuthukisiwe kuholela ekushintsheni kwemizwa okuncane kakhulu kanye nokuzinza okungcono kwemizwa iyonke.

Ngingayithatha kanjani i-Lithium?

Thatha i-lithium ngendlela eqondile udokotela wakho ayalela ngayo, ngokuvamile izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngosuku ngokudla noma ngemva nje kokudla. Ukuyithatha ngokudla kusiza ukuvimbela isisu esibuhlungu futhi kwenza umuthi ube lula ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla.

Amanzi angumngane wakho omkhulu uma uthatha i-lithium - phuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke ukusiza izinso zakho ukuthi zicubungule umuthi ngokuphepha. Gwema i-caffeine eningi, ngoba ingaphazamisa indlela umzimba wakho obhekana ngayo ne-lithium.

Zama ukuthatha imithamo yakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho. Uma uthatha uhlobo oluwuketshezi, lilinganise ngokucophelela ngedivayisi yokulinganisa enikeziwe, hhayi isipuni sasekhaya.

Ungagxobi, uhlafune, noma uphule amaphilisi akhishwe isikhathi eside, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukuthi umuthi omningi ukhishwe ngesikhathi esisodwa. Gwinya wonke ngenkomishi yamanzi egcwele.

Kufanele ngiyithathe isikhathi esingakanani i-Lithium?

Abantu abaningi badinga ukuthatha i-lithium izinyanga eziningana kuya eminyakeni ukuze bathole inzuzo ephelele. Ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto angu-1-2 ukuqala ukusebenza, kodwa imiphumela ephelele yokuzinzisa imizwa ingase ingaveli amasonto angu-6-12.

Ngesifo se-bipolar, i-lithium ivame ukubhekwa njengokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Abantu abaningi bayayithatha iminyaka eminingi noma amashumi eminyaka ukuvimbela izigaba zemizwa ukuthi zingabuyi. Lokhu akusho ukuthi uncike kuyo - kusho ukuthi ubuchopho bakho buyazuza ekusekelweni okuqhubekayo.

Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza njalo ukwelashwa kwakho futhi angashintsha ubude besikhathi ngokuya ngendlela ozabela ngayo. Abanye abantu bangagcina banciphisa umthamo wabo noma bayeke ukuyithatha, kanti abanye bathola ukuthi bayayidinga unomphela ukuze babe nempilo engqondweni ephelele.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-lithium ngokuzumayo, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela isigaba esinzima semizwa, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho uzokwenza uhlelo lokunciphisa kancane uma kudingeka izinguquko.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Lithium?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-lithium ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle uma umzimba wabo usujwayele. Ukuqonda okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulungiseleleke futhi uqiniseke ngokwelashwa kwakho.

Nansi imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole, ikakhulukazi lapho uqala ukwelashwa:

• Ukoma okukhulu nokuchama
• Ukucasuka okuncane noma isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukuthuthumela okuncane kwesandla
• Ukozela noma ukukhathala
• Ukuzuza isisindo
• Ukuqunjelwa noma izitulo ezixekile

Le miphumela emibi yasekuqaleni ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi. Abantu abaningi bayithola ilawuleka futhi ifanele ukuzinza kwemizwa okuhlinzekwa yi-lithium.

Eminye imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Nakuba kungavamile, kubalulekile ukwazi ngalezi zinto ezingenzeka:

• Ukuthuthumela okukhulu noma ukuqina kwemisipha
• Ukudideka noma ubunzima bokucabanga ngokucacile
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Ukuphalaza okukhulu noma isifo sohudo
• Izimpawu zezinkinga zezinso (ukuqubuka, izinguquko ekuchameni)
• Izinkinga ze-thyroid (ukukhathala okukhulu, izinguquko zesibindi)

Ukuvivinywa kwegazi okujwayelekile kusiza ukubamba noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ekuqaleni, okwenza i-lithium ibe yindlela ephephile yesikhathi eside kubantu abaningi. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokuqapha ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni zokuqala zokwelashwa.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Lithium?

I-Lithium ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile zezokwelapha zikwenza kungaphephile noma zidinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokukuyala.

Kufanele ugweme i-lithium uma unesifo esibi sezinso, njengoba izinso zakho zidinga ukusebenza kahle ukuze zicubungule imithi ngokuphepha. Abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi ukushaya okungajwayelekile, bangase badinge ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, xoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. I-Lithium ingathinta ukukhula kombungu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kokuqala, ngakho-ke uzodinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nokuqapha.

Omama abancelisa ngamabele kufanele futhi baqaphele, njengoba i-lithium idlulela obisini. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ulinganise izinzuzo nezingozi futhi uhlole ezinye izindlela eziphephile uma kudingeka.

Abantu abanokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu, amazinga aphansi e-sodium, noma labo abathatha imithi ethile (njengemithi ethile yokucindezela igazi) bangase badinge ukulungiswa komthamo noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Lithium

I-Lithium iyatholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, nakuba izinguqulo ezivamile zisebenza ngempumelelo. Amagama omkhiqizo ajwayelekile afaka i-Lithobid, i-Eskalith, ne-Lithonate.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwemikhiqizo uvame ukuba ukwakheka - ezinye zikhishwa ngokushesha kanti ezinye zikhishwa isikhathi eside. Izinhlobo ezikhishwa isikhathi eside zidinga ukuthathwa kaningi futhi zingase zibangele imiphumela emibi embalwa.

I-pharmacy yakho ingashintsha phakathi kwabakhiqizi abahlukene abavamile, kodwa ungakhathazeki - yonke imikhiqizo ye-lithium evunywe yi-FDA ihlangabezana nezindinganiso ezifanayo zekhwalithi nokusebenza kahle. Uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko lapho ushintsha imikhiqizo, yazisa udokotela wakho.

Ezinye Izindlela ze-Lithium

Uma i-lithium ingakulungele, ezinye izithuthukisi zemizwa zingasiza ekuphatheni isifo se-bipolar. Lezi ezinye izindlela zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile kodwa zingasebenza ngokulinganayo kubantu abaningi.

Imithi elwa nokudlikiza njenge-valproic acid (Depakote) kanye ne-lamotrigine (Lamictal) ziyizindlela ezivamile. Zingase zibangele imiphumela ehlukile futhi zingase zifaneleke kangcono ezidingweni zakho ezithile kanye nephrofayili yezempilo.

Ama-antipsychotics angajwayelekile afana ne-quetiapine (Seroquel) noma i-olanzapine (Zyprexa) angakwazi futhi ukuzinzisa imizwa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokugula. Abanye abantu basebenzisa lezi zodwa noma ngokuhlangana neminye imithi.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi acabangele ezinye izinketho ezintsha njenge-carbamazepine noma i-oxcarbazepine, kuye ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi usabele kanjani kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Okubalulekile ukuthola umuthi ofanele noma inhlanganisela esebenza kahle kakhulu esimweni sakho esiyingqayizivele.

Ingabe i-Lithium Ingcono Kune-Valproic Acid?

Kokubili i-lithium ne-valproic acid ziyizithuthukisi zemizwa ezinhle kakhulu, kodwa zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi zifanele abantu abahlukene. I-Lithium ivame ukusebenza kangcono ekuvikeleni izigaba zokugula futhi inezakhiwo eziqinile zokulwa nokuzibulala.

I-Valproic acid ingase ibe yindlela engcono uma une-bipolar disorder esheshayo noma izigaba ezixubile ezinezimpawu zokugula nokucindezeleka ezenzeka kanyekanye. Ivame futhi ukubangela ukukhathazeka okuncane kwezinso kanye nendlala yegilo kune-lithium.

Ukukhetha

I-Lithium idinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela uma unezinkinga zezinso, njengoba izinso zakho zicubungula futhi zikhiphe lo muthi. Uma unesifo sezinso esingesibi kakhulu, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze umthamo omncane futhi ahlolisise amazinga egazi lakho kaningi.

Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zezinso ngokuvamile abakwazi ukuthatha i-lithium ngokuphepha, njengoba umuthi ungakha amazinga ayingozi ohlelweni lwabo. Udokotela wakho uzoqhuba izivivinyo zomsebenzi wezinso ngaphambi kokuqala i-lithium futhi njalo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinkinga zezinso ezihlobene ne-lithium zivame ukubuyiseka uma zitholakele ngokushesha. Ukuqashwa njalo kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinso zakho zihlala ziphilile ngenkathi uzuza emiphumeleni yokuzinzisa imizwa.

Q2. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuzile i-Lithium eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-lithium eningi, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma ukulawulwa kwezinto ezinobuthi ngokushesha, ngisho noma uzizwa kahle. Ukweqisa kwe-Lithium kungaba kubi futhi kungase kungabangeli izimpawu ngokushesha.

Izimpawu zobuthi be-lithium zihlanganisa isicanucanu esibi, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukudideka, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, noma izinkinga zokuxhumana. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, funa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze noma uthathe eminye imithi ukuze ulwe nokweqisa. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha badinga ukuqapha amazinga egazi lakho futhi banikeze ukwelashwa okufanele ngokuya ngokuthi uthathe okungakanani.

Q3. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Lithium?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-lithium, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe futhi uqhubeke neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, njengoba lokhu kungabangela amazinga akho e-lithium ukuthi anyuke ngendlela eyingozi. Kungcono ukugcina isikhathi sakho esijwayelekile kunokuphinda kabili.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, zama ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi. Amazinga egazi aqhubekayo abalulekile ukuze i-lithium isebenze ngempumelelo nangokuphepha.

Q4. Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Lithium?

Isinqumo sokuyeka i-lithium kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi nodokotela wakho, ungasenzi wedwa. Abantu abaningi badinga ukuthatha i-lithium okungenani iminyaka engu-1-2 ngemuva kokuthi imizwa yabo izinzile ukuvimbela ukuphindeka.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengokuthi usunesikhathi esingakanani uzinzile, ukuthi ngabe uke waba nezigameko eziningi zemizwa, kanye nempilo yakho yonke yengqondo lapho nixoxa ngokuyeka. Abanye abantu bayazuza ngokuhlala ku-lithium isikhathi eside.

Uma uyeka ukuthatha i-lithium, kudingeka ukuthi kwenziwe kancane kancane emasontweni amaningana noma izinyanga. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela isigameko esibi semizwa, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho uzokwenza isimiso esiqaphelayo sokunciphisa umthamo.

Q5. Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Lithium?

Kungcono ukugwema utshwala noma ukululinganisa kakhulu ngenkathi uthatha i-lithium. Utshwala bungandisa imiphumela emibi ye-lithium futhi buphazamise ukusebenza kahle komuthi ekuzinzeni kwemizwa yakho.

Utshwala futhi luyinto ecindezelayo engenza izimpawu zemizwa zibe zimbi futhi zikhuphule ingozi yokuxhumana okuyingozi. Uma ukhetha ukuphuza ngezikhathi ezithile, xoxa ngemikhawulo ephephile nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Khumbula ukuthi utshwala bungathinta nokwahlulela kwakho mayelana nokuthatha imithi njalo, okubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-lithium. Impilo yakho yengqondo ibaluleke kakhulu kunoma yimiphi imiphumela yesikhashana evela ekuphuzeni.