Yini i-Mannitol: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Mannitol iyimithi enamandla enikezwa ngomugqa we-IV (intravenous) ukusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala okuyingozi ebuchosheni bakho noma ukusiza izinso zakho ukukhipha uketshezi oluningi kanye nobuthi. Le nto enjengoshukela isebenza ngokushesha ukukhipha amanzi amaningi ezicutshini lapho kungafanele abe khona, inikeze umzimba wakho impumuzo owuyidingayo ezimweni eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha.

Yini i-Mannitol?

I-Mannitol wuhlobo lotshwala obunoshukela olusetshenziswa odokotela njengomuthi oqinile we-diuretic. Uma inikezwa ngemithambo yakho, isebenza njengozibuthe wamanzi amaningi emzimbeni wakho, iwawukhiphe ngezinso zakho bese iwayisa emchameni wakho.

Cabanga nge-mannitol njengomsizi wezokwelapha onganciphisa ngokushesha ukuvuvukala okuyingozi, ikakhulukazi eduze kobuchopho bakho nomgogodla. Ibaluleke kakhulu ngoba ayiweli kalula ezicutshini zobuchopho, okuyenza iphephe kakhulu ekwelapheni izimo eziphuthumayo ezihlobene nobuchopho.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo bahlukanisa i-mannitol njenge-osmotic diuretic, okusho ukuthi isebenza ngokushintsha ibhalansi yamanzi emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kuyenza ihluke kwamanye amaphilisi amanzi ongase uwajwayele.

Isetshenziselwani i-Mannitol?

Odokotela ngokuyinhloko basebenzisa i-mannitol ukwelapha ukuvuvukala kobuchopho okusongela impilo nezinkinga ezinzima zezinso. Ngokuvamile igcinelwe izilungiselelo zasemtholampilo lapho udinga khona ukwelashwa ngokushesha, okunomthelela omkhulu.

Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokuthi ungase uthole i-mannitol uma une-pressure eyengeziwe ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwakho, okubizwa ngokuthi i-intracranial pressure. Lokhu kungenzeka ngemva kokulimala ekhanda, unhlangothi, noma ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho lapho izicubu zobuchopho bakho zivuvukala ngendlela eyingozi.

Nawa amanye amakhondishini lapho i-mannitol ibaluleka khona:

• Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho ngenxa yokulimala ekhanda noma ukulimala
• Ukucindezela okukhulu ekhakhazini lakho ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kobuchopho
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso okukhulu lapho izinso zakho zidinga usizo lokukhipha ubuthi
• Izimo ezinobuthi ezinzima lapho ukususwa kobuthi okusheshayo kubalulekile
• Izimo eziphuthumayo ze-Glaucoma lapho ingcindezi yamehlo iba phezulu ngendlela eyingozi

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuqapha ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa njengoba i-mannitol inamandla kakhulu. Bazoyisebenzisa kuphela uma izinzuzo zicacile ukwedlula izingozi.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Mannitol?

I-Mannitol isebenza ngokudala amandla amakhulu okudonsa amanzi amaningi avela ezicutshini ezivuvukele. Ithathwa njengomuthi onamandla kakhulu ongaveza imiphumela esheshayo, ngezinye izikhathi ngemizuzu.

Lapho i-mannitol ingena egazini lakho, yandisa ukugxila kwezinhlayiya egazini lakho. Lokhu kudala lokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi i-osmotic gradient, okwenza igazi lakho libe "nesifiso" samanzi avela ezicutshini eziqhelile.

Umuthi usebenza kahle kakhulu ekukhukhumeni kobuchopho ngoba awukwazi ukuwela kalula usuka egazini lakho ungene ethisshu yobuchopho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlala emithanjeni yakho yegazi futhi udonsa amanzi emangqamuzaneni akho obuchopho, okunciphisa ingcindezi eyingozi.

Izinso zakho zibe seziqala ukusebenza ngokweqile ukuze zihluze lawa manzi amaningi kanye ne-mannitol, yingakho uzochama kaningi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Le nqubo isiza ukubuyisela ibhalansi ejwayelekile yamanzi emzimbeni wakho.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Mannitol?

Awukwazi ukuthatha i-mannitol ngomlomo - kufanele inikezwe ngokuqondile emthanjeni wakho ngomugqa we-IV ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abaqeqeshiwe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi esibhedlela noma endaweni yomtholampilo lapho ungaqashwa khona eduze.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizofaka ishubhu elincane emthanjeni wakho, ngokuvamile engalweni yakho noma esandleni sakho. Isixazululo se-mannitol sigeleza kancane futhi ngokuqinile singene egazini lakho ngesikhathi esinqunywe udokotela wakho.

Umthamo uncike ngokuphelele esimweni sakho esithile nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizobala inani eliqondile ngokusekelwe esisindweni sakho, ukusebenza kwezinso, nobukhulu besimo sakho.

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, abahlengikazi bazohlola njalo umfutho wegazi lakho, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, kanye nokukhipha umchamo. Bazophinda baqaphe amakhemikhali egazini lakho ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi umzimba wakho uyiphatha kahle imithi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Mannitol?

Ukwelashwa nge-Mannitol kuvame ukuba kwesikhashana, kuthatha noma yikuphi kusuka emahoreni ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Udokotela wakho uzoqeda imithi ngokushesha nje lapho isimo sakho sithuthuka ngokwanele ukuthi awusadingi imiphumela yayo enamandla.

Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, ukwelashwa kungathatha izinsuku eziyi-1-3 ngenkathi umfutho wobuchopho bakho ubuyela kokujwayelekile. Ngezinkinga zezinso, kungaba kufushane ngisho noma izinso zakho ziqala ukusebenza kahle futhi.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lihlala lihlola ukuthi usayidinga yini i-mannitol ngokubheka izimpawu zakho nokwenza izivivinyo zegazi. Bazokwehlisa kancane kancane umthamo noma bayiyeke ngokuphelele uma kuphephile ukwenza kanjalo.

Umgomo uhlala ukusebenzisa i-mannitol isikhathi esifushane esidingekayo ukuze welaphe isimo sakho ngempumelelo. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela izinkinga, ngakho odokotela bakhetha ukukudlulisa kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha uma kungenzeka.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Mannitol?

I-Mannitol ingabangela imiphumela eminingi engemihle ngoba ishintsha ngamandla ibhalansi yomzimba wakho. Imiphumela eminingi engemihle iyaphathwa uma uqashwe kahle endaweni yezokwelapha.

Imiphumela ejwayelekile ongase uyithole ihlanganisa ukuchama ngokweqile, okuyingxenye yendlela imithi esebenza ngayo. Ungase futhi uzizwe womile, unesiyezi, noma uqaphele izinguquko kumfutho wegazi lakho.

Nansi imiphumela engemihle ithimba lakho lezokwelapha elizoyibheka:

• Ukuvama kokuya ngasese nokoma okukhulu
• Isiyezi noma ukukhathala ngenxa yezinguquko zomfutho wegazi
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu noma ukudideka
• Ukuvuvukala endaweni ye-IV
• Ushintsho kumgqigqo wenhliziyo yakho

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukoma okukhulu, ukwehla okuyingozi komfutho wegazi, noma izinkinga ngokulinganisela kwama-electrolyte omzimba wakho.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo likuqapha ngokucophelela ikakhulukazi ukuze libambe futhi libhekane nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi ngokushesha. Bazolungisa ukwelashwa kwakho noma banikeze imithi eyengeziwe uma kudingeka ukuze bakugcine ukhululekile futhi uphephile.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Mannitol?

I-Mannitol ayiphephile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyibhala. Abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo, izinso, noma amaphaphu bangase badinge ukwelashwa okuhlukile.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo esibi, inhliziyo yakho ingase ingakwazi ukubhekana nezinguquko eziqhamukayo zoketshezi ezibangelwa yi-mannitol. Ngokufanayo, abantu abanesifo sezinso esibi kungenzeka bangakwazi ukucubungula imithi ngendlela efanele.

Udokotela wakho uzogwema i-mannitol uma unesinye salezi zimo:

• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu noma izinkinga zomgqigqo wenhliziyo
• Isifo sezinso esithuthukile noma ukwehluleka kwezinso
• Ukoma okukhulu noma ivolumu yegazi eliphansi
• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo ne-mannitol
• Ukungalingani okukhulu kwama-electrolyte
• Izinhlobo ezithile zokuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile, nakuba i-mannitol ingase isetshenziswe uma izinzuzo zidlula izingozi. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngazo zonke ezinye izindlela nawe.

Noma ngabe unesinye salezi zimo, udokotela wakho angase asebenzise i-mannitol ezimweni ezisongela impilo ngenkathi ethatha izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokukuqapha ngokucophelela.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Mannitol

I-Mannitol itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi emikhiqizo, nakuba izibhedlela eziningi zisebenzisa inguqulo ejwayelekile. Amagama ajwayelekile emikhiqizo afaka i-Osmitrol ne-Resectisol, kuye ngokuthi ukugxila okuthile kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhloswe ngakho.

Umuthi ungase futhi uqanjwe ngokuthi "I-Mannitol Injection" elandelwa iphesenti lokugxila. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokhetha ifomula efanele kakhulu isimo sakho esithile.

Kungakhathaliseki igama lomkhiqizo, yonke imikhiqizo ye-mannitol isebenza ngendlela efanayo futhi inemiphumela efanayo. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha inguqulo evumelana kangcono nezidingo zakho zokwelashwa.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha I-Mannitol

Imithi eminingi ehlukile ingafinyelela imiphumela efanayo ne-mannitol, kuye ngesimo sakho esithile. Udokotela wakho angase akhethe lezi uma i-mannitol ingakulungele noma uma isimo sakho sidinga indlela ehlukile.

Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zifaka izixazululo ze-hypertonic saline, ezisebenza ngendlela efanayo kodwa zisebenzisa usawoti esikhundleni sikashukela. Imithi efana ne-furosemide (Lasix) ingasiza futhi ekunciphiseni ukwakheka koketshezi, nakuba isebenza ngendlela ehlukile.

Nazi ezinye izindlela ezivamile udokotela wakho angazicabangela:

• I-Hypertonic saline yokuqubuka kobuchopho
• I-Furosemide (Lasix) yokususwa koketshezi
• I-Acetazolamide yezinhlobo ezithile zokuvuvukala
• I-Glycerol yokunciphisa ingcindezi yobuchopho
• I-Urea ezimweni ezithile

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokhetha enye indlela engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile, umlando wezokwelapha, nokuthi udinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha kangakanani. Inketho ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nokucatshangelwa kwayo.

Ingabe i-Mannitol Ingcono Kune-Furosemide?

I-Mannitol ne-furosemide zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi zingcono ezimweni ezihlukene, ngakho-ke akukho okukodwa okungcono kunomunye. Udokotela wakho ukhetha ngokusekelwe kulokho umzimba wakho okudinga kakhulu.

I-Mannitol isebenza ngokushesha futhi inamandla kakhulu ekukhukhumeni kobuchopho ngoba ingakwazi ukukhipha amanzi ngokushesha emathisini obuchopho. I-Furosemide isebenza kancane kancane futhi ivame ukuba ngcono ekuphathweni kwamanzi isikhathi eside.

Esimeni sokukhukhumala kobuchopho esiphuthumayo, i-mannitol ngokuvamile iyona ekhethwa kuqala ngoba isebenza ngemizuzu. Ezinkingeni zenhliziyo noma izinso eziqhubekayo, i-furosemide ingase ifaneleke kakhulu ngoba inobungane futhi ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

Udokotela wakho ucabangela izinto ezinjengokuthi udinga imiphumela ngokushesha kangakanani, ukusebenza kwezinso zakho, kanye nesimo sakho esiphelele lapho ekhetha phakathi kwale mithi. Ngezikhathi ezithile bangase basebenzise zombili ndawonye ukuze bathole inzuzo enkulu.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Mannitol

Q1. Ingabe i-Mannitol iphephile ku-Diabetes?

I-Mannitol ngokuvamile iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, nakuba idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela. Ngokungafani noshukela ovamile, i-mannitol ayikhuphuli kakhulu amazinga akho kashukela egazini uma inikezwa ngomthambo.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlola ushukela wakho wegazi kaningi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo sikashukela. Bazolungisa imithi yakho yesifo sikashukela uma kudingeka ukuze kubalwe noma yiziphi izinguquko ekudleni kwakho noma emikhubeni yokuphuza.

Ushintsho lwamanzi oluvela ku-mannitol ngezinye izikhathi lungathinta indlela imithi yakho yesifo sikashukela esebenza ngayo, ngakho ukuqapha eduze kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zombili izimo ziphathwa kahle.

Q2. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngithola i-Mannitol eningi ngengozi?

Awukwazi ukuthola i-mannitol eningi ngengozi njengoba inikezwa kuphela ochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe ezindaweni ezilawulwayo. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizolungisa ngokushesha ukwelashwa kwakho.

Izimpawu ze-mannitol eningi zihlanganisa ukoma okukhulu, ukwehla okuyingozi komfutho wegazi, noma ukungalingani okukhulu kwe-electrolyte. Ithimba lakho lezempilo liqapha lezi zinto njalo futhi lizoyeka umuthi uma kudingeka.

Uma ubona izimpawu ezingavamile njengokugcwala ikhanda okukhulu, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, tshela umhlengikazi wakho ngokushesha. Bangakwazi ukuhlola ngokushesha ukuthi umthamo wakho udinga ukulungiswa yini.

Q3. Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngedlula Umthamo We-Mannitol?

Awukwazi ukudlula umthamo we-mannitol ngoba unikezwa ngokuqhubekayo ngomugqa we-IV endaweni yasesibhedlela. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lilawula isikhathi nenani olitholayo.

Uma kukhona ukuphazamiseka emgqeni wakho we-IV noma uma umuthi udinga ukumiswa okwesikhashana, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizophatha ukuwuqalisa kabusha ngokuphepha. Bazohlola ukuthi udinga yini ukwenza umuthi owushiyile.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luqashwe njalo futhi lulungiswe ngokususelwa ekuphenduleni kwakho, ngakho noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kulawulwa ngobungcweti ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho.

Q4. Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Mannitol?

Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi uyeka nini i-mannitol ngokususelwa ekuthuthukisweni kwesimo sakho kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa. Ngokuvamile uzoyeka uma ukuvuvukala kobuchopho bakho kuncipha noma umsebenzi wakho wezinso uthuthuka ngokwanele ukuthi ungasadingi umuthi.

Isinqumo sihlanganisa ukuqapha izimpawu zakho, izilinganiso zengcindezi yobuchopho, ukukhiqizwa komchamo, kanye ne-chemistry yegazi. Udokotela wakho ufuna izimpawu zokuthi umzimba wakho ungagcina ibhalansi efanele yamanzi ngaphandle kosizo lwe-mannitol.

Ukuqeda ngokuvamile kwenzeka kancane kancane kunokuthi konke ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuvumela umzimba wakho ukuthi uzivumelanise. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoqhubeka likuqapha ngemuva kokuyeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isimo sakho sihlala sizinzile.

Q5. Ingabe I-Mannitol Ingabangela Izinkinga Zesikhathi Eside?

Uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele isikhathi esifushane, i-mannitol ayivamile ukubangela izinkinga zesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside noma imithamo ephezulu ngezinye izikhathi kungaholela ekulimaleni kwezinso noma ekungalinganeni kwe-electrolyte okuqhubekayo.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo linciphisa lezi zingozi ngokusebenzisa umthamo ophansi osebenzayo isikhathi esifushane ngangokunokwenzeka. Baphinde baqaphe umsebenzi wakho wezinso kanye namazinga e-electrolyte kuyo yonke imithi.

Abantu abaningi bayalulama ngokuphelele emva kokwelashwa nge-mannitol ngaphandle kwemiphumela ehlala njalo. Noma yiziphi izinguquko zesikhashana ekusebenzeni kwezinso noma ukulinganisela kwama-electrolyte ngokuvamile kulungiswa uma imithi iyekiswa futhi umzimba wakho uzilungisa.