Yini i-Maraviroc: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Maraviroc iyimithi kadokotela eyenzelwe ngqo ukwelapha ukutheleleka nge-HIV kubantu abadala. Ingaphansi kohlobo oluyingqayizivele lwemithi ye-HIV ebizwa ngokuthi ama-antagonist e-CCR5, asebenza ngendlela ehlukile kuneminye imithi ye-HIV ngokuvimba umnyango othile i-HIV ewusebenzisela ukungena emangqamuzaneni akho omzimba.

Le mithi ayikwelaphi i-HIV, kodwa ingaba yithuluzi elinamandla ekhithini lakho lokwelapha. Uma isetshenziswa njengengxenye yokwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe neminye imithi ye-HIV, i-maraviroc isiza ukulawula igciwane futhi isekela ikhono lomzimba wakho lokuzivikela lokuhlala liqinile.

Yini i-Maraviroc?

I-Maraviroc iyimithi elwa namagciwane eqondiswe ngqo endleleni i-HIV engena ngayo emangqamuzaneni akho e-CD4. Cabanga ngayo njengokhiye okhethekile ovimbela i-HIV ekusebenziseni enye yezindlela zayo eziyinhloko zokungena emangqamuzaneni akho omzimba.

Ngokungafani neminye imithi eminingi ye-HIV esebenza ngemuva kokuthi igciwane selivele lithelele amangqamuzana akho, i-maraviroc isebenza ekuqaleni kwenqubo yokutheleleka. Ivimba i-CCR5 receptor, efana nomnyango osetshenziswa izinhlobo ezithile ze-HIV ukungena ngaphakathi emangqamuzaneni akho omzimba anempilo.

Le mithi isetshenziswa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokuhlanganyela neminye imithi ye-HIV, hhayi yodwa. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzoyibhala njengengxenye yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe okwelapha amagciwane, noma i-cART, esebenzisa imithi eminingi ukuhlasela i-HIV evela ezindaweni ezihlukene.

Isetshenziselwani i-Maraviroc?

I-Maraviroc isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha ukutheleleka nge-HIV-1 kubantu abadala abanohlobo oluthile lwe-HIV olubizwa ngokuthi igciwane le-CCR5-tropic. Ngaphambi kokubhala le mithi, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuhlola i-HIV yakho ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi uhlobo olufanele olungaqondiswa ngempumelelo yi-maraviroc.

Lo muthi ubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abaye bakwazi ukumelana neminye imithi ye-HIV. Uma ukwelashwa kwakho kwe-HIV okwamanje kungasebenzi kahle njengoba kufanele, noma uma uzamile izindlela eziningi zokwelapha ngaphandle kwempumelelo, i-maraviroc ingase inikeze indlela entsha yokucindezela igciwane.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi acabangele i-maraviroc uma uqala ukwelashwa kwe-HIV okokuqala ngqa, ikakhulukazi uma ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi une-CCR5-tropic HIV. Kodwa-ke, ivame ukusetshenziswa ezigulini ezinolwazi lokwelashwa ezidinga ezinye izinketho.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Maraviroc?

I-Maraviroc isebenza njengomuthi olungile we-HIV ngokuvala indlela ethile i-HIV eyisebenzisela ukuthelela amaseli akho. Ithathwa njengokwelashwa okuqondiwe ngoba igxila endleleni eyodwa ethile yokutheleleka kwe-HIV.

Lapho i-HIV izama ukungena kumaseli akho e-CD4, idinga ukunamathela kuma-receptor athile endaweni yamaseli. I-Maraviroc ivimba ngokuqondile i-CCR5 receptor, evimbela i-CCR5-tropic HIV ukuthi ingangeni ngempumelelo futhi ingatheleli amaseli akho omzimba anempilo.

Lesi senzo sokuvimba senzeka ngaphandle kwamaseli akho, okwenza i-maraviroc ihluke phakathi kwemithi ye-HIV. Eminye imithi ye-HIV isebenza ngaphakathi kwamaseli ngemuva kokuthi ukutheleleka sekwenzekile, kodwa i-maraviroc imisa inqubo yokutheleleka ngaphambi kokuthi iqale.

Ukusebenza kahle komuthi kuncike ekutheni i-HIV yakho iyi-CCR5-tropic. Abanye abantu bane-CXCR4-tropic HIV noma i-dual-tropic HIV, esebenzisa izindawo zokungena ezihlukene i-maraviroc engakwazi ukuzivimba.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Maraviroc?

I-Maraviroc ivamise ukuthathwa njengamaphilisi kabili ngosuku, nokuthi udla noma ungadli. Ungayithatha ngamanzi, ubisi, noma ijusi - noma yini ezizwa ikhululekile esiswini sakho.

Ukuthatha i-maraviroc nokudla kungasiza ekunciphiseni noma yikuphi ukuphathwa yisisu, nakuba kungadingeki. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukuyithatha nesnakhi esilula noma ukudla kwenza kube lula ukukhumbula futhi kube mnene ohlelweni lwabo lokugaya ukudla.

Isikhathi sokuthatha imithi yakho sibaluleke kakhulu kunalokho okudlayo ngayo. Zama ukuthatha imithi yakho ngokuqhelelana ngamahora ayi-12 futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina amazinga aqhubekayo omuthi emzimbeni wakho.

Uma uthatha eminye imithi ye-HIV, uzodinga ukuhlela isikhathi ngemvume ye-maraviroc. Ezinye izinhlanganisela zemithi zidinga ukuthathwa ndawonye, ​​kanti ezinye zisebenza kangcono uma ziqhelaniswe. Umuthi wakho wemithi angakusiza ukuthi wakhe isimiso esisebenzayo neminye imithi yakho.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Maraviroc?

I-Maraviroc ngokuvamile iyimithi yesikhathi eside ozoyithatha uma nje iqhubeka isebenza ekulawuleni i-HIV yakho. Abantu abaningi abasabela kahle emithini equkethe i-maraviroc bayithatha unomphela njengengxenye yokwelashwa kwabo i-HIV okuqhubekayo.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha umthwalo wakho wegciwane njalo ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi i-maraviroc iyasebenza ngempumelelo. Uma umthwalo wakho wegciwane uhlala ungatholakali futhi inani lakho le-CD4 lihlala lizinzile noma lithuthuka, cishe uzoqhubeka nokuyithatha.

Ubude bokwelashwa buphinde buxhomeke ekutheni uyayibekezelela kangakanani imithi nokuthi i-HIV yakho ihlala i-CCR5-tropic. I-HIV yabanye abantu ingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okungenzeka ukuthi ingamelani ne-maraviroc noma iguqukele ekusebenziseni ezinye izindlela zokungena.

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-maraviroc ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngayo nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukuyeka imithi ye-HIV kungazelelwe kungaholela ekubuyeni kwegciwane futhi kungenzeka ukuthuthukiswa kokumelana nemithi.

Yiziphi Izimo Ezingezinhle Ze-Maraviroc?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-maraviroc ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Imiphumela eminingi emibi imilde kuya esimweni esiphakathi nendawo futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emithini.

Nawa amanye imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ongase uyithole, futhi kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi yini ongayilindela ukuze ukwazi ukuxoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkathazo nethimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo:

• Ukugula kwesisu nokungakhululeki
• Ukuqunjelwa noma izitulo ezixekile
• Ukukhathazeka
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele
• Isiyezi, ikakhulukazi uma usukuma
• Ubunzima bokulala
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha noma ubuhlungu emalungeni
• Ushintsho esifisweni sokudla

Le miphumela emibi ejwayelekile ivamise ukuba ngaphansi kokuphazamisa phakathi namasonto ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa. Uma ziqhubeka noma ziphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke, udokotela wakho angase ancome amasu okuzisiza ukuzilawula.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izimpawu zezinkinga zesibindi njengokuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma amehlo, ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, noma ukukhathala okungajwayelekile okungathuthuki ngokuphumula.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nokusabela komzimba, okungabandakanya ukuqubuka, ukuluma, ukuvuvukala, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. Uma uqaphela noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha.

Kukhona nemiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa engathi sína ukuthi udokotela wakho uzoqapha ngayo ngezivivinyo zegazi ezivamile nokuhlolwa. Lokhu kungase kufake phakathi izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwesibindi sakho, izinkinga zenhliziyo, noma izifo ezingavamile.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole i-Maraviroc?

I-Maraviroc ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ingabe iyona ndlela efanele esimweni sakho esithile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba ne-CCR5-tropic HIV, njengoba umuthi ngeke usebenze ngokumelene nezinye izinhlobo ze-HIV.

Abantu abanezinkinga ezinkulu zesibindi kufanele basebenzise i-maraviroc ngokucophelela noma bayigweme ngokuphelele. Njengoba umuthi ucutshungulwa esibindini sakho, isifo sesibindi esikhona singenza kube nzima emzimbeni wakho ukuphatha umuthi ngokuphepha.

Uma unezimo ezithile zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithinta ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukukala izinzuzo nezingozi ngokucophelela. I-Maraviroc ngezinye izikhathi ingathinta ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo ezikhona ngaphambili.

Nazi izimo lapho i-maraviroc ingase ingafaneleki, futhi udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngalezi zici nawe ngesikhathi sokubonisana kwakho:

• Ukutheleleka nge-HIV okuyi-CXCR4-tropic noma okuyi-dual-tropic
• Isifo sesibindi esibi noma ukwehluleka kwesibindi
• Izinkinga ezithile zokushaya kwenhliziyo
• Isifo sezinso esibi
• Ukukhulelwa (idatha yokuphepha elinganiselwe iyatholakala)
• Ukuncelisa ibele
• Iminyaka engaphansi kwengu-18 (ayivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinganeni)

Udokotela wakho uzobheka neminye imithi oyithathayo, njengoba eminye imithi ingasebenzisana ne-maraviroc ngezindlela ezingayenza ingasebenzi kahle noma yandise imiphumela emibi.

Uma unomlando wokucindezeleka noma ezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo, udokotela wakho uzokugada eduze, njengoba abanye abantu behlangabezana nezinguquko zemizwa lapho beqala imithi emisha ye-HIV.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Maraviroc

I-Maraviroc iyatholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Selzentry e-United States kanye ne-Celsentri emazweni amaningi. Zombili ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo futhi zisebenza ngokufanayo.

Umuthi uza ngamaphilisi angu-150mg kanye nama-300mg, futhi udokotela wakho uzonquma amandla afanele ngokuya ngeminye imithi oyithathayo nezidingo zakho ngazinye. Ukulinganisa kungahluka ngokuya ngemithi ye-HIV oyithathayo.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-maraviroc zingase zitholakale kwezinye izifunda, kodwa izinhlobo zamagama omkhiqizo zisasetshenziswa kakhulu. Umuthi wakho wemithi angakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi yini etholakalayo endaweni yakho.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Maraviroc

Uma i-maraviroc ingakulungele, zikhona ezinye izinketho zemithi ye-HIV ezitholakalayo. Enye indlela engcono kakhulu incike ohlotsheni lwakho oluthile lwe-HIV, umlando wakho wokwelashwa, nokuthi usabele kahle kangakanani eminye imithi.

Eminye imithi yokuvimbela ukungena ihlanganisa i-enfuvirtide, nakuba inikezwa ngomjovo futhi ayisetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla. Ngokuvamile, udokotela wakho angase acabangele ama-integrase strand transfer inhibitors njenge-dolutegravir noma i-raltegravir.

Izivimbeli ze-protease ezifana ne-darunavir noma i-atazanavir zimelela olunye uhlobo lwemithi ye-HIV esebenza ngendlela ehlukile. Lezi zingaba ezinye izindlela ezinhle uma une-CXCR4-tropic HIV engaphenduli ku-maraviroc.

Izivimbeli ze-non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NNRTIs) njenge-efavirenz noma i-rilpivirine zinikeza enye indlela yokwelashwa kwe-HIV. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengendlela yakho yokumelana negciwane nemiphumela engaba khona uma ekhetha ezinye izindlela.

Ingabe i-Maraviroc Ingcono Kunezinye Imithi ye-HIV?

I-Maraviroc akudingeki ukuthi ingcono noma imbi kunezinye izidakamizwa ze-HIV - imane nje ihluke futhi ibaluleke ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezithile. Umuthi othi “ongcono kakhulu” we-HIV ngaso sonke isikhathi yilowo osebenza ngempumelelo enkulu ezimweni zakho.

Uma iqhathaniswa neminye imithi emisha ye-HIV, i-maraviroc idinga ukulinganiswa kabili ngosuku, okuthile abantu abakuthola kungalula njengokukhetha kanye ngosuku. Kodwa-ke, indlela yayo eyingqayizivele yokusebenza iyenza ingenakushintshwa kwezinye izimo zokwelashwa.

Kubantu abane-CCR5-tropic HIV abaye bathuthukisa ukumelana neminye imithi eminingi, i-maraviroc ingaba yinsindiso. Ihlasela i-HIV isuka engeli ehlukile leyo eminye imithi engayenzi, okusho ukuthi ingasebenza ngisho nalapho eminye imithi ingasasebenzi.

Umuthi uvame ukubekezelelwa kahle ngabantu abaningi, ngemiphumela emibi evame ukulawuleka. Abanye abantu empeleni bakhetha i-maraviroc ngoba ayibangeli eminye imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ehambisana nezinye izigaba zemithi ye-HIV.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Maraviroc

Ingabe i-Maraviroc iphephile kubantu abanezifo zesibindi?

I-Maraviroc idinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela uma unezifo zesibindi. Abantu abanezinkinga zesibindi ezithambile bangavame ukuthatha i-maraviroc ngokuqapha eduze, kodwa labo abanezifo zesibindi ezinzima bangase badinge ukuyigwema ngokuphelele.

Udktela wakho cishe uzo-oda izivivinyo ezijwayelekile zomsebenzi wesibindi ukuqapha ukuthi isibindi sakho sibhekana kanjani nomuthi. Uma une-hepatitis B noma C kanye ne-HIV, umsebenzi wesibindi sakho ubaluleke kakhulu ukuwubheka eduze.

Izimpawu zezinkinga zesibindi zihlanganisa ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma amehlo, umchamo omnyama, izihlalo ezinombala okhanyayo, noma ubuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithatha Ngengozi I-Maraviroc Eningi Kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-maraviroc eningi kakhulu kunaleyo ebekiwe, ungangeni ekuqeqesheni, kodwa xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ukuze uthole isiqondiso. Ukuthatha imithamo eyengeziwe kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi efana nesiyezi, isicanucanu, noma izinguquko zesigqi senhliziyo.

Ungalokothi uzame ukuthi "ukulungisa" ukweqisa ngokweqa umthamo wakho olandelayo. Kunalokho, buyela esimisweni sakho esijwayelekile sokulinganisa njengoba kuqondiswe umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, funa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuphuthumayo ngokushesha. Gcina ibhodlela lomuthi nawe ukuze abasebenzi bezokwelapha bakwazi ukubona kahle ukuthi uthathe ini nokuthi ungakanani.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Maraviroc?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-maraviroc, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle kwalapho sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe. Lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi ngaphandle kokunikeza inzuzo eyengeziwe.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabanga ukusetha ama-alamu ocingo, usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi, noma ubuze usokhemisi wakho ngamathuluzi okukhumbuza. Ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo kubalulekile ekugcineni i-HIV yakho ilawulwa.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Maraviroc?

Akufanele uyeke ukuthatha i-maraviroc ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngayo nodokotela wakho kuqala. Imithi ye-HIV isebenza kahle uma ithathwa njalo, futhi ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungaholela ekubuyeni kwegciwane kanye nokuthuthukiswa okungenzeka kokumelana.

Udokotela wakho angase acabange ukushintsha imithi yakho uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela engemihle engabekezeleleki, uma i-HIV yakho ithuthukisa ukumelana ne-maraviroc, noma uma izinketho zokwelapha ezingcono zitholakala esimweni sakho.

Abanye abantu bangase bakwazi ukushintshela kwezinye izinhlelo zokwelapha i-HIV ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa lesi sinqumo kufanele senziwe ngokubambisana nethimba lakho lezempilo ngokusekelwe emthwalweni wakho wegciwane, ukubalwa kwe-CD4, kanye nesimo sempilo yakho esiphelele.

Ingabe i-Maraviroc ingasebenzisana neminye imithi?

Yebo, i-maraviroc ingasebenzisana neminye imithi eminingi, yingakho udokotela wakho edinga ukwazi ngakho konke okuthathayo, okuhlanganisa imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwe-oda, izithasiselo, kanye nemikhiqizo yezitshalo.

Eminye imithi ingakhuphula amazinga e-maraviroc egazini lakho, okungenzeka kuholele emiphumeleni eminingi engemihle. Ezinye zinganciphisa amazinga e-maraviroc, okwenza ingasebenzi kahle ku-HIV.

Udokotela wakho kungase kudingeke alungise umthamo wakho we-maraviroc uma uthatha imithi ethile efana namanye ama-antibiotics, imithi elwa nesikhunta, noma imithi yokulwa nokuhlaselwa. Hlola njalo nomuthi wakho ngaphambi kokuqala noma iyiphi imithi emisha ngenkathi uthatha i-maraviroc.