Yini i-Meperidine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Meperidine iyimithi ebhalwe ngudokotela yokwelapha ubuhlungu eyingxenye yeqembu lezidakamizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-opioids. Yimithi enamandla esetshenziswa odokotela ukwelapha ubuhlungu obumaphakathi nendawo kuya kobukhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho ezinye izidambisi zinhlungu zingasebenzi kahle ngokwanele.

Le mithi isebenza ngokushintsha indlela ubuchopho bakho kanye nohlelo lwakho lwezinzwa abasabela ngayo ezimpawini zobuhlungu. Ngenkathi ingasebenza kahle kakhulu ekuphatheni ubuhlungu obukhulu, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani nokuthi yini ongayilindela lapho udokotela wakho ekunika umuthi.

Yini i-Meperidine?

I-Meperidine iyimithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu ye-opioid eyenziwe ngamachiza esetshenziswe emkhakheni wezokwelapha amashumi eminyaka. Yaziwa nangegama layo lomkhiqizo elithi Demerol, yize ifomu elivamile linqunywa kakhulu namuhla.

Le mithi ihlukaniswa njengento elawulwa yi-Schedule II ngoba inethuba elikhulu lokusetshenziswa kabi nokuncika. Udokotela wakho uzoyinquma kuphela uma izinzuzo zicacile ukwedlula izingozi, futhi uzodinga ukulandela imihlahlandlela eqinile lapho uyithatha.

Ngokungafani namanye ama-opioids, i-meperidine inezakhiwo ezithile eziyingqayizivele eziyenza ihluke emithini efana ne-morphine noma i-oxycodone. Ivame ukusebenza ngokushesha kodwa ayihlali isikhathi eside, okuthinta ukuthi ungase udinge ukuyithatha kaningi kangakanani.

Isetshenziselwani i-Meperidine?

Odokotela banquma i-meperidine ikakhulukazi ukuphatha ubuhlungu obumaphakathi nendawo kuya kobukhulu obudinga ukwelashwa nge-opioid. Lokhu kuvamile ukuhlanganisa ubuhlungu obuvela emisebenzini yokuhlinzwa, ukulimala okukhulu, noma ezinye izinqubo zezokwelapha.

Ungase uthole lo muthi endaweni yasesibhedlela ngemuva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu, ngesikhathi sokubeletha, noma ngezinhlungu ezinzima ezingazange ziphendule kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Ilungele ikakhulukazi ukuphathwa kobuhlungu besikhashana kunokuba izimo zobuhlungu ezingapheli zesikhathi eside.

Izimo Ezithile Zokuthi I-Meperidine Inganikezwa

Ezinye izimo ezithile lapho i-meperidine ingase inikezwe khona zihlanganisa ubuhlungu obungemva kokuhlinzwa, ubuhlungu obukhulu bamatshe ezinso, noma ubuhlungu obusuka ezinqubweni ezithile zezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, odokotela abaningi manje bakhetha eminye imithi ye-opioid ngenxa yamandla e-meperidine okuba nemiphumela emibi uma isetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Meperidine?

I-Meperidine isebenza ngokubopha kuma-receptors athile ebuchosheni bakho nasemgogodleni obizwa ngokuthi ama-opioid receptors. Uma inamathisela kula ma-receptors, ivimba izimpawu zobuhlungu ukuthi zingafinyeleli ebuchosheni bakho futhi iguqule indlela oqonda ngayo ubuhlungu.

Lo muthi uthathwa njenge-opioid enamandla amaphakathi, hhayi enamandla njenge-morphine kodwa inamandla kune-codeine. Ngokuvamile iqala ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwemizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwengama-30 ngemva kokuyithatha ngomlomo, nemiphumela ephezulu yenzeka cishe ngemva kwehora elingu-1 kuya kwama-2.

Ukusiza ubuhlungu kuvame ukuhlala amahora ama-2 kuya kwama-4, okuyisikhathi esifushane kunezeminye imithi eminingi ye-opioid. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungase udinge ukuyithatha kaningi kunezinye izidambisi zokuhlungu, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyala.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Meperidine?

Thatha i-meperidine njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyala, ngokuvamile njalo emahoreni ama-3 kuya kwama-4 njengoba kudingeka ngenxa yobuhlungu. Ungayithatha ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kokudla, kodwa ukuyithatha nokudla kungasiza ukunciphisa isisu.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele. Ungagxobi, uhlafune, noma uqhekeze amaphilisi, ngoba lokhu kungathinta indlela umuthi osebenza ngayo futhi kubangele imiphumela emibi eyingozi.

Uma uzwa isicanucanu lapho uthatha i-meperidine, zama ukuyithatha ngesnakhi esincane noma ukudla. Gwema utshwala ngokuphelele ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi, njengoba ukuwahlanganisa kungaba yingozi enkulu futhi kungase kubeke impilo engozini.

Gcina umuthi wakho endaweni ephephile lapho abanye bengenakufinyelela khona. Gcina ekamelweni lokushisa, kude nokushisa, umswakama, nokukhanya. Ungalokothi wabelane nge-meperidine yakho nanoma ubani omunye, ngisho noma bebonakala benobuhlungu obufanayo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Meperidine?

I-Meperidine ngokuvamile inikezwa ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana, ngokuvamile kungadluli izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya evikini. Udokotela wakho uzoqoka isikhathi esiqondile ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile nokuthi usabela kanjani emuthini.

Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwe-meperidine ngokuvamile akukhuthazwa ngoba kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima. Ukusetshenziswa okwandisiwe kungabangela ukwakheka okuyingozi kwento ebizwa ngokuthi i-normeperidine emzimbeni wakho, engabangela ukuquleka neminye imiphumela eyingozi.

Uma udinga ukuphathwa kobuhlungu isikhathi eside kunezinsuku ezimbalwa, udokotela wakho cishe uzokushintshela emuthini obuhlungu ohlukile ophephezelayo ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Ungaqhubeki nokuthatha i-meperidine isikhathi eside kunokuba unikezwe, noma ngabe usazizwa ubuhlungu.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Meperidine?

Njengayo yonke imithi ye-opioid, i-meperidine ingabangela imiphumela eceleni ehlukahlukene. Ukuqonda okufanele ukulindele kungakusiza ukuthi usebenzise lo muthi ngokuphepha futhi wazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nodokotela wakho.

Imiphumela eceleni ejwayelekile ongase uyithole ihlanganisa ukozela, isiyezi, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nokuqina kwamathumbu. Le miphumela ivame ukuba yimnene kuya kwemaphakathi futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi.

Nansi imiphumela eceleni ejwayelekile okufanele uyazi:

• Ukozela nokukhathala
• Isiyezi noma ukukhathala
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ukuqina kwamathumbu
• Umlomo owomile
• Ukujuluka
• Ukudideka

Le miphumela eceleni ngokuvamile iyaphathwa futhi yesikhashana. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, ukudla ukudla okunothile nge-fiber, nokugwema ukunyakaza okungazelelwe kungasiza ekunciphiseni eminye yale miphumela.

Imiphumela eceleni engathi sína ingenzeka, nakuba ingavamile. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uzwa ukozela okukhulu, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane noma okungajwayelekile, ukudideka okukhulu, noma izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.

Imiphumela eceleni engavamile kodwa engathi sína edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha ihlanganisa:

• Izinkinga ezinkulu zokuphefumula noma ukuphefumula okungajuli
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Ukuthuthumela
• Ukudideka okukhulu noma ukucabanga
• Izimpawu ze-serotonin syndrome (umkhuhlane omkhulu, ukuqina kwemisipha, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo)
• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu (ukuqubuka, ukuvuvukala, ubunzima bokuphefumula)

Le miphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ingaba yingozi ekuphileni uma yenzeka. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, funa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha I-Meperidine?

Abantu abathile akufanele bathathe i-meperidine ngenxa yengozi eyengeziwe yezinkinga ezinzima. Udokotela wakho uzobukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyalela lo muthi.

Akufanele uthathe i-meperidine uma unezinkinga ezinkulu zokuphefumula, ukuvaleka esiswini sakho noma emathunjini, noma uma unokungezwani komzimba ku-meperidine noma eminye imithi ye-opioid. Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zesibindi noma izinso nabo bangase badinge ukugwema lo muthi.

Ukuqapha okukhethekile kuyadingeka uma unezimo ezithile zezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukukala ngokucophelela izinzuzo nezingozi ngaphambi kokukuyalela i-meperidine uma unezimo ezilandelayo:

• Umlando wokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa noma ukulutheka
• Izimo zempilo yengqondo njengokucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula njenge-asthma noma i-sleep apnea
• Isifo sesibindi noma izinso
• Izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo
• Ukuphazamiseka kokuthuthumela
• Ukulimala ekhanda noma izimila ebuchosheni

Uma unezimo ezithile, udokotela wakho angase akhethe omunye umuthi wokwelapha ubuhlungu noma akuqaphele eduze ngenkathi uthatha i-meperidine.

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa ngamabele kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile. I-Meperidine ingadlulela enganeni yakho futhi ingase ibangele izimpawu zokuhoxiswa ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Uma ukhulelwe, uhlela ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa, xoxa ngezindlela eziphephile nodokotela wakho.

Amagama e-Meperidine Brand

I-Meperidine itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi ebhrendi, nakuba ifomu elivamile lisetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla. Igama lebhrendi elaziwa kakhulu yi-Demerol, eyayisetshenziswa kakhulu iminyaka eminingi.

Amanye amagama ebhrendi aye asetshenziswa afaka i-Mepergan ne-Pethadol, nakuba lawo engavamile manje. Amakhemisi amaningi agcina inguqulo ejwayelekile, esebenza kahle njengezinguqulo zamagama ebhrendi kodwa ngokuvamile ibiza kancane.

Noma ngabe uthola i-meperidine ejwayelekile noma inguqulo yegama lebhrendi, umuthi usebenza ngendlela efanayo. Umkhemisi wakho angakutshela ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo oyitholayo futhi aphendule noma yimiphi imibuzo mayelana nomkhiqizo othile.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha I-Meperidine

Ezinye izidakamizwa zokwelapha ubuhlungu zingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-meperidine, kuye ngezidingo zakho ezithile nesimo sezempilo. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezingeni lakho lobuhlungu, umlando wezokwelapha, nezinye izinto.

Ukuze uthole ubuhlungu obumaphakathi nendawo obukhulu, ezinye izindlela zingabandakanya i-morphine, i-oxycodone, i-hydrocodone, noma i-tramadol. Ngayinye yalezi zidakamizwa inamandla ahlukene, ubude besikhathi sokusebenza, kanye namaphrofayili emiphumela emibi.

Ezinye izindlela ezingezona i-opioid zingase zifaneleke kwezinye izinhlobo zobuhlungu. Lokhu kungabandakanya imithi eqeda ukuvuvukala enamandla, imithi yobuhlungu bemizwa efana ne-gabapentin, noma izidambisi zobuhlungu ezingaphezulu.

Ukukhethwa kwenye indlela kuncike ezintweni eziningi okuhlanganisa uhlobo nobukhulu bobuhlungu bakho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, nokuthi usabele kanjani kweminye imithi esikhathini esidlule. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola inketho efanele.

Ingabe i-Meperidine Ingcono Kune-Morphine?

I-Meperidine ne-morphine zombili ziyizidakamizwa zokwelapha ubuhlungu eziphumelelayo, kodwa zinezici ezihlukene ezenza ngamunye afaneleke ezimweni ezihlukene. Akukho noyedwa 'ongcono' kunomunye.

I-Meperidine isebenza ngokushesha kune-morphine, ngokuvamile phakathi kwemizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwengama-30, kanti i-morphine ingase ithathe imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60 ukuthi isebenze. Kodwa-ke, i-morphine ivame ukuhlala isikhathi eside, inikeze ukukhululeka kobuhlungu amahora ama-4 kuya kwangama-6 uma kuqhathaniswa nama-2 kuya kwangama-4 amahora e-meperidine.

I-Morphine ngokuvamile ithandwa kakhulu ekuphathweni kobuhlungu besikhathi eside ngoba iphephe kakhulu ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. I-Meperidine ingabangela ukwakheka okunobuthi ngemithamo ephindaphindiwe, okuyenza ingafaneleki ekwelapheni ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo.

Udokotela wakho uzokhetha phakathi kwale mithi ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho ezithile, isikhathi esilindelekile sokwelashwa, kanye nezimo zakho zezokwelapha. Zombili le mithi iyasebenza uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Meperidine

Ingabe i-Meperidine iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Meperidine idinga ukuqapha okukhethekile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi labo abanomfutho wenhliziyo ongajwayelekile. Umuthi ungathinta uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo yakho futhi uqhubekisele phambili izimo zenhliziyo ezithile.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi i-meperidine iphephile yini kuwe. Bangase bakhethe omunye umuthi wokwelapha ubuhlungu noma baqaphe ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho eduze uma i-meperidine idingeka.

Njalo yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimo zenhliziyo, okuhlanganisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, noma umlando wokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lolu lwazi lubasiza ukuthi benze ukukhetha okuphephe kakhulu ekuphathweni kwakho ubuhlungu.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuzile i-Meperidine eningi ngengozi?

Ukuphuza i-meperidine eningi kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha. Izimpawu zokweqisa zingabandakanya ukozela okukhulu, ukudideka, ukuphefumula kancane noma okunzima, nokulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Uma usola ukuthi uqise umthamo, shayela izinsiza eziphuthumayo ngokushesha noma uye egumbini eliphuthumayo eliseduze. Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi izimpawu ziyathuthuka yini, njengoba ukweqisa kwe-opioid kungaba yingozi empilweni.

Letha ibhodlela lemithi nawe egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo ukuze abasebenzi bezokwelapha bakwazi ukubona ngqo ukuthi yini nokuthi kungakanani okuthathwe. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungavimbela izinkinga ezingathi sína ezivela ekweqiseni umthamo.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Meperidine?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-meperidine, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, kodwa kuphela uma usazizwa ubuhlungu. Njengoba i-meperidine ivamise ukunqunyelwa ukukhulula ubuhlungu njengoba kudingeka, akudingeki ukuthi uthathe umthamo uma ungenabo ubuhlungu.

Ungalokothi uthathe umthamo ophindwe kabili ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe. Lokhu kungandisa ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi engathi sína nokweqisa umthamo. Kunalokho, qhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile yokulinganisa.

Uma ungaqiniseki ngalokho okufanele ukwenze ngomthamo ophuthelwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuze uthole isiqondiso. Bangakunikeza imiyalelo ethile esekelwe emiyalweni yakho yomuntu ngamunye.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Meperidine?

Ngokuvamile ungaqeda ukuthatha i-meperidine lapho ubuhlungu bakho buye bathuthuka ngokwanele kangangokuthi awusadingi imithi enamandla yokukhulula ubuhlungu. Njengoba ivamise ukunqunyelwa ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana, ukuncika ngokomzimba akunakwenzeka ukuthi kuzokwakheka.

Uma ubuthatha i-meperidine izinsuku eziningana, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuyeka. Bangase bancomise ukunciphisa kancane umthamo wakho ukuze kuvinjelwe noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuhoxiswa, ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwesikhashana.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-meperidine ngokuzumayo uma ubuyisebenzisa njalo, ngoba lokhu kungadala izimpawu zokuhoxiswa ezingakhululekile. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza isiqondiso ngendlela ephephe kakhulu yokuyeka imithi.

Ngingashayela ngesikhathi ngithatha i-Meperidine?

Akufanele ushayele noma usebenzise imishini ngenkathi uthatha i-meperidine. Le mithi ingadala ukozela, isiyezi, nokukhubazeka kokwahlulela, okungenza ukushayela kube yingozi kuwe nakwabanye.

Le miphumela ingahlala amahora amaningana ngemuva kokuthatha umthamo, ngakho-ke hlela ngokufanele. Cela amalungu omndeni noma abangani ukuthi bakusize ngezokuthutha ngenkathi uthatha le mithi.

Noma ngabe uzizwa uqaphile, i-meperidine ingase isathinte isikhathi sakho sokuphendula namakhono okwenza izinqumo. Kuphephe kakhulu ukugwema ukushayela ngokuphelele uze uqede ngokuphelele ukwelashwa kwakho futhi imithi isusiwe emzimbeni wakho.