Yini i-Methyldopa: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Methyldopa iyimithi kadokotela esetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-hypertension). Ingenye yemithi emidala yomfutho wegazi esebenza ngokuthinta uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa ukusiza imithambo yakho yegazi iphumule futhi yande, okwenza kube lula ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ipompe igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Le mithi ithenjwe odokotela amashumi eminyaka, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu, ngenxa yomlando wayo wokuphepha oqinisekisiwe. Ungase uyazi ngamagama omkhiqizo afana ne-Aldomet, nakuba itholakala kakhulu njengemithi ejwayelekile namuhla.

Yini i-Methyldopa Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Methyldopa ikakhulukazi inikezwa ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi ophezulu kubantu abadala nezingane. Udokotela wakho angase ancome le mithi uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha umfutho wegazi zingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma uma udinga inketho enobumnene enokuxhumana okuncane.

Le mithi ibaluleke kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abathola umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ithathwa njengenye yemithi yomfutho wegazi ephephe kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngoba ayiweli ngaphesheya kwe-placenta ngamanani ayingozi noma ithinte ingane esakhula.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela banikeza i-methyldopa ezinye izimo lapho ukulawulwa komfutho wegazi kubalulekile. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise izinkinga ezithile zezinso noma izimo zenhliziyo lapho ukugcina umfutho wegazi ozinzile, ophansi kusiza ukuvikela izitho zakho ekulimaleni.

Isebenza Kanjani i-Methyldopa?

I-Methyldopa isebenza ngokwenza esikhungweni sakho sokulawula ubuchopho sokulawulwa komfutho wegazi. Ilingisa ikhemikhali yobuchopho yemvelo ebizwa ngokuthi i-norepinephrine, ngempela ikhohlisa uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa ukuthi lucabange ukuthi kunesidingo esincane sokugcina umfutho wegazi uphakeme.

Cabanga ngakho njengokunciphisa ivolumu ohlelweni lomzimba wakho lokulawula umfutho wegazi. Lapho i-methyldopa ifinyelela ebuchosheni bakho, inciphisa amasignali avame ukutshela imithambo yakho yegazi ukuthi ihlale iqinile nenhliziyo yakho ukuthi iphamphe kanzima.

Lokhu kuthathwa njengomuthi womfutho wegazi onamandla aphakathi nendawo. Awunamandla njengeminye imithi emisha, kodwa uzinzile futhi uthembekile, usebenza kancane kancane emahoreni ambalwa ukugcina ukulawula umfutho wegazi okuqhubekayo usuku lonke.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Methyldopa?

Thatha i-methyldopa ngendlela eqondile udokotela wakho ayalela ngayo, ngokuvamile izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngosuku ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kokudla. Ungayithatha nobisi, amanzi, noma ijusi - noma yini ezizwa ikhululekile esiswini sakho.

Kuyasiza ukuthatha i-methyldopa ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze kugcinwe amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho. Abantu abaningi bakuthola kulula ukukhumbula ngokukuxhuma ekudleni noma eminye imikhuba yansuku zonke efana nokuxubha amazinyo.

Uma uhlangabezana nesisu esibuhlungu, zama ukuyithatha nokudla noma ubisi. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukudla ukudla okulula ngaphambi kokuthatha umuthi kusiza ekuvikeleni noma yikuphi ukuphatheka kabi kokugaya ukudla.

Ungagayi noma uhlafune amaphilisi ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ngqo ukuthi wenze njalo. Gwinya wonke ngamanzi amaningi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi asebenza kahle ohlelweni lwakho.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani I-Methyldopa?

Abantu abaningi bathatha i-methyldopa izinyanga noma iminyaka njengokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside komfutho wegazi ophezulu. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ubude obufanele ngokuya ngokuthi umfutho wegazi lakho uphendula kahle kangakanani nokuthi ngabe uhlangabezana nanoma yimaphi imiphumela emibi.

Ukuphathwa komfutho wegazi ngokuvamile kuyisimemezelo sokuphila konke, ngakho-ke ungamangali uma udokotela wakho encoma ukuqhubeka ne-methyldopa unomphela. Lokhu akusho ukuthi kukhona okungalungile - kumane nje kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho uyazuza ekusekelweni okuqhubekayo okuhlinzekwa yilo muthi.

Udktela wakho uzohlola njalo umfutho wegazi lakho futhi angase alungise umthamo wakho noma ashintshe imithi uma kudingeka. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-methyldopa ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala, ngoba lokhu kungabangela umfutho wegazi lakho ukuthi ukhuphuke ngendlela eyingozi.

Yiziphi Izimo Ezingezinhle Ze-Methyldopa?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-methyldopa ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi behlangabezana nezinkinga ezimbalwa noma ezingekho. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ngokuvamile ithambile futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ongase uhlangabezane nayo, ikakhulukazi emasontweni akho okuqala okwelashwa:

• Ukozela noma ukuzizwa ukhathele emini
• Isiyezi, ikakhulukazi uma usukuma ngokushesha
• Umlomo owomile noma ukuzizwa womile
• Ikhanda elivame ukuthuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esincane esicasukile
• Ikhala eligcwele noma ukuminyana
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukuzizwa ungenamandla kunokujwayelekile

Le miphumela emibi evamile ivame ukushabalala njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi, ngokuvamile phakathi kwamasonto angu-2-4.

Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nemiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa esengalawuleka engase idinge ukunakwa ngudokotela wakho:

• Ushintsho emazingeni okulala noma amaphupho acacile
• Ukwehla kwentshisekelo emsebenzini wezocansi
• Ukucindezeleka okuncane noma izinguquko zemizwa
• Ukuvuvukala ezinyaweni zakho noma emaqakaleni
• Ukukhuluphala ngenxa yokugcinwa kwamanzi
• Ukuba nobumnene ebeleni noma ukukhula
• Ukuba buhlungu kwemisipha noma ukuqina kwamalunga

Ngenkathi le miphumela ingaba yinkinga, ngokuvamile ayiyingozi futhi ingathuthuka ngokulungiswa komthamo.

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa engathi sína idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha, nakuba ithinta abantu abambalwa kakhulu abathatha i-methyldopa:

• Izinkinga ezinkulu zesibindi (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo, umchamo omnyama, ukukhathala okukhulu)
• Izifo zegazi ezibangela ukulimala noma ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile
• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu okunezinduna, ukuvuvukala, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukucindezeleka okukhulu noma imicabango yokuzilimaza
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Isiyezi esikhulu noma ukuquleka

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezinzima, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma funa ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo. Khumbula, le miphumela emibi ayivamile, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Methyldopa?

I-Methyldopa ayilungele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzocabangela isithombe sakho sempilo esiphelele ngaphambi kokuyinika. Ezinye izimo zenza lo muthi ube yingozi noma ungasebenzi kahle.

Akufanele uthathe i-methyldopa uma unesifo sesibindi esisebenzayo noma umlando wezinkinga zesibindi ezibangelwa yi-methyldopa esikhathini esidlule. Isibindi sakho sisebenzisa lo muthi, ngakho ukusebenza kwesibindi okunempilo kubalulekile ekusetshenzisweni okuphephile.

Abantu abanokucindezeleka okukhulu noma labo abathatha ama-antidepressants athile abizwa ngokuthi ama-MAO inhibitors kufanele bagweme i-methyldopa. Inhlanganisela ingenza ukucindezeleka kube kubi kakhulu noma ibangele ukuxhumana okuyingozi neminye imithi.

Uma une-pheochromocytoma (ithumba elingavamile le-adrenal gland), i-methyldopa ingabangela ukwanda okuyingozi komfutho wegazi. Udokotela wakho uzohlola lesi simo uma kukhona ukusola.

Ezinye izimo ezithile zidinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela nokuqapha eduze uma uthatha i-methyldopa:

• Isifo sezinso noma ukusebenza kwezinso okuncishisiwe
• Umlando wokushaywa unhlangothi noma isifo se-cerebrovascular
• Isifo sikaParkinson noma izifo zokunyakaza
• Isifo senhliziyo esibi noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo
• Umlando wezifo zegazi noma i-anemia
• Izimo ze-Autoimmune ezifana ne-lupus

Udktela wakho uzoqaphela izinzuzo uma ziqhathaniswa nezingozi ezingase zibe khona futhi angase akhethe ezinye izindlela zokwelapha uma i-methyldopa ingahambisani kahle nesimo sakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Methyldopa

I-Methyldopa itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, nakuba abantu abaningi besebenzisa inguqulo ejwayelekile. Igama lomkhiqizo elivame kakhulu yi-Aldomet, okuyiyo eyayiyisungulo yokuqala lapho umuthi wethulwa okokuqala.

Amanye amagama omkhiqizo ongahlangana nawo afaka i-Aldoril (inhlanganisela ne-hydrochlorothiazide) kanye nezinguqulo ezahlukene zabakhiqizi abajwayelekile. Ifomu elijwayelekile lisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinguqulo zegama lomkhiqizo futhi livame ukuba ngentengo ephansi.

Noma ngabe usebenzisa igama lomkhiqizo noma i-methyldopa ejwayelekile, isithako esisebenzayo nokusebenza kahle kuhlala kufana. Umkhemisi wakho angakusiza ukuthi uqonde noma yikuphi ukungafani kokubukeka noma izithako ezingasebenzi uma ushintsha phakathi kwabakhiqizi.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Methyldopa

Uma i-methyldopa ingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma ibangela imiphumela engathandeki, udokotela wakho unezinye izindlela eziningi zokwelapha umfutho wegazi ongakhetha kuzo. Uhlobo ngalunye lusebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi lungase luhambisane kangcono nezidingo zakho ezithile.

Ama-ACE inhibitors afana ne-lisinopril noma i-enalapril avame ukuba yizindlela zokuqala zokukhetha. Zisebenza ngokukhulula imithambo yegazi futhi zivame ukubekezelelwa kahle ngemiphumela emincane kuno-methyldopa.

Ama-calcium channel blockers afana ne-amlodipine noma i-nifedipine anikeza enye inketho. Le mithi ivimbela i-calcium ukuthi ingangeni enhliziyweni yakho namaseli emithambo yegazi, isize ukuba aphumule futhi anciphise umfutho wegazi.

Ama-beta-blockers afana ne-metoprolol noma i-atenolol anciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho futhi anciphise amandla okushaya kwenhliziyo yakho. Zisiza ikakhulukazi uma futhi unezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo noma uke wahlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Ama-diuretics (amaphilisi amanzi) afana ne-hydrochlorothiazide asiza izinso zakho ukuthi zikhiphe uketshezi oluningi nosawoti emzimbeni wakho. Zivame ukuhlanganiswa neminye imithi yomfutho wegazi ukuze kulawulwe kangcono.

Udaktela wakho uzocabangela iminyaka yakho, ezinye izimo zempilo, nokuthi usabela kanjani emithini ehlukene lapho ekhetha elinye elingcono kakhulu kuwe.

Ingabe i-Methyldopa ingcono kune-Lisinopril?

Noma ngabe i-methyldopa ingcono kune-lisinopril kuncike esimweni sakho sempilo kanye nokuthi usabela kanjani emithini ngayinye. Zombili ziyimithi esebenzayo yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi, kodwa zisebenza ngezindlela ezehlukene futhi zinezinhlobo ezihlukene zemiphumela emibi.

I-Lisinopril ivame ukukhethwa njengokwelashwa kokuqala ngoba ngokuvamile ibangela imiphumela emibi embalwa futhi ayibangeli ukozela okungabangelwa yi-methyldopa. Iphinde ithathwe kanye ngosuku, okutholakala abantu abaningi bekulula.

Kodwa-ke, i-methyldopa inezinzuzo ezimweni ezithile. Iphephile kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okuyenza ibe yindlela ekhethwayo yabesifazane abakhulelwe abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Iphinde yasetshenziswa isikhathi eside futhi inerekhodi elibanzi lokuphepha.

I-Methyldopa ingase ibe ngcono kuwe uma unezifo zezinso, njengoba icutshungulwa ngendlela ehlukile kune-lisinopril. Abanye abantu futhi bayayibekezelela i-methyldopa kangcono uma beke baba nezinkinga ngama-ACE inhibitors afana ne-lisinopril abangela ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo.

Udaktela wakho uzocabangela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele, eminye imithi oyithathayo, nezintandokazi zakho siqu lapho enquma ukuthi iyiphi imithi engcono kakhulu kuwe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Methyldopa

Ingabe i-Methyldopa iphephile ezigulini zenhliziyo?

Yebo, i-methyldopa ngokuvamile iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo futhi empeleni ingasiza ukuvikela inhliziyo yakho ngokwehlisa umfutho wegazi. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wenza inhliziyo yakho isebenze kanzima, ngakho ukuyilawula nge-methyldopa kunganciphisa ukucindezeleka ohlelweni lwakho lwe-cardiovascular.

Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho uzokuqapha eduze uma unezifo zenhliziyo. I-Methyldopa ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela ukugcinwa kwamanzi noma ithinte isigqi senhliziyo, ngakho ukuhlolwa okuvamile kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isebenza kahle kuwe ngaphandle kokubangela izinkinga.

Kumele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithatha I-Methyldopa Eningi Ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-methyldopa eningi, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha, ngisho noma uzizwa ulungile. Ukuthatha okuningi kungabangela ukwehla kwegazi okuyingozi, ukozela okukhulu, noma ubuthakathaka.

Ungazami ukulungisa ukweqisa ngokuqaqa umthamo wakho olandelayo. Kunalokho, funa isiqondiso sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, shayela izinsiza eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Kumele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Methyldopa?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-methyldopa, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukuthi umfutho wegazi wakho wehle kakhulu. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukuthi uhlale emkhondweni.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Methyldopa?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-methyldopa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa ngudokotela wakho. Ngisho noma uzizwa umkhulu futhi umfutho wegazi lakho ubonakala ujwayelekile, ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela umphumela oyingozi lapho umfutho wegazi wakho ukhuphuka kakhulu kunakuqala.

Udokotela wakho uzokwehlisa kancane kancane umthamo wakho emasontweni amaningana uma enquma ukuthi awusadingi i-methyldopa. Le nqubo yokunciphisa isiza umzimba wakho ukuthi ulungise ngokuphepha futhi ivimbela izinkinga ezivela ezingeni elingazelelwe lomfutho wegazi.

Ngingakwazi Ukuphuza Utshwala Ngenkathi Ngithatha I-Methyldopa?

Kungcono ukukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-methyldopa, njengoba kokubili kunganciphisa umfutho wegazi lakho futhi kubangele isiyezi noma ukozela. Ukuzihlanganisa kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yokuwa noma izingozi.

Uma ukhetha ukuphuza ngezikhathi ezithile, kwenze ngokulinganisela futhi unake indlela ozizwa ngayo. Qala ngotshwala obuncane kunokujwayelekile ukuze ubone ukuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani, futhi gwema ukuphuza uma usuvele uzizwa unesiyezi noma ukhathele ngenxa yemithi.