Yini i-Methylphenidate: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Methylphenidate iyimithi kadokotela esiza ukuthuthukisa ukugxila nokunciphisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwabantu abane-ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Ungase yazi kangcono ngamagama omkhiqizo afana ne-Ritalin noma i-Concerta. Le mithi isebenza ngokulungisa ngobumnene amakhemikhali athile obuchopho ukukusiza ukuthi uzizwe ugxile kakhulu futhi ungabi namandla, okwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ibe lula ukuyiphatha.

Yini i-Methylphenidate?

I-Methylphenidate ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-stimulants ohlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi. Naphezu kokubizwa ngokuthi “i-stimulant,” empeleni inemiphumela yokuthulisa kubantu abane-ADHD ngokusiza ukusebenza kobuchopho babo ngempumelelo enkulu. Cabanga ngayo njengokusiza uhlelo lokunaka lobuchopho bakho ukuthi lusebenze ngendlela okufanele lusebenze ngayo.

Le mithi isetshenziswe ngokuphepha amashumi eminyaka ukwelapha i-ADHD kubantwana nakubantu abadala. Iza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi akhishwa ngokushesha asebenza amahora ambalwa kanye nezinhlobo ezikhishwa isikhathi eside ezihlala usuku lonke. Udokotela wakho uzosiza ukunquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olusebenza kangcono ngezidingo zakho ezithile.

Isetshenziselwani i-Methylphenidate?

I-Methylphenidate ngokuyinhloko inikezwa ukwelapha i-ADHD ezinganeni, intsha, kanye nabantu abadala. Isiza ukunciphisa izimpawu ezinjengobunzima bokugxila, ukungazinzi, nokuziphatha okungahleliwe okungaphazamisa isikole, umsebenzi, noma ubudlelwano.

Odokotela ngezikhathi ezithile banikeza i-methylphenidate ye-narcolepsy, isimo lapho abantu belele ngokungalindelekile emini. Ezimweni ezinjalo, imithi isiza abantu ukuthi bahlale beqaphele futhi beqaphele phakathi namahora ajwayelekile emini.

Ngokuvamile, abahlinzeki bezempilo bangase bacabangele i-methylphenidate kwezinye izimo ezinjengokucindezeleka okukhulu okungazange kuphendule kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha, kodwa lokhu akuvamile futhi kudinga ukugadwa kwezokwelapha ngokucophelela.

Isebenza kanjani i-Methylphenidate?

I-Methylphenidate isebenza ngokukhuphula amazinga e-dopamine kanye ne-norepinephrine ebuchosheni bakho. Lawa amakhemikhali emvelo asiza ngokunaka, ukugxila, kanye nokulawula ukuziphatha. Abantu abane-ADHD bavame ukuba namazinga aphansi ala makhemikhali ezingxenyeni ezithile zobuchopho.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengomuthi onamandla futhi osebenza kahle kubantu abaningi abane-ADHD. Ngokuvamile uqala ukusebenza phakathi kwemizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60 ngemva kokuwuthatha, futhi ungase uqaphele ukuthuthuka ekwazi kwakho ukugxila, ukuhlala uzinzile, nokuqeda imisebenzi. Imiphumela ivame ukuhlala phakathi kwamahora ama-4 kuya kwali-12, kuye ngohlobo oluthathayo.

Umuthi awuyelaphi i-ADHD, kodwa unganciphisa kakhulu izimpawu ngenkathi isebenza emzimbeni wakho. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi iyabasiza ukuthi benze kangcono emsebenzini noma esikoleni futhi ithuthukisa ubuhlobo babo nomndeni nabangane.

Kufanele Ngiwuthathaphi Kanjani I-Methylphenidate?

Thatha i-methylphenidate ngendlela udokotela wakho ayikuyala ngayo, ngokuvamile kanye noma kabili ngosuku. Abantu abaningi bayithatha ekuseni, benokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, nakuba ukuyithatha nokudla kungasiza ekunciphiseni isisu uma lokho kuba yinkinga.

Ungathatha amaphilisi akhishwa ngokushesha ngamanzi, ubisi, noma ijusi. Uma uthatha amaphilisi akhishwa isikhathi eside, wagwinye wonke ngaphandle kokuwachoboza, ukuwahlafuna, noma ukuwavula. Ezinye izinhlobo ezikhishwa isikhathi eside zingavulwa futhi zifafazwe ekudleni okuthambile njenge-applesauce uma unzima ukugwinya amaphilisi.

Zama ukuthatha umuthi wakho ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo emzimbeni wakho. Uma uwuthatha sekwephuzile ngosuku, kungase kuphazamise ukulala kwakho, ngakho odokotela abaningi batusa ukuthatha umthamo wokugcina okungenani amahora angu-6 ngaphambi kokulala.

Gwema ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-methylphenidate, njengoba ingakhuphula imiphumela emibi futhi inciphise ukusebenza komuthi. Futhi, nciphisa ukuthatha i-caffeine ekhofini, itiye, noma iziphuzo zamandla, njengoba le nhlanganisela ingakwenza uzizwe unovalo noma ukhathazekile.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Methylphenidate?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-methylphenidate buhlukahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Abantu abaningi abane-ADHD bayazuza ekuyithatheni isikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi iminyaka eminingi, ngoba i-ADHD ngokuvamile iyisimo esihlala impilo yonke esidinga ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo.

Udokotela wakho uzobukeza njalo inqubekela phambili yakho futhi angase acebise ukuphumula ngezikhathi ezithile emuthini ukuze abone ukuthi wenza kanjani ngaphandle kwawo. Lokhu kuvamile ikakhulu ezinganeni nakubantu abasha, njengoba abanye bengase bangasadingi imithi njengoba ubuchopho babo buqhubeka nokukhula.

Abanye abantu bathatha i-methylphenidate kuphela ngezikhathi zesikole noma zomsebenzi, kanti abanye bathola ukuthi bayayidinga ngokuqhubekayo. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa kufanele lwenziwe ngendlela oyithandayo ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho, indlela yokuphila, nokuthi imithi isebenza kahle kangakanani kuwe.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-methylphenidate ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Nakuba ingaluthisi ngokomzimba uma isetshenziswa njengoba kunqunyiwe, ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungase kubangele izimpawu zakho ze-ADHD ukuthi zibuye ngokushesha, okungase kuphazamise impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Methylphenidate?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-methylphenidate ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi bengabi nezinkinga eziningi noma ezingekho. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini ongayilindela kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulungiseleleke kakhulu futhi wazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ngokuvamile imnene futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi:

• Ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla noma ukuncipha kwesisindo
• Ukuhluleka ukulala noma ukuhlala ulele
• Ikhanda
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu noma isicanucanu
• Ukuzizwa unovalo noma unqekula
• Isiyezi
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okwandayo

Le miphumela emibi ivame ukungabonakali ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa okwelashwa. Uma ziqhubeka noma zikuphazamisa kakhulu, udokotela wakho angavame ukulungisa umthamo wakho noma isikhathi sokusiza ukuzinciphisa.

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha futhi ihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Ushintsho olukhulu lwemizwa noma imicabango yokuzilimaza
• Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile njengokuqubuka, ukuvuvukala, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elinamandla noma umbono ongacacile
• Ukuthuthumela kwemisipha noma ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa engathi sína ingabandakanya ukwehla kokukhula ezinganeni, ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi, futhi ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, izinkinga ezingathi sína zenhliziyo. Udokotela wakho uzokuhlola njalo ukuze abheke lezi zinkinga, ikakhulukazi uma uqala ukwelashwa.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Methylphenidate?

I-Methylphenidate ayiphephile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyinika. Izimo ezithile nemithi kungenza i-methylphenidate ingafaneleki noma ibe yingozi.

Akufanele uthathe i-methylphenidate uma une:

• Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezinzima noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Ingcindezi yegazi ephezulu kakhulu
• I-Glaucoma (ukwanda kwengcindezi emehlweni)
• Ukukhathazeka okukhulu noma ukucasuka
• Umlando wokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa noma utshwala
• I-Tourette's syndrome noma ama-tics amakhulu
• I-Hyperthyroidism (ithoyidi elisebenza ngokweqile)

Udokotela wakho uzophinda aqaphele ngokunika i-methylphenidate uma unomlando wezimo zempilo yengqondo njenge-bipolar disorder noma i-psychosis, njengoba ngezinye izikhathi kungase kubhebhethekise lezi zimo.

Imithi ethile ayihambisani kahle ne-methylphenidate, okuhlanganisa ama-MAO inhibitors (uhlobo lwe-antidepressant), ama-blood thinners, kanye nemithi ethile yokulwa nokuthuthumela. Hlala utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, izithasiselo, kanye nemithi yama-herbs oyithathayo.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisa ibele kufanele baxoxe ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wabo, njengoba i-methylphenidate ingadlulela enganeni ngobisi lwebele futhi ingase ithinte ukukhula kwengane esiswini.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Methylphenidate

I-Methylphenidate itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi emikhiqizo, ngalinye linamafomula ahlukile kanye namaphethini okukhishwa. Amagama emikhiqizo ajwayelekile afaka i-Ritalin, i-Concerta, i-Metadate, ne-Daytrana (inguqulo yesiqeshana sesikhumba).

I-Ritalin iyinguqulo yokukhishwa ngokushesha evame ukuhlala amahora angu-3 kuya kwangu-4, kanti i-Ritalin LA iyifomu lokukhishwa elinwetshiwe elihlala cishe amahora angu-8. I-Concerta enye inketho yokukhishwa enwetshiwe engahlala kuze kufike emahoreni angu-12, okwenza ithandwe ukulawula izimpawu usuku lonke.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-methylphenidate nazo ziyatholakala futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinhlobo zemikhiqizo. Zivame ukungabizi futhi zingase zimbozwe kangcono yizinhlelo zomshuwalense. Umuthi wakho womuthi angakusiza ukuthi uqonde umehluko phakathi kwamafomula ahlukahlukene.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Methylphenidate

Uma i-methylphenidate ingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma ibangela imiphumela engathandeki, imithi eminingi ehlukile ingelapha i-ADHD ngempumelelo. Udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuzama umuthi ohlukile wokuvuselela njengemithi esekelwe ku-amphetamine efana ne-Adderall noma i-Vyvanse.

Izinketho ezingezona ezokuvuselela zifaka i-atomoxetine (Strattera), esebenza ngendlela ehlukile ebuchosheni futhi ayinayo indlela efanayo yokuhlukunyezwa. Ezinye izindlela zifaka i-guanfacine (Intuniv) ne-clonidine (Kapvay), ezisiza ikakhulukazi abantu abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu noma ukukhathazeka.

Abanye abantu bayazuza ekuhlanganiseni imithi noma ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kanye nemithi. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa kufanele lulungiswe ezimpawini zakho ezithile, indlela yokuphila, nokuthi usabela kanjani ezindleleni ezihlukene.

Ingabe i-Methylphenidate ingcono kune-Adderall?

Kokubili i-methylphenidate ne-Adderall ziyimithi ephumelelayo ye-ADHD, kodwa zisebenza kancane futhi zingase zithinte abantu ngezindlela ezihlukile. Akukho noyedwa ongcono kunomunye, futhi ukukhetha okungcono kuncike ekuphenduleni kwakho kanye nezidingo zakho.

I-Methylphenidate ivamele ukuba nesikhathi esifushane sokusebenza futhi ingase ibangele izinkinga ezimbalwa zokulala kwabanye abantu. I-Adderall, equkethe i-amphetamine, ivame ukuhlala isikhathi eside futhi ingase isebenze kahle kubantu abathile, kodwa ingase futhi ibangele ukucindezelwa okwengeziwe kwesifiso sokudla kanye nobunzima bokulala.

Abanye abantu basabela kangcono emuthini owodwa kunomunye, futhi akuyona into engavamile ukuthi odokotela bazame kokubili ukuze babone ukuthi yini esebenza kangcono. Izinto ezinjengohlelo lwakho lwansuku zonke, ukubekezelelana nemiphumela emibi, nokuthi umzimba wakho umetabolisa kanjani umuthi konke kunendima ekunqumeni ukukhetha okulungile.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izimpawu zakho ezithile, umlando wezokwelapha, nendlela yokuphila lapho ekusiza ukuthi ukhethe phakathi kwale mithi. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola umuthi okunikeza ukulawulwa okungcono kakhulu kwezimpawu ezinemiphumela emibi embalwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Methylphenidate

Ingabe i-Methylphenidate iphephile ezimweni zenhliziyo?

I-Methylphenidate ingakhuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi, ngakho-ke abantu abanezimo zenhliziyo badinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi. Udokotela wakho cishe uzo-oda i-EKG (ukuhlolwa kwesigqi senhliziyo) futhi angase axhumane nodokotela wenhliziyo uma unezinkinga zenhliziyo.

Uma unezinkinga ezincane zenhliziyo, udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukukuchazela i-methylphenidate ngokuqapha okuseduze. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanezimo zenhliziyo ezinzima njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, isifo senhliziyo, noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu kakhulu ngokuvamile abakwazi ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuphepha.

Ngingenzani uma ngithatha i-Methylphenidate eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-methylphenidate eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha okuningi kungabangela izimpawu ezinzima njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, ukuthuthumela, ukudideka, noma ukuquleka.

Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi ngabe izimpawu ziyavela yini, ikakhulukazi uma uthathe okuningi kakhulu kunomthamo wakho ovamile. Shayela ku-911 uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, noma uzizwa sengathi ungaquleka.

Ukuvimbela ukweqisa ngengozi, gcina imithi yakho esitsheni sayo sokuqala ngamalebula acacile, futhi cabanga ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi uma uthatha imithi eminingi.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngedlula Umthamo We-Methylphenidate?

Uma udlula umthamo we-methylphenidate okhishwe ngokushesha, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze nomthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Ungathathi imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo odluliwe.

Ngezindlela zokukhishwa okwandisiwe, thatha kuphela umthamo odluliwe uma kusekuqaleni kosuku. Ukuyithatha sekwephuzile kungaphazamisa ukulala kwakho. Uma sekusihlwa noma sekusihlwa, weqa umthamo odluliwe bese uqhubeka nohlelo lwakho olujwayelekile ngosuku olulandelayo.

Ukudlula imithamo ngezikhathi ezithile ngeke kukulimaze, kodwa zama ukugcina isimiso esiqhubekayo sokulawula izimpawu ezingcono kakhulu. Setha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma usebenzise uhlelo lokusebenza lwemithi uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Methylphenidate?

Ungayeka ukuthatha i-methylphenidate uma wena nodokotela wakho ninquma ukuthi kufanelekile, okungase kube lapho izimpawu zakho zilawulwa kahle ngezinye izindlela noma uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi ebalulekile. Abanye abantu bathatha amakhefu ahleliwe ukuze bahlole kabusha isidingo sabo semithi.

Izingane nentsha ngezinye izikhathi ziyakukhula isidingo sabo semithi ye-ADHD njengoba ubuchopho babo buqhubeka nokukhula. Abantu abadala bangase bathole ukuthi bangakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zabo ngezinguquko zokuphila, ukwelashwa, noma amanye amaqhinga ngemuva kokuthatha imithi isikhashana.

Njalo sebenzisana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze udale uhlelo lokuyeka imithi ngokuphepha. Bangase baphakamise ukunciphisa kancane umthamo wakho noma ukuhlela ukuyeka lapho unokwesekwa okwengeziwe, njengangesikhathi esingashubile.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Methylphenidate?

Kungcono ukugwema utshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-methylphenidate, njengoba utshwala bungakhuphula ingozi yemiphumela emibi futhi banciphise ukusebenza kahle komuthi. Inhlanganisela ingenza kube nzima ukwahlulela ukuthi ungakanani okuphuzile, okungaholela ezimweni eziyingozi.

Uma uphuza utshwala ngezikhathi ezithile, xoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho. Bangase bakucebise ukuthi ugweme utshwala ngokuphelele noma banikeze imihlahlandlela ethile mayelana nesikhathi kanye nenani elisekelwe esimweni sakho ngasinye kanye nohlelo lwemithi.

Khumbula ukuthi utshwala bungenza izimpawu ze-ADHD zibe zimbi njengokulawula okungalungile kokushukumisa nokuhluleka ukugxila, okungaphikisana nezinzuzo ozitholayo emuthini wakho.