Yini i-Nalbuphine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Nalbuphine iyimithi ebhalwe ngudokotela yokwelapha ubuhlungu eyingxenye yeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-opioid analgesics. Inikezwa ngomjovo ukwelapha ubuhlungu obumaphakathi nendawo obukhulu, ngokuvamile ezibhedlela noma ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Le mithi isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kuma-opioids ngoba ingakhulula ubuhlungu futhi inethonya eliphezulu lezinkinga zokuphefumula. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yindlela ebalulekile yokuphatha ubuhlungu ngenkathi kunciphisa ezinye izingozi ezihambisana nama-opioids aqinile.

Yini i-Nalbuphine?

I-Nalbuphine iyisidambisi sobuhlungu se-opioid esenziwe ngendlela yokwenziwa esinikezwa ngomjovo emsipheni noma emthanjeni. Ihlelwa njenge-mixed opioid agonist-antagonist, okusho ukuthi isebenza kuma-opioid receptors ebuchosheni bakho ngendlela eyingqayizivele.

Ngokungafani nemithi ye-opioid emsulwa, i-nalbuphine inezindawo zokukhulula ubuhlungu kanye nezici zokuphepha ezakhelwe ngaphakathi. Isebenzisa ama-opioid receptors athile ukuvimba izimpawu zobuhlungu ngenkathi ivimba ezinye ezingabangela imiphumela eyingozi efana nezinkinga ezinkulu zokuphefumula.

Umuthi uza njengesixazululo esicacile, esingenambala esilungiswa futhi sinikezwe abahlinzeki bezempilo. Ngokuvamile uzothola i-nalbuphine endaweni yezokwelapha lapho ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe bengaqapha impendulo yakho futhi balungise umthamo njengoba kudingeka.

Yini i-Nalbuphine Esizokwenzelwa Yona?

I-Nalbuphine isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuphatha ubuhlungu obumaphakathi nendawo obukhulu obudinga ukukhululeka kwezinga le-opioid. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bavame ukukhetha le mithi uma udinga ukulawulwa kobuhlungu obuqinile kodwa ufuna ukunciphisa izingozi ezithile ezihambisana nama-opioids endabuko.

Izimo ezivamile lapho ungase uthole khona i-nalbuphine zihlanganisa ukuhlinzwa, ukubeletha, nokuphathwa kobuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kuyasiza ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokubeletha ngoba kungahlinzeka ngokukhululeka okukhulu kobuhlungu ngaphandle kokubangela ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula okuningi ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.

Abanye abahlinzeki bezempilo basebenzisa i-nalbuphine ukwelapha izimo zobuhlungu ezingamahlalakhona lapho eminye imithi inganikezanga ukukhululeka okwanele. Kulezi zimo, izakhiwo ezihlukile zomuthi zingahlinzeka ngokuqeda ubuhlungu ngenkathi kunciphisa ingozi yokubekezelelana nokuncika okungase kuvele ngamanye ama-opioids.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-nalbuphine ingasetshenziswa ukuguqula eminye yemiphumela emibi yeminye imithi ye-opioids, ikakhulukazi izinkinga zokuphefumula, ngenkathi isagcina ukukhululeka kobuhlungu. Lokhu kuyenza ithuluzi eliguquguqukayo ekuphathweni kobuhlungu.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Nalbuphine?

I-Nalbuphine isebenza ngokuxhumana nama-opioid receptors ebuchosheni bakho nasemgogodleni, kodwa ikwenza ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi kune-opioids yendabuko. Ithathwa njengomuthi obuhlungu onamandla aphakathi nendawo onikeza ukukhululeka okusebenzayo ngaphandle kwezinye izingozi zama-opioids anamandla.

Lapho i-nalbuphine ingena ohlelweni lwakho, ibopha kuma-opioid receptors athile abizwa ngokuthi ama-kappa receptors, okusiza ukuvimba izimpawu zobuhlungu ekuvakasheni ebuchosheni bakho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ivimba ngokwengxenye ama-mu-opioid receptors, abangela kokubili ukukhululeka kobuhlungu nemiphumela emibi engaba yingozi njengezinkinga ezinzima zokuphefumula.

Lesi senzo esiphindwe kabili sidala lokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi

Ngaphambi kokuthola i-nalbuphine, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobukeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha nemithi yakho yamanje ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi kuphephile kuwe. Bazophinda baqaphe izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile, okuhlanganisa ukuphefumula kwakho, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, nomfutho wegazi, kuyo yonke inkambo yokwelashwa.

Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuhlela imithi ngesikhathi sokudla ngoba inikezwa ngomjovo. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlelelwe inqubo ebandakanya i-nalbuphine, ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokunikeza imiyalelo ethile mayelana nokudla nokuphuza ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Umthamo kanye nemvamisa yemijovo ye-nalbuphine kuncike ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa izinga lobuhlungu bakho, isisindo somzimba, ukusebenza kwezinso, nokuthi usabela kanjani emuthini. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzolungisa lokhu ngokuya ngezidingo zakho ngazinye nokusabela kwakho.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Nalbuphine?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-nalbuphine buhluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi kungani uyithola kanye nesimo sakho sezokwelapha ngasinye. Ngezindlela zokuhlinzwa noma izigameko zobuhlungu obukhulu, ungase uyithole amahora ambalwa nje noma izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Ezindaweni zasemtholampilo, abahlinzeki bezempilo bavame ukusebenzisa i-nalbuphine ukuze balawule ubuhlungu besikhashana ngesikhathi sezinqubo noma esikhathini esiseduze ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Umgomo uwukuhlinzeka ngokuqeda ubuhlungu obusebenzayo ngesikhathi esinzima kakhulu ngenkathi ushintshela kwamanye amaqhinga okulawula ubuhlungu njengoba ululama.

Ezimweni zobuhlungu obungapheli, abanye abantu bangase bathole i-nalbuphine isikhathi eside, kodwa lokhu kudinga ukuqapha okucophelelayo yithimba lakho lezempilo. Bazohlola njalo ukuthi ngabe imithi isahlinzeka ngemihlomulo nokuthi ngabe kudingeka yini ukulungiswa.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzosebenza nawe ukuze anqume ubude obufanele bokwelashwa ngokusekelwe ezingeni lobuhlungu bakho, inqubekela phambili yokuphola, nesimo sempilo yakho esiphelele. Bazophinda baxoxe ngokuthi nini nokuthi kanjani bangashintshela kwezinye izindlela zokuphatha ubuhlungu njengoba kufanelekile.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Nalbuphine?

Njengazo zonke izidakamizwa, i-nalbuphine ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulungiseleleke kakhulu futhi wazi ukuthi nini okufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Nawa amanye emiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole nge-nalbuphine:

• Ukozela noma ukuthula
• Isiyezi noma ukukhathala
• Ukucasuka noma ukuhlanza
• Ikhanda
• Umlomo owomile
• Ukujuluka
• Ukuzizwa udidekile noma ungaziqondi izinto

Le miphumela emibi ejwayelekile ivamise ukuba milde futhi ithambekele ekuthuthukiseni njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokuqapha ngokucophelela futhi linganikeza ukunakekelwa okusekelayo uma kudingeka.

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi ingabandakanya izinkinga zokuphefumula, ukusabela okukhulu komzimba, noma ukwehla okukhulu kwengcindezi yegazi. Lokhu akuvamile kodwa kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela engokwengqondo efana nokukhathazeka, ukungazinzi, noma izinguquko zemizwa. Uma uqaphela noma yimiphi imicabango noma imizwa engajwayelekile, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalezi nezinsiza zakho zezempilo.

Ngokuvamile, i-nalbuphine ingabangela izinkinga ezingathi sína ezinjengokuhlaselwa, ukusabela okukhulu komzimba okunzima ukuphefumula noma ukuvuvukala, noma izinguquko ezinkulu zesigqi senhliziyo. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo liqeqeshwe ukubona nokuphatha lezi zindlela ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Nalbuphine?

I-Nalbuphine ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi iphephile yini kuwe ngaphambi kokuphathwa. Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha nezimo zenza i-nalbuphine ibe yingozi noma ingasebenzi kahle.

Akufanele uthole i-nalbuphine uma wazi ukuthi unokungezwani komzimba ne-nalbuphine noma imithi efanayo ye-opioid. Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba zingabandakanya ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo, noma ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba.

Abantu abanezinkinga ezinkulu zokuphefumula, njengesifuba somoya esiqinile noma isifo sokuvinjelwa kwamaphaphu esingapheli (COPD), kungenzeka bangabi ngabantu abafanelekayo ku-nalbuphine. Ngenkathi iphephile kunezinye izidakamizwa ezinobuthi mayelana nokucindezelwa kokuphefumula, ingase isathinte ukusebenza kwakho kokuphefumula.

Uma unezifo ezinzima zesibindi noma izinso, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzodinga ukucabangela ngokucophelela ukuthi i-nalbuphine ilungele yini wena. Lezi zitho zisiza ukucubungula nokususa imithi emzimbeni wakho, ngakho-ke izinkinga ngokusebenza kwazo zingathinta indlela umuthi osebenza ngayo.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe badinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile uma kuziwa ku-nalbuphine. Ngenkathi ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokubeletha, isikhathi kanye nomthamo kudinga ukuhlelwa ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha komama nomntwana.

Abantu abanomlando wokusebenzisa izidakamizwa noma ukulutheka kungenzeka badinga izindlela zokulawula ubuhlungu ezingezinye. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoxoxa ngezinketho eziphephile nezisebenzayo kakhulu zesimo sakho esithile.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Nalbuphine

I-Nalbuphine iyatholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, nakuba ivame ukutholakala njengomuthi ojwayelekile. Igama lomkhiqizo elaziwa kakhulu yi-Nubain, okuyiyona nguqulo yokuqala ye-nalbuphine.

Amanye amagama omkhiqizo ongahlangana nawo afaka i-Nalbuphine HCl kanye nezindlela ezihlukahlukene ezijwayelekile. Isithako esisebenzayo nokusebenza kahle kuhlala kufana kungakhathaliseki igama lomkhiqizo noma umenzi.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokuvamile uzosebenzisa noma iyiphi ifomula etholakalayo esikhungweni sabo. Zonke izinhlobo ze-nalbuphine kumele zihlangabezane nezindinganiso ezifanayo zokuphepha nokusebenza kahle ezibekwe yizinhlangano ezilawulayo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Nalbuphine

Uma i-nalbuphine ingakulungele noma inganikezi ukukhululeka okwanele kobuhlungu, imithi eminingi ehlukile ingacutshungulwa. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokhetha inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho zezokwelapha kanye nezimo.

Eminye imithi ye-opioid efana ne-morphine, fentanyl, noma i-hydromorphone ingaba ezinye izindlela zokuphatha ubuhlungu obukhulu. Le mithi isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kune-nalbuphine futhi ingase ifaneleke kakhulu kuye ngesimo sakho.

Ukuze kulawulwe ubuhlungu obumaphakathi, imithi efana ne-tramadol noma imithi ehlanganisiwe equkethe i-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen ingase isebenze. Lezi zinketho zivame ukuba namaphrofayili ahlukene emiphumeleni engemihle futhi zingase zifaneleke kangcono ezidingweni zakho.

Izindlela zokuphatha ubuhlungu ezingezona eze-opioid nazo zingase zisebenze kahle kakhulu, okuhlanganisa ukuvinjelwa kwemizwa, imijovo ye-epidural, noma ezinye izindlela ze-anesthesia zesifunda. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lingaxoxa ngezindlela ezingase zisebenze kangcono ohlotsheni lwakho oluthile lobuhlungu.

Ukukhethwa kwenye indlela kuncike ezintweni ezifana nobukhulu bobuhlungu bakho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, eminye imithi oyithathayo, kanye nezintandokazi zakho mayelana nezindlela zokuphatha ubuhlungu.

Ingabe i-Nalbuphine Ingcono Kune-Morphine?

I-Nalbuphine ne-morphine yomibili iyimithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu esebenzayo, kodwa isebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi inezinzuzo ezihlukile kuye ngesimo sakho sezokwelapha. Akukho noyedwa ongcono kunomunye – ukukhetha kuncike ezidingweni zakho kanye nezimo zakho.

I-Nalbuphine inezinzuzo ezithile zokuphepha ngaphezu kwe-morphine, ikakhulukazi mayelana nezinkinga zokuphefumula. Umphumela wophahla wokucindezelwa kokuphefumula usho ukuthi i-nalbuphine ayinethuba elikhulu lokubangela izinkinga zokuphefumula eziyingozi, ngisho nasemithini ephezulu.

I-Morphine, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ivame ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ekuqede ubuhlungu obukhulu futhi ayinawo umphumela ofanayo wophahla wokukhululeka kobuhlungu njenge-nalbuphine. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-morphine inganikeza ukukhululeka kobuhlungu obuqinile uma kudingeka, kodwa futhi inezingozi eziphezulu.

Ezimweni ezithile, njengokubeletha noma ezigulini ezinokuphefumula okungahambisani kahle, i-nalbuphine ingase ithandwe ngenxa yephrofayili yayo yokuphepha. Ngezinhlungu ezingapheli ezinzima noma ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa, i-morphine ingase isebenze kangcono.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzocabangela izinto ezinjengobukhulu bezinhlungu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha, eminye imithi, kanye nezinto eziyingozi lapho ekhetha phakathi kwale mithi. Zombili zingaba izinqumo ezinhle uma zisetshenziswa ngendlela efanele.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Nalbuphine

Umbuzo 1. Ingabe i-Nalbuphine iphephile Kwabesifazane Abakhulelwe?

I-Nalbuphine ingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokubeletha, kodwa idinga ukugadwa ngokucophelela kwezokwelapha. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bavame ukukhetha i-nalbuphine ngesikhathi sokuzalwa ngoba inikeza ukukhululeka okusebenzayo ezinhlungwini ngenkathi iphephile ngokuqhathaniswa nabanye abanye ama-opioids kumama nomntwana.

Umuthi udlula ngesitho somzimba, okusho ukuthi ungamthinta umntwana. Kodwa-ke, umphumela we-nalbuphine ophahleni lokucindezelwa kokuphefumula kwenza kungase kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu zokuphefumula ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-opioids.

Uma ukhulelwe futhi udinga ukuphathwa kwezinhlungu, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokala ngokucophelela izinzuzo nezingozi ze-nalbuphine uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinketho. Bazophinde bakuqaphele wena nomntwana wakho ngokuseduze ngesikhathi nangemva kokuphathwa.

Umbuzo 2. Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithola I-Nalbuphine Eningi Ngengozi?

Njengoba i-nalbuphine inikezwa kuphela ochwepheshe bezempilo ezindaweni zezokwelapha, ukweqisa ngengozi akunakwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nokozela okukhulu, ukudideka, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ezinye izimpawu ezikhathazayo, yazisa ithimba lakho lezempilo ngokushesha.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo banemithi nemishini etholakalayo yokuguqula imiphumela ye-nalbuphine uma kudingeka. Baqeqeshwe ukubona nokuphatha izimo zokweqisa ngokushesha nangempumelelo.

Umphumela ophahleni lwe-nalbuphine usho ukuthi ukucindezelwa kokuphefumula akunakwenzeka ukuthi kube yingozi ekuphileni uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-opioids, kodwa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kusabalulekile uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima.

Umbuzo 3. Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Nalbuphine?

Njengoba i-nalbuphine inikezwa ochwepheshe bezempilo ngeshejuli ethile esekelwe ezidingweni zakho zezokwelapha, akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokweqa imithamo. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizolawula isikhathi kanye nomthamo womuthi wakho.

Uma ukhathazekile ngokuphathwa kobuhlungu noma uzwa sengathi ubuhlungu bakho abulawuleki ngokwanele, xoxa ngalokhu nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Bangashintsha uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa noma banikeze ukukhululeka okwengeziwe kobuhlungu njengoba kudingeka.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizogada amazinga akho obuhlungu futhi lilungise imvamisa kanye nomthamo we-nalbuphine ngokusekelwe ekuphenduleni kwakho kanye nesimo sezokwelapha.

Q4. Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Nalbuphine?

Isinqumo sokuyeka i-nalbuphine sincike esimweni sakho sezokwelapha, amazinga obuhlungu, kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa olujwayelekile. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzonquma ukuthi kufanele nini ukuyeka umuthi noma uguqukele kwezinye izindlela zokuphatha ubuhlungu.

Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana ngesikhathi sezinqubo noma izigameko zobuhlungu obukhulu, i-nalbuphine ivamise ukuyekwa lapho ubuhlungu behla baya emazingeni alawulekayo noma lapho amaqhinga okuphatha ubuhlungu ahlukile efaneleka.

Uma ubelokhu uthola i-nalbuphine isikhathi eside, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase anciphise kancane umthamo esikhundleni sokuyeka kungazelelwe. Lokhu kusiza ekuvimbeleni izimpawu zokuhoxiswa futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuhlungu bakho buqhubeka bulawulwa kahle ngesikhathi sokuguquka.

Q5. Ingabe i-Nalbuphine ingabangela ukulutheka?

I-Nalbuphine inethuba eliphansi lokulutheka uma iqhathaniswa neminye imithi eminingi ye-opioid ngenxa yendlela yayo eyingqayizivele yokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, njengawo wonke ama-opioids, ingakwazi ukubangela ukuncika ngokomzimba futhi inamathuba athile okusetshenziswa kabi.

Izakhiwo ezixubile ze-agonist-antagonist ze-nalbuphine zisho ukuthi mancane amathuba okuthi ikhiqize imiphumela ye-euphoric engaholela ekuluthekeni. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yindlela ephephe kakhulu kubantu abaningi abadinga ukukhululeka kobuhlungu ezingeni le-opioid.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokugada ukuze abone izimpawu zokuncika noma ukusetshenziswa kabi, ikakhulukazi uma udinga i-nalbuphine isikhathi eside. Bazophinde baxoxe ngamasu okunciphisa ingozi yokulutheka ngenkathi beqinisekisa ukuphathwa kobuhlungu obusebenzayo.