Yini i-Naldemedine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Naldemedine iyimithi kadokotela esiza ukwelapha ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa imithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu ye-opioid. Uma usebenzisa ama-opioid ngenxa yobuhlungu obungapheli futhi ukhathazeka ngokuqunjelwa, i-naldemedine isebenza ngokuvimba ama-receptor e-opioid ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukukhululeka kobuhlungu. Le ndlela eqondiswe ngqo ivumela ukunyakaza kwamathumbu akho ukuthi kubuyele endleleni ejwayelekile ngenkathi imithi yakho yokwelapha ubuhlungu iqhubeka nokusebenza ngempumelelo.

Yini i-Naldemedine?

I-Naldemedine ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-opioid antagonists. Yenzelwe ngqo ukulwa nemiphumela yokuqunjelwa yemithi ye-opioid ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izinzuzo zayo zokukhulula ubuhlungu. Cabanga ngayo njenge-blocker ekhethekile esebenza kuphela emathunjini akho.

Umuthi wathuthukiswa ngoba ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa yi-opioid kuthinta cishe wonke umuntu othatha imithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu ye-opioid njalo. Ngokungafani nokuqunjelwa okuvamile, lolu hlobo ngokuvamile aluphenduli kahle emithini ejwayelekile efana nezithasiselo ze-fiber noma ama-laxatives angaphandle kwe-counter.

Yini i-Naldemedine Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Naldemedine iphatha ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa yi-opioid kubantu abadala abanezinhlungu ezingapheli ezingezona umdlavuza. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzokunika umuthi uma ubulokhu uthatha imithi ye-opioid njalo futhi uhlangabezana nokuqunjelwa okuqhubekayo ngenxa yalokho.

Umuthi wenzelwe ngqo abantu abangathuthukiswanga ukuqunjelwa kwabo ngeminye imithi efana nezinguquko zokudla, ukwanda kokuthatha uketshezi, noma ama-laxatives angaphandle kwe-counter. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-naldemedine isebenza kuphela ekuqunjelweni okubangelwa ama-opioid, hhayi ezinye izinhlobo zokuqunjelwa.

Isebenza Kanjani i-Naldemedine?

I-Naldemedine isebenza ngokuvimba ama-receptor e-opioid ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Uma uthatha imithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu ye-opioid, zibopha kuma-receptor emzimbeni wakho wonke, okuhlanganisa emathunjini akho, okunciphisa ukugaya futhi kubangele ukuqunjelwa.

Lo muthi usebenza njengokhiye ongalingana kulawo ma-receptor amathumbu akho, uvimbela ama-opioids ukuthi angabophi lapho. Kodwa-ke, i-naldemedine ayiweli ebuchosheni bakho noma emgogodleni, ngakho-ke ayiphazamisi ukukhululeka kobuhlungu. Lesi senzo esikhethekile senza kube yisixazululo esiphumelelayo sokugcina ukuphathwa kobuhlungu ngenkathi kubuyiselwa ukusebenza kwamathumbu okuvamile.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Naldemedine?

Thatha i-naldemedine ngendlela eqondile udokotela wakho ayalela ngayo, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku ngaphandle kokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Umthamo ovamile womuntu omdala ungu-0.2 mg (ithebhulethi elilodwa) elithathwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Gwinya ithebhulethi yonke ngamanzi futhi ungayichobozi, uyihlephule, noma uyihlafune.

Ungathatha i-naldemedine ngesikhathi sokudla uma ikukhathaza isisu, nakuba ukudla kungawuthinti ngendlela enkulu umuthi. Zama ukusungula umkhuba ngokuwuthatha ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukukusiza ukuthi ukhumbule futhi ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo ohlelweni lwakho.

Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinye izindlela. Ungayeki ukuthatha imithi yakho yobuhlungu ye-opioid lapho uqala i-naldemedine ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ngqo ukuthi wenze kanjalo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani I-Naldemedine?

Ngokuvamile uzothatha i-naldemedine uma nje uthatha imithi yobuhlungu ye-opioid futhi uhlangabezana nokuqunjelwa. Abantu abaningi baqhubeka beyithatha kuyo yonke inkathi yabo yokwelashwa nge-opioid, okungaba ngamasonto, izinyanga, noma isikhathi eside kuye ngezidingo zakho zokuphatha ubuhlungu.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha impendulo yakho emuthini futhi angashintsha uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngokusekelwe ekutheni usebenza kahle kangakanani. Abanye abantu baqaphela ukuthuthuka ekuhambeni kwamathumbu abo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, kanti abanye bangathatha isonto ukubona izinzuzo ezigcwele.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-naldemedine ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Uma udinga ukuyeka umuthi, udokotela wakho uzokuqondisa kulo lonke le nqubo futhi axoxe ngezindlela zokwelapha ezingezinye zokuphatha ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa yi-opioid.

Ziyini Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Naldemedine?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-naldemedine ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela eminingi emibi imnene futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole ihlanganisa ubuhlungu besisu, isifo sohudo, isicanucanu, kanye ne-gastroenteritis (izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane wesisu). Le miphumela yokugaya ukudla inengqondo uma kubhekwa ukuthi umuthi usebenza kanjani ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwamathumbu okuvamile.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile okufanele uyazi:

• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukuqaqamba
• Isifo sohudo
• Isicanucanu
• Ukuphalaza
• Izimpawu ze-Gastroenteritis

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuba zesikhashana futhi zibe mnene. Kodwa-ke, uma isifo sohudo siba sibi noma siqhubeka, xhumana nodokotela wakho njengoba ungase udinge ukulungisa umthamo wakho noma umise umuthi okwesikhashana.

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa engathi sína ingenzeka, nakuba ingavamile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, izimpawu zokuvinjwa kwamathumbu, noma ukusabela komzimba. Uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuphalaza okuqhubekayo, noma izimpawu zokusabela komzimba njengesikhuhlane, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukuvuvukala, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Naldemedine?

I-Naldemedine ayifanele wonke umuntu. Akufanele uthathe lo muthi uma wazi ukuthi unokuvaleka kwamathumbu noma ukuvinjelwa, njengoba kungase kwenze lezi zimo zibe zimbi.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyala i-naldemedine. Abantu abanezimo ezithile zokugaya ukudla bangase badinge ukuqashwa okukhethekile noma bangase bangabi ngabakhethi balolu muthi.

Nazi izimo ezingase zikuvimbele ukuthatha i-naldemedine:

• Ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu okwaziwayo noma okusolwayo
• Izinkinga ezinkulu zesibindi
• Ukungezwani komzimba ne-naldemedine noma izithako zayo
• Izifo ezithile zokugaya ukudla ezithinta ukunyakaza kwamathumbu

Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisayo kufanele baxoxe ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wabo, njengoba ukuphepha kwe-naldemedine ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa kungakahlolisiswa ngokugcwele. Udokotela wakho uzohlola izinzuzo ezingaba khona ngokumelene nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezingenzeka.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Naldemedine

I-Naldemedine itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Symproic e-United States. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu ukunqunywa lomuthi futhi luza ngamaphilisi angu-0.2 mg.

Inguqulo ejwayelekile ye-naldemedine ingase itholakale esikhathini esizayo, kodwa okwamanje, i-Symproic igama eliyinhloko lomkhiqizo ozohlangana nalo. Njalo sebenzisa umuthi oqondile odokotela bakho abaku-oda futhi ungafaki ezinye izinhlobo ngaphandle kwemvume yezokwelapha.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Naldemedine

Uma i-naldemedine ingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma idala imiphumela engathandeki, eminye imithi eminingi ingelapha ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa yi-opioid. Udokotela wakho angase acabangele i-methylnaltrexone (Relistor) noma i-naloxegol (Movantik), esebenza ngendlela efanayo ngokuvimba ama-receptor e-opioid ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla.

Abanye abantu bathola impumelelo ngamayeza ajwayelekile afana ne-polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX) noma ama-laxatives akhuthazayo, nakuba lawa ngokuvamile engasebenzi kahle ekuqunjelweni okubangelwa yi-opioid. Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome izinguquko zokuphila ezifana nokwanda kokudla kwe-fiber, ukuzivocavoca okwengeziwe, kanye nokuthatha amanzi anele njengezindlela zokwengeza.

Ukukhetha enye indlela kuncike esimweni sakho esithile, eminye imithi oyithathayo, nokusabela komzimba wakho ekwelashweni okuhlukene. Ungalokothi ushintshe imithi ngaphandle kokubonisana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kuqala.

Ingabe i-Naldemedine ingcono kune-Methylnaltrexone?

Kokubili i-naldemedine ne-methylnaltrexone zombili ziphatha ngempumelelo ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa yi-opioid, kodwa zinezinzuzo ezihlukene. I-Naldemedine ithathwa ngomlomo kanye ngosuku, okwenza kube lula kubantu abaningi, kuyilapho i-methylnaltrexone ngokuvamile inikezwa njengomjovo.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwala makhambi kuvame ukuncika ezintweni ozithandayo, indlela yakho yokuphila, nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani emithini ngayinye. Abanye abantu bakhetha ukuthatha iphilisi nsuku zonke, kanti abanye bangase basabele kangcono emuthini wokujova.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengeminye imithi oyithathayo, ukusebenza kwezinso zakho, nezinto ozithandayo lapho enquma ukuthi iyiphi inketho engcono kuwe. Yomibili le mithi inamazinga okusebenza afanayo, ngakho-ke isinqumo sivame ukuncika ezintweni ezingokoqobo kanye nokusabela komuntu ngamunye.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Naldemedine

Ingabe i-Naldemedine iphephile kubantu abanezifo zezinso?

Abantu abanezinkinga zezinso eziphakathi nendawo bangavame ukuthatha i-naldemedine ngokuphepha, kodwa udokotela wakho angase adinge ukukuqapha eduze. Uma unezifo ezinzima zezinso, udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela izinzuzo nezingozi ngaphambi kokukuyalela lo muthi.

Ukusebenza kwezinso zakho kuthinta indlela umzimba wakho oyiqeda ngayo i-naldemedine, ngakho-ke ukulungiswa komthamo kungase kudingeke. Njalo yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izinkinga zezinso ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi, futhi uye kuyo yonke imihlangano elandelayo enconyiwe ukuze uqashwe.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuzile i-Naldemedine eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uphuze i-naldemedine eningi kunaleyo oyiyalelwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuphuza okuningi kungaholela esifo sohudo esibi, ukoma, noma ezinye izinkinga ezinzima zokugaya ukudla.

Ungazami ukuzelapha ngokweqile. Ngenkathi ulinde iseluleko sezokwelapha, hlala unamanzi futhi uzihlolele izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, noma izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Gcina ibhodlela lomuthi unawe lapho ufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ukuze abahlinzeki bezempilo bazi kahle ukuthi yini nokuthi ungakanani oyiphuzile.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Naldemedine?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-naldemedine, yithathe ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Esimweni esinjalo, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esijwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungandisa ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha i-alamu yansuku zonke noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukhumbule.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Naldemedine?

Ngokuvamile, ungaqeda ukuthatha i-naldemedine lapho ungasadingi imithi ebuhlungu ye-opioid noma lapho udokotela wakho enquma ukuthi akusadingeki. Abantu abaningi bayayeka i-naldemedine lapho beqeda ukwelashwa kwabo nge-opioid noma beshintshela ekuphathweni kobuhlungu okungekona okwe-opioid.

Njalo xhumana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuyeka i-naldemedine, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela uhlelo lwakho lokulawula ubuhlungu olujwayelekile futhi angase afune ukukuqapha ukuze ubone ukuthi izimpawu zokuqunjelwa ziyabuya ngaphambi kokuyeka ngokuphelele umuthi.

Ngingayithatha i-Naldemedine nezinye izithambisi?

Ngokuvamile, akufanele udinge ezinye izithambisi ngenkathi uthatha i-naldemedine, njengoba iqondise ngqo ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa yi-opioid. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase ngezinye izikhathi ancome ukuhlanganisa ukwelashwa uma unezinye izimbangela zokuqunjelwa.

Ungalokothi ungeze ezinye izithambisi emsebenzini wakho ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekuhambeni kwamathumbu ngokweqile noma ezinye izinkinga. Uma i-naldemedine yodwa inganikezi ukukhululeka okwanele, xoxa ngalokhu nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kunokuzelapha ngemithi eyengeziwe.