Yini Ukujova kwe-Naloxone: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

Ukujova kwe-Naloxone yimithi esindisa impilo esheshayo ebuyisa ukweqisa kwe-opioid. Isebenza ngokuvimba ama-receptor e-opioid ebuchosheni bakho, empeleni "ixosha" izidakamizwa eziyingozi njenge-heroin, i-fentanyl, noma izidambisi zinhlungu ezinqunyiwe eziye zabangela ukuthi othile ayeke ukuphefumula noma alahlekelwe ukwazi.

Le mithi isibe yithuluzi elibalulekile ekulweni nenkinga ye-opioid. Abaphenduli bezimo eziphuthumayo, abasebenzi bezempilo, ngisho namalungu omndeni bayayisebenzisa ukusindisa izimpilo lapho othile ethatha izidakamizwa ze-opioid eziningi kakhulu.

Yini Ukujova kwe-Naloxone?

Ukujova kwe-Naloxone yisidakamizwa esisebenza ngokushesha esibuyisa ubuthi be-opioid. Cabanga ngayo njengebhegi eliphuthumayo lobuchopho bakho lapho ama-opioid esinze ukuphefumula kwakho nesilinganiso senhliziyo emazingeni ayingozi.

Umuthi uza ngezindlela ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa ama-auto-injectors okulula ukuwasebenzisa ngisho nangaphandle kokuqeqeshwa kwezokwelapha. Yaziwa nangamagama omkhiqizo afana ne-Narcan, Evzio, kanye ne-Zimhi.

I-Naloxone isebenza ngokunamathela kuma-receptor obuchopho afanayo ama-opioid aqondiswe kuwo. Kodwa-ke, ayiwavuli la ma-receptor njengoba ama-opioid enza. Esikhundleni salokho, iyawavimba, okuyeka imiphumela esongela impilo yokweqisa kwe-opioid.

Yini Ukujova kwe-Naloxone Okusetshenziselwa Yona?

Ukujova kwe-Naloxone kuphatha ukweqisa kwe-opioid okubangelwa yizidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni nezinqunyiwe. Isetshenziswa lapho othile ethatha imithi eminingi kakhulu efana ne-morphine, i-oxycodone, i-heroin, noma i-fentanyl.

Umuthi uklanyelwe ngokuqondile izimo eziphuthumayo lapho othile ekhombisa izimpawu zobuthi be-opioid. Lezi zimpawu zihlanganisa ukuphefumula okuhamba kancane noma okuyekile, izindebe noma izinzipho eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukungazi, nemisindo yokugqashula.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo nabo basebenzisa i-naloxone ezibhedlela nasemitholampilo ukubuyisa imiphumela yemithi ye-opioid ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma izinqubo zezokwelapha. Amaqembu ezokwelapha eziphuthumayo ayithwala kuma-ambulensi njengemishini ejwayelekile.

Abanye abantu abasengozini enkulu yokweqisa imithi bagcina i-naloxone emakhaya. Lokhu kuhlanganisa abantu abathatha ama-opioid kadokotela ukuze balawule ubuhlungu noma labo abasavela ekuluthweni i-opioid.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Naloxone Injection?

I-Naloxone injection isebenza ngokuncintisana nama-opioid ngendawo kuma-receptors obuchopho. Inamandla amakhulu okuheha kula ma-receptors kunama-opioid amaningi, ngakho-ke ingawaqeda.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengomuthi onamandla kakhulu futhi osebenza ngokushesha. Uma ufakwa, ngokuvamile uqala ukusebenza ngemizuzu emi-2 kuya kwemi-5, okubalulekile ngesikhathi sokweqisa lapho wonke umzuzwana ubalulekile.

Imiphumela ye-naloxone ivame ukuhlala imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-90. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba amanye ama-opioid ahlala ohlelweni lwakho isikhathi eside kunokuthi i-naloxone isebenza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu angabuyela ekweqiseni ngemuva kokuthi i-naloxone iphelile.

I-Naloxone ayikwenzi uzizwe kahle noma ibangele ukuphakama. Vele ivimba imiphumela eyingozi yama-opioid ngaphandle kokudala imiphumela yayo ye-euphoric.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Naloxone Injection?

I-Naloxone injection kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo sokweqisa i-opioid. Uma usola ukuthi othile uqise imithi, shayela izinsiza eziphuthumayo ngokushesha ngaphambi kokunikeza i-naloxone.

Ama-naloxone injections amaningi eza njengama-auto-injectors akuqondisa ngenqubo ngemiyalo yezwi. Ngokuvamile uyayifaka emsipheni wethanga langaphandle, ngqo ngengubo uma kunesidingo.

Ngemuva kokunikeza umjovo, hlala nomuntu futhi ulungele ukunikeza umthamo wesibili uma bengaphenduli ngemizuzu emi-2 kuya kwemi-3. Ukweqisa okuningi kudinga imithamo eminingi ukuze kubuyiswe ngokugcwele imiphumela.

Awudingi ukudla noma ukuphuza noma yini ekhethekile ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-naloxone. Umuthi usebenza kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini esiswini sakho.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Naloxone Injection?

I-Naloxone injection akuyona imithi oyithatha njalo. Isetshenziswa kuphela ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo sokweqisa njengokwelashwa kwesikhathi esisodwa.

Imiphumela yomjovo owodwa ivamise ukuhlala imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-90. Kodwa-ke, ungase udinge ukunikeza imithamo eyengeziwe uma umuntu engasabeli noma uma ebuyela ekweqiseni.

Ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-naloxone, umuntu udinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha. Odokotela begumbi eliphuthumayo bazobahlola futhi banikeze ukwelashwa okwengeziwe njengoba kudingeka.

Uma ugcina i-naloxone ekhaya ngezimo eziphuthumayo, hlola usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi njalo. Imikhiqizo eminingi ye-naloxone ihlala isebenza iminyaka emi-2 kuya kwemi-3 uma igcinwe kahle.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Yomjovo We-Naloxone?

Umjovo we-naloxone ungenza izimpawu zokuhoxiswa kubantu abasebenzisa ama-opioid njalo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba umuthi uvinjelwa ngokuzumayo yonke imiphumela ye-opioid emzimbeni wabo.

Imiphumela ejwayelekile ongase uyibone ihlanganisa isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukujuluka, nokuthukuthela. Umuntu angase futhi abe nobuhlungu bomzimba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, nomfutho wegazi ophezulu.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ebikwa kaningi lapho i-naloxone inikezwa ngesikhathi sokweqisa:

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ukujuluka nokubanda
• Ukungazinzi nokuthukuthela
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha nobuhlungu
• Ukuphuma kwamakhala nokukhalisa

Lezi zimpawu zokuhoxiswa azinethezekile kodwa azisongeli ukuphila. Zivame ukuhlala amahora ambalwa futhi zithuthuke kancane kancane njengoba i-naloxone iphela.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kodwa ingabandakanya ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ukuquleka, noma izinguquko ezinkulu zomfutho wegazi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho othile enezinye izimo zempilo noma ethatha amanani amakhulu kakhulu ama-opioid.

Abanye abantu bazwa ukusabela kwendawo yokujova njengobuhlungu, ububomvu, noma ukuvuvukala lapho inaliti yayingena khona. Lezi zisabela zivame ukuba mnene futhi zinyamalale ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole Umjovo We-Naloxone?

Bambalwa kakhulu abantu okufanele bakugweme ukujovwa kwe-naloxone ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo sokweqisa umthamo we-opioid. Izinzuzo zokusindisa impilo cishe zihlala zidlula noma yiziphi izingozi.

Abantu abaziwa ukuthi banezinto ezingahambisani ne-naloxone kufanele bayisebenzise ngokucophelela, kodwa ngisho noma kunjalo, ngokuvamile iseyona ndlela engcono kakhulu ngesikhathi sokweqisa umthamo okusongela impilo. Ukusabela komzimba okungahambisani ne-naloxone akuvamile kakhulu.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe bangayithola ngokuphepha i-naloxone ngesikhathi sokweqisa umthamo. Umuthi awulimazi ingane esakhula, futhi ukuvimbela ukufa komama yikho okubalulekile.

Abantu abanezimo zenhliziyo basafanele bathole i-naloxone uma beqisa umthamo. Ngenkathi ingabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kanye nezinguquko zomfutho wegazi, lokhu okwesikhashana futhi akuyona ingozi enkulu njengokweqisa umthamo ngokwako.

Amagama Omkhiqizo Wokujova I-Naloxone

Ukujova i-Naloxone kuyatholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, ngalinye linendlela yokulethwa ehlukile kancane. Umkhiqizo ovamile kakhulu yi-Narcan, eza njengesifutho sekhala.

I-Evzio iyi-auto-injector ekhuluma nawe ngenqubo yokujova ngemiyalo yezwi. Yenzelwe abantu abangenawo ukuqeqeshwa kwezokwelapha ukuthi bayisebenzise ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo.

I-Zimhi enye i-auto-injector equkethe umthamo ophezulu we-naloxone. Ilusizo ikakhulukazi ekuguquleni ukweqisa umthamo okuvela kuma-opioid anamandla kakhulu njenge-fentanyl.

Izinhlobo ezivamile zokujova i-naloxone nazo ziyatholakala futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengemikhiqizo yegama lomkhiqizo. Ukukhetha phakathi kwemikhiqizo kuvame ukuncika ekutholakaleni nasezindlekweni.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokujova I-Naloxone

Isifutho sekhala se-Naloxone siyindlela evame kakhulu yokujova. Kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi akudingi ukuphatha izinaliti, okwenza kube lula kumalungu omndeni nakubasebenzisi abangewona abezokwelapha.

Ezinye izindawo zine-naloxone ngesimo samaphilisi, kodwa lokhu akusizi ngesikhathi sokweqisa umthamo ngoba abantu abangazi lutho abakwazi ukugwinya amaphilisi. Uhlobo lwamaphilisi ngezinye izikhathi lusetshenziswa ezindaweni zezokwelapha ngezinye izinjongo.

Imikhiqizo ye-naloxone enezilinganiso eziphezulu iba ejwayelekile njengoba izidakamizwa zasemgwaqweni ziba namandla. Lezi zindlela ezingezinye ziqukethe imithi eningi emthini ngamunye ukuze kunqotshwe ama-opioid aqinile afana ne-fentanyl.

Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha zivame ukuncoma ukugcina izinhlobo eziningi ze-naloxone zitholakala. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi unezinketho uma enye indlela ingasebenzi noma ingatholakali ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo.

Ingabe ukujova i-Naloxone kungcono kune-Narcan Nasal Spray?

Kokubili ukujova i-naloxone kanye ne-Narcan nasal spray kuyasebenza ngokulinganayo ekuguquleni ukweqisa kwe-opioid. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuvame ukuncika ekuthandeni komuntu siqu kanye nokusebenziseka kalula.

I-Narcan nasal spray ngokuvamile kulula kubantu abangaqeqeshwanga ukuyisebenzisa. Umane uyifake emgodini wamakhala bese ucindezela i-plunger ngokuqinile. Akunasidingo sokuthola izindawo zokujova noma ukuphatha izinaliti.

Ukujova i-Naloxone kungase kusebenze ngokushesha kancane ngoba kuqondile emsipheni. Kodwa-ke, umehluko ngokuvamile umzuzu owodwa noma emibili kuphela, okungavamile ukuthi kube nendaba ekusebenzeni.

Zombili izinhlobo zinezinkinga ezifanayo kanye nokusebenza kahle. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba nanoma iyiphi eyodwa itholakale ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo sokweqisa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi ifomu olikhethayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nokujova i-Naloxone

Ingabe ukujova i-Naloxone kuphephile ezigulini zenhliziyo?

Ukujova i-Naloxone ngokuvamile kuphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, yize kungabangela ukwanda kwesikhashana kwesilinganiso senhliziyo nomfutho wegazi. Ngesikhathi sokweqisa kwe-opioid, ukusindisa impilo yomuntu kubalulekile ngaphezu kwezinkinga zenhliziyo.

Imiphumela yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ye-naloxone ivame ukuba mfushane futhi ingaba yingozi encane kune-overdose ngokwayo. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanezimo zenhliziyo ezinzima kufanele bathole ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngemuva kokwelashwa nge-naloxone.

Ngingenzani uma ngisebenzisa i-Naloxone eningi ngengozi?

Kunzima kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-naloxone eningi ngoba umuthi unomphumela wophahla. Imithamo eyengeziwe ngeke ibangele ukulimala okwengeziwe, kodwa futhi ngeke inikeze izinzuzo ezengeziwe.

Uma unikeze imithamo eminingi futhi umuntu engasabeli, gxila ekutholeni usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha kunokunikeza i-naloxone eningi. Ukweqisa kungase kuhilele imithi engeyona i-opioid engakwazi ukuguqulwa yi-naloxone.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngingaphuthelwa Umthamo We-Naloxone?

Lo mbuzo awusebenzi emjovweni we-naloxone ngoba akuwona umuthi owuthatha ngeshejuli ejwayelekile. I-Naloxone isetshenziswa kuphela ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo sokweqisa.

Uma ugcina i-naloxone ngezimo eziphuthumayo, qiniseka ukuthi ayiphelelwe yisikhathi nokuthi uyazi ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani kahle. Cabangela ukuthatha ikilasi lokuqeqeshwa ukuze uzijwayeze ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela efanele.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Naloxone?

Awuyeki "ukuthatha" umjovo we-naloxone ngoba akuwona umuthi wansuku zonke. Umthamo ngamunye usetshenziswa kuphela ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo sokweqisa.

Ngemva kokunikeza i-naloxone, umuntu udinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Odokotela begumbi eliphuthumayo bazonquma ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezidingekayo nokuthi bangamqapha isikhathi esingakanani isiguli.

Ngingamnika I-Naloxone Umuntu Ongazange Asebenzise Ama-Opioid?

Ukunikeza i-naloxone kumuntu ongazange asebenzise ama-opioid ngeke kubangele ukulimala okukhulu. Umuthi uthinta kuphela abantu abanama-opioid ohlelweni lwabo.

Noma kunjalo, kufanele uqiniseke ngembangela yokungazi komuntu ngaphambi kokunikeza i-naloxone. Ezinye izimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha zingase zidinge ukwelashwa okuhlukile, futhi i-naloxone ngeke isize ekweqiseni okungekona i-opioid.