Yini i-Nitroglycerin IV: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Nitroglycerin IV iyikhambi elinamandla lenhliziyo elinikezwa ngqo emjondolo wakho nge-vein. Isebenza ngokushesha ukuphumuza imithambo yegazi futhi inciphise umsebenzi enhliziyweni yakho ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo zenhliziyo. Le mithi ivame ukusetshenziswa ezibhedlela lapho inhliziyo yakho idinga ukusekelwa ngokushesha, futhi ochwepheshe bezempilo bazokuqapha ngokucophelela ngenkathi uyithola.

Yini i-Nitroglycerin IV?

I-Nitroglycerin IV iyindlela ye-intravenous ye-nitroglycerin, umuthi ongaphansi kweqembu elibizwa ngokuthi ama-nitrates. Uma inikezwa nge-IV, ingena emjondolo wakho ngokushesha futhi iqala ukusebenza ngemizuzu. Lesi senzo esisheshayo senza ukuthi sibe yigugu ikakhulukazi ezimweni eziphuthumayo lapho inhliziyo yakho idinga ukukhululeka okusheshayo.

Umuthi uza njengesixazululo esicacile, esingenambala esixutshwa ochwepheshe bezempilo ngamanzi ahlanzekile ngaphambi kokukunikeza. Ngokungafani namathebulethi e-nitroglycerin ongawathatha ekhaya, uhlobo lwe-IV luvumela odokotela ukuthi balawule inani eliqondile olilitholayo futhi balilungise ngomzuzu ngomzuzu ngokuya ngokuthi usabela kanjani.

Isetshenziselwani i-Nitroglycerin IV?

I-Nitroglycerin IV iphatha izimo eziningana ezinzima zenhliziyo ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho angase ayisebenzise lapho inhliziyo yakho ingaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu futhi idinga ukukhululeka okusheshayo. Umuthi ulusizo ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, izigameko ezibuhlungu besifuba esibuhlungu, noma lapho inhliziyo yakho ilwela ukumpompa ngempumelelo.

Nawa amakhondishini amakhulu lapho odokotela bethembele ku-nitroglycerin IV ukusiza inhliziyo yakho:

• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okungazelelwe (i-myocardial infarction) ukunciphisa ukulimala kwemisipha yenhliziyo
• I-angina engazinzile noma ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba obungaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha
• Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo lapho inhliziyo yakho ingakwazi ukumpompa igazi ngempumelelo
• Izimo eziphuthumayo zomfutho wegazi ophezulu osongela izitho zakho
• Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo ukuvikela imisipha yenhliziyo yakho
• I-pulmonary edema lapho uketshezi lwakheka emaphashini akho ngenxa yezinkinga zenhliziyo

Ezimweni ezingavamile, odokotela bangase futhi basebenzise i-nitroglycerin IV ngokuqina okukhulu kwe-esophageal noma ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okuthile. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ngabe lo muthi onamandla uyisinqumo esifanele esimweni sakho esithile.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Nitroglycerin IV?

I-Nitroglycerin IV ngumuthi onamandla osebenza ngokukhulula imisipha ebushelelezi emithanjeni yakho yegazi. Lapho le misipha ikhululeka, imithambo yakho yegazi iyanda, okunciphisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwazo futhi kwenza kube lula ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ipompe igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Cabanga ngemithambo yakho yegazi njengamashubhu engadi. Lapho i-nitroglycerin ikhulula izindonga zemithambo, kufana nokwenza ishubhu libe banzi ukuze amanzi akwazi ukugeleza kalula. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inhliziyo yakho akudingeki isebenze kanzima ukuze iphushe igazi ngohlelo lwakho lokujikeleza, iyinike ithuba lokuphumula nokululama.

Lo muthi futhi ukhulisa ukugeleza kwegazi emsipheni wakho wenhliziyo ngokwandisa imithambo ye-coronary. Leli gazi elengeziwe letha umoya-mpilo owengeziwe enhliziyweni yakho, okubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo lapho izingxenye zemisipha yakho yenhliziyo zingase zingatholi umoya-mpilo owanele.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Nitroglycerin IV?

Ngeke ngempela “uthatha” i-nitroglycerin IV ngokwakho ngoba ngaso sonke isikhathi inikezwa ochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe endaweni yasesibhedlela. Umuthi ugelela egazini lakho ngeshubhu elincane elibizwa nge-IV catheter elifakwa emthanjeni engalweni yakho noma esandleni sakho.

Iqembu lakho lezempilo lizoqala ngomthamo omncane kakhulu bese liwukhulisa kancane kancane ngokusekelwe endleleni umzimba wakho osabela ngayo. Bazogada umfutho wegazi lakho, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, nezimpawu njalo ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi uthola inani elifanele. Umuthi uvame ukuxutshwa nesixazululo se-saline futhi unikezwe ngepompo ekhethekile elilawula izinga eliqondile.

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, cishe uzoxhunywa kuma-monitor alandela isigqi senhliziyo yakho nomfutho wegazi. Abahlengikazi bakho bazokuhlola njalo futhi balungise umthamo womuthi njengoba kudingeka. Ungase uqaphele imiphumela ngemizuzu, njengokukhululeka ebuhlungwini besifuba noma ukuphefumula kalula.

Kufanele ngiwuthatha isikhathi esingakanani i-Nitroglycerin IV?

Ubude bokwelashwa kwakho nge-nitroglycerin IV buqondene ngokuphelele nesimo sakho sezokwelapha nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini. Abantu abaningi bayawuthola amahora ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini eziningana, kodwa udokotela wakho uzokwenza lesi sinqumo ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.

Ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ungase uthole i-nitroglycerin IV amahora angu-24 kuya kwangu-48 ngenkathi inhliziyo yakho izinzile. Uma welashwa ngenxa yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ukwelashwa kungase kuqhubeke izinsuku eziningana kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zakho zithuthuka futhi umsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho uba ozinzile.

Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizokwehlisa kancane kancane umthamo ngaphambi kokuyeka umuthi ngokuphelele. Lokhu kwehliswa kancane kusiza ekuvikeleni noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingazelelwe kumfutho wegazi lakho noma umsebenzi wenhliziyo. Bazokuqapha eduze ngemva kokuyeka i-IV ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi isimo sakho sihlala sizinzile.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Nitroglycerin IV?

I-Nitroglycerin IV ingabangela imiphumela emibi ngoba iyimithi enamandla ethinta yonke imithambo yakho yegazi. Imiphumela eminingi emibi ihlobene nemiphumela yomuthi yokukhulula imithambo yegazi futhi ngokuvamile ilawuleka ngokuqapha okufanele.

Nawa amanye imiphumela emibi ongase uyithole ngesikhathi sokwelashwa:

• Ukukhathala ikhanda, okuvame ukuchazwa njengokushaya noma ukubhampa
• Isiyezi noma ukukhathala, ikakhulukazi uma ushintsha izikhundla
• Ukucasuka noma ukuzwa ukugula
• Ukubomvu noma ukuzwa ufudumele futhi ubomvu
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi ongase ukwenze uzizwe ubuthakathaka
• Ukuqina kwenhliziyo njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emuthini

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ingenzeka kodwa ayivamile. Ithimba lakho lezempilo liqapha lokhu ngokucophelela futhi lizolungisa ukwelashwa kwakho uma kudingeka. Imiphumela emibi ingabandakanya umfutho wegazi ophansi oyingozi, ukukhathala kwekhanda okukhulu, noma ukusabela komzimba okungalungile.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, abanye abantu bangase bahlangabezane ne-methemoglobinemia, isimo lapho igazi lakho lingakwazi ukuthwala umoya-mpilo ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ngemithamo ephezulu noma ukwelashwa isikhathi eside, yingakho ithimba lakho lezokwelapha liqapha amazinga akho omoya-mpilo ngokucophelela.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Nitroglycerin IV?

Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zenza i-nitroglycerin IV ingaphephile noma zidinga izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhethekile. Udokotela wakho uzobukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuqala lokhu kwelashwa ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi kuphephile kuwe.

Akufanele uthole i-nitroglycerin IV uma unesinye salezi zimo:

• I-anemia enkulu ngoba umuthi ungenza izinkinga zokulethwa komoya-mpilo zibe zimbi kakhulu
• Umcindezelo owandayo ebuchosheni bakho (umfutho we-intracranial)
• Isifo sezinso esibi esithinta indlela umzimba wakho oqhubula ngayo umuthi
• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo ne-nitroglycerin noma eminye imithi ye-nitrate
• Ezinye izinhlobo zezinkinga ze-valve yenhliziyo ezingaba zimbi ngokushintsha komfutho wegazi

Ukuqapha okukhethekile kuyadingeka uma unomfutho wegazi ophansi ekuqaleni, izinkinga zesibindi, noma uma uthatha imithi ethile efana nemithi yokungasebenzi kahle kwesitho sobulili. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlola izinzuzo ngokumelene nezingozi ezingaba khona kulezi zimo.

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa nazo zidinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela. Nakuba i-nitroglycerin IV ingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uma kudingeka ngokwezokwelapha, udokotela wakho uzoyibhala uma izinzuzo zicacile ukwedlula noma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona kuwe nomntwana wakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Nitroglycerin IV

I-Nitroglycerin IV itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, nakuba izibhedlela eziningi zisebenzisa inguqulo ejwayelekile. Amagama omkhiqizo ajwayelekile afaka i-Nitro-Bid IV, i-Tridil, ne-Nitrostat IV. Konke lokhu kuqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo futhi kusebenza ngendlela efanayo.

I-pharmacy yesibhedlela sakho izokhetha ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo ezoyisebenzisa ngokusekelwe ekutholakaleni nasebathengisi abakhethayo. Ukusebenza kahle kanye nephrofayili yokuphepha kuhlala kufana kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi igama lomkhiqizo noma inguqulo ejwayelekile oyitholayo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Nitroglycerin IV

Eminye imithi eminingi ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-nitroglycerin IV noma ngasohlangothini lwayo, kuye ngesimo sakho esithile. Udokotela wakho angase akhethe lezi ezinye izindlela ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha, imithi yamanje, noma ukuthi usabela kahle kangakanani ekwelashweni.

Ezinye izindlela ezivamile zifaka eminye imithi ye-nitrate efana ne-isosorbide dinitrate IV, esebenza ngendlela efanayo kodwa ingase ilungele kangcono isimo sakho esithile. Ama-beta-blockers, ama-ACE inhibitors, noma ama-calcium channel blockers angase futhi asetshenziswe kuye ngesimo senhliziyo yakho.

Kwezinye izimo, imithi emisha efana ne-clevidipine noma i-nicardipine ingase ikhethwe ngoba inikeza ukulawulwa okucacile komfutho wegazi. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokhetha inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho ngazinye nasesimweni sakho sezokwelapha.

Ingabe i-Nitroglycerin IV Ingcono Kunezinye Izidakamizwa Zenhliziyo?

I-Nitroglycerin IV akudingeki ukuthi

Uma kuqhathaniswa nemithi yomlomo, i-nitroglycerin IV iqala ukusebenza ngemizuzu embalwa esikhundleni semizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60. Lokhu kuqala okusheshayo kwenza kube yigugu ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo lapho inhliziyo yakho idinga ukukhululeka ngokushesha. Ikhono lokulungisa umthamo ngomzuzu ngomzuzu futhi linikeza odokotela ukulawula okungcono ngaphezu kokwelashwa kwakho.

Noma kunjalo, imithi yomlomo ingase ifaneleke kakhulu ekwelashweni kwesikhathi eside uma isimo sakho sesizinzile. Udokotela wakho uzovame ukukushintsha usuka ku-IV uye emithini yomlomo njengoba ululama, ehlanganisa izinzuzo ezisheshayo zokwelashwa kwe-IV nokulula kwemithi ongayithatha ekhaya.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Nitroglycerin IV

Ingabe i-Nitroglycerin IV iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela?

Yebo, i-nitroglycerin IV ngokuvamile iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, kodwa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuqapha ngokucophelela okwengeziwe. Isifo sikashukela singathinta imithambo yakho yegazi nenhliziyo, ngakho imiphumela yomuthi ingase ihluke kothile ongenaso isifo sikashukela.

Amazinga akho kashukela egazini azogadwa eduze ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngoba ukucindezeleka nokugula kungathinta ukulawulwa kukashukela egazini. Umuthi ngokwawo awuthinti ngokuqondile ushukela wegazi, kodwa isimo senhliziyo esingaphansi eselashwayo singase sithinte ukuphathwa kwesifo sakho sikashukela okwesikhashana.

Ngingenzani uma ngithola i-Nitroglycerin IV eningi ngengozi?

Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuthola i-nitroglycerin IV eningi ngengozi ngoba ochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe balawula yonke inqubo. Umuthi unikezwa ngamaphampu ahlanganiswe nekhompyutha avimbela ukweqisa, futhi ithimba lakho lezokwelapha likuqapha ngokuqhubekayo.

Uma uthola umuthi omningi, ithimba lakho lezempilo lizoyeka ngokushesha i-IV futhi liphathe noma yiziphi izimpawu. Bangase bakunikeze uketshezi ukusiza ukunyusa umfutho wegazi lakho noma imithi yokulwa nemiphumela. Izimo eziningi zokweqisa zibuyiseka ngokushesha ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

Ngingenzani uma i-IV yami iqhekezwa?

Uma i-IV yakho ye-nitroglycerin iqhekezwa noma iyeka ukusebenza, shayela umhlengikazi wakho ngokushesha usebenzisa inkinobho yakho yokushayela. Ungazami ukuyilungisa ngokwakho ngoba umuthi udinga ukunikezwa ngesilinganiso esiqondile, futhi indawo ye-IV idinga ukuhlala iyinyumba.

Umhlengikazi wakho uzoqondanisa ngokushesha i-IV noma aqale entsha uma kudingeka. Okwamanje, bazokuqapha eduze nganoma yikuphi ukubuya kwezimpawu. Ukuphazamiseka okuncane ekwelashweni akubangeli izinkinga ezinkulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqala kabusha umuthi ngokushesha.

Ngingayeka nini Ukuthatha i-Nitroglycerin IV?

Udokotela wakho uzoqoka ukuthi uyeka nini i-nitroglycerin yakho ye-IV ngokusekelwe ekutheni isimo senhliziyo yakho sithuthuke kangakanani nokuthi uzinzile yini ngokwanele ukuphatha ngaphandle kwayo. Lesi sinqumo sivame ukwenzeka lapho izimpawu zakho zilawulwa kahle futhi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho kuzinzile.

Umuthi uvame ukuyekiswa kancane kancane kunokuthi konke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kunciphisa kancane kancane kusiza ukuvimbela umfutho wegazi lakho ukuthi ungaqali ukukhuphuka ngokuzumayo noma izimpawu zakho zibuye. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuqapha eduze ngalesi sikhathi sokuguquka.

Ngingadla Ukudla Okujwayelekile Ngesikhathi ngithatha i-Nitroglycerin IV?

Ngokuvamile ungaqhubeka nokudla ukudla okujwayelekile ngenkathi uthola i-nitroglycerin IV, ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho unemithetho ethile yokudla ngesimo senhliziyo yakho. Umuthi awusebenzisani nokudla okuningi, kodwa uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa lonke lungase luhlanganise imihlahlandlela yokudla.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lingase lincomende ukudla okunempilo enhliziyo okuphansi ku-sodium nakuma-fat agcwele ukusekela ukululama kwakho. Bazokwenza futhi isiqiniseko sokuthi uthola uketshezi olwanele ukuze ugcine umfutho wegazi ofanele. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuthi yini ongayidla, buza umhlengikazi wakho noma udokotela wakho ukuze uthole isiqondiso.