Yini i-Norepinephrine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Norepinephrine iyimithi enamandla esiza ukunyusa umfutho wegazi ophansi ngendlela eyingozi lapho umzimba wakho ungenakukwazi ukuwugcina uwedwa. Le mithi esindisa impilo isebenza ngokuqinisa imithambo yegazi nokuqinisa isenzo sokumpompa kwenhliziyo yakho, ngempela inikeza uhlelo lwakho lwe-cardiovascular ukwesekwa oludingayo ngezikhathi ezibucayi. Ngokuvamile uzohlangana nale mithi emagumbini okunakekelwa okukhulu esibhedlela, lapho amaqembu ezokwelapha eyisebenzisa ukuzinzisa iziguli ezihlangabezana nokwehla okukhulu komfutho wegazi.

Yini i-Norepinephrine?

I-Norepinephrine iyinguqulo yokwenziwa yehomoni yemvelo umzimba wakho osuvele uyenza. Amagland amasu adrenal ngokuvamile akhiqiza le khemikhali ukusiza ukulawula umfutho wegazi nomsebenzi wenhliziyo ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka noma ingozi. Uma inikezwa njengomuthi, ilingisa le miphumela yemvelo kodwa ngamandla amakhulu kakhulu.

Le mithi ingeyeqembu lezidakamizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-vasopressors, okusho ukuthi zibangela imithambo yegazi ukuthi iqine futhi inciphe. Cabanga ngayo njengokunikeza uhlelo lwakho lokujikeleza amandla engeziwe okwesikhashana lapho lizabalaza ukugcina ukuhamba kwegazi okwanele ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile njengobuchopho bakho, inhliziyo, nezinso.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo bathatha i-norepinephrine njengomunye wemithi enamandla kakhulu yomfutho wegazi etholakalayo. Igcinelwe izimo ezingathi sína lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzanga, futhi iziguli zidinga ukwesekwa kwe-cardiovascular ngokushesha ukuze zisinde.

Isetshenziselwani i-Norepinephrine?

I-Norepinephrine iphatha umfutho wegazi ophansi ongathi sína osongela impilo yakho noma umsebenzi wezitho. Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-hypotension, singenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa ikhono lawo lokugcina ukujikeleza kwegazi okwanele uwedwa.

Izimo ezivame kakhulu lapho odokotela besebenzisa le mithi zihlanganisa i-septic shock, lapho izifo ezinzima zibangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi iphumule kakhulu. Ngesikhathi se-septic shock, umfutho wegazi lakho ungawehla kakhulu kangangokuthi izitho ezibalulekile azitholi umoya-mpilo owanele kanye nezakhamzimba zokusebenza kahle.

Ezinye izimo ezibucayi ezingadinga i-norepinephrine zihlanganisa ukusabela okukhulu komzimba, ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwegazi ngenxa yokulimala noma ukuhlinzwa, kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Esimweni ngasinye, umuthi usebenza njengokwelashwa okuyibhuloho, usekela uhlelo lwakho lwe-cardiovascular ngenkathi odokotela beqeda inkinga ekhona.

Ezinye iziguli zithola i-norepinephrine ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwenhliziyo lapho inhliziyo yazo ilwa okwesikhashana ukumpompa ngempumelelo. Umuthi usiza ukugcina umfutho wegazi ozinzile kuze kube yilapho inhliziyo ilulama enqubweni yokuhlinzwa.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Norepinephrine?

I-Norepinephrine isebenza ngokwenza kusebenze ama-receptor athile emithanjeni yakho yegazi kanye nomqulu wenhliziyo. Lapho la ma-receptor ethola isignali yomuthi, abangela izinguquko ngokushesha ezenyusa umfutho wegazi lakho futhi zithuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi.

Okokuqala, umuthi wenza imithambo yakho yegazi iqine noma iqine. Lokhu kuncipha kwandisa umfutho ngaphakathi ohlelweni lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi, kufana nokuthi ukumboza ingxenye yomlomo wehose lengadi kwandisa umfutho wamanzi. Lo mphumela usiza ukucindezela igazi ngamandla emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Okwesibili, i-norepinephrine iqinisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, okwenza ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngakunye kube namandla. Lokhu kwanda kwamandla okuphusha kusiza ukuhambisa igazi eliningi ngokushaya ngakunye, kuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi ezithweni ezidinga umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba.

Umuthi ubhekwa njengonamandla kakhulu ngoba ukhiqiza le miphumela ngokushesha nangamandla. Ngokungafani nemithi emnene yomfutho wegazi ongase uyithathe ekhaya, i-norepinephrine idala izinguquko eziqondile, ezimangalisayo ohlelweni lwakho lwe-cardiovascular.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Norepinephrine?

Awukwazi ukuthatha i-norepinephrine ngomlomo noma ukuzinika yona ekhaya. Lo muthi uza njengesixazululo se-intravenous kuphela okumele ochwepheshe bezempilo bawunike ngqo egazini lakho ngomugqa okhethekile we-IV.

Amathimba ezokwelapha ngokuvamile abeka i-catheter ye-IV emthanjeni omkhulu, ngokuvamile entanyeni yakho, esifubeni, noma engalweni yakho engenhla. Ukubekwa kwalo mugqa ophakathi kuvumela umuthi ukuthi ufinyelele ngokushesha enhliziyweni yakho futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlangana kahle negazi lakho ngaphambi kokufinyelela emithanjeni emincane.

Umthamo uqala ngaphansi kakhulu futhi uyanda kancane kancane kuze kube yilapho umfutho wegazi lakho ufinyelela ezingeni eliphephile. Ithimba lakho lezempilo liqapha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi, kanye nomsebenzi wezitho ngokuqhubekayo ngenkathi lilungisa umthamo womuthi.

Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokusebenzisana kokudla noma isikhathi sokudla njengoba umuthi uqondiswa ngqo egazini lakho. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha libhekana nazo zonke izici zokuphatha nokuqapha ngenkathi ugxila ekululameni.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Norepinephrine?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-norepinephrine buqondana ngokuphelele nesimo sakho esiyisisekelo nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela ngokushesha kangakanani kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Iziguli eziningi zithola lo muthi amahora kuya ezinsukwini, hhayi amasonto noma izinyanga.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokwehlisa kancane kancane umthamo njengoba umfutho wegazi lakho uzinza futhi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ziqala ukusebenza. Le nqubo yokuyeka yenzeka kancane ukuvimbela umfutho wegazi lakho ukuthi wehle kungazelelwe lapho umuthi uyeka.

Ezinye iziguli ezinokutheleleka okukhulu zingase zidinge i-norepinephrine izinsuku eziningana ngenkathi ama-antibiotics elwa nokutheleleka okuyisisekelo. Abanye abalulama ngemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu bangase bayidinge amahora ambalwa kuphela kuze kube yilapho uhlelo lwabo lwe-cardiovascular luzinza.

Umgomo uhlala ukusebenzisa umthamo ophumelelayo ophansi isikhathi esifushane ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma umzimba wakho ukwazi ukugcina umfutho wegazi owanele ngokwawo, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoyeka umuthi ngokuphelele.

Ziyini Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Norepinephrine?

Njengayo yonke imithi enamandla, i-norepinephrine ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba ithimba lakho lezokwelapha likuqapha eduze ukuvimbela nokuphatha noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ihlobene nemiphumela yomuthi yokucinisa imithambo yegazi. Ungase uhlangabezane nekhanda elibuhlungu, ukukhathazeka, noma ukungazinzi njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumelanisa nokwanda kwengcindezi yegazi. Ezinye iziguli zibona izandla nezinyawo zazo zibanda noma zizwa ukugwaza ngoba ukugeleza kwegazi kulezi zindawo kuncipha okwesikhashana.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína kodwa engalawuleka ingabandakanya:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki
• Ukuphefumula kanzima
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Ubunzima bokulala
• Ukujuluka noma ukuzwa ukushisa ngokweqile

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína zingenzeka uma umuthi uvuza emithanjeni yakho uya ezicutshini eziqhelile. Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-extravasation, singalimaza isikhumba nezicubu ezijulile ezizungeze indawo yokujova. Abahlengikazi bakho bahlola indawo yakho ye-IV njalo ukuvimbela le nkinga.

Ezinye iziguli zingase zibe nezinkinga zezinso uma umfutho wegazi labo uhlala uphezulu isikhathi eside. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha liqapha ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile futhi lilungise umuthi ngokufanele.

Ngokungavamile kakhulu, iziguli zingase zibe nokusabela okukhulu komzimba, nakuba lokhu kungavamile. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuqubuka okubanzi, okuthi amathimba ezokwelapha akwelaphe ngokushesha uma kwenzeka.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe I-Norepinephrine?

I-Norepinephrine ngokuvamile iphephile kubantu abaningi uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele ezindaweni zasemtholampilo, kodwa izimo ezithile zidinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe noma ukwelashwa okuhlukile.

Abantu abanezinkinga ezinkulu zokushaya kwenhliziyo bangase badinge imithi ehlukile ngoba i-norepinephrine ngezinye izikhathi ingenza ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kube kubi kakhulu. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizocabangela umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Iziguli ezinohlobo oluthile lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithinta izindawo ezithile zomzimba wenhliziyo, kungenzeka zingabi ngabazali abafanele. Imiphumela yomuthi emsebenzini wenhliziyo ingase iqhubekisele phambili umonakalo kulezi zimo.

Abantu abanesifo esibi semithambo yegazi eseceleni, lapho imithambo yegazi ezingalweni nasemilenzeni isivele inciphe, badinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela. Imiphumela yomuthi yokucinisa imithambo ingase iqhubekisele phambili ukujikeleza kwegazi kulezi zindawo.

Ukukhulelwa kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile, nakuba odokotela bengase basebenzise i-norepinephrine uma impilo kamama isengozini. Umuthi ungangena esithweni somzimba futhi ungase uthinte ukujikeleza kwegazi lengane elisakhula.

Iziguli ezinamanyikwe asebenza ngokweqile zidinga ukulungiswa komthamo ngoba imizimba yazo ingase izwele kakhulu emiphumeleni yomuthi. Ngokufanayo, abantu abathatha imithi ethile yokucindezeleka bangase babe nokusabela okuqinile ku-norepinephrine.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Norepinephrine

I-Norepinephrine itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, nakuba inguqulo ejwayelekile isebenza ngokufana namafomula anegama lomkhiqizo. Igama lomkhiqizo elivame ukusetshenziswa yi-Levophed, ongase ulibone kumalebula akho emithi noma uzwe abahlinzeki bezempilo bekhuluma ngayo.

Amanye amagama omkhiqizo afaka i-Noradrenaline kanye namafomula ahlukahlukene ajwayelekile avela ezinkampanini ezahlukene zemithi. Kungakhathaliseki igama lomkhiqizo, zonke izinguqulo ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo futhi zisebenza ngendlela efanayo emzimbeni wakho.

I-pharmacy yakho esibhedlela izogcina noma iyiphi inguqulo abayithandayo ngokusekelwe ezindlekweni, ukutholakala, kanye nezintandokazi zesikhungo. Ukukhetha igama lomkhiqizo akuthinti umphumela wakho wokwelashwa noma ukuphepha.

Ezinye Izindlela ze-Norepinephrine

Eminye imithi eminingi ingelapha umfutho wegazi ophansi kakhulu, nakuba ngamunye esebenza kancane ngendlela ehlukile futhi ilingana nezimo ezihlukene. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha likhetha inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile nokusabela komzimba wakho.

I-Epinephrine ifana ne-norepinephrine kodwa ithinta inhliziyo yakho ngamandla. Odokotela bangase bakhethe i-epinephrine ezigulini ezidinga ukukhuthazwa kwenhliziyo okwengeziwe kanye nokusekelwa komfutho wegazi.

I-Dopamine enye indlela engathuthukisa umfutho wegazi ngenkathi isekela ukusebenza kwezinso. Lo muthi ungase ukhethwe ezigulini ezinanezinkinga zezinso noma lezo ezidinga ukusekelwa komfutho wegazi okumnene.

I-Vasopressin isebenza ngendlela ehlukile ngokuthinta indlela izinso zakho eziphatha ngayo amanzi nosawoti. Ezinye iziguli zithola lo muthi kanye ne-norepinephrine ukuze kulawulwe kangcono umfutho wegazi.

I-Phenylephrine ngokuyinhloko iqinisa imithambo yegazi ngaphandle kokuthinta kakhulu izinga lenhliziyo. Le nketho ingase ilungele iziguli ezidinga ukusekelwa komfutho wegazi kodwa ezingakwazi ukubekezelela ukukhuthazwa kwenhliziyo okwandisiwe.

Ingabe i-Norepinephrine ingcono kune-Dopamine?

Kokubili i-norepinephrine ne-dopamine imithi emihle kakhulu yokwelapha umfutho wegazi ophansi, kodwa isebenza kahle ezimweni ezihlukene. Akukho noyedwa ongcono kunomunye.

I-Norepinephrine ngokuvamile ithandwa ku-septic shock ngoba iqinisa ngempumelelo imithambo yegazi eye yathamba kakhulu ngenxa yokutheleleka. Futhi inemiphumela embalwa esigqi senhliziyo, okwenza iphephe ezigulini ezinemibandela ethile yenhliziyo.

I-Dopamine ingase ibe ngcono ezigulini ezinenhliziyo ehlulekayo ngoba ingaqinisa ukuncipha kwenhliziyo ngenkathi isekela ukusebenza kwezinso. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi kubangele ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kwezinye iziguli.

Ucwaningo lwezokwelapha lwakamuva luphakamisa ukuthi i-norepinephrine ingase iphephe ngokujwayelekile, enemiphumela emincane kanye nemiphumela engcono ezigulini ezigulayo kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokhetha umuthi olungela kangcono isimo sakho esithile kanye nomlando wezokwelapha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Norepinephrine

Ingabe i-Norepinephrine iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Norepinephrine ingaba iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo uma isetshenziswa ngokucophelela ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha okuseduze. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizobheka ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho ngokuqhubekayo futhi lilungise umthamo ngokusekelwe endleleni inhliziyo yakho esabela ngayo.

Umuthi uyakhuphula umsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho, okungase kube ngukukhathazeka kubantu abanemisipha yenhliziyo elimele kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, izinzuzo zokugcina umfutho wegazi owanele zivame ukwedlula lezi zingozi ezimeni ezisongela impilo.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizosebenzisa umthamo ophansi osebenzayo futhi lingahlanganisa i-norepinephrine nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka enhliziyweni yakho. Bazophinda bayeke umuthi ngokushesha nje lapho isimo sakho sizinzile.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithola I-Norepinephrine Eningi Ngengozi?

Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuthola i-norepinephrine eningi ngengozi ngoba ochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe balawula zonke izici zokwelashwa kwakho. Basebenzisa amaphampu okulinganisa anembile futhi babheka impendulo yakho ngokuqhubekayo.

Uma umfutho wegazi lakho uba phezulu kakhulu, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokwehlisa ngokushesha umthamo noma lime umuthi okwesikhashana. Banezinqubo zokubuyisela ngokushesha noma yimiphi imiphumela eyeqile.

Abahlengikazi bakho nodokotela babheka izimpawu zokweqisa, okuhlanganisa ikhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu, umfutho wegazi ophezulu kakhulu, noma izinkinga zokujikeleza ezandleni zakho nasezinyaweni. Bangakwazi ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga ngokushesha uma zenzeka.

Kwenziwani Uma Umugqa Wami We-IV Uqhekezeka?

Abasebenzi basemtholampilo baklama amasistimu amaningi okuphepha ukuvimbela ukunqanyulwa kwe-IV, futhi ithimba lakho lezokwelapha libheka umugqa wakho we-IV ngokuqhubekayo. Uma kwenzeka ukunqanyulwa, ama-alamu azoxwayisa abasebenzi ngokushesha.

Umfutho wegazi lakho ungase wehle ngokushesha uma umuthi uyeka ukugeleza, kodwa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lilungele ukuqala kabusha i-IV futhi libuyisele umuthi wakho ngemizuzu. Bavame ukuba nokufinyelela kwe-IV okuyisipele okulungiselelwe ngalesi sizathu.

Ungazami ukuxhuma kabusha noma ukulungisa umugqa wakho we-IV ngokwakho. Shayela ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi izinkinga ngokuxhumeka kwakho kwe-IV, futhi ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizosingatha lesi simo ngokuphepha.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Norepinephrine?

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoyeka i-norepinephrine lapho umzimba wakho ukwazi ukugcina umfutho wegazi owanele uwedwa. Lokhu kuvamile ukwenzeka njengoba isimo sakho esiyisisekelo sithuthuka ngeminye imithi.

Inqubo yokuyeka yenzeka kancane kancane emahoreni noma ezinsukwini, kuye ngokuthi usunesikhathi esingakanani uthola umuthi. Ithimba lakho lizokwehlisa kancane umthamo ngenkathi liqapha umfutho wegazi lakho ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi lihlala luzinzile.

Uzoqonda ukuthi usukulungele ukuyeka lapho umfutho wegazi lakho uhlala ujwayelekile ngosizo oluncane lomuthi futhi nezinye izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile zihlala zizinzile. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lenza lesi sinqumo ngokusekelwe ezintweni eziningi, hhayi umfutfo wegazi kuphela.

Ingabe i-Norepinephrine ingabangela izinkinga zesikhathi eside?

Iningi leziguli lilulama ngokuphelele ekwelashweni kwe-norepinephrine ngaphandle kwemiphumela yesikhathi eside. Imiphumela yomuthi yesikhashana futhi iyashintsha ngokushesha uma ukwelashwa kuyeka.

Ngokungavamile, iziguli zingase zibe nokuguquka kwesikhashana ekujikelezeni eminweni nasezinzwaneni, kodwa lokhu kuvamile ukuthi kulungiswe ezinsukwini noma emasontweni. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha liqapha lezi zinkinga futhi linganikeza ukwelashwa ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza uma kudingeka.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ekululameni kwesikhathi eside ukwelapha isimo sakho esiyisisekelo ngempumelelo. I-Norepinephrine isiza ukukugcina uzinzile ngenkathi eminye imithi ibhekana nembangela yomfutho wakho wegazi ophansi.