Yini i-Omadacycline: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Omadacycline iyisibulala-magciwane esisha esingaphansi komndeni we-tetracycline wemithi. Yenzelwe ukulwa nezifo ezingamathambo ezingamathambo eziye zaba nemelana nezinye izibulala-magciwane, okuyenza ithuluzi elibalulekile uma ukwelashwa kwendabuko kungasebenzi ngempumelelo.

Lo muthi unikezwa ngomugqa we-IV (intravenous) ngqo egazini lakho, okuvumela ukuthi ifinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu emzimbeni wakho ngokushesha. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokuqapha ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi uyaphendula kahle futhi uthola imiphumela emincane eceleni.

Yini i-Omadacycline Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Omadacycline iphatha izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezifo ezingamathambo ezingamathambo ezingamathambo. Ivunyelwe ngokuqondile i-pneumonia ethathwa emphakathini kanye nezifo ezingamathambo zesikhumba ezingamathambo ezingamathambo uma ezinye izibulala-magciwane zingasebenzi.

I-pneumonia ethathwa emphakathini yisifo samaphaphu ongathola ngaphandle kwezibhedlela noma izikhungo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Lolu hlobo lwe-pneumonia lungaba yinselele ekwelashweni ngoba amagciwane ayibangela avame ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nezibulala-magciwane ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.

Lo muthi futhi uphatha izifo ezinzima zesikhumba nezicubu ezithambile, okuhlanganisa i-cellulitis, ama-abscesses, nezifo zamanxeba. Lezi zifo zingasakazeka ngokushesha futhi zibe yingozi empilweni uma zingelashwa ngesibulala-magciwane esifanele, yingakho udokotela wakho engase akhethe i-omadacycline kulezi zimo ezinzima.

Isebenza Kanjani i-Omadacycline?

I-Omadacycline isebenza ngokuvimbela amagciwane ekwenzeni amaprotheni abawadingayo ukuze asinde futhi azale. Ithathwa njengesibulala-magciwane esinamandla ngoba singanqoba izindlela eziningi zokuzivikela ezisetshenziswa amagciwane ukumelana nezinye izibulala-magciwane ze-tetracycline.

Cabanga ngayo njengenguqulo ethuthukiswe kakhulu yama-antibiotics amadala e-tetracycline. Ngenkathi amagciwane efunde ukulwa nama-antibiotics amaningi endabuko, i-omadacycline inezici ezikhethekile ezisiza ukuthi idlule lezi zivikelo zamagciwane futhi yenze umsebenzi wayo ngempumelelo.

Umuthi uqondiswe ku-ribosome yamagciwane, efana nefekthri encane ngaphakathi kwamagciwane enza amaprotheni abalulekile. Ngokuvala le fekthri, i-omadacycline empeleni ilambisa amagciwane futhi iwavimbela ukuthi azale, okwenza amasosha akho omzimba akwazi ukususa ukutheleleka.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Omadacycline?

I-Omadacycline inikezwa kuphela ngomugqa we-IV ochwepheshe bezempilo esibhedlela noma emtholampilo. Ngeke uthathe lo muthi ekhaya, njengoba udinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela nokuqondiswa kahle kwezokwelapha ngesikhathi sokuphathwa.

Umthamo ovamile uvame ukunikezwa kanye ngosuku, futhi ukumnika ngakunye kuthatha imizuzu engaba ngu-30 ukuze kuqedwe. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizinquma inani eliqondile ngokusekelwe esisindweni sakho, ukusebenza kwezinso, nobukhulu bokutheleleka kwakho.

Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuyithatha nokudla noma esiswini esingenalutho ngoba iya ngqo egazini lakho. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlala unamanzi kahle ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ngakho phuza amanzi amaningi ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekweluleka ngenye indlela.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuqapha eduze ngesikhathi sokumnika ngakunye nganoma yiziphi izindlela eziphendulayo ngokushesha. Bazophinda bagcine umkhondo wokuthi usabela kanjani ekwelashweni ngokuhlolwa okuvamile kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Omadacycline?

Ubude bokwelashwa buvame ukusuka ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuya kweziyi-14, kuye ngohlobo nobukhulu bokutheleleka kwakho. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ubude obuqondile bokwelashwa ngokusekelwe ekutheni usabela ngokushesha kangakanani nokuthi umzimba wakho ukususa kahle kangakanani ukutheleleka.

Ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwamaphaphu, ungase udinge ukwelashwa izinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kweziyi-14, kuyilapho izifo zesikhumba zingase zidinge isikhathi esifanayo. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizohlola ukuqhubeka kwakho nsuku zonke futhi lingase lilungise uhlelo lokwelashwa uma kudingeka.

Kubalulekile ukuqeda lonke uhlelo lokwelashwa, ngisho noma uqala ukuzizwa ngcono ngaphambi kokuba luqede. Ukuyeka i-antibiotic ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungavumela amagciwane asele ukuthi aphindaphindeke futhi angase akhe ukumelana nomuthi.

Ziyini Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Omadacycline?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-omadacycline ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ngokuvamile imnene futhi ingalawuleka ngokunakekelwa kwezempilo okufanele.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ongase uyithole, ihlelwe ngokuthi ivame kangakanani:

Imiphumela Evamile Eceleni

Le miphumela emibi yenzeka kubantu abangaphezu kuka-10% abathatha i-omadacycline:

• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza - Lena imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu, ethinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabane
• Ukuqunjelwa - Ngokuvamile kulula kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima kakhulu
• Ukuphendula kwendawo yokujova - Ubuhlungu, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala lapho kufakwe khona i-IV
• Ikhanda - Ngokuvamile limnene futhi lesikhashana
• Ukukhathala - Ukuzizwa ukhathele kunokujwayelekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa

Le miphumela emibi evamile ngokuvamile iyathuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Ithimba lakho lezempilo linganikeza ukwelashwa ukusiza ukuphatha ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo noma ezinye izimpawu ezingakhululekile.

Imiphumela Eceleni Engavamile Kodwa Ebalulekile

Eminye imiphumela emibi yenzeka kaningi kodwa ifanelwe ukunakwa:

• Isifo sohudo esihambisana ne-Clostridium difficile (CDAD) - Ukutheleleka kwamathumbu okungathi sína okungase kuvele ezinsukwini noma emasontweni ngemva kokwelashwa
• Ama-enzyme esibindi aphakeme - Udokotela wakho uzoqapha lokhu ngezivivinyo zegazi
• Ukubala kwamaplatelet okuphansi - Lokhu kuthinta ikhono lokujiya kwegazi
• Isiyezi noma ukukhathala - Ngokuvamile kulula kodwa kubalulekile ukubika
• Ubuhlungu besisu - Ngaphezu kokucasuka kwesisu okujwayelekile

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizobheka le miphumela ngokusebenzisa ukuqapha njalo nezivivinyo zegazi uma kudingeka.

Imiphumela engavamile kodwa engathi sína

Nakuba kungavamile, eminye imiphumela emibi engathi sína idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha:

• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu - Ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo, ukuqubuka okukhulu
• Izinkinga ezinkulu zesibindi - Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo, umchamo omnyama, ukukhathala okukhulu
• Ukuphendula kwesikhumba okukhulu - Ukuqubuka okusabalale kakhulu, ukuvela kwamabhamuza, noma ukuxebuka kwesikhumba
• I-Intracranial hypertension - Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, izinguquko zombono, noma ukudideka
• I-Pancreatitis - Ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu obungase bukhanye emhlane

Le miphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile, kodwa ithimba lakho lezempilo liqeqeshwe ukuyibona nokuyelapha ngokushesha uma kwenzeka.

Obani okungafanele bathathe i-Omadacycline?

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme i-omadacycline ngenxa yengozi eyengeziwe noma ukusebenza kahle okuncishisiwe. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokunquma lo muthi.

Akufanele uthole i-omadacycline uma wazi ukuthi unokungezwani komzimba kuma-antibiotics e-tetracycline. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukungezwani komzimba ku-doxycycline, minocycline, noma eminye imithi yalo mndeni, njengoba ukusabela okuhlangene kungenzeka.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe ngokuvamile kufanele bakugweme lokhu kuthatha imithi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sesibili nesesithathu sokukhulelwa. Ama-antibiotics e-Tetracycline angathinta amazinyo namathambo asakhulayo embungwini, okungenzeka ukuthi kubangele ukushintsha kombala unomphela noma izinkinga zokukhula.

Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-8 ubudala ngokuvamile akufanele zithole i-omadacycline ngoba ingabangela ukushintsha kombala wamazinyo unomphela futhi ithinte ukukhula kwamathambo. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezisongela impilo, odokotela bangase balinganise izinzuzo ngokumelene nalezi zingozi.

Izinyathelo Zokuphepha Ezikhethekile Ziyadingeka Ku:

Abanye abantu bangathatha i-omadacycline kodwa badinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe futhi mhlawumbe izilinganiso ezilungisiwe:

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• Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zezinso - Ukulinganisa kungase kudingeke ukulungiswa
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• Labo abanezinkinga zesibindi - Kudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela umsebenzi wesibindi
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• Omama abancelisa - Umuthi ungase udlulele obisini
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• Abantu abanomlando we-intracranial hypertension - Bangase babe sengozini enkulu yokuphindeka
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• Labo abathatha ama-blood thinners - Kungase kudingeke ukuqapha izikhathi zokuqina kwegazi
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Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizohlola lezi zinto futhi lilungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngokufanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Omadacycline

I-Omadacycline itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Nuzyra e-United States. Leli njengamanje igama eliyinhloko lomkhiqizo ozohlangana nalo ezindaweni eziningi zezempilo.

Umuthi ukhiqizwa yi-Paratek Pharmaceuticals futhi umusha emakethe, ngoba uvunyelwe yi-FDA ngonyaka ka-2018. Ngenxa yokuthi iyi-antibiotic entsha, izinguqulo ezivamile azikatholakali.

Lapho uthola ukwelashwa, ungase ubone kokubili

Ezinye izibulala-magciwane eziningi zingasetshenziswa njengezinye izindlela ze-omadacycline, kuye ngokuthi ukutheleleka kwakho kanye nezimo zakho zezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yamasiko amagciwane kanye nesimo sakho somuntu ngamunye.

Nge-pneumonia, ezinye izindlela zingabandakanya ezinye izibulala-magciwane eziqinile njenge-linezolid, vancomycin, noma ceftaroline. Ngayinye inamandla ahlukene futhi ikhethwa ngokusekelwe ekutheni yimaphi amagciwane abangela ukutheleleka kwakho nokuthi amelana kangakanani nezindlela zokwelapha ezihlukahlukene.

Ngezifo zesikhumba, ezinye izindlela zingabandakanya i-daptomycin, clindamycin, noma ezinye izinhlobo ze-tetracyclines njenge-doxycycline. Ukukhetha kuncike ekuqineni kokutheleleka kwakho nokuthi ngabe amagciwane amelana yini nezinye izibulala-magciwane.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo ngokuvamile lizokwenza izivivinyo ukukhomba ngqo ukuthi yimaphi amagciwane abangela ukutheleleka kwakho ngaphambi kokunquma ngendlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola isibulala-magciwane esisebenza kahle kakhulu esimweni sakho esithile.

Ingabe i-Omadacycline Ingcono Kunezinye Izibulala-magciwane?

I-Omadacycline akudingeki ukuthi “ingcono” kunezinye izibulala-magciwane, kodwa inezinzuzo ezithile ezimweni ezithile. Ibaluleke kakhulu uma ubhekene namagciwane aseve amelana nezinye izibulala-magciwane ze-tetracycline.

Uma iqhathaniswa ne-tetracyclines endala njenge-doxycycline, i-omadacycline inganqoba izindlela eziningi zokumelana ezithuthukiswe amagciwane. Lokhu kuyenza ibe wusizo ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni izifo ezingazange ziphendule ezibulala-magciwane zokuqala.

Umuthi futhi unenzuzo yokusebenza kahle kumagciwane ajwayelekile kanye nama-atypical abangela i-pneumonia. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa okubanzi kusho ukuthi odokotela abadingi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhlanganisa izibulala-magciwane eziningi, okungenza kube lula ukwelashwa.

Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi intsha futhi inamandla, i-omadacycline ngokuvamile igcinelwe izifo ezinzima lapho amanye ama-antibiotics angasebenzi noma kungenzeka angasebenzi. Akuyona ngempela inketho yokuqala yazo zonke izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Omadacycline

Q1. Ingabe i-Omadacycline iphephile kubantu abanezifo zezinso?

I-Omadacycline ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanezifo zezinso, kodwa idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela futhi mhlawumbe ukulungiswa kwemithamo. Ngokungafani namanye ama-antibiotics, ikhishwa emzimbeni ngezindlela eziningi, hhayi nje izinso kuphela.

Uma unezinkinga zezinso ezilula kuya kweziphakathi, kungenzeka ungadingi ukulungiswa kwemithamo. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanezifo zezinso ezinzima bangase badinge ukulungiswa kwemithamo ukuvimbela umuthi ukuthi ungazigcini emzimbeni wabo.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ngezivivinyo zegazi ngaphambi nangemva kokwelashwa. Bazolungisa umthamo wakho uma kudingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola inani elifanele lomuthi ngaphandle kokubeka engozini imiphumela emibi.

Q2. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngithola imiphumela emibi kakhulu?

Uma uthola imiphumela emibi kakhulu njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuqubuka okukhulu, noma ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, yazisa ithimba lakho lezempilo ngokushesha. Njengoba uthola lo muthi esikhungweni sezokwelapha, usizo luhlala luseduze.

Ezimweni eziphuthumayo njengokungezwani komzimba okukhulu, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoyeka ukufakwa ngokushesha futhi linikeze ukwelashwa okufanele. Banemithi nemishini elungele ukubhekana nalezi zimo ngokushesha nangempumelelo.

Ngisho nezimpawu ezingezinhle kakhulu kodwa ezikhathazayo njengokugula okuqhubekayo, ukukhathala okungavamile, noma izinguquko embonweni kufanele zibikwe ngokushesha. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lingalungisa ukwelashwa kwakho noma linikeze ukunakekelwa okusekelayo ukukusiza ukuthi uzizwe ukhululekile.

Q3. Ngingakwazi yini ukuqhuba imoto noma ngisebenzise imishini ngenkathi ngithatha i-Omadacycline?

Kufanele ukugweme ukushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini uma uzwa isiyezi, ukukhathala, noma eminye imiphumela engase ikhinyize ikhono lakho lokwenza le misebenzi ngokuphepha. Njengoba wamukela ukwelashwa nge-IV, cishe usezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Abanye abantu bazwa isiyezi esincane noma ukukhathala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, okungase kuthinte ukuxhumana kwakho nezikhathi zokuphendula. Kungcono ukuba nomunye umuntu akuqhubele ekhaya ngemva kwemithombo yakho yokwelashwa.

Uma usuqede inkambo yakho yokwelashwa futhi noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi isixazululiwe, ngokuvamile ungaqala kabusha imisebenzi ejwayelekile efana nokushayela. Nokho, hlola nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi kuphephile nini ukwenza kanjalo.

Q4. Ingabe i-Omadacycline izosebenzisana neminye imithi yami?

I-Omadacycline ingasebenzisana nemithi ethile, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukutshela ithimba lakho lezempilo ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imithi kadokotela, imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwe-counter, kanye nezithasiselo.

Umuthi ungasebenzisana nezinciphisi zegazi njenge-warfarin, okungenzeka ukuthi kwandisa ingozi yakho yokopha. Udokotela wakho angase adinge ukuqapha izikhathi zakho zokujiya kwegazi ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Eminye imithi enciphisa i-asidi yesisu, njenge-antacids noma ama-proton pump inhibitors, ingase ithinte ukuthi i-omadacycline isebenza kahle kangakanani. Nokho, njengoba uyithola nge-intravenously, lezi zinto ezihlangene azikhathazi kangako kunama-antibiotics omlomo.

Q5. Ngizokwazi kanjani ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyasebenza?

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizogada izimpawu eziningana ukuze linqume ukuthi i-omadacycline iphatha ngempumelelo ukutheleleka kwakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuthuthuka ezimpawini zakho, izimpawu ezibalulekile, nemiphumela yelabhorethri.

Nge-pneumonia, ungase uqaphele ukuphefumula okulula, ukwehla komkhuhlane, nokukhwehlela okuncane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa. Ngezifo zesikhumba, kufanele ubone ukuncipha kobubomvu, ukuvuvukala, nobuhlungu endaweni yokutheleleka.

Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizolandela nezilinganiso eziqondile njengezinga lokushisa komzimba wakho, inani lamaseli egazi amhlophe, nezinye izinkomba zokutheleleka ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Lokhu kusiza ukuhlinzeka ngomfanekiso ophelele wokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emithini.