Yini i-Phenytoin: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye Okuningi

I-Phenytoin iyimithi esiza ukuvimbela nokulawula ukuquleka ngokuzinzisa umsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni bakho. Kudala ithenjwa odokotela ukusiza abantu abanesithuthwane baphile impilo ejwayelekile, engenakuquleka.

Le mithi elwa nokuquleka isebenza njengesistimu yamabhuleki ethambile yezimpawu zikagesi zobuchopho bakho. Lapho amaseli ezinzwa ebuchosheni bakho eba matasa ngokweqile futhi ashisa ngokushesha kakhulu, i-phenytoin ingena ukuze yehlise izinto futhi ibuyisele ukulinganisela.

Yini i-Phenytoin?

I-Phenytoin ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-anticonvulsants noma imithi elwa nesithuthwane. Yenzelwe ukuvimbela ukuqhuma okungazelelwe komsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni bakho obubangela ukuquleka.

Ungase wazi le mithi ngegama layo lomkhiqizo, i-Dilantin. Iza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amaphilisi, kanye nokumiswa oketshezi ukuze kwenze kube lula kubantu bayo yonke iminyaka ukuyithatha.

Le mithi isisize abantu ukuthi balawule isithuthwane kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1930. Odokotela bayibheka njengokwelashwa okuyisisekelo ngoba kokubili kuyasebenza futhi kuqondakala kahle.

Isetshenziselwani i-Phenytoin?

I-Phenytoin ikakhulukazi inikezwa ukuthi ivimbele futhi ilawule izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuquleka kubantu abanesithuthwane. Isebenza ikakhulukazi ekuqulekeni okujwayelekile kwe-tonic-clonic (okwakubizwa ngokuthi ukuquleka okukhulu) nokuquleka okuyingxenye.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi anikeze i-phenytoin ukuvimbela ukuquleka ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa kobuchopho. Ngezinye izikhathi, isetshenziswa ezindaweni zasemtholampilo ukumisa ukuquleka okude okungaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, odokotela bangasebenzisa i-phenytoin ngezinhlobo ezithile zobuhlungu bemizwa noma izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo. Nokho, lezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo azivamile futhi zidinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela.

Isebenza Kanjani i-Phenytoin?

I-Phenytoin isebenza ngokuvimba iziteshi ze-sodium kumaseli ezinzwa ebuchosheni bakho. Cabanga ngalezi ziteshi njengamasango amancane alawula izimpawu zikagesi phakathi kwamaseli obuchopho.

Uma lezi zicabha zihlala zivuleke isikhathi eside, amaseli ezinzwa aba nokuthuthumela ngokweqile futhi aqhume ngokushesha, okuholela ekuthuthumeleni. I-Phenytoin isiza ukugcina lezi zicabha zingahlali zivuleke isikhathi eside, ivimbela isiphepho sikagesi esibangela ukuthuthumela.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengomuthi oqinile futhi osebenzayo. Akukwenzi ukozela njengeminye imithi yokuthuthumela, yingakho abantu abaningi bengakwazi ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke ngenkathi beyithatha.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Phenytoin?

Thatha i-phenytoin njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyala ngayo, ngokuvamile kanye noma kabili ngosuku. Ungayithatha ngaphandle kokudla noma ngemva kokudla, kodwa ukuyithatha ngokudla kungasiza ukunciphisa isicanucanu sesisu.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngamanzi agcwele. Ungawachobozi, uwahlafune, noma uvule amaphilisi ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ngqo ukuthi wenze kanjalo.

Zama ukuthatha umuthi wakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho. Uma uthatha uhlobo oluwuketshezi, nyakazisa ibhodlela kahle ngaphambi kwesilinganiso ngasinye futhi usebenzise idivayisi yokulinganisa ehambisana nalo.

Gwema ukuthatha i-phenytoin nobisi noma ukudla okunothile nge-calcium, njengoba i-calcium ingaphazamisa ukumuncwa. Kungcono futhi ukugwema utshwala ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Phenytoin?

Abantu abaningi abanesithuthwane badinga ukuthatha i-phenytoin iminyaka eminingana, futhi abanye bangase bayidinge impilo yabo yonke. Ubude besikhathi buxhomeke ohlotsheni lwakho oluthile lokuthuthumela nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini.

Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzofuna ukuthi ungabi nakuthuthumela okungenani iminyaka emibili ngaphambi kokucabangela ukunciphisa noma ukuyeka umuthi. Ungayeki ukuthatha i-phenytoin ngokuzumayo, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukuthuthumela okuyingozi.

Uma wena nodokotela wakho ninquma ukuyeka i-phenytoin, kuzokwenziwa kancane kancane phakathi namasonto amaningana noma izinyanga. Lokhu kunciphisa kancane kancane kusiza ekuvikeleni ukuthuthumela kokuhoxiswa.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Phenytoin?

Njengazo zonke izidakamizwa, i-phenytoin ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela eminingi emibi imnene futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyibone ihlanganisa isiyezi, ukozela, nezinkinga zokuxhumana noma ibhalansi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka uma uqala ukuthatha umuthi noma lapho umthamo wakho ukhuphuka.

Nansi imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu abanye abantu abayitholayo:

• Ukuvuvukala nokuba nobumnene kwamazinyo
• Ukwanda kokukhula kwezinwele ebusweni nasemzimbeni
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma izinduna
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukuzamazama
• Ukudideka noma ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo

Le miphumela evamile ngokuvamile iyaphathwa futhi ivame ukuncipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuhlanzeka okuhle komlomo kungasiza ngezinkinga zamazinyo, futhi izinguquko zesikhumba zivame ukubuyiseka.

Imiphumela emibi ebucayi ayivamile kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lezi zimpawu ezingavamile kodwa ezibalulekile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphendula okukhulu kwesikhumba ngamabhamuza noma ukuxebuka
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo (i-jaundice)
• Ukulimala noma ukopha okungavamile
• Isiyezi esikhulu noma ukuquleka
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma noma inkulumo engacacile
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezibucayi, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha. Nakuba lezi zimo ezingavamile, ukubona kusenesikhathi nokwelashwa kubalulekile.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Phenytoin?

I-Phenytoin ayifanele wonke umuntu. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyalela lo muthi.

Akufanele uthathe i-phenytoin uma unokungezwani nayo noma eminye imithi efanayo. Abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo, isifo sesibindi, noma izifo zegazi bangase badinge ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Ukuqapha okukhethekile kuyadingeka uma unezinye zalezi zimo:

• Izinkinga zesibindi noma i-hepatitis
• Isifo senhliziyo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Isifo sikashukela
• Izinkinga zamathambo noma i-osteoporosis
• Ukucindezeleka noma imicabango yokuzibulala
• Ukuncika otshwaleni

Abesifazane abakhulelwe badinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile, njengoba i-phenytoin ingathinta ukukhula kombungu. Kodwa-ke, ukuquleka okungalawuleki ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaba yingozi, ngakho udokotela wakho uzohlola izingozi nezinzuzo ngokucophelela.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Phenytoin

Igama lomkhiqizo elaziwa kakhulu le-phenytoin yi-Dilantin, ekhiqizwa yi-Pfizer. Lo mkhiqizo ubelokhu utholakala amashumi eminyaka futhi waziwa kakhulu ngabahlinzeki bezempilo.

Amanye amagama omkhiqizo afaka i-Phenytek, eza ngama-capsule akhishwe isikhathi eside. Izinhlobo ze-generic ze-phenytoin nazo ziyatholakala futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinhlobo ezinamagama omkhiqizo.

Umthwebuli wakho wemithi angase akunikeze ama-capsule ahlukile njalo, kodwa wonke aqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo. Uma unokukhathazeka ngokushintsha phakathi kwemikhiqizo, xoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho noma umthwebuli wemithi.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Phenytoin

Ezinye izidakamizwa eziningi ezilwa nokuquleka zingasetshenziswa njengezinye izindlela ze-phenytoin. Udokotela wakho angase acabangele lokhu uma i-phenytoin ingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma ibangela imiphumela engathandeki.

Ezinye izindlela ezivamile zifaka i-carbamazepine, i-valproic acid, kanye nemithi emisha efana ne-levetiracetam noma i-lamotrigine. Ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo nemiphumela engaba khona.

Ukukhetha enye indlela kuncike ohlotsheni lwakho oluthile lokuquleka, ezinye izimo zempilo, nokuthi usabela kanjani emithini ehlukene. Ungalokothi ushintshe imithi yokuquleka ngaphandle kwesiqondiso sikadokotela wakho.

Ingabe i-Phenytoin Ingcono Kune-Carbamazepine?

Kokubili i-phenytoin ne-carbamazepine ziyizidakamizwa ezisebenzayo ezilwa nokuquleka, kodwa zisebenza kancane ngokuhlukile futhi zinezinhlobo ezihlukene zemiphumela emibi. Akukho noyedwa ongcono ngokujwayelekile kunomunye.

I-Phenytoin ingase ikhethwe uma udinga umuthi ongase ungabangeli ukozela noma uma unezinhlobo ezithile zokuhlaselwa eziphendula kangcono kuwo. I-Carbamazepine ingase ikhethwe uma ukhathazekile ngezinkinga zamagwebu noma imiphumela emibi yezimonyo.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela uhlobo lwakho oluthile lokuhlaselwa, ezinye izimo zempilo, ukusebenzisana okungenzeka kwemithi, nezintandokazi zomuntu siqu lapho ekhetha phakathi kwale mithi. Okusebenza kahle kakhulu kuyahluka kumuntu nomuntu.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Phenytoin

Ingabe i-Phenytoin iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

I-Phenytoin ingathinta ukukhula kombungu futhi yandise ingozi yokukhubazeka kokuzalwa, ikakhulukazi umlomo oqhekekile kanye nophahla lomlomo. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlaselwa okungalawulwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaba yingozi nakumama nomntwana.

Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa noma uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe ngenkathi uthatha i-phenytoin, ungayeki umuthi kungazelelwe. Kunalokho, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze nixoxe ngendlela ephephe kakhulu yesimo sakho esithile.

Udokotela wakho angase alungise umthamo wakho, akuqhubekisele komunye umuthi, noma ancome ukwengezwa okwengeziwe kwe-folic acid ukunciphisa izingozi. Ukuqapha njalo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubalulekile.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa ukuthatha i-Phenytoin eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-phenytoin eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha okuningi kungabangela izimpawu ezinzima njengokugidagida okukhulu, ukudideka, noma izinkinga zokuxhumana.

Izimpawu zokweqisa kwe-phenytoin zihlanganisa inkulumo engacacile, ubunzima bokuhamba, isicanucanu, kanye nokozela. Ezimweni ezinzima, kungathinta ukuphefumula nesigqi senhliziyo.

Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi izimpawu ziyavela yini. Noma ngabe uzizwa kahle, kubalulekile ukuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngoba amazinga e-phenytoin angakha ohlelweni lwakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Phenytoin?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, wuthatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kuleso simo, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esijwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe. Lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi kanye namazinga e-medication ayingozi egazini.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi noma ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo. Amazinga egazi aqhubekayo abalulekile ekuvikeleni ukuquleka.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Phenytoin?

Isinqumo sokuyeka i-phenytoin kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi nodokotela wakho, ngokuvamile ngemuva kokuthi ungabi nokuquleka okungenani iminyaka emibili. Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukuyithatha isikhathi eside noma unomphela.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengohlobo lokuquleka kwakho, imiphumela ye-EEG, izimo zobuchopho ezingaphansi, kanye nezinto zokuphila lapho enquma ukuthi kuphephile yini ukuyeka umuthi.

Uma uyeka i-phenytoin, kuzokwenziwa kancane kancane phakathi namasonto amaningana noma izinyanga. Lokhu kuncishiswa kancane kusiza ekuvikeleni ukuquleka kokuhoxiswa, okungaba yingozi.

Ngingashayela yini ngenkathi ngithatha i-Phenytoin?

Ukuthi ungashayela yini kuncike ekutheni ukuquleka kwakho kulawulwa kahle kangakanani nokuthi i-phenytoin ibangela yini imiphumela emibi ethinta ikhono lakho lokushayela ngokuphepha. Imithetho iyahlukahluka ngendawo, ngakho hlola imithetho yakho yendawo.

Izindawo eziningi zidinga ukuthi ungabi nokuquleka isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokushayela. Noma ngabe ukuquleka kwakho kulawulwa, imiphumela emibi efana nesiyezi noma ukozela ingase ithinte ikhono lakho lokushayela.

Xoxa ngokuphepha kokushayela nodokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi lapho uqala i-phenytoin noma ushintsha imithamo. Bangakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi kungaba nini kuphephile ukuqala ukushayela ngokuya ngesimo sakho.