Yini i-Pilocarpine (Indlela ye-Ophthalmic): Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

Amathonsi eso e-Pilocarpine yimithi kadokotela esiza ukunciphisa ingcindezi yamehlo kubantu abane-glaucoma noma i-ocular hypertension. Le mithi isebenza ngokusiza uketshezi lugeleze kalula emehlweni akho, okungavikela umbono wakho ekulimaleni okubangelwa ingcindezi ephezulu yamehlo.

Uma unikezwe amathonsi eso e-pilocarpine, kungenzeka ukuthi unemibuzo mayelana nokuthi isebenza kanjani, okumele ukulindele, nokuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani ngokuphepha. Ake sihambe kukho konke okudingeka ukwazi ngale mithi yamehlo ebalulekile ngendlela ezizwa ilawuleka futhi icacile.

Yini i-Pilocarpine?

I-Pilocarpine yimithi eyingxenye yeqembu elibizwa ngokuthi ama-cholinergic agonists. Uma isetshenziswa njengamathonsi eso, isebenza ngqo emehlweni akho ukusiza ukuphatha izimo lapho ingcindezi yamehlo iba phezulu kakhulu.

Le mithi isetshenziswe ngokuphepha amashumi eminyaka ukwelapha i-glaucoma nezimo zamehlo ezihlobene. Iza njengoketshezi olucacile olulusebenzisa ngqo emehlweni akho, ngokuvamile njengamathonsi avela ebhodleleni elincane.

Udokotela wakho wamehlo angase akunikeze i-pilocarpine uma ingcindezi yamehlo akho idinga ukwehliswa ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa umbono. Le mithi iyasiza ikakhulukazi ngoba isebenza ngokushesha futhi ingasetshenziswa kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-glaucoma.

Yini i-Pilocarpine Esetshenziselwa Yona?

Amathonsi eso e-Pilocarpine asetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha i-glaucoma ne-ocular hypertension. Zombili lezi zimo zihilela ingcindezi ephezulu kunejwayelekile ngaphakathi kweso lakho, okungalimaza kancane kancane imithambo yakho yamehlo futhi kuholele ekulahlekelweni umbono uma ingelashwa.

Ku-glaucoma, uketshezi olujikeleza ngokwemvelo emehlweni akho alugelezi kahle, okubangela ukuthi ingcindezi yakheke. I-Pilocarpine iyasiza ngokwenza uhlelo lokugeleza lusebenze ngempumelelo, okuvumela uketshezi oluningi ukuthi lugeleze emehlweni akho.

Udktora wakho angase futhi anqume ukuthi unikeze i-pilocarpine ye-ocular hypertension, okungukuthi lapho ingcindezi yamehlo akho ikhuphukile kodwa ingakalimazi imizwa yakho yamehlo. Ukwelapha lesi simo kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuvikeleni ukuthi singaqhubeki siye ku-glaucoma.

Ngezinye izikhathi, i-pilocarpine isetshenziswa ngesikhathi senqubo ethile yamehlo noma izivivinyo ukusiza umfundi wakho ukuthi anciphise (anciphe). Lokhu kungamnika udokotela wakho wamehlo umbono ongcono wezakhiwo ngaphakathi kweso lakho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Pilocarpine?

I-Pilocarpine isebenza ngokuvuselela ama-receptors athile esweni lakho abizwa ngokuthi ama-muscarinic receptors. Lapho la ma-receptors esetshenzisiwe, abangela ukuthi imisipha ezungeze uhlelo lwakho lokukhipha amehlo iqine ngendlela evula ngayo izindlela zokuthi uketshezi luphume.

Cabanga ngayo njengokuvula umsele. Iso lakho ngokwemvelo likhiqiza uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-aqueous humor, okudingeka luphume ngeziteshi ezincane. Lapho lezi ziteshi zivaleka noma zingasebenzi kahle, ingcindezi yakha ngaphakathi kweso lakho.

I-Pilocarpine iyasiza ngokushintsha ukuma kwezakhiwo ezizungeze lezi ziteshi zokukhipha amanzi, okwenza kube lula ukuthi uketshezi luphume esweni lakho. Le nqubo ngokuvamile iqala phakathi kwemizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwengama-30 ngemva kokuthi usebenzise amaconsi.

Umuthi uthathwa njengomuthi oqinile ngokulinganisela phakathi kokwelashwa kwe-glaucoma. Isebenza ekwehliseni ingcindezi yamehlo, kodwa ibangela imiphumela ethile ebonakalayo efana nokuncipha komfundi kanye nezinguquko zesikhashana embonweni wakho ofuna ukuba ulungiselele zona.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Pilocarpine?

Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamaconsi wamehlo e-pilocarpine kubalulekile ekutholeni imiphumela engcono kakhulu ngenkathi kunciphisa imiphumela emibi. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile, kodwa nazi iziqondiso ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa okuphephile.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amaconsi, geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi. Thambisa ikhanda lakho kancane futhi udonse kancane isihlobo sakho esingezansi ukuze udale iphokhe elincane. Bamba i-dropper ngaphezu kweso lakho ngaphandle kokulithinta esweni lakho noma isihlobo sakho.

Cindezela inani lamaconsi elinikezwe ngudokotela ephaketheni olidalile ngesihlathi sakho esingezansi. Ngemva kokusebenzisa amaconsi, vala iso lakho ngobumnene bese ucindezela kancane ekhoneni langaphakathi leso lakho eduze kwekhala lakho cishe iminithi elilodwa. Lokhu kusiza ekuvikeleni umuthi ukuthi ungangeni emseleni wakho wezinyembezi.

Akudingeki ukuthi uthathe i-pilocarpine nokudla noma amanzi ngoba isetshenziswa ngqo esweni lakho. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukusebenzisa amaconsi ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze kugcinwe amazinga aqhubekayo omuthi ohlelweni lwakho.

Uma usebenzisa eminye imithi yamehlo, linda okungenani imizuzu emi-5 ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amaconsi ahlukene. Lokhu kuvimbela omunye umuthi ukuthi ungawashi omunye futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ngamunye unesikhathi sokumuncwa kahle.

Kufanele ngiyithathe isikhathi esingakanani i-Pilocarpine?

Ubude besikhathi ozodinga ukusebenzisa ngaso i-pilocarpine buxhomeke esimweni sakho esithile nokuthi umfutho wamehlo akho usabela kahle kangakanani ekwelashweni. Abantu abaningi abaneglaucoma badinga ukusebenzisa imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wamehlo isikhathi eside ukuze bavikele umbono wabo.

Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzoqapha umfutho wamehlo akho njalo, ngokuvamile njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, ukuze abone ukuthi umuthi usebenza kahle kangakanani. Uma i-pilocarpine ilawula ngempumelelo umfutho wamehlo akho futhi uyayibekezelela kahle, ungaqhubeka nokuyisebenzisa unomphela.

Abanye abantu bangasebenzisa i-pilocarpine isikhathi esifushane uma inikezwe ngoba inqubo ethile noma ngenkathi belindele ukuthi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zisebenze. Abanye bangase badinge ukushintshela kweminye imithi uma i-pilocarpine ingawunciphisi umfutho wamehlo wabo ngokwanele noma idala imiphumela engathandeki.

Ungayeki ukusebenzisa i-pilocarpine ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho wamehlo kuqala. Umfutho wamehlo akho ungakhuphuka ngokushesha, okungase kubeke umbono wakho engozini. Uma unezinkinga ngomuthi, udokotela wakho angasiza ukulungisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokuphepha.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Pilocarpine?

Abantu abaningi bayakwazi ukumelana kahle ne-pilocarpine, kodwa njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini ongayilindela kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ukhululekile ekusebenziseni lo muthi futhi wazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nodokotela wakho.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu yenzeka ngoba i-pilocarpine ibangela ukuthi umfundi wakho anciphise (anciphe). Lokhu kungakwenza uzizwe sengathi ubuka ngembobo encane, engase ithinte umbono wakho okwesikhashana.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ongase uyithole:

• Ukubona okungacacile, ikakhulukazi uma ubuka izinto ezikude
• Ubunzima bokubona ekukhanyeni okuncane noma ebusuku
• Ubuhlungu emehlweni noma ubuhlungu, ikakhulukazi endaweni yezinkophe zakho
• Ikhanda elingase lizizwe sengathi livela ngemuva kwamehlo akho
• Umuzwa ovuthayo noma obabayo uma uqala ukusebenzisa amaconsi
• Ukukhalela okwandayo noma amehlo anamanzi

Le miphumela ivame ukuba mncane futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba amehlo akho ejwayela umuthi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala ukusetshenziswa. Ushintsho lombono ngokuvamile luhlala amahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-6 ngemuva kokusebenzisa amaconsi.

Abanye abantu bathola imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ekhathazayo edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Xhumana nodokotela wakho wamehlo uma uqaphela ubuhlungu obukhulu emehlweni obungathuthuki, izinguquko zombono ezingazelelwe ezibonakala zihlukile ekungacacini okuvamile, noma izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba njengokuqubuka noma ukuvuvukala.

Ngokungavamile, i-pilocarpine ingabangela ukuhlukana kwe-retinal, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanamehlo angaboni kahle noma abaye bahlinzwa emehlweni ngaphambilini. Lesi yisimo esibucayi esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Izimpawu zokuxwayisa zihlanganisa ukukhanya okungazelelwe, isithunzi esifana nekhethini embonweni wakho, noma ukwanda okungazelelwe kwama-floaters.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Pilocarpine?

Ngenkathi i-pilocarpine iphephile kubantu abaningi, izimo ezithile zenza kungafaneleki noma zidinga izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhethekile. Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokubhala lo muthi.

Akufanele usebenzise i-pilocarpine uma unenkinga yokungezwani nayo noma uma unezinhlobo ezithile ze-glaucoma ebizwa nge-angle-closure glaucoma lapho i-drainage angle esweni lakho ivalekile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-pilocarpine ingenza isimo sakho sibe sibi kakhulu.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zamehlo badinga ukuqashwa okukhethekile ngenkathi besebenzisa i-pilocarpine. Uma unomlando wokuhlukana kwe-retinal, unamehlo asondele kakhulu, noma uhlinzwe emehlweni muva nje, udokotela wakho uzohlola izinzuzo ngokumelene nezingozi ngokucophelela okwengeziwe.

Ezinye izimo zezempilo ezingaphandle kwamehlo akho nazo zingathinta ukuthi i-pilocarpine ilungele yini wena. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isifo senhliziyo esibi, isifuba somoya, izilonda zesisu, noma ukuvinjelwa komchamo. Ngenkathi umuthi ufakwa esweni lakho, amanani amancane angamuncwa emangeni akho.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisa ngamabele kufanele baxoxe ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wabo. Ngenkathi i-pilocarpine ingakaze iboniswe ukuthi ibangela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yimuphi umuthi owusebenzisayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa udingeka ngempela.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Pilocarpine

Amathonsi esweni le-Pilocarpine atholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, yize amakhemisi amaningi ephinde athwale nezinhlobo ezivamile. Amagama omkhiqizo avamile afaka i-Isopto Carpine, Pilocar, kanye ne-Akarpine.

I-Pilocarpine ejwayelekile isebenza kahle njengezinhlobo zomkhiqizo futhi ivame ukungabizi. Isithako esisebenzayo siyafana, yize izithako ezingasebenzi njengezivikeli zingahluka kancane phakathi kwabakhiqizi.

Ikhemisi lakho lingashintsha inguqulo ejwayelekile yegama lomkhiqizo ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho acele ngqo igama lomkhiqizo emiyalweni yakho. Uma uqaphela noma yikuphi ukungafani endleleni amehlo akho asabela ngayo lapho ushintsha phakathi kwemikhiqizo noma ejwayelekile, yazisa udokotela wakho wamehlo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Pilocarpine

Uma i-pilocarpine ingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma ibangela imiphumela engathandeki, eminye imithi ingasiza ukwehlisa ingcindezi yamehlo. Udokotela wakho wamehlo angakusiza ukuthola enye engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho ezithile.

Ama-analogs e-prostaglandin afana ne-latanoprost (Xalatan) noma i-travoprost (Travatan) avame ukuzanywa kuqala ngoba asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile adinga ukusetshenziswa kanye ngosuku. Le mithi isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kune-pilocarpine futhi ayibangeli izinguquko ezifanayo zombono.

Ama-beta-blockers afana ne-timolol (Timoptic) noma i-betaxolol (Betoptic) enye indlela. Lezi zivame ukubangela imiphumela emincane ehlobene nombono kune-pilocarpine, nakuba zingafaneleki kuwo wonke umuntu, ikakhulukazi abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo noma zamaphaphu.

Ama-alpha-agonists afana ne-brimonidine (Alphagan) noma ama-carbonic anhydrase inhibitors afana ne-dorzolamide (Trusopt) anikeza ezinye izindlela. Ngezinye izikhathi, imithi ehlanganisiwe ehlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zemithi ye-glaucoma ebhodleleni elilodwa ingaba lula futhi isebenze kahle.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome ukwelashwa nge-laser noma ukuhlinzwa uma imithi ingalawuli ingcindezi yamehlo akho ngokwanele. Lezi zinqubo ngezinye izikhathi zinganciphisa noma ziqede isidingo samaconsi wamehlo ansuku zonke.

Ingabe i-Pilocarpine Ingcono Kune-Timolol?

Kokubili i-pilocarpine ne-timolol ziyimithi esebenzayo yokwehlisa ingcindezi yamehlo, kodwa zisebenza ngezindlela ezihlukene futhi zinezinzuzo ezihlukene. Ukukhetha

I-Timolol ivame ukukhethwa njengokwelashwa kokuqala ngoba ngokuvamile ibangela imiphumela emibi embalwa ehlobene nombono. Awunakwenzeka ukuthi uzwe umbono ongacacile, izinkinga zombono ebusuku, kanye nekhanda elingase liqhamuke ne-pilocarpine.

Kodwa-ke, i-pilocarpine ingase ibe yindlela engcono uma unezimo zenhliziyo noma zamaphaphu ezenza ama-beta-blockers afana ne-timolol angakufaneli. Abanye abantu futhi basabela kangcono endleleni yokusebenza ye-pilocarpine, ikakhulukazi uma ukucindezela kwamehlo abo kungathuthuki ngokwanele nge-timolol.

Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzocabangela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele, ubunzima be-glaucoma yakho, nendlela yakho yokuphila lapho encoma umuthi ongcono kakhulu kuwe. Abantu abaningi bagcina besebenzisa imithi eminingi ndawonye ukuze kulawulwe kahle ukucindezela kwamehlo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Pilocarpine

Ingabe i-Pilocarpine Iphephile Ku-Diabetes?

I-Pilocarpine ngokuvamile iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, kodwa kufanele wazise udokotela wakho wamehlo ngesifo sakho sikashukela lapho nixoxa ngezinketho zokwelashwa. Ngenkathi umuthi usetshenziswa ngqo emehlweni akho, amanani amancane angamuncwa emsingeni wakho wegazi.

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sebeyingozi enkulu yezinkinga zamehlo, okuhlanganisa i-glaucoma, ngakho-ke ukulawula ukucindezela kwamehlo kubaluleke kakhulu. I-Pilocarpine ingaba yingxenye esebenzayo yohlelo lwakho lokunakekelwa kwamehlo uma isetshenziswa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

Udokotela wakho angase afune ukukuqapha eduze uma unesifo sikashukela, ikakhulukazi uma futhi une-diabetic retinopathy noma ezinye izinkinga zamehlo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwelapha i-glaucoma nge-pilocarpine kungasiza ukuvikela umbono wakho kanye nokuphathwa kwesifo sakho sikashukela.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngisebenzisa I-Pilocarpine Eningi Ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi usebenzisa amaconsi e-pilocarpine amaningi kunalawo abekiwe, ungangeni ekuphathekeni. Ukusebenzisa amaconsi amabili noma amathathu engeziwe ngezikhathi ezithile akunakwenzeka ukuthi kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu, nakuba ungase uzwe imiphumela emibi eqinile efana nombono ongacacile noma ukungakhululeki kwamehlo.

Geza iso lakho ngobumnene ngamanzi ahlanzekile uma usebenzise amaconsi amaningi kakhulu kunalawo abekiwe. Lokhu kungasiza ukususa imithi eyengeziwe ebusweni beso lakho. Ungase uzwe ukuncipha okukhulu kwabafundi nokushintsha kombono okungahlala isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho wamehlo noma usokhemisi uma ukhathazekile ngokuthi usebenzise kangakanani umuthi owengeziwe. Bangakunika iseluleko sokuthi yini ongayilindela nokuthi ngabe udinga ukulungisa umthamo wakho olandelayo yini. Ezimweni eziningi, uzoqhubeka nje nohlelo lwakho olujwayelekile lokulinganisa.

Uma uzwa izimpawu ezinzima njengobuhlungu obukhulu emehlweni, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-pilocarpine eningi kakhulu, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lezi kungaba yizimpawu zokuthi inani elikhulu lomuthi selingene emzimbeni wakho.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngedlula Umthamo We-Pilocarpine?

Uma weqa umthamo we-pilocarpine, uyisebenzise ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Kuleso simo, weqa umthamo owuqediwe bese uqhubeka nohlelo lwakho olujwayelekile.

Ungasebenzisi amaconsi engeziwe ukwenza umthamo owuqediwe. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi umfundi wakho anciphe kakhulu futhi kuholele emiphumeleni engathandeki noma ezinkingeni zombono. Ukuqina kubalulekile, kodwa umthamo owodwa owuqediwe ngeke ulimaze inqubekela phambili yakho yokwelashwa.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, zama ukusetha i-alamu yefoni noma usebenzise uhlelo lokukhumbuza amaphilisi. Abanye abantu bakuthola kuwusizo ukusebenzisa amaconsi abo emehlo ngesikhathi esifanayo abenza ngaso eminye imisebenzi yansuku zonke njengokuxubha amazinyo abo.

Yazisa udokotela wakho wamehlo uma unenkinga yokukhumbula ukusebenzisa amaconsi akho njalo. Bangase bakwazi ukusikisela amasu okukusiza ukuthi uhlale emgwaqeni noma baxoxe ngokuthi ngabe uhlelo oluhlukile lwemithi lungasebenza kangcono yini ngendlela yakho yokuphila.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Pilocarpine?

Kufanele uyeke ukusebenzisa i-pilocarpine kuphela uma udokotela wakho wamehlo ekutshela ukuthi kuphephile ukwenza kanjalo. I-Glaucoma kanye ne-ocular hypertension yizimo eziqhubekayo ezivame ukudinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa umbono.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ingcindezi yamehlo akho njalo futhi angase alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha uma isimo sakho sishintsha. Ngezinye izikhathi abantu bangashintshela emithini ehlukene noma banciphise umthamo wabo, kodwa lesi sinqumo kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngesiqondiso sezokwelapha.

Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi okwenza kube nzima ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-pilocarpine, khuluma nodokotela wakho wamehlo mayelana nezinye izindlela esikhundleni sokuyeka ngokwakho. Kukhona eminye imithi eminingi ephumelelayo ye-glaucoma etholakalayo.

Khumbula ukuthi umonakalo we-glaucoma unomphela, ngakho-ke ukugcina ukulawulwa okuhle kwengcindezi yamehlo kubalulekile ukuvikela umbono wakho osele. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola uhlelo lokwelapha olusebenzayo futhi olulawulekayo ngendlela yakho yokuphila.

Ngingashayela Ngenkathi Ngisebenzisa I-Pilocarpine?

I-Pilocarpine ingathinta ikhono lakho lokushayela ngokuphepha, ikakhulukazi emahoreni ambalwa okuqala ngemva kokusebenzisa amaconsi. Umuthi ubangela ukuthi abafundi bakho banciphe, okungase kwenze kube nzima ukubona kahle, ikakhulukazi ekukhanyeni okuncane noma ebusuku.

Ungase uhlangabezane nombono ongacacile, ikakhulukazi uma ubuka izinto ezikude, futhi ube nobunzima bokuzivumelanisa nezinguquko ekukhanyeni. Le miphumela ivame ukuba namandla phakathi namahora okuqala angu-2 kuya kwangu-4 ngemva kokusebenzisa amaconsi.

Kungcono ukugwema ukushayela ngemva nje kokusebenzisa i-pilocarpine uze wazi ukuthi umuthi uyithinta kanjani imibono yakho. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi bangashayela ngokuphepha emahoreni ambalwa ngemva kokusebenzisa amaconsi, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukugwema ukushayela ngokuphelele ngenkathi besebenzisa lo muthi.

Xoxa nodokotela wakho wamehlo mayelana nezidingo zakho zokushayela uma uqala i-pilocarpine. Bangase bakwazi ukulungisa isimiso sakho sokulinganisa noma bancomela ezinye izindlela zokwelapha uma ukushayela kubalulekile emsebenzini wakho noma emisebenzini yansuku zonke.