Yini i-Pirfenidone: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Pirfenidone iyimithi kadokotela eyenzelwe ngqo ukunciphisa ukulimala kwamaphaphu kubantu abane-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Le mithi yomlomo isebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvimba amaprotheni athile abangela ukwakheka kwezicubu ezinamanxeba ngokweqile emaphashini akho. Nakuba ingelaphi i-IPF, i-pirfenidone isiza ukugcina ukusebenza kwamaphaphu akho futhi inganweba izinga lempilo yakho uma ithathwa njengengxenye yohlelo olubanzi lokwelapha.

Yini i-Pirfenidone?

I-Pirfenidone iyimithi elwa ne-fibrotic eyingxenye yeqembu elikhethekile lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-pyridones. Ivunyelwe ngqo yi-FDA ukwelapha i-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, isifo samaphaphu esiqhubekayo lapho izicubu zamaphaphu ezinempilo ziba namanxeba futhi zibe makhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Umuthi uza ngesimo se-capsule futhi uthathwa ngomlomo kathathu ngosuku ngokudla. Cabanga nge-pirfenidone njengohlelo lwama-brake lwenqubo yakho yokulimala kwamaphaphu - ayibuyisi umonakalo okhona, kodwa inciphisa kakhulu ukuqhubeka kokwakheka kwezicubu ezintsha ezinamanxeba.

Lo muthi ubhekwa njengokwelashwa okusha ezigulini ze-IPF ngoba ngaphambi kokuvunywa kwawo, kwakunezinketho ezilinganiselwe kakhulu ezitholakalayo zokunciphisa lesi sifo esiqhubekayo. I-Pirfenidone ikunika wena nethimba lakho lezempilo isikhathi esengeziwe sokuphatha isimo sakho ngempumelelo.

Yini i-Pirfenidone Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Pirfenidone isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha i-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), isimo samaphaphu esibi lapho izicubu ezinamanxeba zithatha indawo yezicubu zamaphaphu ezinempilo kancane kancane. Igama elithi "idiopathic" lisho ukuthi odokotela abazi ngokuqondile ukuthi yini ebangela lolu hlobo oluthile lokulimala kwamaphaphu, okwenza lwahluke kwezinye izinhlobo ze-pulmonary fibrosis.

I-IPF ngokuvamile ithinta abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-50 futhi ibangela izimpawu ezinjengokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo okomile, ukuphefumula kanzima ngesikhathi somsebenzi, kanye nokwehla kancane komsebenzi wamaphaphu. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, lesi simo sivame ukuba sibi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi umoya-mpilo udlule emaphashini akho ungene egazini lakho.

Njengamanje, i-pirfenidone ayivunyelwe ezinye izinhlobo zezimo zokulimala kwamaphaphu, nakuba abacwaningi beqhubeka nokutadisha izinzuzo zayo ezingaba khona ekuphazamisekeni kwamaphaphu okuhlobene. Udokotela wakho uzoqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwakho okuthile ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu, ukuskena kwe-CT, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-lung biopsy ngaphambi kokunquma lo muthi.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Pirfenidone?

I-Pirfenidone isebenza ngokugxila ezindleleni eziningi ezihilelekile ekulimaleni kwamaphaphu nokuvuvukala. Ivimba ukukhiqizwa kwe-transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), iphrotheni ekhomba umzimba wakho ukuthi udale inyama eningi yezilonda emaphashini akho.

Umuthi futhi unciphisa ukuvuvukala ngokunciphisa umsebenzi wamaseli athile omzimba omelana nezifo abamba iqhaza ekulimaleni kwamaphaphu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pirfenidone iphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen - i-collagen iyiphrotheni eyinhloko eyakha inyama yezilonda emaphashini akho.

Lokhu kuthathwa njengomuthi onamandla ngokulinganisela ngoba unethonya elikhulu ekuqhubekeleni phambili kwesifo, kodwa akuwona umuthi onolaka njenge-chemotherapy. Umuthi usebenza kancane kancane ezinyangeni, futhi ungase ungaboni ngcono ngokushesha ngendlela ozizwa ngayo, kodwa izivivinyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu zivame ukukhombisa ukwehla kancane ekuqhubekeleni phambili kwesifo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Pirfenidone?

Thatha i-pirfenidone ngendlela udokotela wakho ayincomayo, ngokuvamile kathathu ngosuku ngokudla. Ukuyithatha ngokudla kusiza ukunciphisa isisu esibuhlungu futhi kuthuthukisa ukuthi umzimba wakho umunca kahle kangakanani umuthi.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele - ungawachobozi, uwahlafune, noma uwaqhekeze. Hlukanisa imithamo yakho ngokulinganayo usuku lonke, njengokudla kwasekuseni, kwasemini, nakusihlwa. Lesi sikhathi esiqhubekayo sisiza ukugcina amazinga aqhubekayo omuthi egazini lakho.

Udkt wakho ngokuvamile uzoqala ngomthamo ophansi bese ewunyusa kancane kancane emasontweni ambalwa okuqala. Le ndlela yokunyuka isiza umzimba wakho ukuba ujwayele umuthi futhi inciphisa amathuba okuba nemiphumela emibi. Abantu abaningi bagcina bethatha i-801 mg kathathu ngosuku njengomthamo wabo wokulondoloza.

Uma udla ukudla okukhulu, kulungile ukuthatha i-pirfenidone. Kodwa-ke, zama ukugwema ukuyithatha esiswini esingenalutho, ngoba lokhu kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokucasuka kwesisu nokungakhululeki kwesisu.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Pirfenidone?

I-Pirfenidone ngokuvamile iyindlela yokwelapha yesikhathi eside ozoqhubeka uyithatha unomphela, inqobo nje uma isiza ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo sakho futhi uyayibekezelela kahle. I-IPF yisimo esingamahlalakhona, esiqhubekayo esidinga ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo kunokwelashwa kwesikhashana.

Udkt wakho uzoqapha impendulo yakho emuthini ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu njalo, ngokuvamile njalo emva kwezinyanga ezi-3-6. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ukunquma ukuthi i-pirfenidone iyalinciphisa ngempumelelo yini ukwehla komthamo wamaphaphu akho nokuthi kufanele uqhubeke yini nokwelashwa.

Abanye abantu bathatha i-pirfenidone iminyaka ngemiphumela emihle, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukuyeka uma bethola imiphumela emibi engabekezeleleki noma uma isifo sabo siqhubeka naphezu kokwelashwa. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizosebenza nawe ukuthola ibhalansi efanele phakathi kwezinzuzo nanoma yiziphi izinselelo ohlangabezana nazo.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Emibi ye-Pirfenidone?

Ukuqonda imiphumela emibi engaba khona kungakusiza ukuba uzizwe ulungiseleleke kakhulu futhi wazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Abantu abaningi bahlangabezana nemiphumela emibi ethile, kodwa abaningi bayayithola iphatheka ngokusekelwa okufanele nokulungiswa.

Imiphumela eseceleni evame kakhulu ongase uhlangabezane nayo ihlanganisa:

• Isicanucanu nokungakhululeki kwesisu (kuthinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabathathu)
• Ukuzwela kwesikhumba elangeni, okuholela ekuqhumeni noma ukusha yilanga
• Ukukhathala nokuzizwa ukhathele kunokujwayelekile
• Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla nokuncipha kwesisindo
• Isiyezi, ikakhulukazi lapho usukuma ngokushesha
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu nokudideka okuncane
• Ukuqunjelwa noma izinguquko emikhubeni yamathumbu

Le miphumela eseceleni evamile ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala. Ukuthatha i-pirfenidone nokudla nokuhlala unamanzi kahle kungasiza ekunciphiseni izinkinga ezihlobene nesisu.

Imiphumela eseceleni engavamile kodwa ebucayi idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha:

• Ukuphendula kwesikhumba okukhulu noma ukuqhuma okusabalale kabanzi
• Izimpawu zezinkinga zesibindi njengokuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo, umchamo omnyama, noma ubuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo
• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukwanda kwezimpawu zamaphaphu
• Isiyezi esikhulu noma izigameko zokuquleka
• Ukulimala okungajwayelekile noma ukuphuma kwegazi

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zingabandakanya ukulimala kwesibindi okukhulu noma izinguquko ezingavamile zesigqi senhliziyo. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho ngezivivinyo zegazi ezivamile futhi angase alungise umthamo wakho noma amise imithi uma kwenzeka izinguquko ezikhathazayo.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha I-Pirfenidone?

Abanye abantu akufanele bathathe i-pirfenidone ngenxa yengozi eyengeziwe yezinkinga ezinzima. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nemithi yamanje ngaphambi kokubhala lo muthi.

Akufanele uthathe i-pirfenidone uma une:

• Isifo sesibindi esibi noma umlando wezinkinga zesibindi
• Isifo sezinso esigabeni sokugcina esidinga ukuhlanza igazi
• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo ne-pirfenidone noma yiziphi izithako zayo
• Ukusetshenziswa kwamanje kwe-fluvoxamine (i-antidepressant) engandisa ngendlela eyingozi amazinga e-pirfenidone

Ukuqapha okukhethekile kuyadingeka uma uthatha imithi ethile engase ihlangane ne-pirfenidone, okuhlanganisa ama-antibiotics athile, imithi elwa nesikhunta, kanye nemithi yenhliziyo. Njalo yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngayo yonke imithi, izithasiselo, kanye nemikhiqizo yezitshalo oyisebenzisayo njengamanje.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe akufanele bathathe i-pirfenidone ngoba ingalimaza ingane esakhula. Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa noma uncelisa, xoxa ngezinketho zokwelashwa ezingezinye nodokotela wakho. Amadoda athatha i-pirfenidone kufanele futhi akhulume nomhlinzeki wabo wezempilo mayelana nezinto okufanele zicatshangelwe ekuhleleni umndeni.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Pirfenidone

I-Pirfenidone itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Esbriet e-United States. Lena iyona fomula evame kakhulu ukunqunywa futhi iyona izinhlelo zomshuwalense ezijwayele ukuyikhava.

Emazweni angaphandle, i-pirfenidone ingase itholakale ngaphansi kwamagama omkhiqizo ahlukene, kodwa isithako esisebenzayo kanye nokulinganisa okujwayelekile kuhlala kufana. Izinhlobo ze-generic ze-pirfenidone ziya zitholakala kwezinye izifunda, ezingase zinikeze ukonga izindleko ngenkathi zinikeza izinzuzo ezifanayo zokwelapha.

Njalo hlola nomunye wemithi yakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uthola imithi efanele, ikakhulukazi uma uhamba noma ugcwalisa imiyalelo ezindaweni ezihlukene. Ukubukeka kwama-capsules kungahluka phakathi kwabakhiqizi, kodwa okuqukethwe isithako esisebenzayo kufanele kube okulinganayo.

Ezinye Izindlela ze-Pirfenidone

I-Nintedanib (igama lomkhiqizo elithi Ofev) iyona ndlela enkulu ehlukile ye-pirfenidone yokwelapha i-IPF. Yomibili imithi isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kodwa ifinyelela imigomo efanayo yokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo nokugcina umsebenzi wamaphaphu.

I-Nintedanib ivimba izindlela ezihlukene ezihilelekile ekulimaleni kwamaphaphu futhi ithathwa kabili ngosuku ngokudla. Abanye abantu bayayibekezelela kangcono enye imithi kunenye, futhi udokotela wakho angase ancome ukushintsha uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi ebalulekile ngokuphathwa kwakho kwamanje.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezisekelayo ze-IPF zihlanganisa ukwelashwa nge-oxygen, ukuvuselelwa kwamaphaphu, kanye nokufakelwa kwamaphaphu kulabo abafanelekayo. Lezi zindlela zisebenza kanye nemithi elwa ne-fibrotic ukusiza ukuphatha izimpawu nokugcina izinga lokuphila kwakho.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizosiza ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu esimweni sakho esithile, kucatshangelwa izinto ezinjengempilo yakho yonke, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, nezintandokazi zomuntu siqu.

Ingabe i-Pirfenidone ingcono kune-Nintedanib?

Akukho ngisho i-pirfenidone noma i-nintedanib engcono kunenye - zombili ziyindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo ye-IPF esebenza ngezindlela ezihlukene. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi yomibili imithi yehlisa ngendlela efanayo ukwehla komsebenzi wamaphaphu futhi yehlise ingozi yokuthuthuka kwesifo.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwale mithi kuvame ukwehla ekutheni yiziphi izimo ezingezinhle ozibekezelela kangcono kanye nesimo sakho sezokwelapha somuntu ngamunye. I-Pirfenidone kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ibangele isicanucanu nokuzwela kwesikhumba, kuyilapho i-nintedanib ivame kakhulu ukubangela isifo sohudo kanye nezinguquko ze-enzyme yesibindi.

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi isimiso sokulinganisa se-pirfenidone kathathu ngosuku kunzima ukusikhumbula, kuyilapho abanye bekhetha ukuthi kube yi-nintedanib kabili ngosuku. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela indlela yakho yokuphila, eminye imithi, nezintandokazi zomuntu siqu lapho encoma ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelapha okufanele uzame kuqala.

Uma ungayibekezeleli kahle imithi eyodwa, ukushintshela kwenye kuvame ukuba yindlela efanelekile. Zombili izindlela zokwelapha ziye zasiza abantu abaningi abane-IPF ukuthi bagcine umsebenzi wamaphaphu ongcono kanye nekhwalithi yempilo uma kuqhathaniswa nokungelashwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Pirfenidone

Ingabe i-Pirfenidone iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Pirfenidone ngokuvamile ithathwa njengephephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo ezinzile, kodwa udokotela wakho wenhliziyo kanye nodokotela wamaphaphu kufanele basebenzisane ukuze baqaphe ukwelashwa kwakho. Umuthi awuthinti ngqo ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, kodwa eminye imiphumela engemihle efana nesiyezi ingase ikhathaze kakhulu uma unezimo zenhliziyo ezithile.

Uma unezinkinga zokushaya kwenhliziyo, udokotela wakho uzokuqapha eduze ngoba i-pirfenidone ngezinye izikhathi ingathinta ukushaya kwenhliziyo ezimweni ezingavamile. Abantu abaningi abanezifo zenhliziyo ezilawulwa kahle bangayithatha ngokuphepha i-pirfenidone ngaphansi kokuqondiswa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuzile i-Pirfenidone eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uphuza umthamo owengeziwe we-pirfenidone, ungangeni ekuvaleni, kodwa xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo noma usokhemisi ukuze uthole isiqondiso. Ukuphuza okuningi kancane kunokunqunyiwe ngezinye izikhathi ngokuvamile akuyingozi, kodwa kungase kwandise ingozi yakho yemiphumela engemihle efana nesicanucanu noma isiyezi.

Ungazami ukuthi "ulungise" umthamo owengeziwe ngokususa umthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kunalokho, qhubeka nesimiso sakho sokulinganisa esivamile futhi uzihlolele noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile. Uma uthathe okuningi kakhulu kunokunqunyiwe noma uzizwa ungaphilile, funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwe umthamo we-Pirfenidone?

Uma uphuthelwe umthamo we-pirfenidone, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, kodwa kuphela uma kungaphakathi kwamahora ambalwa esikhathi sakho esihleliwe. Uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka nesimiso sakho esivamile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kwandisa ingozi yakho yemiphumela engemihle. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabanga ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukuthi uhlale emgwaqeni ngokwelashwa kwakho.

Ngingayeka nini ukuphuza i-Pirfenidone?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-pirfenidone ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wakho, njengoba i-IPF iyisifo esiqhubekayo esivame ukuba sibi ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Abantu abaningi baqhubeka nokuthatha i-pirfenidone isikhathi eside ngaphandle uma bethola imiphumela engathandeki noma isifo sabo siqhubeka ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi i-pirfenidone isakuzuzisa yini ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu nokuqapha izimpawu. Uma udinga ukuyeka umuthi, ithimba lakho lezempilo lizoxoxa ngezindlela zokwelapha ezingezinye futhi likusize ukuthi udlulele ngokuphepha ohlelweni lwakho olulandelayo lokwelashwa.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Pirfenidone?

Kungcono ukukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-pirfenidone, njengoba kokubili kungathinta ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho. Ukuphuza okukhanyayo ngezikhathi ezithile kungamukeleka kwabanye abantu, kodwa kufanele uxoxe ngalokhu nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho sempilo.

Njengoba i-pirfenidone ingabangela isiyezi futhi utshwala bungakwenza kube kubi kakhulu lokhu, ukukuhlanganisa kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yokuwa noma izingozi. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho njalo futhi angakunikeza isiqondiso esiqondene nawe mayelana nokusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yakho yokuhlolwa kanye nempilo yonke.