Yini i-Pivmecillinam: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Pivmecillinam iyisibulala-magciwane esiqondiswe ngqo ezifweni zomgudu womchamo (UTIs). Ingaphansi kweqembu lezibulala-magciwane elibizwa ngokuthi ama-penicillins, kodwa yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukusebenza kahle ohlelweni lwakho lomchamo lapho ezinye izibulala-magciwane ezingase zingasebenzi kahle.

Lo muthi ungenani elikhulu odokotela ngoba ungabhekana namagciwane e-UTI aqinile asevele amelana nezinye izibulala-magciwane ezivamile. Cabanga ngayo njengethuluzi elikhethekile ekhithini lezempilo lakho, eliwusizo ikakhulukazi lapho ukwelashwa kokuqala kungasebenzanga noma lapho unezifo eziphindaphindayo.

Yini i-Pivmecillinam?

I-Pivmecillinam uhlobo oluyingqayizivele lwe-penicillin antibiotic olwakhiwe ngokukhethekile ukugxila emchamweni wakho. Ngokungafani nama-penicillins avamile asebenza emzimbeni wakho wonke, lo muthi wenzelwe ukufinyelela emazingeni aphezulu emgudwini wakho womchamo lapho ungakwazi ukulwa ngempumelelo amagciwane abangela ukutheleleka.

Umuthi usebenza ngokuphazamisa izindonga zamaseli amagciwane, okubangela ukuthi awohloke futhi afe. Okwenza i-pivmecillinam ikhetheke ikhono layo lokuhlala isebenza ngisho nalapho amagciwane esethuthukise ukumelana namanye ama-penicillins. Lokhu kuyenza ibaluleke ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni izifo zomgudu womchamo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma eziphindaphindayo.

Isetshenziselwani i-Pivmecillinam?

I-Pivmecillinam ikakhulukazi inikezwa izifo zomgudu womchamo, okuhlanganisa amacala alula nayinkimbinkimbi. Udokotela wakho angase ancome lo muthi uma une-UTI engaphendulanga kwamanye ama-antibiotics noma lapho ukuhlolwa kwelebhu kubonisa amagciwane amelana nokwelashwa okujwayelekile.

Nawa amanye amakhambi lapho i-pivmecillinam ibonakala iwusizo kakhulu:

• Ukutheleleka okulula kwendlela yokuchama (i-cystitis)
• Ama-UTI ayinkimbinkimbi kubantu abanezimo zempilo ezingaphansi
• Ama-UTI aphindaphindayo abuya njalo
• Ama-UTIs abangelwa amagciwane amelana namanye ama-antibiotics
• Ukutheleleka kwesitho somchamo kubantu abanezinkinga zokwakheka kwendlela yokuchama

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokuvamile uzokhetha i-pivmecillinam lapho bedinga i-antibiotic eqondiswe ngqo ohlelweni lomchamo. Ilusizo ikakhulukazi uma uke waba nama-UTI amaningi noma uma ama-antibiotics ajwayelekile engazange anikeze ukukhululeka.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Pivmecillinam?

I-Pivmecillinam isebenza ngokuhlasela igobolondo elivikelayo elingaphandle lamagciwane elibizwa nge-cell wall. Lapho amagciwane ezama ukukhula nokuzala, adinga ukwakha nokugcina lezi zindonga zamaseli ukuze asinde. Lo muthi uphazamisa le nqubo, okwenza izindonga zamaseli amagciwane zibe buthaka futhi ekugcineni ziqhekeke.

Okuthuthukisa i-pivmecillinam ukuthi ikwazi ukugxila emchamweni wakho emazingeni aphezulu kakhulu kunasegazini lakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingabulala amagciwane endleleni yakho yokuchama ngisho nalapho lawo magciwane angase asinde ekuchayekeni emuthini kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho. I-antibiotic ithathwa njengeqinile ngokulinganisela, inamandla kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha eziyisisekelo ze-UTI kodwa ithambile kune-antibiotics esibhedlela enamandla kakhulu.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Pivmecillinam?

I-Pivmecillinam kufanele ithathwe ngendlela eqondile njengoba udokotela wakho ekunqumele ngayo, ngokuvamile ngokudla ukuze usize umzimba wakho ukuyimunca kangcono futhi unciphise isisu esibuhlungu. Abantu abaningi bayithatha izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngosuku, behlukanisa imithamo ngokulinganayo usuku lonke ukuze bagcine amazinga aqhubekayo ohlelweni lwakho.

Ukuthatha umuthi ngokudla noma ukudla okulula okuqukethe amafutha angathuthukisa ukumuncwa. Ucezu lwe-toast ngebhotela, ingilazi yobisi, noma iyogathi kusebenza kahle. Gwema ukuyithatha esiswini esingenalutho ngokuphelele, ngoba lokhu kunganciphisa ukuthi umzimba wakho umunca kangakanani futhi kungase kubangele isicanucanu.

Qiniseka ukuthi uphuza amanzi amaningi ngenkathi usebenzisa i-pivmecillinam. Lokhu kusiza ukukhipha amagciwane emgudwini wakho womchamo futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi imithi ifinyelela ezindaweni lapho idingeka kakhulu. Qhubeka nokuthatha umthamo ogcwele ngisho noma uqala ukuzizwa ungcono ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Pivmecillinam?

Umthamo ovamile wokwelashwa nge-pivmecillinam usukela ezinsukwini ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-7 zokutheleleka okungahambisani ne-UTIs. Udokotela wakho uzoqoka isikhathi esiqondile esisekelwe ekuthelelekeni kwakho okuthile, umlando wezokwelapha, nokuthi izimpawu zakho zinzima kangakanani.

Ezifweni ezingashoni zamathumba, ungase udinge izinsuku eziyi-3-5 kuphela zokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, uma unokutheleleka okuyinkimbinkimbi, izimo zempilo ezingaphansi, noma umlando we-UTIs eziphindaphindayo, udokotela wakho angase anqume umthamo omude wezinsuku eziyi-7-10. Abanye abantu abanezifo ezivamile bangase badinge ukwelashwa okwandisiwe noma imithamo yokuvimbela.

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-pivmecillinam ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono ngokuphelele. Ukuyeka ama-antibiotics ngokushesha kungavumela amagciwane asele ukuthi ande futhi kungenzeka ukuthi athuthukise ukumelana, okwenza ukutheleleka okuzayo kube nzima ukukwelapha.

Yiziphi Izimo Ezingezinhle Ze-Pivmecillinam?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-pivmecillinam ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ivamise ukuba mnene futhi ithinta uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla ngoba imithi idlula esiswini sakho namathumbu.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ongase uyithole, iqala ngaleyo evamile kakhulu:

• Ukucasuka kwesisu nokucasuka
• Ukuqunjelwa noma izitulo ezixekile
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukuqaqamba
• Ikhanda
• Isiyezi
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma ukuluma
• Ukuphalaza

Iningi lalezi zimpawu zisesikhashana futhi ziyathuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi. Ukuthatha i-pivmecillinam nokudla ngokuvamile kusiza ukunciphisa isicanucanu nokungakhululeki kwesisu.

Ezinye izimo ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zingenzeka, nakuba zingavamile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusabela okukhulu komzimba, isifo sohudo esiqhubekayo esingase sibonise ukutheleleka emathunjini okungathi sína, noma ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile noma ukulimala. Uma uhlangabezana nobunzima bokuphefumula, ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba, noma isifo sohudo esinegazi esiqhubekayo, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe I-Pivmecillinam?

I-Pivmecillinam ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzocabangela ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyinika. Ukuphikisana okubaluleke kakhulu ukungezwani komzimba okwaziwayo kuma-antibiotics e-penicillin, njengoba i-pivmecillinam ingeyalolu hlu lwemithi.

Abantu okufanele bagweme noma basebenzise i-pivmecillinam ngokucophelela okukhulu bahlanganisa:

• Labo abanezifo ezingezwani ne-penicillin noma i-antibiotic ye-beta-lactam
• Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zezinso
• Abantu abanomlando wesifo sohudo esiqinile esibangelwa ama-antibiotics
• Labo abanezimo ezithile zofuzo ezithinta ukukhishwa kwe-amino acid
• Abantu abathatha imithi ethile esebenzisana ne-pivmecillinam

Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, xoxa ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wakho. Ngenkathi i-pivmecillinam ngokuvamile ithathwa njengephephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzohlola isidingo sokwelashwa ngokumelene nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona kuwe nomntwana wakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Pivmecillinam

I-Pivmecillinam itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo kuye ngendawo yakho kanye nokwakheka okuthile. Igama lomkhiqizo elivamile yi-Selexid, etholakala kabanzi emazweni amaningi yokwelapha izifo zomgudu womchamo.

Amanye amagama ebhrendi ahlanganisa i-Pivmelam kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-generic eziqulathe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo. Ikhemisi lakho lingase libe namabhrendi ahlukene, kodwa wonke aqukethe umuthi ofanayo futhi asebenza ngendlela efanayo. Uma ujwayele ibhrendi ethile futhi ikhemisi lakho lishintshela kwenye, ungakhathazeki – ukusebenza kahle kuhlala kunjalo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Pivmecillinam

Uma i-pivmecillinam ingakulungele noma ingasebenzi kahle, ama-antibiotics amaningi ahlukile angelapha izifo zomgudu womchamo. Udokotela wakho angase acabangele i-nitrofurantoin, i-trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, noma ama-fluoroquinolones afana ne-ciprofloxacin kuye ngesimo sakho esithile.

I-Nitrofurantoin ivame ukusetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kokuqala kwe-UTIs elula futhi isebenza kahle kubantu abaningi. I-Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ingenye inketho ejwayelekile, nakuba ukumelana kwamagciwane nale nhlanganisela kuye kwanda eminyakeni yamuva. Ezifweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, udokotela wakho angase anikeze ama-fluoroquinolones, nakuba lawa ngokuvamile agcinelwe amacala lapho amanye ama-antibiotics engasebenzanga.

Ukukhetha okunye kuncike ezintweni ezifana nomlando wakho wokungezwani komzimba, ukusebenza kwezinso, amagciwane athile abangela ukutheleleka kwakho, nokuthi uke waba ne-UTIs ngaphambili yini. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokhetha inketho efanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezimweni zakho.

Ingabe i-Pivmecillinam ingcono kune-Nitrofurantoin?

Kokubili i-pivmecillinam ne-nitrofurantoin ziyizibulala-magciwane ezisebenzayo zezifo zomgudu womchamo, kodwa zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi zinezinzuzo ezihlukene. Ukukhetha okungcono kuncike esimweni sakho esithile, amagciwane abangela ukutheleleka kwakho, kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

I-Pivmecillinam ingase ikhethwe uma une-UTIs ebangwa amagciwane amelana namanye ama-antibiotics, noma uma uke waba nezifo eziphindaphindayo ezingaphendulanga ekwelashweni okujwayelekile. Isebenza kahle ikakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezithile zamagciwane asekhe athuthukise ukumelana nama-antibiotics amadala.

I-Nitrofurantoin, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ivame ukusetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kokuqala kwe-UTIs ezingahambisani nezinkinga futhi inerekhodi elide lokuphepha. Ngokuvamile iyabekezeleleka kahle futhi isebenza ngempumelelo kumagciwane amaningi ajwayelekile e-UTI. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezinjengomlando wakho wokutheleleka, imiphumela yelabhorethri, nokuthi yimuphi umuthi ongase ususe ukutheleleka kwakho ngempumelelo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Pivmecillinam

Q1. Ingabe i-Pivmecillinam iphephile ezigulini ezinokugula kwezinso?

I-Pivmecillinam ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanezifo ezingatheni kuya kweziphakathi zezinso, kodwa umthamo ungase udingeke ukuthi ulungiswe. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela ukusebenza kwezinso zakho lapho ebeka lo muthi futhi angase ancome umthamo ophansi noma izikhawu ezinde phakathi kwemithamo.

Uma unezifo ezinzima zezinso, umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzoqondanisa izinzuzo nezingozi ezingaba khona. Bangase bakhethe i-antibiotic enye noma bakuqaphele eduze ngenkathi uthatha i-pivmecillinam. Njalo yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izinkinga zezinso onazo ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi.

Q2. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa ngithatha i-Pivmecillinam eningi kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-pivmecillinam eningi kakhulu kunaleyo ebekiwe, ungapheli amandla, kodwa xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ukuze uthole isiqondiso. Ukuthatha umthamo ophindwe kabili ngezikhathi ezithile akunakwenzeka ukuthi kubangele ukulimala okukhulu, kodwa ukuthatha okuningi kakhulu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi.

Izimpawu zokuthatha okuningi zingabandakanya isicanucanu esibi, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, noma ubuhlungu besisu. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo ngemva kokuthatha imithi eyengeziwe, funa usizo lwezokwelapha. Gcina ibhodlela lemithi nawe ukuze abahlinzeki bezempilo bakwazi ukubona kahle ukuthi uthathe ini nokuthi uthathe malini.

Q3. Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngeqe Umthamo We-Pivmecillinam?

Uma ugeqa umthamo we-pivmecillinam, yithathe ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kuleso simo, weqa umthamo ogeqiwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho evamile. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ogeqiwe.

Zama ukuhlukanisa imithamo yakho esele ngokulinganayo usuku lonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo omuthi ohlelweni lwakho. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukuthi uhlale emgqeni wokwelashwa kwakho.

Q4. Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Pivmecillinam?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-pivmecillinam uma usuqedele inkambo ephelele ebekwe udokotela wakho, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono ngokuphelele. Ukuyeka ama-antibiotics ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungavumela amagciwane asele ukuthi ande futhi kungenzeka ukuthi athuthukise ukumelana nomuthi.

Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi engathi sína okwenza kube nzima ukuqhubeka nomuthi, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuyeka. Bangakwazi ukweluleka ukuthi kuphephile yini ukuyeka umuthi noma ngabe udinga ukushintshela kwenye i-antibiotic ukuze uqedele ukwelashwa kwakho.

Q5. Ngingakwazi Yini Ukuphuza Utshwala Ngenkathi Ngithatha I-Pivmecillinam?

Ngenkathi kungekho ukuxhumana okuqondile okuyingozi phakathi kwe-pivmecillinam notshwala, ngokuvamile kungcono ukugwema ukuphuza ngenkathi welashwa ngesifo. Utshwala bungaphazamisa ikhono lomzimba wakho lokulwa nesifo futhi lungase lenze imiphumela emibi ibe yimbi njengesicanucanu noma isisu esibuhlungu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, utshwala bungawuthinta ubuthongo bakho kanye nesistimu yakho yokuzivikela, okungenzeka ukuthi buzolisa ukululama kwakho ekuthelelekeni ngamathambo omchamo. Uma ukhetha ukuphuza, kwenze ngokulinganisela futhi unake indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo. Gxila ekuhlaliseni amanzi kahle ngamanzi ukuze usize ukukhipha amagciwane ohlelweni lwakho lomchamo.