Yini umgomo we-Pneumococcal 13-Valent? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Nokwelashwa Ekhaya

Umjovo we-pneumococcal 13-valent ngumjovo ovikelayo osiza umzimba wakho ukulwa nezinhlobo eziyi-13 ezihlukene zamagciwane e-pneumococcal. Lawa magciwane angabangela izifo ezingathi sína njengomkhuhlane wamaphaphu, i-meningitis, nezifo zegazi. Lo mgomo ubaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni, izingane ezincane, kanye nabantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65, njengoba amasosha abo omzimba angase adinge ukwesekwa okwengeziwe ekulweni nalezi zifo ezingaba yingozi.

Yini umgomo we-Pneumococcal 13-Valent?

Lo mgomo uvikela ezinhlotsheni eziyi-13 ze-Streptococcus pneumoniae, uhlobo lwebhaktheriya olungabangela izifo ezisongela impilo. Ingxenye ethi "13-valent" isho ukuthi ihlanganisa izinhlobo eziyi-13 ezihlukene zaleli bhaktheriya. Ubizwa ngokuthi umgomo "ohlanganisiwe" ngoba izingcezu zamabhaktheriya zinamathiselwe kuphrotheni esiza amasosha akho omzimba ukuba akwazi ukuwaqaphela futhi awakhumbule kangcono.

Umjovo usebenza ngokufundisa amasosha akho omzimba ukuba aqaphele lawa mabhaktheriya ngaphambi kokuba uhlangane nawo ngokwemvelo. Lapho umzimba wakho ubona lezi zingcezu zamabhaktheriya emgomeni, udala ama-antibody namaseli enkumbulo yamasosha omzimba angakwazi ukulwa ngokushesha nokutheleleka kwangempela uma wake wavezwa.

Kuzizwa kanjani ukuthola umgomo we-Pneumococcal 13-Valent?

Abantu abaningi bazizwa bengakhululekile kancane ngesikhathi nangemva kokuthola lo mgomo. Umjovo ngokwawo uzizwa njengokuchofoza okusheshayo noma ukubhoboza emsipheni wakho ongaphezulu wengalo. Lokhu kuzwa kuvame ukuhlala imizuzwana embalwa nje, okufana neminye imijovo ejwayelekile ongase ube uyitholile.

Ngemva komjovo, ungase uqaphele ukuba buhlungu okuthile, ububomvu, noma ukuvuvukala okuncane endaweni yokujova. Lezi zimpendulo zivamile ngokuphelele futhi zibonisa ukuthi amasosha akho omzimba ayasabela emgomeni. Abanye abantu futhi bazizwa bekhathele kancane noma benomkhuhlane ophansi usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.

Yini ebangela imiphumela emibi evela emgomeni we-Pneumococcal 13-Valent?

Imiphumela emibi yenzeka ngoba amasosha omzimba wakho afunda ngokuqhubekayo ukuqaphela nokulwa namagciwane e-pneumococcal. Lapho umgomo wethula lezi zingxenye zamagciwane emzimbeni wakho, amasosha omzimba wakho aqala ukusebenza, akhe ukuvuvukala futhi akhiqize ama-antibody.

Nazi izizathu eziyinhloko ezingase zikwenze uzwe imiphumela emibi:

• Ukusabela kwemvelo kwamasosha omzimba wakho ezingxenyeni zomgomo
• Ukusabela kwendawo yezicubu endaweni yokujova
• Inqubo yomzimba wakho yokwakha ukuzivikela namaseli enkumbulo
• Ukuzwela komuntu ngamunye ezithakweni zomgomo njengamasawoti e-aluminium
• Ukwembulwa kwangaphambilini kwemigomo efanayo okuthinta ukusabela kwakho

Lezi zindlela zokuphendula zivame ukuba mnene futhi zizixazulula zodwa njengoba umzimba wakho uqeda ukusabela kwawo komzimba. Izinzuzo zokuvikela zidlula lezi zinkinga zesikhashana.

Iyini i-Pneumococcal 13-Valent Vaccine isibonakaliso noma uphawu lwani?

Lo mgomo akuyona inkomba yanoma yini - kuyisinyathelo sokuvikela esinconywe abahlinzeki bezempilo. Udokotela wakho angase ancome lo mgomo ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho, izimo zempilo, noma izici eziyingozi zokutheleleka nge-pneumococcal.

Ungase unikezwe lo mgomo uma ungena kulezi zigaba:

• Izinsana nezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala (ukugonywa kwesikhathi esivamile sobuntwana)
• Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu
• Abantu abanezimo ezingapheli njengesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo samaphaphu
• Abantu abanamasosha omzimba ababuthakathaka
• Labo abanezinto zokufakelwa ze-cochlear noma ukuvuza kwamanzi e-cerebrospinal
• Abantu ababhema ugwayi

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzohlola izici zakho eziyingozi zomuntu ngamunye nomlando wezokwelapha ukuze anqume ukuthi lo mgomo ukufanele yini.

Ingabe imiphumela emibi evela ku-Pneumococcal 13-Valent Vaccine inganyamalala yodwa?

Yebo, imiphumela eminingi engemihle evela kulolu gonyo iyazilungisa ngokuphelele yodwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo usebenzisa izingxenye zomgomo futhi impendulo yomzimba wokuzivikela iyazola njengoba amasosha akho omzimba akhiwa.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ivame ukulandela lolu hlu lwezikhathi: ukusabela endaweni yokujova kuvame ukuthuthuka phakathi kwamahora angu-24-48, kuyilapho izimpawu zesistimu njengomkhuhlane omncane noma ukukhathala ngokuvamile zixazululeka phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-1-3. Uhlelo lwakho lomzimba lokuzivikela lusebenza ngempumelelo ukwakha ukuvikeleka ngenkathi kunciphisa ukungakhululeki.

Ungayelapha kanjani imiphumela emibi evela ku-Pneumococcal 13-Valent Vaccine ekhaya?

Ungakwazi ukuphatha imiphumela eminingi emibi yomgomo ngokunethezeka ekhaya ngemithi elula. Lezi zindlela zingasiza ukudambisa noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki ngenkathi umzimba wakho wakha ukuzivikela.

Nazi izindlela ezithambile zokuzisiza ukuthi uzizwe ungcono:

• Sebenzisa indwangu ebandayo, emanzi endaweni yokujova imizuzu engu-10-15
• Hambisa ingalo yakho kancane ukunciphisa ukuqina nobuhlungu
• Thatha izidambisi zokukhathala ezingaphezu kwe-counter njenge-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen uma kudingeka
• Hlala unamanzi ngokwanele ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi
• Thola ukuphumula okwanele ukuze usekele uhlelo lwakho lomzimba lokuzivikela
• Gqoka izingubo ezixekile ukuze ugweme ukucasula indawo yokujova

Lezi zinyathelo ezilula zingathuthukisa kakhulu induduzo yakho njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emgomweni futhi wakha ukuvikeleka okuhlala njalo.

Yini ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kokusabela okukhulu ku-Pneumococcal 13-Valent Vaccine?

Ukusabela okukhulu kulolu gonyo akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa ochwepheshe bezokwelapha balungiselelwe ukukusingatha uma kwenzeka. Izikhungo eziningi zezempilo zinezimiso nemithi elungele ukwelapha noma yikuphi ukusabela okungavamile.

Ukuze uthole ukusabela okukhulu komzimba (i-anaphylaxis), ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kufaka phakathi ukujova kwe-epinephrine, ama-antihistamines, kanye nama-corticosteroids. Uma uhlangabezana nobunzima bokuphefumula, izinduna ezisabalalele, noma ukuvuvukala kobuso nomphimbo, funa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Ukuphendula okungathí sina kodwa okukhathazayo njengomkhuhlane ophezulu oqhubekayo, ukuvuvukala okukhulu endaweni yokujova, noma izimpawu ezingavamile zemizwa kufanele zihlolwe ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Banganquma ukuthi ngabe ukwelashwa okwengeziwe noma ukuqapha kuyadingeka.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngemuva kokuthola umgomo we-Pneumococcal 13-Valent?

Abantu abaningi akudingeki babone udokotela ngemuva kokuthola lo mgomo ngaphandle kokuthi babe nezimpawu ezingavamile noma ezinzima. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezithile zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho nokunakekelwa okufanele.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ukuphendula okukhulu komzimba njengobunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuqubuka okusabalalele
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu ongaphezu kuka-101°F (38.3°C) ohlala ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezi-2
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova okuba kubi ngemuva kwamahora angama-48
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka endaweni yokujova njengobomvu noma imigqa ebomvu
• Izimpawu ezingavamile zemizwa njengezinhlungu zekhanda ezinzima noma ukudideka
• Noma yiziphi izimpawu ezikukhathazayo noma ezibonakala zingavamile

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angahlola izimpawu zakho futhi anikeze isiqondiso esifanele noma ukwelashwa uma kudingeka. Unganqikazi ukufinyelela uma ukhathazekile nganoma yisiphi isimo.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa imiphumela emibi evela ku-Pneumococcal 13-Valent Vaccine?

Izici ezithile zingase zikhuphule amathuba akho okuba nemiphumela emibi evela kulomgomo. Ukuqonda lezi zici kungakusiza wena nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuthi nenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nesikhathi sokugoma nokulungiselela.

Izici ezingase zikhuphule ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphendula ngaphambili komzimba emithini yokugoma noma ezingxenyeni zomuthi wokugoma
• Umlando wokuphendula okukhulu emithini yokugoma ye-pneumococcal
• Ukugula kwamanje ngomkhuhlane (ukugonywa kungahle kulibaziseke)
• Ukuqina komzimba okubuthakathaka ngenxa yemithi noma izimo zezokwelapha
• Ubudala (izingane ezincane kakhulu kanye nabantu abadala bangase babe nokuphendula okuhlukile)
• Ukuphathwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kweminye imithi yokugoma

Noma ngalezi zinto eziyingozi, imiphumela emibi engathí sina isaqhubeka ingavamile. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokala lezi zinto ngokumelene nezinzuzo ezinkulu zokugoma.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingenzeka zomuthi wokugoma we-Pneumococcal 13-Valent?

Izinkinga ezingathí sina ezivela kulomuthi wokugoma azivamile kakhulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yini engenzeka. Abantu abaningi bathola lo muthi wokugoma ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu.

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingenzeka zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphendula komzimba okukhulu (i-anaphylaxis) okwenzeka ngaphansi kwe-1 kwizigidi eziyi-1 zomthamo
• Ukwelashwa kwehlombe okuhlobene nokuphathwa komuthi wokugoma (SIRVA)
• Ukuquleka, ikakhulukazi entsheni nakubantu abadala abasebancane
• Ukuhlaselwa yizifo ezihlobene nomkhuhlane omkhulu (akavamile kakhulu)
• Ukuphendula okukhulu kwendawo enokuvuvukala okukhulu

Lezi zinkinga zilawulwa ngempumelelo uma zenzeka, futhi iphrofayili yokuphepha ephelele yalo muthi wokugoma ihle kakhulu. Ukuvikelwa okunikezayo ekuvikeleni izifo ezingase zibe yingozi yokuphila kudlula lezi zingozi ezingavamile.

Ingabe umuthi wokugoma we-Pneumococcal 13-Valent muhle noma mubi ohlelweni lwakho lomzimba?

Lo muthi wokugoma muhle kakhulu ohlelweni lwakho lomzimba futhi unikeza izinzuzo ezinkulu zesikhathi eside. Uqeqesha uhlelo lwakho lomzimba ukuba luqaphele futhi lulwe namagciwane ayingozi ngaphandle kokubangela lesi sifo sangempela.

Umjovo uqinisa amasosha akho omzimba ngokudala ama-antibody athile alwa nezinhlobo eziyi-13 zamagciwane e-pneumococcal. Lawa ma-antibody ahlala emzimbeni wakho iminyaka eminingi, enikeza ukuvikeleka okuqhubekayo ezifweni ezingathi sína njengomkhuhlane wamaphaphu, i-meningitis, nezifo zegazi.

Kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, lo mjovo ubaluleke kakhulu ngoba unikeza ukuvikeleka abangase bangakutholi ngokwemvelo. Noma ngabe ukusabela kwakho komzimba kuncishisiwe, umjovo usengakunikeza ukuvikeleka okukhulu ezifweni ezingabulala.

Yini okungase kwenziwe ngamaphutha ngemiphumela yomjovo we-Pneumococcal 13-Valent?

Ngezinye izikhathi ukusabela okujwayelekile komjovo kungadidaniswa nezinye izimo, okuholela ekukhathazekeni okungadingekile. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini ejwayelekile kungakusiza ukuthi uhlukanise phakathi kokusabela okucatshangelwayo komjovo nezinkinga zempilo ezingahlobene.

Ukusabela okuvamile komjovo okungase kudidaniswe nezinye izimo kufaka phakathi:

• Ubuhlungu endaweni yokujova obudidaniswa nokulimala kwemisipha noma ukulimala
• Umkhuhlane olula odidaniswa nokuqala komkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane
• Ukukhathala okubangelwa ezinye izimbangela kunokuba kube ukusabela okujwayelekile komzimba
• Ukuncipha kwesikhashana kwesifiso sokudla okudidaniswa nokugula kwesisu
• Ukucasuka okuncane ezinganeni okudidaniswa nezinkinga zokuziphatha

Khumbula ukuthi lezi zimpawu zivame ukuqala kungakapheli amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokugonywa futhi zixazulule ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka isikhathi eside noma zibonakala zingahlobene nomugqa wesikhathi wokugonywa, cabanga ezinye izimbangela ezingenzeka.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nomjovo we-Pneumococcal 13-Valent

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuvikeleka ku-Pneumococcal 13-Valent Vaccine?

Umjovo unikeza ukuvikeleka okuhlala isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile iminyaka eminingi. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amazinga ama-antibody ahlala evikela okungenani iminyaka engu-5-7 kubantu abaningi, nakuba okunye ukuvikeleka kungase kuqhubeke isikhathi eside. Isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela sithuthukisa amaseli enkumbulo angasabela ngokushesha uma uhlangana nalezi zibhaktheriya esikhathini esizayo.

Ngingayithola yini Umjovo we-Pneumococcal 13-Valent uma ngikhulelwe?

Lo mjovo ngokuvamile awunconyelwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngaphandle uma unezici eziyingozi ezithile ezenza ukutheleleka nge-pneumococcal kube yingozi kakhulu. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzohlola isimo sakho ngasinye futhi angase ancome ukugonywa uma izinzuzo zidlula noma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona. Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, kuvame ukuba ngcono ukuthola umjovo ngaphambili.

Ingabe kuphephile ukuthola eminye imijovo ngesikhathi esifanayo noMjovo we-Pneumococcal 13-Valent?

Yebo, ungaqhubeka uthole lo mjovo ngokuphepha kanye neminye imijovo eminingi ngesikhathi esifanayo sokuvakasha. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bavame ukunikeza imijovo eminingi ngasikhathi sinye ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi uhlala uvikelekile ezifweni ezihlukahlukene. Imijovo inikezwa ezingalweni ezihlukene uma kungenzeka, futhi isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela singakwazi ukubhekana nemijovo eminingi ngempumelelo.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwe umthamo woMjovo we-Pneumococcal 13-Valent?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho uphuthelwe umthamo ohleliwe, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze nixoxe ngendlela engcono kakhulu. Akudingeki ukuthi uqale kabusha uchungechunge lomjovo lonke - ungaqhubeka nje lapho ugcine khona. Isikhathi phakathi kwemithamo singalungiswa, futhi amashejuli okubamba atholakala ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukuvikeleka okuphelele.

Umuphi umphumela woMjovo we-Pneumococcal 13-Valent ekuvikeleni izifo?

Lo mjekiseli usebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvikeleni izifo ezibangelwa izinhlobo eziyi-13 zamagciwane e-pneumococcal ezihlanganisa. Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi zinciphisa isifo se-pneumococcal esihlaselayo ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-75-85% kubantu abadala abanempilo futhi inikeza ukuvikelwa okukhulu ezinganeni nakubantu abasengozini enkulu. Ngenkathi ingazivimbeli zonke izifo ze-pneumococcal, ivikela ezinhlotsheni ezivame kakhulu neziyingozi.