Yini Umgomo Wepoliovirus (Ongasebenzi): Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

Umuthi wokugomela i-poliovirus (ongasebenzi) ukugoma okuphephile futhi okuphumelela kakhulu okukuvikelayo wena nomndeni wakho ku-polio, isifo esibi esingabangela ukukhubazeka unomphela. Lo muthi wokugoma uqukethe amagciwane e-polio abulaliwe asiza amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi afunde ukulwa negciwane langempela ngaphandle kokukugulisa.

I-Polio yayiyisifo esesatshwayo esathinta izinkulungwane zezingane nabantu abadala emhlabeni wonke. Ngenxa yokugonywa okubanzi, i-polio isusiwe emazweni amaningi, okuhlanganisa i-United States kusukela ngo-1979.

Yini Umgomo Wepoliovirus (Ongasebenzi)?

Umuthi wokugomela i-poliovirus (IPV) ongasebenzi ukugoma okuqukethe izinhlobo ezintathu ze-poliovirus ezibulawa kusetshenziswa inqubo yamakhemikhali. Lawa magciwane afile awakwazi ukubangela ukutheleleka kodwa asafundisa amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi aqaphele futhi alwe ne-polio.

Lo muthi wokugoma ubizwa nangokuthi umuthi wokugoma i-Salk, oqanjwe ngoDkt. Jonas Salk owawuthuthukise ngeminyaka yawo-1950. Ngokungafani nomuthi wokugomela i-polio ngomlomo osetshenziswa kwamanye amazwe, i-IPV inikezwa njengesijovo futhi ayikwazi ukubangela isifo se-polio nganoma yisiphi isimo.

Umuthi wokugoma usebenza ngokwethula amasosha akho omzimba egciwaneni le-polio ngendlela ephephile ngokuphelele. Umzimba wakho ube usukha amangqamuzana okulwa nezifo futhi wakhe ukuzivikela okuzokuvikela uma uke wavezwa egciwaneni langempela.

Usetshenziselwani Umgomo Wepoliovirus (Ongasebenzi)?

Inhloso eyinhloko yalo muthi wokugoma ukuvimbela i-polio, ukutheleleka ngegciwane okungabangela ukukhubazeka unomphela ngisho nokufa. I-Polio ikakhulukazi ithinta izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala, kodwa nabantu abadala bangatheleleka.

Umuthi wokugoma uyingxenye yokugonywa kwabantwana okuvamile futhi unconywa kuwo wonke izingane nabantu abadala abangakagonywa. Kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abahamba ezindaweni lapho i-polio isakhona, njengasezingxenyeni ze-Afghanistan nePakistan.

Abasebenzi bezempilo, abasebenzi baselebhu abaphatha amasampula e-polio, kanye nabahambi abaya ezindaweni eziyingozi kakhulu bangase badinge imithamo eyengeziwe ukuze baqhubeke nokuvikeleka. Umgomo unikezwa nakubantu abadala abathole ukugonywa okungaphelele besebancane.

Isebenza Kanjani Umgomo We-Poliovirus (Ongasebenzi)?

Lo mgomo usebenza ngokuqeqesha amasosha omzimba wakho ukuthi aqaphele futhi alwe ne-poliovirus ngaphandle kokubangela lesi sifo sangempela. Uma uthola umjovo, umzimba wakho uphatha amagciwane abulaliwe njengezitha futhi ukhiqiza ama-antibody ngokuwamela.

Umgomo uthathwa njengonamandla kakhulu futhi usebenza kahle, unikeza ukuvikeleka okuhle kakhulu uma unikezwa ngokohlelo oluceliwe. Ngemva kokuqeda uchungechunge olugcwele, uzoba nokuzivikela okuhlala iminyaka eminingi, mhlawumbe impilo yakho yonke.

Amasosha omzimba wakho akhumbula ukuthi angalwa kanjani ne-polio ngisho nangemva kweminyaka yokugonywa ngamaseli akhethekile abizwa ngamaseli enkumbulo. Uma wake wavezwa ku-poliovirus ephilayo, la maseli akhiqiza ngokushesha ama-antibody ukuvimbela ukutheleleka.

Kufanele Ngithathe Kanjani Umgomo We-Poliovirus (Ongasebenzi)?

Umgomo we-poliovirus unikezwa njengomjovo emsipheni, ngokuvamile engalweni yakho engenhla noma ethangeni. Umhlinzeki wezempilo uzohlala ekunikeza lo mgomo - awukwazi ukuwuthatha ekhaya.

Awudingi ukudla okuthile ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuthola umgomo. Ungathola umjovo ngaphandle kokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, futhi akukho mingcele yokudla. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngemva kokugonywa kuhlale kuyinto enhle ukuze uhlale unamanzi.

Indawo yokujova ingase izwe buhlungu usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili, ngakho-ke ungafaka indwangu ebandayo, emanzi ukuze unciphise ukungakhululeki. Gwema ukuhlikihla noma ukubhucunga indawo yokujova, njengoba lokhu kungase kwandise ubuhlungu.

Ungathatha i-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen uma uba nobuhlungu noma umkhuhlane ngemva kokugonywa. Nokho, hlola nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokunikeza le mithi ezinganeni ezincane.

Kufanele Ngithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani Umgomo We-Poliovirus (Ongasebenzi)?

Umjovo we-poliovirus ulandela isimiso esithile kunokuthathwa ngokuqhubekayo njengemithi yansuku zonke. Ezinganeni, uchungechunge oluphelele luhlanganisa imithamo emine enikezwa ngezinyanga ezi-2, izinyanga ezi-4, izinyanga eziyi-6-18, neminyaka eyi-4-6 ubudala.

Abantu abadala abangakaze bagonywe badinga imithamo emithathu: umthamo wokuqala, olandelwa ngumthamo wesibili ngemva kwenyanga e-1-2, nomthamo wesithathu ngemva kwezinyanga eziyi-6-12 ngemva komthamo wesibili. Abantu abadala abaningi abaqede ukugonywa kwesikhathi sasebuntwaneni abadingi imithamo eyengeziwe.

Abanye abantu bangase badinge imithamo eyengeziwe ngokuya ngezici zabo zobungozi. Abasebenzi bezempilo abaphatha amasampula e-polio kanye nabahambi baya ezindaweni lapho i-polio ikhona bangase badinge imithamo eyengeziwe ukuze baqhubeke nokuvikeleka.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzonquma isimiso esifanele sakho ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho, umlando wokugoma, nezici zobungozi. Ukuqeda uchungechunge olugcwele kubalulekile ukuze kuvikeleke kahle ku-polio.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Yomjovo we-Poliovirus (Ongasebenzi)?

Abantu abaningi bathola kuphela imiphumela emincane eceleni evela emjovweni we-poliovirus, futhi ukusabela okungathi sína akuvamile kakhulu. Umjovo unerekhodi elihle kakhulu lokuphepha elineminyaka yokusetshenziswa okuphephile emhlabeni wonke.

Imiphumela evamile eceleni ongase uyithole ihlanganisa ubuhlungu obuncane, ububomvu, noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova. Lokhu kusabela kuyizimpawu ezijwayelekile zokuthi amasosha akho omzimba ayasabela emjovweni futhi ngokuvamile zixazulula ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Nawa amanye imiphumela evamile eceleni ongase uyibone:

• Ubuhlungu, ububomvu, noma ukuvuvukala lapho umjovo unikezwe khona
• Umkhuhlane ophansi (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kuka-101°F)
• Ukukhathala okuncane noma ukucasuka ezinganeni
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ungaphilile kancane

Lezi zindlela ezincane zivela ngokuvamile ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili ngemva kokugonywa futhi zixazulula zodwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kakhulu kodwa ingabandakanya ukusabela okukhulu komzimba. Nakuba kungavamile kakhulu, abanye abantu bangase babe nokusabela okukhulu okudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Nawa amanye amaphutha angavamile kodwa abucayi okufanele uwaqaphele:

• Ukusabela okukhulu komzimba (ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo)
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu ongaphezu kuka-103°F
• Ukukhala okuqhubekayo ezinsaneni isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amathathu
• Ukushaywa yisithuthwane noma ukugonyuluka
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu ehlombe noma ukunyakaza kwengalo okulinganiselwe

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi yale miphumela emibi engathi sína, funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ukusabela okukhulu komzimba ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngemizuzu embalwa ngemva kokuthola umgomo.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole Umgomo We-Poliovirus (Ongasebenzi)?

Abantu abaningi bangawuthola ngokuphepha umgomo we-poliovirus, kodwa abanye abantu kufanele bawugweme noma balibazise ukugonywa. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ukuze anqume ukuthi umgomo ukufanele yini.

Abantu abake baba nokusabela okukhulu komzimba emthini wokugoma we-polio akufanele bathole eminye imithamo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusabela kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomgomo, njengama-antibiotics athile asetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwawo.

Uma ugula ngokulinganiselwe noma ngokuqina, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo cishe uzoncoma ukulinda kuze kube yilapho usululame ngaphambi kokugonywa. Ukugula okuncane njengomkhuhlane ngokuvamile akudingi ukulibazisa ukugonywa.

Nawa amanye amacala lapho kufanele uxoxe ngesikhathi sokugonywa nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo:

• Ukugula okukhulu ngomkhuhlane
• Ukuqina kwamasosha omzimba ngenxa yesifo noma imithi
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi kwamuva noma ukwelashwa nge-immune globulin
• Ukukhulelwa (nakuba i-IPV ithathwa njengephephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uma kudingeka)

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angasiza ekunqumeni isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokugonywa ngokusekelwe ezimweni zakho ngazinye kanye nesimo sempilo.

Umjovo Womuthi Wepoliovirus (Ongasebenzi) Amagama Emikhiqizo

Umjovo womuthi we-poliovirus ongasebenzi utholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi IPOL e-United States. Lo muthi wenziwa yi-Sanofi Pasteur futhi uwukuphela kwe-IPV okwamanje enelayisense yokusetshenziswa e-U.S.

Emazweni angaphandle, ungahlangabezana namagama emikhiqizo ehlukene yomuthi ofanayo we-poliovirus ongasebenzi. Kodwa-ke, yonke imithi ye-IPV isebenza ngendlela efanayo futhi inikeza ukuvikeleka okulinganayo emgomeni we-polio.

Umjovo uvame ukunikezwa njengengxenye yemithi ehlanganisiwe evikela ezifweni eziningi. Le mithi ehlanganisiwe ihlanganisa i-DTaP-IPV (i-diphtheria, i-tetanus, i-pertussis, ne-polio) kanye ne-DTaP-IPV-Hib (okuhlanganisa ne-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo b).

Ezinye Izindlela Zomuthi Wepoliovirus (Ongasebenzi)

Umjovo womuthi we-poliovirus ongasebenzi (IPV) uwukuphela komuthi we-polio osetshenziswa e-United States nakwamanye amazwe athuthukile. Akukho okunye ngempela ku-IPV uma ufuna ukuvikeleka emgomeni we-polio.

Amanye amazwe asasebenzisa umuthi we-poliovirus ngomlomo (OPV), oqukethe amagciwane aphilayo kodwa abuthakathaka. Kodwa-ke, i-OPV ayisetshenziswa e-U.S. ngoba ithwala ingozi encane kakhulu yokubangela i-polio ezimweni ezingavamile.

Uma ukhathazekile ngokuthola umjovo, ungaxoxa ngokukhathazeka kwakho nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Bangasiza ukubhekana nanoma yikuphi ukwesaba futhi baqinisekise ukuthi uzizwa ukhululekile ngangokunokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokugonywa.

Azikho ezinye izindlela zemvelo noma imithi ye-homeopathic engathatha indawo yokugonywa ukuvimbela i-polio. Umuthi usawukuphela kwendlela esebenzayo yokuzivikela kanye nomphakathi wakho kulesi sifo esibi.

Ingabe Umjovo Womuthi Wepoliovirus (Ongasebenzi) Ungcono Kunesithako Somuthi We-Polio Ngomlomo?

Umjovo womuthi we-poliovirus ongasebenzi (IPV) ubhekwa njengowonga kunomuthi we-polio ngomlomo (OPV) ngoba awukwazi ukubangela i-polio ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo. I-IPV iqukethe amagciwane abulaliwe angakwazi ukuziphinda noma ukubangela isifo.

Noma i-OPV inezinzuzo ezithile, njengokuthi kulula ukuyinika futhi inikeze ukuzivikela emathunjini, ithwala ingozi encane kakhulu yokubangela i-polio ekhubaza ehlobene nomuthi wokugoma. Le ngozi yingakho amazwe amaningi athuthukile ashintshela ku-IPV.

I-IPV inikeza ukuvikeleka okuhle kakhulu ku-polio futhi isetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekuqothuleni i-polio ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba. Ukuzivikela okuvela ku-IPV kunamandla futhi kuhlala isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile kunikeza ukuvikeleka iminyaka eminingi.

Omabili imithi yokugoma iyasebenza ekuvikeleni i-polio, kodwa i-IPV iyindlela ekhethwayo emazweni lapho i-polio isiqothulwe ngenxa yephrofayili yayo ephephile.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nomuthi Wokugoma we-Poliovirus (Ongasebenzi)

Ingabe umuthi wokugoma we-poliovirus uphephe ngabantu abanezifo ezingapheli?

Yebo, umuthi wokugoma we-poliovirus ongasebenzi ngokuvamile uphephe kubantu abanezifo ezingapheli njengobhubhane, isifo senhliziyo, noma izimo zamaphaphu. Eqinisweni, abantu abanezifo ezingapheli bangase babe sengozini enkulu yezinkinga ezivela ku-polio, okwenza ukugoma kubaluleke nakakhulu.

Uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka ngenxa yesifo noma imithi, usafanele uthole umuthi wokugoma, kodwa ungase ungathuthukisi impendulo yomzimba eqinile. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angathola ukuthi ngabe udinga imithamo eyengeziwe noma ukuqapha okukhethekile.

Ngingenzani uma ngithola ngengozi imithamo eminingi yomuthi wokugoma we-poliovirus?

Ukuthola imithamo eyengeziwe yomuthi wokugoma we-poliovirus akuyona ingozi futhi ngeke kubangele ukulimala okukhulu. Umuthi wokugoma unerekhodi elihle kakhulu lokuphepha, futhi imithamo eyengeziwe imane inikeze ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe ngaphandle kokwandisa ingozi.

Noma kunjalo, kufanele wazise umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo nganoma iyiphi imithamo eyengeziwe ongase uyitholile. Bangakwazi ukubuyekeza amarekhodi akho okugoma futhi banqume ukuthi ngabe udinga imithamo eyengeziwe esikhathini esizayo.

Uma ungaqiniseki ngomlando wakho wokugoma, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angakwazi ukwenza izivivinyo zegazi ukuze ahlolisise amazinga akho okuzivikela kunokuthi anikeze imithamo engadingekile.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo womgomo we-poliovirus?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho uphuthelwa umthamo ohleliwe womgomo we-poliovirus, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uhlele kabusha ngokushesha okukhulu. Akudingeki uqale uchungechunge kabusha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isikhathi esingakanani esidlulile.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqhubeka nochungechunge lokugoma lapho ugcine khona. Isikhathi phakathi kwemithamo sibalulekile ukuze kuvikelwe kahle, kodwa ukubambezeleka akunciphisi ukusebenza komgomo.

Gcina amarekhodi akho okugoma esesikhathini futhi uwahambise kuwo wonke ukuvakashelwa kwezempilo. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola imigomo ngeshejuli futhi ugweme imithamo engadingekile.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha umgomo we-poliovirus?

Abantu abaningi baqeda uchungechunge lwabo lokugoma i-poliovirus besebancane futhi abadingi eminye imithamo ekuphileni kwabo. Ukuzivikela ochungechungeni oluphelele kuvame ukuhlala iminyaka eminingi, mhlawumbe impilo yonke.

Abantu abadala abahamba ezindaweni lapho i-polio isakhona noma abasebenza emisebenzini enobungozi obukhulu bangase badinge imithamo eyengeziwe. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angathola ukuthi ngabe udinga imigomo eyengeziwe ngokuya ngezici zakho zobungozi.

Njengoba i-polio isusiwe ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, manje kugxilwe ekugcineni ukuzivikela ngemigomo yezingane ejwayelekile kunokuthi kuqhubeke izithuthukisi zabantu abadala.

Ngingathola eminye imigomo ngesikhathi esifanayo nomgomo we-poliovirus?

Yebo, ungaqhubeka uthole eminye imigomo ngesikhathi esifanayo nomgomo we-poliovirus. Umgomo uvame ukunikezwa njengengxenye yokugoma kwabantwana okuvamile kanye neminye imigomo.

Ukuthola imigomo eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa akubuthakathisi amasosha akho omzimba noma ukwandise imiphumela emibi. Eqinisweni, kulula kakhulu futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlala uvikelekile ezifweni eziningi.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokuvamile uzonikeza imigomo ehlukene ezingalweni ezihlukene noma ezindaweni ezihlukene ukuze kuncishiswe ukungakhululeki futhi kwenze kube lula ukuhlonza noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi.