Yini i-Prasugrel: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Prasugrel iyisithambisi segazi esinconywayo esisiza ekuvikeleni ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi ayingozi emithanjeni yakho. Udokotela wakho angase anikeze lo muthi uma uke wahlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba futhi udinga inqubo efana ne-angioplasty ukuvula imithambo evaliwe. Cabanga nge-prasugrel njengomsizi womzimba wakho ekugcineni igazi ligeleza kahle ngemithambo yenhliziyo yakho, okunciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma unhlangothi.

Yini i-Prasugrel?

I-Prasugrel ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi imithi elwa nama-antiplatelet, esebenza ngokuvimbela amangqamuzana amancane egazi abizwa ngokuthi ama-platelet ukuthi anamathelane. Lapho ama-platelet ehlanganisa ndawonye, ​​angakha amahlule ayingozi avimba ukuhamba kwegazi enhliziyweni yakho noma ebuchosheni. Lo muthi wenzelwe ngqo abantu abanesifo se-coronary syndrome esibukhali, okuyisimo senhliziyo esibi esihlanganisa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nobuhlungu besifuba obungazinzile.

Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzonikeza i-prasugrel kanye ne-aspirin njengengxenye yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-dual antiplatelet therapy. Le nhlanganisela inikeza ukuvikelwa okuqinile ekuqongekeni kwegazi kunanoma yimuphi umuthi ngamunye. I-Prasugrel ithathwa njengento eqinile yokunciphisa igazi kunezinye izinketho, okwenza isebenze ngempumelelo kodwa futhi idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela.

Isetshenziselwani i-Prasugrel?

I-Prasugrel isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukuvimbela amahlule egazi kubantu abanesifo se-coronary syndrome esibukhali abenza inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). I-PCI ukwelashwa lapho odokotela befaka ibhaluni elincane noma i-stent ukuvula imithambo evaliwe enhliziyweni yakho. Umuthi usiza ukugcina le mithambo evulwe ngokushesha icacile futhi ivimbela amahlule amasha ukuthi angakheki.

Udktela wakho angase akunikeze i-prasugrel uma uke wahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo noma une-angina engazinzile, okuyizinhlungu ezibukhali esifubeni ezenzeka lapho imisipha yenhliziyo yakho ingatholi igazi elanele. Umuthi uhloselwe ngqo abantu abahlela ukuba ne-angioplasty noma abasanda kuba nayo ngokuqaliswa kwe-stent. Lokhu kusetshenziswa okuhloswe ngakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola inzuzo enkulu ngenkathi unciphisa izingozi ezingadingekile.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Prasugrel?

I-Prasugrel isebenza ngokuvimba unomphela ama-receptors athile kuma-platelets akho abizwa ngokuthi ama-receptors e-P2Y12. Uma lawa ma-receptors evaliwe, ama-platelets akho awukwazi ukuthola amasignali amakhemikhali avamela ukuwatshela ukuthi anamathelane futhi akhe amahlule. Lesi senzo sokuvimba sihlala impilo yonke yama-platelets akho, okuyizinsuku ezingaba ngu-7 kuya kweziyi-10.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengonamandla kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa nezinye izinciphisi zegazi njenge-clopidogrel. Ngenkathi lawa mandla ewenza asebenze kahle kakhulu ekuvikeleni amahlule, futhi kusho ukuthi igazi lakho lizothatha isikhathi eside ukuba liqine uma usikwa noma ulimala. Umuthi udinga ukuthi uvulwe yisibindi sakho ngaphambi kokuthi usebenze, okwenzeka ngemva kwamahora ambalwa ngemva kokuthatha umthamo wakho wokuqala.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Prasugrel?

Thatha i-prasugrel ngendlela udokotela wakho ayikuyala ngayo, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku ngaphandle kokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Ungayithatha ngamanzi, ubisi, noma ijusi, noma yini ozizwa uyithanda kakhulu. Umuthi usebenza kahle ngokulinganayo noma ngabe uyawuthatha esiswini esingenalutho noma ngokudla, ngakho-ke ungakhetha isikhathi esihambisana kahle nomsebenzi wakho wansuku zonke.

Abantu abaningi bakuthola kuwusizo ukuthatha i-prasugrel ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze bagcine amazinga aqhubekayo egazini labo. Uma futhi uthatha i-aspirin, ungawathatha womabili imithi ndawonye noma ngokwehlukana, noma yikuphi okutuswa udokotela wakho. Ungagayi, uhlafune, noma uphule amaphilisi, ngoba lokhu kungathinta indlela umuthi ogxiliswa ngayo ohlelweni lwakho.

Udktela wakho cishe uzoqala ngomthamo wokulayisha, okuyimali ephezulu ngosuku lwakho lokuqala ukuze umuthi usebenze ngokushesha. Ngemva kwalokho, uzothatha umthamo wokugcina ophansi nsuku zonke. Umthamo ojwayelekile wokugcina yi-10 mg kanye ngosuku, nakuba udktela wakho engase akunikeze i-5 mg uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-75 noma unesisindo esingaphansi kwamaphawundi ayi-132.

Kufanele Ngithathe I-Prasugrel Isikhathi Esingakanani?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-prasugrel buyahluka kuye ngesimo sakho esithile kanye nezici eziyingozi. Abantu abaningi bayayithatha okungenani izinyanga eziyi-12 ngemva kwenqubo yabo yenhliziyo, njengoba le nkathi inikeza ukuvikelwa okukhulu ekuqongeleleni okuyingozi. Udktela wakho uzoqaphela izinzuzo zokuqhubeka nokuvimbela ukuqongelela uma kuqhathaniswa nengozi yakho yokuphuma igazi ukuze anqume ubude obufanele kuwe.

Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukuthatha i-prasugrel isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka, ikakhulukazi uma benengozi enkulu yezinkinga zenhliziyo zesikhathi esizayo. Abanye bangase bayeke ngokushesha uma bethuthukisa izinkinga zokuphuma igazi noma bedinga ukuhlinzwa. Udktela wakho uzohlola njalo inqubekela phambili yakho futhi alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa njengoba kudingeka.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-prasugrel ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodktela wakho kuqala, ngisho noma uzizwa ulungile. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yokuqongelela igazi futhi kungase kuholele ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo noma ukushaywa unhlangothi. Uma udinga ukuyeka umuthi nganoma yisiphi isizathu, udktela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile yokuthi wenze kanjani lokho ngokuphepha.

Yiziphi Izimo Ezingezinhle Ze-Prasugrel?

Njengawo wonke ama-blood thinners, i-prasugrel ingakhuphula ingozi yakho yokuphuma igazi, okuyisimo esingezinhle esibaluleke kakhulu okufanele siqashelwe. Lokhu kungahluka ekuphumeni igazi okuncane njengokuphuma igazi emakhaleni noma ukulimala kalula kuya ekuphumeni igazi okungaphakathi okungathi sína. Ukuqonda lezi zimo ezingaba khona kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi nini okufanele ufune ukwelashwa.

Izimo ezingezinhle ezivamile ezitholwa abantu abaningi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqina kalula noma ama-bruises avela ngaphandle kokulimala
• Ukuphuma kwegazi emakhaleni okuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi kuyeke
• Ukuphuma kwegazi ezinsinini lapho uxubha amazinyo
• Amachashaza amancane abomvu noma ansomi esikhumbeni sakho
• Ukuba nobuhlungu bekhanda, ikakhulukazi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala
• Isiyezi noma ukuzizwa unovalo

Le miphumela ejwayelekile ivamise ukuba mncane futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ukhulume ngayo nodokotela wakho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho okuvamile.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha futhi ihlanganisa:

• Ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu okungayeki ngemuva kwemizuzu eyi-10 yokucindezela okuqondile
• Igazi emchameni wakho noma endleni yakho, noma izitulo ezimnyama, ezinama-tarry
• Ukuphalaza igazi noma izinto ezibukeka njengomhlaba wekhofi
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda obukhulu obunokudideka noma izinguquko embonweni
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukuba ndikindiki ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba wakho

Le miphumela engathi sína ayivamile kodwa ingaba yingozi ekuphileni. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, shayela u-911 noma funa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa engathi sína ihlanganisa isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), ethinta igazi lakho nezitho. Izimpawu ze-TTP zihlanganisa umkhuhlane, ubuthakathaka, izinguquko zombala wesikhumba, ukudideka, nokuncipha komchamo. Lesi simo sidinga ukwelashwa esibhedlela ngokushesha kodwa senzeka kubantu abangaphansi koyedwa kwabayi-100,000 abathatha i-prasugrel.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe I-Prasugrel?

I-Prasugrel ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyibhala. Abantu abanezimo ezithile noma izici eziyingozi kungenzeka bangabi ngabantu abafanelekayo kulo muthi ngenxa yezingozi ezengeziwe zokuphuma kwegazi noma ukusebenza kahle okuncishisiwe.

Akufanele uthathe i-prasugrel uma une:

• Ukuphuma igazi okusebenzayo noma yikuphi emzimbeni wakho
• Umlando wokushaywa unhlangothi noma ukuhlaselwa okungapheli kwegazi (mini-stroke)
• Isifo sesibindi esiqinile
• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo ne-prasugrel noma imithi efanayo
• Ukuhlinzwa okuhlelelwe esikhathini esizayo esiseduze

Lezi zimo zikhuphula kakhulu ingozi yakho yezinkinga ezinzima, okwenza i-prasugrel ingaphephile kuwe.

Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ukuqapha okwengeziwe uma:

• Uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-75 ubudala
• Unesisindo esingaphansi kwamaphawundi ayi-132
• Unomlando wezifo zokuphuma igazi
• Uthatha eminye imithi yokunciphisa igazi
• Unesifo sezinso
• Uhlelelwe ukuhlinzwa noma izinqubo zamazinyo

Lezi zinto akudingeki zikuvimbele ekuthathweni kwe-prasugrel, kodwa zingadinga ukulungiswa komthamo noma ukuqapha njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Prasugrel

I-Prasugrel ivame ukutholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Effient e-United States. Lona uhlobo lokuqala lomkhiqizo olwakhiwe yizinkampani zemithi ezaqala ukudala umuthi. I-Effient iza ngamaphilisi angu-5 mg kanye nama-10 mg futhi itholakala kabanzi emathilini amaningi.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-prasugrel nazo ziyatholakala futhi ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo njenge-Effient. Lezi zinketho ezivamile zivame ukuba zishibhile futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengohlobo lomkhiqizo. Umshuwalense wakho ungase ukhethe uhlobo olujwayelekile, olungasiza ukunciphisa izindleko zakho eziphumayo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Prasugrel

Uma i-prasugrel ingakulungele, eminye imithi elwa nama-antiplatelet ingahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okufanayo ekuqongekeni kwegazi. Enye indlela ejwayelekile yi-clopidogrel (Plavix), esebenza ngendlela efanayo kodwa ithathwa njengengena mandla kune-prasugrel. Udokotela wakho angase akhethe i-clopidogrel uma unengozi enkulu yokuphuma igazi noma ezinye izinto ezenza i-prasugrel ingafaneleki.

Enye inketho i-ticagrelor (Brilinta), ebuyisekayo futhi engadingi ukwenziwa isebenze yisibindi sakho njengoba kwenza i-prasugrel. I-Ticagrelor ithathwa kabili ngosuku esikhundleni kanye ngosuku futhi ingase ithandwe ezimweni ezithile. Ngamunye walokhu okunye okunye unokuzuzisa kwawo kanye nezingozi zawo, okuzochazwa udokotela wakho ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.

Kwabanye abantu, i-aspirin yodwa ingase yanele, ikakhulu ukuvimbela isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuthi isikhathi sokuqala esingozini enkulu sesidlulile. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola i-blood thinner enikeza ibhalansi engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela amahlule kanye nengozi yokopha ezimweni zakho.

Ingabe i-Prasugrel Ingcono Kune-Clopidogrel?

I-Prasugrel ngokuvamile isebenza kahle kune-clopidogrel ekuvikeleni amahlule egazi, kodwa futhi inengozi enkulu yokopha. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi i-prasugrel inciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukushaywa unhlangothi, kanye nokufa kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ngempumelelo enkulu kune-clopidogrel kubantu abanesifo se-coronary syndrome esibukhali abangena ku-PCI. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusebenza okwandisiwe kuza nengozi eyandisiwe yokopha okukhulu.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwale mithi kuncike ezingozini zakho. Uma unengozi enkulu yama-blood clots kanye nengozi ephansi yokopha, i-prasugrel ingase ibe yindlela engcono. Uma unengozi enkulu yokopha noma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-75, i-clopidogrel ingase iphephe kuwe. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela iminyaka yakho, isisindo, umlando wezokwelapha, nezinye izinto ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi imithi efaneleka kakhulu.

Abanye abantu abasabeli kahle ku-clopidogrel ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwezakhi zofuzo okuthinta indlela umzimba wabo osebenza ngayo ngemithi. I-Prasugrel ingase ibe yindlela engcono kulaba bantu ngoba ayithintwa kangako yilezi zinto ezihlukile zofuzo. Udokotela wakho anga-oda ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo uma kukhona ukukhathazeka ngokuthi ungase usabele kahle kangakanani ku-clopidogrel.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Prasugrel

Ingabe i-Prasugrel Iphephile Kubantu Abanesifo Sikashukela?

Yebo, i-prasugrel ngokuvamile iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela futhi ingase ibe yinzuzo enkulu kulolu hlu. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bavame ukuba nengozi enkulu yamaqhubu egazi nezinkinga zenhliziyo, okwenza ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwe-antiplatelet kubaluleke kakhulu. Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi i-prasugrel ingasebenza kangcono kunezinye izinciphisi zegazi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.

Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo sikashukela, udokotela wakho uzokuqapha eduze ngoba isifo sikashukela singathinta ingozi yakho yokopha nekhono lokuphola. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngokuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela sakho, okuhlanganisa imithi oyithathayo nokuthi amazinga kashukela wakho egazini alawulwa kahle kangakanani.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithatha I-Prasugrel Eningi Ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-prasugrel eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha, ngisho noma uzizwa kahle. Ukuthatha okuningi kungakhuphula kakhulu ingozi yakho yokopha izinsuku eziningana. Ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze noma uthathe eminye imithi ngaphandle kwesiqondiso sezokwelapha.

Qaphela izimpawu zokopha ngokweqile njengokulimala okungavamile, ukopha isikhathi eside emicutshini, igazi emchameni wakho noma endleni yakho, noma ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi ukopha okukhulu, shayela u-911 ngokushesha. Gcina ibhodlela lemithi nawe uma ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze abahlinzeki bezempilo bazi kahle ukuthi uthatheni ini nokuthi ungakanani.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Prasugrel?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-prasugrel, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esivamile. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yokopha.

Zama ukusungula isimiso esikusiza ukuthi ukhumbule ukuthatha imithi yakho nsuku zonke. Abanye abantu bakuthola kuwusizo ukuthatha i-prasugrel ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho bexubha amazinyo abo noma bedla isidlo sasekuseni. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngamasu okukusiza ukuthi ukhumbule noma cabanga ngokusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi noma isikhumbuzi sefoni.

Ngingayeka nini Ukuthatha i-Prasugrel?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-prasugrel lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi kuphephile ukwenza kanjalo. Isikhathi sincike esimweni sakho, kodwa abantu abaningi bayayithatha okungenani izinyanga eziyi-12 ngemva kwenqubo yabo yenhliziyo. Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo ingozi yakho yamaqhubu egazi uma iqhathaniswa nengozi yakho yokopha ukuze anqume isikhathi esifanele sokuyeka.

Uma udinga ukuhlinzwa noma umsebenzi wamazinyo, udokotela wakho angase ayeke okwesikhashana i-prasugrel ukuze anciphise ingozi yokopha. Ungalokothi uyeke umuthi ngokwakho, ngisho nangezinqubo, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yamaqhubu egazi. Njalo xoxa nganoma yiziphi izinqubo ezihleliwe nodokotela wakho wenhliziyo kanye nodokotela owenza inqubo.

Ngingakwazi Yini Ukuphuza Utshwala Ngenkathi Ngithatha i-Prasugrel?

Kungcono ukukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-prasugrel, njengoba utshwala bungakhuphula ingozi yakho yokopha. Ukuphuza ngendlela efanele utshwala (ukungaphuzi ngaphezu kwesisodwa ngosuku kwabesifazane kanye neziphuzo ezimbili ngosuku kwabesilisa) ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokwamukelekayo kubantu abaningi, kodwa kufanele uxoxe ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.

Ukuphuza kakhulu kungakhuphula kakhulu ingozi yakho yokopha futhi kungase futhi kuphazamise ukuthi i-prasugrel isebenza kahle kangakanani. Uma unomlando wokusebenzisa utshwala obuningi, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngalokhu ngobuqotho nodokotela wakho, njengoba kungase kuthinte uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza isiqondiso esiqondene nawe esisekelwe empilweni yakho yonke kanye nezici eziyingozi.