Yini i-Ranibizumab: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Ranibizumab iyimithi kadokotela abayijova ngqo esweni lakho ukwelapha izinkinga ezithile zombono. Yimithi ekhethekile esiza ukuvikela futhi ngezinye izikhathi ithuthukise umbono wakho lapho izimo ezithile zamehlo zisongela umbono wakho.

Lokhu kwelashwa kungase kuzwakale kusabisa ekuqaleni, kodwa empeleni kuyindlela yokwelapha esungulwe kahle esize izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke ukuthi zigcine umbono wazo. Ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani nokuthi yini ongayilindela kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka kakhulu ngale ndlela yokwelapha.

Yini i-Ranibizumab?

I-Ranibizumab wuhlobo lomuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-VEGF inhibitor, okusho ukuthi ivimba iphrotheni ebangela ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi engavamile esweni lakho. Cabanga ngayo njengokwelashwa okuhloswe ngqo okuhambela emthonjeni wenkinga ku-retina yakho.

Umuthi uza njengesixazululo esicacile udokotela wakho wamehlo asijova ku-vitreous, okuyinto efana nejeli egcwalisa ngaphakathi kwesihlo sombono wakho. Le ndlela yokulethwa ngokuqondile iqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi ufika ngqo lapho udingeka khona kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa inaliti enhle kakhulu yalo mjovo, futhi inqubo ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu embalwa nje. Umuthi usebenza endaweni esweni lakho ukuze ubhekane nesimo esibangela izinkinga zakho zombono.

Isetshenziselwani i-Ranibizumab?

I-Ranibizumab ilapha izimo eziningana zamehlo ezingathi sína ezingasongela umbono wakho. Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokuthi odokotela bayinikeze ukwelapha ukuguga okuhlobene ne-macular degeneration, ikakhulukazi uhlobo oluthi “olumanzi” olubandakanya ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi okungavamile.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome i-ranibizumab uma une-diabetic macular edema, okwenzeka lapho isifo sikashukela sibangela ukuthi uketshezi lwakheke engxenyeni emaphakathi ye-retina yakho. Lesi simo singenza umbono wakho ophakathi nendawo ube mnyama noma ube nokuhlanekezela, okuthinta ikhono lakho lokufunda, ukushayela, noma ukubona imininingwane emihle.

Lo muthi usiza nabantu abanezinkinga zamehlo ezibangelwa yisifo sikashukela, okuyinkinga yesifo sikashukela elimala imithambo yegazi esesimweni esibizwa nge-retina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, welapha i-macular edema elandelana nokuvaleka komthambo wegazi we-retinal, okwenzeka lapho umthambo wegazi ku-retina yakho uvaleka.

Kwezinye izimo, odokotela basebenzisa i-ranibizumab kwezinye izimo ze-retinal lapho ukukhula okungajwayelekile kwemithambo yegazi noma ukuqongelela uketshezi kusongela umbono wakho. Uchwepheshe wamehlo akho uzoqaphela ukuthi ngabe lokhu kwelashwa kulungile yini esimweni sakho esithile.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Ranibizumab?

I-Ranibizumab isebenza ngokuvimba iphrotheni ebizwa nge-VEGF umzimba wakho oyikhiqizayo uma ucabanga ukuthi i-retina yakho idinga imithambo yegazi eyengeziwe. Ngenkathi le phrotheni inezinto ezibalulekile ezenzayo, ukuyiningi kakhulu kungadala izinkinga emehlweni akho.

Lapho amazinga e-VEGF ekhula kakhulu, ingabangela ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi engajwayelekile, evuzayo ku-retina yakho. Le mithambo ivame ukuvuza uketshezi noma igazi, okungenza umbono wakho ube mnyama noma udale amabala angaboni embonweni wakho ophakathi.

Ngokuvimba i-VEGF, i-ranibizumab isiza ekuvikeleni imithambo yegazi emisha engajwayelekile ekwakhekeni futhi ingenza imithambo ekhona enezinkinga inciphe. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuvuza koketshezi futhi kusiza ukugcina umbono wakho osele.

Lo muthi ubhekwa njengokwelashwa okuphakathi nendawo kuya ngokuqinile okusebenza ngqo ezingeni leselula. Yenzelwe ngqo ukulwa nenqubo yesifo ngaphandle kokuthinta ezinye izitho zomzimba wakho ngendlela enkulu.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Ranibizumab?

I-Ranibizumab ihlala inikezwa njengomjovo emehlweni akho ngudokotela wamehlo oqeqeshiwe endaweni yezokwelapha. Awukwazi ukuthatha lo muthi ekhaya, futhi idinga imishini ekhethekile nobungcweti ukuze inikezwe ngokuphepha.

Ngaphambi komjovo wakho, udokotela wakho uzonumbaza iso lakho ngamaconsi akhethekile ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki. Bazophinda bahlanze indawo ezungeze iso lakho ngokucophelela ukuvimbela ukutheleleka. Umjovo wangempela uthatha imizuzwana embalwa nje, yize lonke i-aphoyintimenti lingathatha imizuzu engama-30 kuya ehoreni elilodwa.

Akudingeki ukuthi uzile noma ugweme ukudla ngaphambi komjovo wakho we-ranibizumab. Nokho, kufanele uhlele ukuthi othile akuqhubele ekhaya, njengoba umbono wakho ungase ube mnyama okwesikhashana noma ungase ube nokungakhululeki ngokushesha ngemva kwenqubo.

Ngemva komjovo, udokotela wakho cishe uzokunika amaconsi esweni e-antibiotic ukuvimbela ukutheleleka. Landela imiyalelo yabo ngokucophelela mayelana nokuthi ungawasebenzisa nini futhi kanjani lawa maconsi, njengoba ukunakekelwa okufanele ngemva kokwelashwa kubalulekile ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu.

Kufanele Ngithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Ranibizumab?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-ranibizumab buhlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo sakho esithile nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini. Abantu abaningi badinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo izinyanga noma iminyaka ukuze bagcine ukuthuthuka kwabo kombono.

Ngokuvamile, uzoqala ngemijovo yanyanga zonke ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha intuthuko yakho ngokucophelela ngalesi sigaba sokuqala ukuze abone ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani kuwe.

Ngemva kochungechunge lokuqala, abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukwelula isikhathi phakathi kwemijovo sibe yizinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu. Abanye abantu bangase badinge imijovo kaningi, kanti abanye bayayidinga kaningi ukuze bagcine umbono ozinzile.

Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzosebenzisa izivivinyo ezikhethekile zokuthwebula izithombe nokuhlolwa kombono ukuze anqume uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Bazofuna izimpawu zokuqongelela uketshezi, umsebenzi wemithambo yegazi, kanye nezinguquko embonweni wakho ukuze baqondise izincomo zabo.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Ranibizumab?

Abantu abaningi bayawamukela kahle imijovo ye-ranibizumab, kodwa njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Ukuqonda ukuthi okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulungiseleleke kakhulu futhi wazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nodokotela wakho.

Imiphumela emibi evamile abantu abaningi abayizwayo ihlanganisa ukucasuka kwamehlo okuncane, umbono ongacacile okwesikhashana, noma umuzwa wokuthi kukhona okuthile esweni lakho. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuthuthuka ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili ngemva komjovo wakho.

Nawa imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyibone:

• Ukubomvu kweso okwesikhashana noma ukucasuka
• Ubuhlungu obuncane beso noma ukungakhululeki
• Ukubona okungacacile amahora ambalwa
• Ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi
• Umuzwa wokucindezela esweni lakho
• Amabala amancane noma "ama-floaters" embonweni wakho

Le miphumela ejwayelekile ivame ukuzixazulula ngokushesha futhi ayidingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile ngaphandle kwemiyalelo yokunakekela ngemuva enikezwa udokotela wakho.

Imiphumela engavamile kodwa ebucayi ingenzeka, nakuba ithinta kuphela iphesenti elincane labantu abathola i-ranibizumab. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukutheleleka kweso, ukuhlukana kwe-retinal, noma ukwanda kwengcindezi yeso.

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zingabandakanya:

• Ukutheleleka kweso elibucayi (i-endophthalmitis)
• Ukudabuka kwe-Retinal noma ukuhlukana
• Ukwanda okukhulu kwengcindezi yeso
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono okukhulu
• Isifo sohlangothi noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo (okungavamile kakhulu)

Ngenkathi le miphumela emibi ingavamile, kubalulekile ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu obukhulu beso, izinguquko zombono ezingazelelwe, noma izimpawu zokutheleleka njengokubomvu okwengeziwe, ukukhipha, noma ukuzwela ekukhanyeni.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Ranibizumab?

I-Ranibizumab ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi iphephile yini kuwe. Abantu abanezifo zamehlo ezisebenzayo abakwazi ukuthola lokhu kwelashwa kuze kube yilapho ukutheleleka kuqediwe ngokuphelele.

Akufanele uthole i-ranibizumab uma unokungezwani komzimba emuthini noma kunoma iyiphi yezingxenye zawo. Udokotela wakho uzobuza ngomlando wakho wokungezwani komzimba ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa ukuze aqinisekise ukuphepha kwakho.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha badinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile ngaphambi kokuthola i-ranibizumab. Uma unomlando wesifo sohlangothi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma ezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, udokotela wakho uzohlola izinzuzo ngokumelene nezingozi ezingaba khona.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bakugweme ukusebenzisa i-ranibizumab ngaphandle uma izinzuzo ezingaba khona ziqinisekile ukuthi zidlula izingozi. Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa noma uncelisa, xoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ukuze unqume ukuthi yini engcono kakhulu.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Ranibizumab

I-Ranibizumab itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Lucentis, okuyilona fomu elivame kakhulu ukunconywa lolu hlobo lomuthi. Udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi angase abhekisele kulo nganoma yiliphi igama.

Ezinye izindawo zingase zibe namanye amagama omkhiqizo we-ranibizumab, kodwa i-Lucentis ihlala iyigama eliyinhloko lomkhiqizo emhlabeni wonke. Umuthi awufani ngaphandle kokuthi igama lomkhiqizo lisetshenziswa.

Uma ukhuluma ngomuthi wakho nabanakekeli bezempilo, ungasebenzisa kokubili elithi "ranibizumab" noma elithi "Lucentis" - bazokwazi ukuthi ukhuluma ngomuthi ofanayo.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-Ranibizumab

Eminye imithi eminingi ingelapha izimo zamehlo ezifanayo uma i-ranibizumab ingakulungele. Lezi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zisebenza ngezindlela ezifanayo kodwa zingase zibe nezikhathi zokulinganisa ezihlukene noma amaphrofayili emiphumela engemihle.

I-Bevacizumab (Avastin) ingenye i-VEGF inhibitor odokotela abayisebenzisa ngezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kwemvume yezimo zamehlo. Inezinto ezifanayo ngamakhemikhali ne-ranibizumab kodwa yaqala ukuthuthukiswa ukwelapha umdlavuza.

I-Aflibercept (Eylea) enye inketho evimba i-VEGF namaprotheni ahlobene. Abanye abantu bangase basabele kangcono kulo muthi noma badinge imijovo engavamile kune-ranibizumab.

Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzocabangela izinto ezinjengesimo sakho esithile, umlando wezokwelapha, kanye nomshwalense lapho encoma inketho engcono kakhulu yokwelapha wena.

Ingabe i-Ranibizumab ingcono kune-Bevacizumab?

Kokubili i-ranibizumab ne-bevacizumab ziyindlela yokwelapha esebenzayo yezimo zamehlo ezifanayo, futhi ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi zisebenza kahle ngokufanayo kubantu abaningi. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuvame ukuncika ezintweni ezingokoqobo kunokuba kube nomehluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni.

IRanibizumab yakhelwe futhi yahlolwa ngokuqondile izimo zamehlo, kanti i-bevacizumab yaqala ukuthuthukiswa ukwelapha umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, yomibili le mithi inezincwadi eziningi zokuphepha uma isetshenziswa emehlweni.

Ezinye izifundo zikhomba ukuthi i-ranibizumab ingase ibe nengozi ephansi kancane yemiphumela emibi ethile, kodwa umehluko ngokuvamile mncane. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela isimo sakho ngasinye, okuhlanganisa umlando wakho wezokwelapha nomshwalense, lapho enza izincomo zakhe.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukwelashwa okusebenzela kahle futhi okuhambisana nendlela yakho yokuphila nezidingo zakho zezokwelapha. Yomibili le mithi isize izigidi zabantu ukuthi zigcine umbono wazo ngempumelelo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Ranibizumab

Ingabe i-Ranibizumab iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela?

Yebo, i-ranibizumab ivame ukunikezwa abantu abanesifo sikashukela, ikakhulukazi labo abane-diabetic macular edema noma i-diabetic retinopathy. Eqinisweni, izinkinga zamehlo ezihlobene nesifo sikashukela ziphakathi kwezizathu ezivame kakhulu odokotela abanikeza ngazo le mithi.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukuphathwa kwakho konke kwesifo sikashukela kanye nokwelashwa kwamehlo akho. Ukulawulwa okuhle kukashukela egazini kungasiza i-ranibizumab ukuthi isebenze ngempumelelo futhi kunganciphisa imvamisa yemijovo edingekayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa ukusebenzisa i-Ranibizumab eningi kakhulu?

Awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-ranibizumab eningi kakhulu ngengozi ngoba inikezwa kuphela ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abaqeqeshiwe ezindaweni zokwelapha. Umthamo ulinganiswa ngokucophelela futhi unikezwa udokotela wakho wamehlo.

Uma ukhathazekile ngomjovo wakho noma uba nezimpawu ezingavamile ngemuva kokwelashwa, xhumana nodokotela wakho wamehlo ngokushesha. Bangahlola ukuthi ngabe izimpawu zakho zihlobene yini nomuthi noma enye inkinga.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Ranibizumab?

Uma uphuthelwa umjovo we-ranibizumab ohleliwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho wamehlo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uhlele kabusha. Ungalindi kuze kube yilapho uqokwa khona okulandelayo njalo, ngoba ukubambezeleka ekwelashweni kungathinta imiphumela yakho yokubona.

Udokotela wakho uzoqoka isikhathi esingcono kakhulu somjovo wakho wokwenza ngokuya ngokuthi sekudlule isikhathi esingakanani kusukela ekwelashweni kwakho kokugcina kanye nesimo samehlo akho samanje. Bangase badinge ukuhlola iso lakho ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nomjovo.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Ranibizumab?

Isinqumo sokuyeka i-ranibizumab kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi nodokotela wakho wamehlo ngokusekelwe ekuphenduleni kweso lakho ekwelashweni kanye nemigomo yakho yokubona iyonke. Abanye abantu bangase bakwazi ukuthatha amakhefu ekwelashweni, kanti abanye badinga imijovo eqhubekayo ukuze bagcine umbono wabo.

Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile kanye nezivivinyo zokucabanga ukuze aqaphe isimo sakho. Uma iso lakho lihlala lizinzile ngaphandle kokukhula okusebenzayo koketshezi noma imithambo yegazi, bangase bancomise ukwelula isikhathi phakathi kwemijovo noma ukuthatha ikhefu lokwelashwa.

Ngingashayela ngemva komjovo we-Ranibizumab?

Odokotela abaningi batusa ukuhlela ezinye izindlela zokuhamba ngemva komjovo wakho we-ranibizumab, njengoba umbono wakho ungase ube mnyama okwesikhashana noma ungase uhlangabezane nokungakhululeki okuncane. Lokhu kuqapha kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha kwakho kanye nokuphepha kwabanye emgwaqeni.

Umbono wakho ngokuvamile ubuyela kokujwayelekile kungakapheli amahora ambalwa ngemva komjovo, kodwa kungcono ukuqapha. Ukuba nomuntu okushayelayo futhi kukuvumela ukuthi uphumule amehlo akho ngesikhathi sohambo oluya ekhaya, okungasiza ngenduduzo yakho nokululama kwakho.