Yini umgomo we-RSV (one-Adjuvanted)? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Nokwelashwa Ekhaya

Umjovo we-RSV one-adjuvant ngumgomo okhethekile owenzelwe ukuvikela igciwane le-respiratory syncytial, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu. Lo mgomo uqukethe i-adjuvant, okuyinto esiza ukukhulisa ukusabela komzimba wakho ekwakheni ukuvikeleka okuqinile nokuhlala isikhathi eside ekuthelelekeni nge-RSV.

Yini umgomo we-RSV (one-Adjuvanted)?

Umjovo we-RSV one-adjuvanted uhlobo olusha lomgomo oluhlanganisa ama-antigen e-RSV nesithako esithuthukisa amasosha omzimba esibizwa nge-adjuvant. I-adjuvant isebenza njenge-megaphone yamasosha akho omzimba, iyisize ukuthi ibone futhi ikhumbule igciwane le-RSV ngempumelelo enkulu kunezithako zemithi yokugoma yendabuko.

Lo mgomo wenzelwe ngqo abadala ababhekene nezingozi eziphakeme zezinkinga ezinzima ze-RSV. Ingxenye ye-adjuvant isiza ukunqoba ukwehla kwemvelo ekusebenzeni kwamasosha omzimba okwenzeka ngokuguga, iqinisekisa ukuthi umzimba wakho wakha ukuvikeleka okuqinile kuleli gciwane elivamile lokuphefumula.

Kuzwakala kanjani ukuthola umgomo we-RSV adjuvanted?

Abantu abaningi bahlangabezana nemiphumela emincane efana neminye imithi yokugoma ejwayelekile. Ungase uqaphele ubuhlungu, ububomvu, noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova kungakapheli amahora ambalwa ngemva kokuthola umjovo.

Abanye abantu bathuthukisa izimpawu ezincane ezinjenge-flu ezihlanganisa ukukhathala, ikhanda, noma ubuhlungu bemisipha obuvame ukuhlala izinsuku eziyi-1-2. Lezi zindlela zokuphendula empeleni ziyizimpawu ezinhle zokuthi amasosha akho omzimba ayasabela emgomeni futhi akha ukuvikeleka.

Ukujova ngokwako kuthatha imizuzwana nje futhi kuzwakala njengokucindezela okusheshayo engalweni yakho engenhla. Ukuqokwa konke kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu eyi-15-20, okuhlanganisa isikhathi esifushane sokubheka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uzizwa kahle ngaphambi kokuhamba.

Yini ebangela imiphumela emibi emgomeni we-RSV adjuvanted?

Imiphumela emibi yenzeka ngoba i-adjuvant yenzelwe ngqo ukwenza amasosha akho omzimba asebenze. Lapho umuthi wokugomela ungena emzimbeni wakho, i-adjuvant ikhomba amaseli akho omzimba ukuthi anake futhi aqale ukwakha izivikelo ngokumelene ne-RSV.

Ukusabela komzimba wakho okujwayelekile kwamasosha omzimba kudala ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuyo yonke imizimba yakho. Lokhu kusabela okuvuvukalayo yikho okubangela ubuhlungu besikhashana, ukukhathala, noma umkhuhlane omncane abanye abantu ababa nawo.

I-adjuvant iqukethe usawoti we-aluminium nezinye izinhlanganisela ezisiza ukwethula ama-antigen e-RSV emasosheni akho omzimba ngempumelelo enkulu. Lezi zithako zingabangela imiphumela emibi ebonakala kancane uma iqhathaniswa nemithi yokugomela engena-adjuvanted, kodwa futhi zinikeza ukuvikelwa okungcono.

Yiziphi izimo ezingase zithinte ukusabela kwakho emuthini wokugomela i-RSV adjuvanted?

Ezinye izimo zempilo zingathinta indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo emuthini wokugomela i-RSV adjuvanted. Abantu abanezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezihlaselwe kungenzeka babe nokusebenza okuncishisiwe komuthi wokugomela kodwa basengazuza ekuvikelweni.

Uma unezimo ze-autoimmune ezinjenge-rheumatoid arthritis noma i-lupus, ungase uhlangabezane nemiphumela emibi ehlukile kancane. Amasosha akho omzimba angase abe lula kakhulu ku-adjuvant, okungenzeka ukuthi kubangele ukuvuvukala okukhulu endaweni yokujova.

Izimo ezingapheli njengesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, noma isifo samaphaphu akukuvimbeli ukuthi uthole umuthi wokugomela. Eqinisweni, lezi zimo zenza ukugonywa kwe-RSV kubaluleke nakakhulu ngoba zikhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga ezinzima ezivela ekuthelelekeni kwe-RSV.

Ingabe imiphumela emibi evela emuthini wokugomela i-RSV adjuvanted inganyamalala yodwa?

Yebo, imiphumela emibi eminingi evela emuthini wokugomela i-RSV adjuvanted ixazululwa ngokuphelele phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-2-3 ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo uthulisa ukusabela komzimba uma usuqede ukucubungula izingxenye zomuthi wokugomela.

Ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova njengobuhlungu nobubomvu kuvame ukufinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu phakathi kwamahora angu-24-48 futhi kancane kancane kuyanyamalala. Izimpawu zesistimu ezifana nokukhathala noma umkhuhlane olula ngokuvamile zinyamalala ngokushesha, ngokuvamile kungakapheli amahora angu-24.

Isimo sesikhashana salezi zimpawu eziseceleni sibonisa ukusabela komzimba wakho okuhle emgomeni. Njengoba umzimba wakho uqeda ukwakha ukuzivikela emzimbeni we-RSV, izimpawu zokuvuvukala ezibangela ukungakhululeki ziyancipha ngokwemvelo.

Zingelashwa kanjani ekhaya izimpawu eziseceleni zomgomo we-RSV adjuvanted?

Amakhambi alula asekhaya angaphatha ngempumelelo izimpawu eziningi eziseceleni zomgomo futhi akusize uzizwe ukhululekile. Qala ngezinyathelo zokunethezeka eziyisisekelo ezisekela inqubo yokuphulukisa yomzimba wakho.

Ukuze uthole ukungakhululeki endaweni yokujova, lezi zindlela ezithambile zingahlinzeka ngempumuzo:

• Faka indwangu ebandayo, emanzi endaweni yokujova imizuzu engu-10-15 izikhathi eziningana ngosuku
• Hambisa ingalo nehlombe lakho ngobumnene ukuvimbela ukuqina
• Gwema ukuhlikihla noma ukubhucunga indawo yokujova
• Gqoka izingubo ezixekile ukunciphisa ukucasuka

Ngezimpawu ezilula zesistimu ezifana nokukhathala noma ikhanda, cabanga ngalezi zinyathelo zokusekela:

• Phumula futhi ulale ngokwanele ukuze usize amasosha akho omzimba asebenze ngempumelelo
• Hlala unamanzi ngamanzi, ama-herbal teas, noma ama-broths acacile
• Thatha izidambisi zokucasuka ezingathengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela njenge-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen uma kudingeka
• Yidla ukudla okulula, okunomsoco ukuze usekele amazinga akho wamandla

Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya zisebenza kahle uma ziqalwa ekuqaleni futhi zisetshenziswa njalo. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukuhlanganisa ukuphumula nezinyathelo zokunethezeka ezilula kubasiza bazizwe ngcono phakathi nosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.

Yini ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kwezimpawu ezinzima zomgomo we-RSV adjuvanted?

Ukusabela okukhulu emgomeni we-RSV onezithasiselo akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa ochwepheshe bezokwelapha balungiselele ukuzelapha uma kwenzeka. Abahlinzeki bezempilo abaningi baqapha iziguli imizuzu engu-15-20 ngemuva kokugonywa ukuze babambe noma yikuphi ukusabela okusheshayo.

Uma uba nezimpawu zokusabela okukhulu komzimba, ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kugxila ekuguquleni ngokushesha impendulo yomzimba. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bangase banikeze i-epinephrine, ama-antihistamine, noma ama-corticosteroids ngokuya ngobukhulu bezimpawu.

Ngemiphumela emibi eqhubekayo noma eyanda engathuthuki ngokunakekelwa ekhaya, udokotela wakho angase ancome imithi kadokotela. Lokhu kungabandakanya imithi eqinile elwa nokuvuvukala noma ukwelashwa okuthile kwezimpawu zakho.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngemuva kokuthola umgomo we-RSV onezithasiselo?

Ukusabela okuningi komgomo kulula futhi akudingi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, kodwa izimpawu ezithile zidinga ukuthi ushayele umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Thembela emizweni yakho uma kukhona okuzizwa kukhathaza noma kuhluke emiphumeleni emibi ejwayelekile yomgomo.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova okwanda ngemuva kwamahora angama-48
• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-101°F (38.3°C) ohlala ngaphezu kwamahora angama-24
• Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo noma ubuthakathaka obuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezi-3
• Ubuhlungu obungavamile bemisipha noma amalunga obungathuthuki ngokuphumula

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu zokusabela okukhulu komzimba:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukukhwehlela
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho, izindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo
• Ukuqubuka okusabalale noma imihuzuko
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma isiyezi
• Isicanucanu esikhulu noma ukuhlanza

Lezi zimpawu ezimbi zivame ukwenzeka ngemizuzu noma ngamahora ngemuva kokugonywa, yingakho abahlinzeki bezempilo beqaphela iziguli kafushane ngemuva kokugonywa.

Ziziphi izinto eziyingozi zokuba nemiphumela emibi emgomeni we-RSV ohlanganisiwe?

Izinto eziningana zingathinta amathuba akho okuba nemiphumela emibi emgomeni we-RSV ohlanganisiwe. Ukuqonda lezi zinto eziyingozi kukusiza ukuthi ulungiselele futhi wazi ukuthi yini ongayilindela.

Izinto ezihlobene nobudala zidlala indima enkulu ekuphenduleni komgomo. Ngenkathi umgomo wenzelwe abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu, labo abaneminyaka yobudala yama-60 nama-70 bangase babe nemiphumela emibi kancane kunalabo abaneminyaka yobudala yama-80 nama-90, njengoba amasistimu omzimba amancane evame ukuphendula ngamandla.

Ukuphendula komgomo kwangaphambilini kungabonisa ukuthi umzimba wakho ungase usabele kanjani emgomeni we-RSV. Uma uke waba nemiphumela emibi ephawulekayo kweminye imigomo ehlanganisiwe efana nomgomo we-shingles, ungase ube maningi amathuba okuba nemiphumela efanayo.

Ezinye izimo zempilo zingase zikhuphule ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi:

• Izifo ze-Autoimmune ezithinta ukulawulwa kwamasistimu omzimba
• Ukuncoma imithi ecindezela amasistimu omzimba
• Umlando wokungezwani okukhulu nemigomo noma imithi
• Ukugula kwamuva noma ukutheleleka okungase kukhulise ukuzwela komzimba

Umehluko wobulili nawo ukhona, lapho abesifazane ngokuvamile bebika imiphumela emibi eminingi emgomeni kunamadoda. Le ndlela ibonisa umehluko wemvelo ekuphenduleni kwamasistimu omzimba phakathi kobulili.

Ziziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zomgomo we-RSV ohlanganisiwe?

Izinkinga ezingathi sína ezivela emgomeni we-RSV ohlanganisiwe azivamile kakhulu, zenzeka kubantu abangaphansi koyedwa kwabayi-100,000. Izinkinga eziningi zithambile futhi zixazululeka ngokushesha ngokunakekelwa okufanele.

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zibandakanya ukusabela kwendawo okweluliwe endaweni yokujova. Abanye abantu bathuthukisa i-nodule eqinile noma ububomvu obuqhubekayo obungase buhlale amasonto amaningana kodwa buxazululeka kancane ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína zihlanganisa:

• Ukusabela okukhulu komzimba (i-anaphylaxis) okudinga ukwelashwa ngokuphuthumayo
• Ukwelashwa kwehlombe okuhlobene nokuphathwa komgomo (i-SIRVA)
• Ukuquleka noma ukuwa ngemva nje kokugonywa
• I-Guillain-Barré syndrome (isimo esingavamile kakhulu sezinzwa)

Abahlinzeki bezempilo baqeqeshwe ukubona nokwelapha lezi zinkinga ngokushesha. Ingozi yezinkinga ezingathi sína ezivela emgomeni iphansi kakhulu kunengozi yokugula okukhulu okuvela ekuthelelekeni kwe-RSV ngokwayo.

Ingabe umgomo we-RSV ohlanganisiwe muhle noma mubi kubantu abadala?

Umgomo we-RSV ohlanganisiwe unenzuzo enkulu kubantu abadala, unikeza ukuvikelwa okubalulekile ekuvikeleni igciwane elingabangela ukugula okukhulu kulolu hlu lweminyaka. Izinzuzo zikhulu kakhulu kunezingozi zemiphumela emibi yesikhashana.

I-RSV ibangela izinkulungwane zokulaliswa esibhedlela nokufa phakathi kwabantu abadala minyaka yonke. Umgomo unciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa isifo esibi se-RSV ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-75-85%, okumele ukuvikelwa okukhulu ekulalisweni esibhedlela nasezinkingeni.

Ingxenye ye-adjuvant ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abadala ngoba isiza ukunqoba izinguquko zesistimu yokuzivikela komzimba ezihlobene nobudala. Ngaphandle kwe-adjuvant, imigomo ingase inganikezi ukuvikelwa okwanele kubantu abanezinhlelo zabo zokuzivikela ezibuthakathaka ngokwemvelo ngobudala.

Yini imiphumela emibi yomgomo we-RSV engase ididaniswe nayo?

Imiphumela emibi yomgomo we-RSV ngezinye izikhathi ingadidaniswa nezinye izimo ezivamile, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi somkhuhlane nomkhuhlane. Ukuqonda le mibandela kukusiza ukuthi usabele ngendlela efanele ezimpawini.

Imiphumela emibi yomgomo emnene ingase izizwe sengathi ukuqala komkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, ukusabela komgomo kuvame ukuqala kungakapheli amahora angama-24 ngemva kokugonywa futhi kulungiswe phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-2-3, kuyilapho izifo ezithathelwanayo zivame ukuba zimbi kakhulu ezinsukwini eziningana.

Ukusabela kwendawo yokujova kungase kudidaniswe nalokhu:

• I-Cellulitis noma ukutheleleka kwesikhumba (kodwa ukusabela komgomo akusabalali noma akuthuthukisi amanyala)
• Ukuqina kwemisipha noma ukulimala (kodwa ubuhlungu bomgomo bugxile endaweni yokujova)
• Ukuqubuka kwe-Arthritis (kodwa ubuhlungu obuhlangene obuhlobene nomgomo bungokwesikhashana futhi busabalale)

Izimpawu zesistimu ezifana nokukhathala nekhanda elibuhlungu zingase zixutshwe nezinye izimo. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezihlobene nomgomo zivame ukuba buthaka futhi zihlale isikhathi esifushane kunezimpawu ezivela ekuguleni kwangempela.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nomgomo we-RSV adjuvanted

Q1: Ingabe ukuvikeleka emgomweni we-RSV adjuvanted kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ucwaningo lwamanje luphakamisa ukuthi umgomo we-RSV adjuvanted unikeza ukuvikeleka okungenani iminyaka engu-2-3, nakuba izifundo zisaqhubeka ukuze kutholakale isikhathi esiqondile. I-adjuvant isiza ukudala ukuzivikela okunamandla nokuhlala isikhathi eside uma kuqhathaniswa nemigomo engena-adjuvanted. Ungase udinge imijovo yokuthuthukisa esikhathini esizayo, kodwa izincomo zisaqhubeka njengoba sifunda okwengeziwe mayelana nokuvikeleka kwesikhathi eside.

Q2: Ngingawuthola umgomo we-RSV adjuvanted neminye imigomo?

Yebo, ungafaka umgomo we-RSV adjuvanted ngokuphepha kanye neminye imigomo enconyiwe efana nomgomo womkhuhlane noma umgomo we-COVID-19. Abahlinzeki bezempilo ngokuvamile banikeza imigomo ehlukene ezingalweni ezihlukene ukuze banciphise ukungakhululeki futhi basize ukuhlonza noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingezinhle. Ukuthola imigomo eminingi ndawonye akukhuphuli ingozi yakho yezinkinga ezingathi sína futhi kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uvikelekile ezifweni eziningi.

Q3: Ingabe umgomo we-RSV adjuvanted ungcono kunenguqulo engena-adjuvanted?

Umgomo we-RSV adjuvanted ngokuvamile unikeza ukuvikeleka okuqinile nokuhlala isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala. I-adjuvant isiza ukuthuthukisa ukusabela kwakho komzimba, okuzuzisa ikakhulukazi njengoba umsebenzi wokuzivikela emzimbeni unciphisa ngokwemvelo ngobudala. Nakuba yomibili imigomo isebenza kahle, inguqulo ye-adjuvanted ingase inikeze ukuvikeleka okungcono kubantu abaneminyaka engu-60 nangaphezulu.

Umbuzo 4: Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngingaphandle kwezithako zomgomo?

Uma wazi ukuthi unokungezwani nezithako zomgomo, xoxa ngalokhu nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokugonywa. Bangabuyekeza izithako zomgomo futhi banqume ukuthi kuphephile yini kuwe. Kwezinye izimo, ungase uthole umgomo ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha, noma udokotela wakho angase ancome ukukugwema uma unokungezwani okukhulu nezithako ezithile.

Umbuzo 5: Usebenza kangakanani umgomo we-RSV ohlanganiswe ekunqandeni ukulaliswa esibhedlela?

Izivivinyo zomtholampilo zikhombisa ukuthi umgomo we-RSV ohlanganiswe unciphisa ingozi yokulaliswa esibhedlela yi-RSV ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-75-85% kubantu abadala. Leli zinga eliphezulu lokuvikela libaluleke kakhulu ngoba i-RSV ingabangela izinkinga ezinzima ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okujulile kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60. Ukusebenza komgomo ekuvikeleni izifo ezinzima kuwenza ithuluzi elibalulekile lokugcina impilo nokuzimela njengoba ukhula.