Yini i-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Rifampin ne-isoniazid kuyinhlanganisela yemithi elwa nezifo zokukhwehlela (TB). Lawa makhambi amabili anamandla asebenza ndawonye ukubulala amagciwane abangela i-TB, okwenza ukwelashwa kuphumelele kakhulu kunokusebenzisa noma iyiphi imithi yodwa.

Le ndlela yokwelapha ehlanganisiwe ibilokhu iyisisekelo sokwelashwa kwe-TB amashumi eminyaka. Udokotela wakho uyikhipha ngoba amagciwane e-TB aqinile kakhulu futhi adinga imithi eminingi ukuwavimbela ukuthi angazakhi ukumelana nokwelashwa.

Yini i-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid?

I-Rifampin ne-isoniazid ihlanganisa imithi emibili elwa ne-TB ibe yiphilisi elilodwa elilula. I-Rifampin ingeyeqembu lama-antibiotics abizwa ngokuthi ama-rifamycins, kanti i-isoniazid iyingxenye yomndeni wama-anti-TB drugs we-hydrazide.

Ngokuhlanganyela, le mithi idala ukushaya okunamandla okukodwa-kabili ngamagciwane e-TB. I-Rifampin iphazamisa ikhono lamagciwane lokwenza amaprotheni abalulekile, kuyilapho i-isoniazid iwavimbela ekwakheni izindonga zawo eziqeda amagciwane.

Le nhlanganisela iza ngesimo samaphilisi futhi ivame ukuthathwa kanye ngosuku. Umuthi uyatholakala ngamandla ahlukene ukuze ahambisane nezidingo zakho zokwelashwa ezithile ngokusekelwe esisindweni sakho nobukhulu besifo sakho.

Yini i-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid Esetshenziselwa Yona?

Le nhlanganisela yemithi iphatha izifo zokukhwehlela ezisebenzayo futhi isiza ekuvikeleni i-TB kubantu abaye bachayeka emagciwaneni. Udokotela wakho angase akukhiphe uma unesifo se-TB esithinta amaphaphu akho, ama-lymph nodes, noma ezinye izitho zomzimba wakho.

Umithi usebenza kahle ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni i-pulmonary TB, ethinta amaphaphu futhi okuyindlela evame kakhulu yesifo. Inga futhi iphathe i-extrapulmonary TB, eyenzeka lapho ukutheleleka kusabalala ngaphandle kwamaphaphu kuye kwezinye izitho.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela banikeza le nhlanganisela yokwelapha ukutheleleka nge-TB okufihliwe, lapho uthwala amagciwane kodwa ungezwa ugula okwamanje. Ukwelapha i-TB efihliwe kuvimbela ukuthi ingabi yisifo esisebenzayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase futhi ancome lo muthi uma uke waba nokuxhumana eduze nomuntu one-TB esebenzayo, ikakhulukazi uma unezici eziyingozi ezenza ukuthi uthambekele ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid?

Le nhlanganisela isebenza ngokuhlasela amagciwane e-TB ngezindlela ezimbili ezihlukene, okwenza kube nzima ngamagciwane ukusinda nokuzala. I-Rifampin ivimba i-enzyme ebizwa nge-RNA polymerase edingwa amagciwane e-TB ukuze enze amaprotheni abalulekile ekusindeni kwawo.

I-Isoniazid iqondise ingxenye ehlukile yesistimu yokusinda yamagciwane ngokubavimbela ekwenzeni i-mycolic acid, okuyingxenye ebalulekile yodonga lwamaselula abo. Ngaphandle kodonga oluqinile lwamaselula, amagciwane aba buthakathaka futhi ekugcineni afe.

Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yomibili ndawonye kudala lokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi

Uma uzwa ukuphathwa yisisu, ungalithatha imithi ngemali encane yokudla, kodwa lokhu kunganciphisa kancane ukusebenza kwayo. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukuyithatha ngama-crackers noma isinkwa esosiwe kusiza ukunciphisa isicanucanu.

Zama ukuthatha imithi yakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho. Ukusetha i-alamu yansuku zonke kungakusiza ukuthi ukhumbule, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukwelashwa kwe-TB kudinga ukulinganiswa okuqhubekayo izinyanga eziningana.

Gwema utshwala ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi, njengoba kokubili i-rifampin ne-isoniazid kungathinta isibindi sakho, futhi utshwala landisa le ngozi. Udokotela wakho cishe uzoqapha ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid?

Abantu abaningi bathatha le nhlanganisela izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye, kuye ngohlobo nobukhulu bokutheleleka kwabo nge-TB. Udokotela wakho uzoqoka isikhathi esiqondile esisekelwe esimweni sakho esithile nokuthi usabela kanjani ekwelashweni.

Nge-TB ye-pulmonary esebenzayo, inkambo yokwelashwa ejwayelekile yizinyanga eziyisithupha, kuyilapho i-TB ye-extrapulmonary ingadinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside. Abantu abane-TB engamelani nemithi noma izinhlelo zokuzivikela ezikhubazekile bangase badinge ukwelashwa okwandisiwe.

Kubalulekile ukuqeda yonke inkambo yokwelashwa, ngisho noma uqala ukuzizwa ungcono ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa. Ukuyeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungavumela amagciwane asindile ukuthi aphindaphindeke futhi kungenzeka ukuthi athuthukise ukumelana nemithi.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho ngokuhlolwa okuvamile futhi angase alungise ubude bokwelashwa kwakho ngokusekelwe ekutheni ukutheleleka kuphendula kanjani kahle. Abanye abantu bangase badinge izinyanga ezengeziwe zokwelashwa uma i-TB yabo iqine kakhulu.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-rifampin ne-isoniazid kungabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Ukuqonda ukuthi okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulungiseleleke kakhulu futhi wazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Imiphumela eseceleni evame kakhulu ivamise ukuba mncane futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Nawa amanye amaphutha ongase uwathole:

• Umbala owolintshi noma obomvu womchamo wakho, izinyembezi, amathe, nomjuluko
• Ukucasuka okuncane kwesisu noma isicanucanu
• Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• Ikhanda elincane
• Isiyezi
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele kunokujwayelekile

Umbala owolintshi ujwayelekile futhi awuyingozi, nakuba ungase ubonakalise okwesikhashana amalensi okuxhumana nezingubo. Lo mphumela uzonyamalala uma uyeka ukuthatha umuthi.

Nakuba kungavamile, abanye abantu bathola imiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesilinganiso esincane seziguli kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela:

• Isicanucanu esiqhubekayo nokuhlanza
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo (i-jaundice)
• Umchamo onombala omnyama ngaphandle kombala owolintshi olindelekile
• Ubuthakathaka obungavamile noma ukukhathala
• Ukuqina noma ukuluma ezandleni noma ezinyaweni
• Umkhuhlane oqhubekayo noma izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane

Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise izinkinga zesibindi noma ukulimala kwemizwa, kokubili okuyizinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína ezidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ngokuvamile, abanye abantu bangase bathole ukusabela okukhulu komzimba noma ukulimala okukhulu kwesibindi. Nakuba lezi zinkinga ezingathi sína zithinta ngaphansi kuka-1% weziguli, zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha eziphuthumayo uma zenzeka.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole i-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid?

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme lo muthi ohlanganisiwe ngenxa yobungozi obukhulu bezinkinga. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokubhala lo muthi.

Abantu abanezifo zesibindi ezinzima noma umlando wezinkinga zesibindi ngokuvamile akufanele bathathe le nhlanganisela, njengoba yomibili imithi ingathinta ukusebenza kwesibindi. Uma une-hepatitis noma ezinye izimo zesibindi, udokotela wakho angase akhethe ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Lo muthi awunconyelwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqala, ngaphandle uma izinzuzo zicacile ukuthi zidlula izingozi. Uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, xoxa ngezindlela eziphephile nodokotela wakho.

Abantu abanomlando wokungezwani komzimba okukhulu ku-rifampin noma i-isoniazid akufanele bathathe le nhlanganisela. Labo abanezimo ezithile zofuzo ezithinta indlela umzimba oqhubula ngayo le mithi kungenzeka badinge ukwelashwa okuhlukile.

Uma unesifo sezinso, isifo sikashukela, noma uthatha eminye imithi ethile, udokotela wakho angase adinge ukulungisa umthamo wakho noma akuqaphele eduze. Ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisana kwemithi zingaba zimbi, ngakho-ke ngaso sonke isikhathi tshela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid

Igama elivamile lomkhiqizo wale nhlanganisela yi-Rifamate, etholakala kabanzi e-United States. Lo mkhiqizo uqukethe kokubili i-rifampin ne-isoniazid ngemithamo emisiwe eyenzelwe ukuthatha kalula kanye ngosuku.

Kwamanye amazwe, ungathola le nhlanganisela ngaphansi kwamanye amagama omkhiqizo, yize izithako ezisebenzayo zihlala zinjalo. Umkhemisi wakho angakusiza ukuthi uthole imikhiqizo elingana uma uhamba noma udinga ukugcwalisa imiyalelo ezindaweni ezihlukene.

Izinhlobo ezivamile zenhlanganisela ye-rifampin ne-isoniazid nazo ziyatholakala futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinhlobo zamagama omkhiqizo. Lezi zinketho ezivamile zivame ukubiza kancane ngenkathi zinikeza izinzuzo ezifanayo zokwelapha.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid

Uma ungenakukwazi ukuthatha i-rifampin ne-isoniazid, ukwelashwa okuhlukahlukene okungasebenza kahle kungelapha izifo ze-TB. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha inketho engcono kakhulu ngokususelwa esimweni sakho esithile nomlando wezokwelapha.

I-Ethambutol ehlanganiswe neminye imithi elwa ne-TB inikeza enye indlela esebenzayo kubantu abangakwazi ukubekezelela i-rifampin noma i-isoniazid. Le nhlanganisela isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kodwa ingasebenza ngokulinganayo ezinhlotsheni eziningi ze-TB.

Kubantu abane-TB engamelani nemithi, imithi emisha efana ne-bedaquiline noma i-linezolid ingase idingeke. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zivame ukugcinelwa amacala lapho ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kungasebenzi noma kungafaneleki.

Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukuthatha imithi yabo ngabanye ngokwehlukana kunokuba ngendlela yokuhlanganisa. Le ndlela ivumela ukulungiswa okucacile kwemithamo uma uba nemiphumela emibi evela kwenye ingxenye kodwa hhayi kwenye.

Ingabe i-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid Ingcono Kunezinye Imithi ye-TB?

Inhlanganisela ye-Rifampin ne-isoniazid ibilokhu iyizinga legolide lokwelashwa kwe-TB amashumi eminyaka ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okufakazelwe kanye nephrofayili yemiphumela emibi elawulekayo. Izifundo zomtholampilo zibonisa njalo amazinga aphezulu okuphulukiswa lapho abantu beqeda inkambo ephelele yokwelashwa.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuthatha imithi eminingi ehlukene, le nhlanganisela inikeza lula kwamaphilisi ambalwa kanye namashadi okulinganisa alula. Lokhu kulula kuvame ukuholela ekuthobeleni okungcono, okubalulekile ekwelashweni kwe-TB okuphumelelayo.

Nokho,

IRifampin ingase ihlangane nemithi ethile yesifo sikashukela, ikakhulukazi leyo ecutshungulwa yisibindi. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase adinge ukulungisa imithamo yakho yemithi yesifo sikashukela noma akuqaphele eduze ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-TB.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, yazisa udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala le nhlanganisela. Bangakusiza ukuthi wakhe uhlelo lokuqapha ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi kokubili ukwelashwa kwakho kwe-TB nokuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela kuhlala emgqeni.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithatha Ngengozi I-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid Engaphezu Kwemithamo Yami?

Uma ngengozi uthatha okungaphezu komthamo wakho obekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha okuningi kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi ukulimala kwesibindi.

Ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngqo ochwepheshe bezokwelapha. Kunalokho, phuza amanzi amaningi futhi funa ukwelashwa ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma uhlangabezana nesicanucanu esibi, ukuhlanza, noma ubuhlungu besisu.

Letha ibhodlela lemithi nawe egumbini eliphuthumayo ukuze abahlinzeki bezempilo bakwazi ukubona kahle ukuthi yini nokuthi ungakanani okuthathile. Ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo kungasiza ekuvikeleni noma ekunciphiseni izinkinga ezivela ekweqiseni umthamo.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, wuthatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka nohlelo lwakho olujwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha ama-alamu ocingweni noma ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukuthi ukhumbule.

Ukuphuthelwa imithamo ngezikhathi ezithile ngeke kulimaze ukwelashwa kwakho, kodwa ukuqina kubalulekile ekwelashweni kwe-TB. Uma uphuthelwa imithamo engaphezu kwemithathu, xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze nixoxe ngendlela yokubuyela emgqeni ngokuphepha.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid?

Ungayeki ukuthatha lo muthi ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela wakho, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono ngokuphelele. Amagciwane e-TB angahlala emzimbeni wakho izinyanga, futhi ukuyeka ukwelashwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungaholela ekwehlulekeni kokwelashwa noma ukumelana nemithi.

Udokotela wakho uzoqoka ukuthi kuphephile nini ukuyeka ngokusekelwe ekuphenduleni kwakho ekwelashweni, izivivinyo zokulandela, kanye nohlobo oluthile lwe-TB onalo. Abantu abaningi badinga ukuqeda okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha zokwelashwa.

Uma imiphumela emibi iba nzima ukuyibekezelela, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokulungisa ukwelashwa kwakho kunokuyeka ngokwakho. Bangase bakwazi ukuguqula umthamo wakho noma bakushintshele emithini ehlukile ngenkathi beqinisekisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho i-TB kuhlala kusebenza.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Rifampin ne-Isoniazid?

Kunconywa ngokuqinile ukugwema utshwala ngokuphelele ngenkathi uthatha le mithi ehlanganisiwe. Kokubili i-rifampin ne-isoniazid kungathinta isibindi sakho, futhi utshwala bunyusa kakhulu ingozi yokulimala kwesibindi okukhulu.

Ngisho namanani amancane otshwala angaba yinkinga uma ehlanganiswe nale mithi. Ingozi ayifaneleki, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukwelashwa kwe-TB kuvame ukuthatha izinyanga eziningana.

Uma unezinkathazo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kotshwala noma udinga ukusekelwa ekugwemeni utshwala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, xoxa lokhu ngokukhululeka nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Bangakunikeza izinsiza namasu okukusiza ukuthi uhlale ungenayo utshwala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho i-TB.