Yini Umgomo We-Rotavirus (Ophilayo, Ngezwi Lomlomo): Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

Umjovo we-rotavirus uyigciwane eliphilayo, elibuthakathaka elinikezwa ngomlomo ukuvikela izinsana nezingane ezincane ekuthelelekeni nge-rotavirus. Lo mjovo usiza ekuvikeleni isifo sohudo esibi, ukuhlanza, nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okungaba yingozi ezinganeni.

I-Rotavirus ingenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zesifo sohudo esibi ezinganeni emhlabeni wonke. Ngaphambi kokuba lo mjovo utholakale, cishe zonke izingane zazizotheleleka nge-rotavirus ngeminyaka engu-5, futhi eziningi zazingadinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngenxa yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Yini Umgomo We-Rotavirus?

Umjovo we-rotavirus uqukethe i-rotavirus ephilayo kodwa ebuthakathaka engakwazi ukubangela ukugula okukhulu ezinganeni ezinempilo. Uma unikezwa ingane yakho, kusiza amasosha omzimba ukuthi afunde ukuqaphela nokulwa ne-rotavirus yangempela uma ihlangana nayo kamuva.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemigomo ye-rotavirus etholakalayo. Zombili zinikezwa njengamaconsi amanzi ngqo emlonyeni wengane yakho, okwenza kube lula ukuwanikeza ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezingane okuvamile.

Umjovo usebenza ngokudala ukuzivikela ngaphandle kokubangela izimpawu ezinzima ezilethwa yi-rotavirus yasendle. Lokhu kuvikela kubaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni, imizimba yazo emincane ingaphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngokushesha ngenxa yesifo sohudo se-rotavirus ngokushesha kunezingane ezindala noma abantu abadala.

Usetshenziselwani Umgomo We-Rotavirus?

Lo mjovo uvimbela i-rotavirus gastroenteritis, ebangela isifo sohudo esibi, ukuhlanza, umkhuhlane, nobuhlungu besisu ezinganeni ezincane. I-Rotavirus itheleleka kakhulu futhi isakazeka kalula ngokuthintana nendle enegciwane noma izindawo ezingcolisiwe.

Umjovo wenzelwe ngokuqondile izinsana futhi usebenza kahle kakhulu uma unikezwa ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila. Unikeza ukuvikelwa ngesikhathi lapho izingane zivulnerable kakhulu ezinkingeni ezinzima ezivela ekuthelelekeni nge-rotavirus.

Noma umgomo kungenzeka ungaqedi zonke izifo ze-rotavirus, unciphisa kakhulu ingozi yesifo esibi esidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ivimbela cishe i-85-98% yezifo ezinzima ze-rotavirus kanye cishe i-74-87% yazo zonke izifo ze-rotavirus.

Isebenza Kanjani Umgomo we-Rotavirus?

Umgomo we-rotavirus uthathwa njengomuthi wokuvimbela olungile olusebenza ngokuqeqesha amasosha omzimba engane yakho. Amagciwane abuthakathaka kumgomo azala emathunjini kodwa angeke abangele ukugula okukhulu ezinganeni ezinempilo.

Njengoba la magciwane abuthakathaka ekhula, amasosha omzimba engane yakho afunda ukuqaphela i-rotavirus futhi akhe ama-antibody okulwa nayo. Le nqubo yakha ukuzivikela okuzobavikela lapho behlangana ne-rotavirus yangempela, eyingozi endaweni yabo.

Umgomo udala kokubili ukuzivikela emathunjini nama-antibody egazi. Ukuzivikela emathunjini kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba i-rotavirus ithinta ikakhulukazi uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, ngakho-ke ukuba nokuvikeleka lapho kanye lapho igciwane lihlasela kunikeza ukuvikela okungcono kakhulu.

Kufanele Ngiwunike Kanjani Umgomo we-Rotavirus Ingane Yami?

Umgomo we-rotavirus unikezwa ngomlomo kuphela njengamaconsi oketshezi, hhayi ngomjovo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzocindezela umgomo ngqo emlonyeni wengane yakho esebenzisa i-applicator ekhethekile noma i-syringe.

Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekayo ngaphambi komgomo. Ingane yakho ingadla futhi iphuze ngokujwayelekile ngaphambi nangemva kokuyithola. Uma ingane yakho ikhafula noma ihlanza ngemizuzu embalwa ngemuva kokuthola umgomo, umhlinzeki wezempilo angase anikeze omunye umthamo.

Umgomo unganikezwa ngesikhathi esifanayo neminye imigomo ejwayelekile yezingane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane yakho ingathola umgomo wayo we-rotavirus kanye neminye imigomo ebalulekile ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwabo okuvamile kwengane enempilo.

Akukho kukhawulelwa kokudla ngemva komgomo. Ingane yakho ingaqhubeka nokuncelisa noma ukunika ibhodlela njengenjwayelo. Umgomo usebenza kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingane yakho isanda kudla noma isiswini esingenalutho.

Kufanele Ingabe Ingane Yami Ithatha Isikhathi Esingakanani Umgomo We-Rotavirus?

Umgomo we-rotavirus unikezwa njengochungechunge lwemithamo emi-2 noma emi-3, kuye ngohlobo olusetshenziswa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Uchungechunge kumele luqedwe ngaphambi kokuba ingane yakho ifinyelele ezinyangeni eziyi-8 ubudala.

Uchungechunge lwemithamo emibili (i-RotaTeq), imithamo ivamise ukunikezwa ezinyangeni ezi-2 nezinyanga ezi-4 ubudala. Ochungechunge lwemithamo emithathu (i-Rotarix), imithamo inikezwa ezinynageni ezi-2, ezi-4, nezi-6 ubudala.

Isikhathi sibalulekile ngoba umgomo usebenza kahle kakhulu uma unikezwa ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila. Ukuqala sekwephuzile kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle, futhi umgomo akufanele unikezwe ezinganeni ezingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-8 ngenxa yengozi eyengeziwe yomphumela ongavamile obizwa ngokuthi i-intussusception.

Uma ingane yakho iqeda uchungechunge lomgomo, izoba nokuvikeleka okuhlala isikhathi eside ngokumelene ne-rotavirus. Akukho imijovo eyengeziwe edingekayo kamuva ebuntwaneni noma ebudaleni.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Yomgomo We-Rotavirus?

Iningi lezingane ezithola umgomo we-rotavirus alinawo nhlobo imiphumela emibi. Lapho imiphumela emibi yenzeka, ivamise ukuba mnene futhi inyamalale yodwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyibone ihlanganisa ukukhathala okuncane, ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, kanye nezihlalo ezingahle zibe lukhuni. Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nomkhuhlane ophansi noma zibonakale zikhathele kancane kunokujwayelekile usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.

Nansi imiphumela emibi eyenzeka kaningi, ukhumbula ukuthi iningi lezingane alitholi namunye walaba:

• Ukucasuka okuncane noma ukukhathala
• Ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili
• Izihlalo ezingahle zibe lukhuni noma ezinamanzi
• Umkhuhlane ophansi (ngaphansi kuka-101°F)
• Ukwanda okwesikhashana kokulala

Lezi zimo ezivamile ezibangelwa imithi zivame ukuba yizimpawu zokuthi amasosha omzimba engane yakho ayasabela ngendlela efanele emgomeni. Kufanele zinyamalale phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-2-3 ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Kunesinye isimo esingavamile kodwa esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-intussusception, lapho ingxenye yamathumbu ingena kwenye ingxenye njenge-telescope. Lokhu kwenzeka cishe ku-1-5 kwizilinganiso eziyi-100,000 ezinikeziwe. Qaphela ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuhlanza, igazi esitulweni, noma ukukhala okungavamile okuzayo nokuhamba.

Uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo, ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, noma igazi esikhwameni sengane yakho, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha. Ngenkathi izimo ezinzima zingavamile kakhulu, kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhlola uma ukhathazekile.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole Umgomo we-Rotavirus?

Umgomo we-rotavirus awufanele bonke abantwana. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobuyekeza umlando wezempilo wengane yakho ngaphambi kokunikeza umgomo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uphephile kubo.

Abantwana abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha akufanele bathole lo mgomo. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukucatshangelwa impilo yamasosha omzimba, ngoba lo ngumgomo ophilayo ongase udale izinkinga ezinganeni ezinokuvikeleka okubuthakathaka.

Nazi izimo eziyinhloko lapho umgomo we-rotavirus okufanele unganikezwa khona:

• Abantwana abanokuntuleka kwamandla okuzivikela emzimbeni (i-SCID) noma ezinye izifo ezinzima zamasosha omzimba
• Izingane ezithatha imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba
• Abantwana abake baba nokusabela okukhulu komzimba emthini owawuthathwe ngaphambilini
• Izinsana ezinomlando we-intussusception
• Abantwana abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-8

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzophinda acabangele ukuhlehlisa umgomo uma ingane yakho inesifo esiphakathi nendawo noma esibi esinomkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezibandayo ezilula noma umkhuhlane ophansi ngokuvamile akuvimbeli ukugonywa.

Izinsana ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngokuvamile zingathola umgomo we-rotavirus ngokuvumelana neminyaka yazo yokuqala, hhayi iminyaka yazo elungisiwe. Udokotela wezingane zakho uzoqoka isikhathi esingcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezimweni zomntwana wakho ngamunye kanye nesimo sokukhishwa esibhedlela.

Amagama Omkhiqizo Womgomo We-Rotavirus

Kukhona imigomo emibili ye-rotavirus etholakala e-United States, yomibili isebenza ngokulinganayo ekuvikeleni isifo esibi se-rotavirus. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqoka ukuthi iyiphi okufanele isetshenziswe ngokusekelwe ekuthandeni komtholampilo wabo kanye nokutholakala.

I-RotaTeq yenziwa yi-Merck futhi idinga imithamo emithathu enikezwa eneminyaka emi-2, 4, kanye ne-6. Lo mgomo uvikela ezinhlotsheni ezinhlanu ezihlukene ze-rotavirus ezivame ukubangela isifo esibi ezinganeni.

I-Rotarix yenziwa yi-GlaxoSmithKline futhi idinga imithamo emibili kuphela enikezwa eneminyaka emi-2 kanye ne-4. Lo mgomo uvikela ohlotsheni oluvamile lwe-rotavirus futhi unikeza ukuvikelwa okuphambanayo kwezinye izinhlobo.

Yomibili imigomo ihlolwe kabanzi futhi ikhombisa amazinga okusebenza afanayo. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuvame ukuncika kulwazi lomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kanye nezintandokazi zeshejuli yokugoma yomtholampilo wakho.

Ezinye Izindlela Zomgomo We-Rotavirus

Njengamanje, azikho ezinye izindlela zokugoma ezivikela ku-rotavirus. Imigomo emibili ye-rotavirus etholakalayo iyizindlela kuphela eziqinisekisiwe zokuvimbela lokhu kugula kwasebuntwaneni okubi ngokugoma.

Ngaphambi kokuba imigomo itholakale, indlela eyinhloko ye-rotavirus yayiwukuphatha izimpawu ngemuva kokuthi ukutheleleka kwenzeka. Lokhu kusho ukuphatha isifo sohudo esibi nokuhlanza ngamanzi futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngenxa yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka njengokugeza izandla njalo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukusabalala kwe-rotavirus, kodwa ayikwazi ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngokuphelele. I-Rotavirus idluliselwa kalula futhi ingasinda ezindaweni isikhathi eside, okwenza ukuhlanzeka kuphela kunganele ukuvikela.

Abanye abazali babuza ngomzimba oqine ngokwemvelo ovela ekunceliseni. Ngenkathi ubisi lwebele lunikeza ukuvikeleka okuthile, aluphelele, futhi izingane eziningi ezinceliswayo zithola izifo ezinzima ze-rotavirus. Ukugonywa kunikeza ukuvikeleka okuthembeke kakhulu.

Ingabe Umgomo we-Rotavirus Ungcono Kunezivikelo Zokwemvelo?

Umgomo we-rotavirus unikeza ukuvikeleka okuphephe kakhulu kunokuthola ukuzivikela kwemvelo ngokutheleleka kwangempela. Ngenkathi ukutheleleka kwemvelo kungahlinzeka ngokuzivikela, kuza nezingozi ezinkulu ezivinjwa ukugonywa.

Ukutheleleka kwemvelo nge-rotavirus kubangela izimpawu ezinzima ezihlanganisa isifo sohudo esiningi, ukuhlanza, nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okungaba yingozi ekuphileni kwezingane. Izingane eziningi zidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela, futhi ezinye zingase zithuthukise izinkinga ezinzima noma zize zife ngenxa yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu.

Umgomo udala ukuzivikela ngaphandle kokubangela lezi zimpawu eziyingozi. Ingane yakho ithola ukuvikeleka ku-rotavirus ngaphandle kokuzwa isifo sohudo esibi, ukuhlanza, nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okuhambisana nokutheleleka kwemvelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzivikela kwemvelo ekuthelelekeni nge-rotavirus akuhlali kuphelele. Izingane zingathola i-rotavirus izikhathi eziningi, nakuba izifo ezilandelayo zivame ukuba ngaphansi kobukhulu. Umgomo unikeza ukuvikeleka okubanzi ezinhlotsheni eziningi ze-rotavirus.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nomgomo we-Rotavirus

Ingabe Umgomo we-Rotavirus Uphephile Ezinganeni Ezizalwe Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi?

Yebo, umgomo we-rotavirus ngokuvamile uphephile ezinganeni ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi eziphilayo ngokwezokwelapha. Umgomo unikezwa ngokwemiqulu yobudala, hhayi iminyaka elungisiwe, ngakho ingane ezalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi izothola umthamo wayo wokuqala cishe ezinyangeni ezi-2 ngemva kokuzalwa.

Udkt wakho wezingane uzohlola impilo yengane yakho ezalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphambi kokunikeza umgomo. Uma ingane yakho isalaliswe esibhedlela noma inezinkinga zezokwelapha eziqhubekayo, isikhathi singase silungiswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izingane ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi zisabela kahle emgomeni we-rotavirus futhi zithuthukisa ukuzivikela okuhle. Njengoba izingane ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi zisenobungozi obukhulu bezinkinga ezinzima ezivela ekuthelelekeni nge-rotavirus, ukugonywa kubaluleke kakhulu kuzo.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ingane yami ithola ngengozi umgomo owengeziwe we-Rotavirus?

Uma ingane yakho ithola ngengozi umthamo owengeziwe womgomo we-rotavirus, ungangeni ekuqeqesheni. Ngenkathi lokhu kungalungile, akuyona ingozi futhi ngeke kulimaze ingane yakho.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze abazise ngalokho okwenzekile. Bangabuyekeza amarekhodi okugoma engane yakho futhi banqume ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini okudingeka kulungiswe eshedyulini yokugoma.

Qapha ingane yakho ukuze uthole imiphumela emincane ejwayelekile efana nokukhathala noma izitulo ezixekile, ezingase zibonakale kakhulu ngomthamo owengeziwe. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga ezinkulu ezivela ekutholeni umgomo omningi kakhulu akuvamile.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ingane yami iphuthelwa umthamo womgomo we-Rotavirus?

Uma ingane yakho iphuthelwa umthamo ohleliwe womgomo we-rotavirus, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uhlele kabusha. Uchungechunge lomgomo ludinga ukuqedwa ngaphambi kokuba ingane yakho ifike ezinyangeni eziyi-8 ubudala.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqoka isikhathi esingcono kakhulu somthamo ophuthelwe ngokuya ngeminyaka yengane yakho yamanje nokuthi yimuphi umthamo ophuthelwe. Bangakwazi ukubamba ngeshejuli elungiswe kancane.

Ungaqali kabusha uchungechunge lomgomo uma ingane yakho iphuthelwa umthamo. Kunalokho, qhubeka nomthamo olandelayo ochungechungeni. Isikhala phakathi kwemithamo singalungiswa kancane, kepha inani eliphelele lemithamo edingekayo lihlala linjalo.

Ngingayeka nini ukukhathazeka nge-Rotavirus ngemuva kokugonywa?

Ingane yakho izoba nokuvikeleka okuhle ku-rotavirus ngamasonto angama-1-2 ngemuva kokuqeda uchungechunge lomgomo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuvikeleka okugcwele kuthuthukiswa ngemuva komthamo wokugcina, kungaba ngumthamo wesibili noma wesithathu ngokuya ngomgomo owasetshenziswa.

Ukuvikeleka emgomeni we-rotavirus kuhlala iminyaka eminingi, cishe kuze kube ngumuntu omdala. Iningi lezingane ngeke lidinge imijovo eyengeziwe, futhi i-rotavirus iba yingozi encane njengoba izingane zikhula.

Khumbula ukuthi umgomo uvimbela iningi lezifo ezinzima ze-rotavirus kodwa kungenzeka ungaqedi zonke izifo ezilula. Uma ingane yakho egonyiwe ithola i-rotavirus, cishe izoba lula kakhulu kunokuba ibe ngaphandle kokugonywa.

Ingabe Ingane Yami Ingaqala Ukuthola I-Rotavirus Emgomweni?

Ingane yakho ayikwazi ukuthola isifo esibi se-rotavirus emgomweni ngoba iqukethe amagciwane abuthakathaka angakwazi ukubangela isifo esibi ezinganeni ezinempilo. Kodwa-ke, izingane ezigonyiwe zingakhipha amanani amancane e-virus yomgomo endleni yazo izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokugonywa.

Lokhu kukhishwa kwe-virus ngokuvamile akuyona into ekhathazayo emndenini onempilo. Kodwa-ke, uma othile emndenini wakho enesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka kakhulu, xoxa ngalokhu nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuba ingane yakho ithole umgomo.

I-virus yomgomo ibuthakathaka kakhulu kune-rotavirus yasendle futhi ayivamile ukubangela noma yiziphi izimpawu. Uma ingane yakho ithuthukisa isifo sohudo oluncane ngemuva kokugonywa, ngokuvamile kuba mfushane futhi kulula kakhulu kunokuthi ukutheleleka kwe-rotavirus kwangempela kungaba.