Yini i-Sacubitril kanye ne-Valsartan: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Sacubitril kanye ne-valsartan kuyinhlanganisela yemithi yenhliziyo esiza inhliziyo yakho ukuba ipompe igazi ngempumelelo enkulu. Le mithi esebenza ngezindlela ezimbili isebenza ngokukhulula imithambo yakho yegazi futhi isize inhliziyo yakho ukuba ibhekane kangcono noketshezi, okwenza kube lula ukuba inhliziyo yakho ebuthakathaka yenze umsebenzi wayo.

Udkt wakho angase akunikeze le mithi uma unesifo senhliziyo, isimo lapho inhliziyo yakho ilwela ukumpompa igazi elanele ukuze lihlangabezane nezidingo zomzimba wakho. Yenzelwe ukukusiza ukuba uzizwe ungcono, uhlale ngaphandle kwesibhedlela, futhi uphile isikhathi eside nesifo senhliziyo.

Yini i-Sacubitril kanye ne-Valsartan?

I-Sacubitril kanye ne-valsartan ihlanganisa imithi emibili ehlukene yenhliziyo ibe yipilisi elilodwa. Cabanga ngayo njengendlela yokusebenzisana lapho imithi ngayinye ibhekana nesifo senhliziyo ngendlela ehlukile ukuze ikunike imiphumela engcono kunanoma iyiphi ingayenza yodwa.

I-Sacubitril isebenza ngokuvimba i-enzyme eqeda izinto eziwusizo emzimbeni wakho. Lezi zinto ngokwemvelo zisiza inhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi ukuba zisebenze kangcono. I-Valsartan ingeyeqembu elibizwa ngokuthi ama-ARB (angiotensin receptor blockers) asiza ukukhulula imithambo yakho yegazi.

Le nhlanganisela ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-ARNI, okusho ukuthi i-angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor. Igama lomkhiqizo ongase ulazi yi-Entresto, nakuba izinhlobo ezivamile zitholakala.

Isetshenziselwani i-Sacubitril kanye ne-Valsartan?

Le mithi isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okungamahlala-khona kubantu abadala. Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo akusho ukuthi inhliziyo yakho iyekile ukusebenza, kodwa kunalokho ukuthi ayipompi kahle njengoba kufanele.

Udkt wakho ngokuvamile uzokunikeza lokhu uma unesifo senhliziyo esinenani elincishisiwe lokukhipha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi igumbi elikhulu lokumpompa lenhliziyo yakho (i-ventricle yesobunxele) alicindezeli ngokuqinile ngokwanele ukumpompa igazi elanele emzimbeni wakho.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela basebenzisa lo muthi ezinganeni ezithile ezinenhliziyo ebuthaka, nakuba lokhu kungavamile. Ithimba lakho labanakekeli bezempilo lizinqumela ukuthi lo muthi ulungele uhlobo lwakho oluthile lwesimo senhliziyo.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Sacubitril ne-Valsartan?

Lo muthi usebenza ngendlela ekhaliphile ephindwe kabili ebhekana nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo ngamakhona amabili abalulekile. Kubhekwa njengomuthi wenhliziyo olungile ongathuthukisa kakhulu indlela inhliziyo yakho esebenza ngayo.

Ingxenye ye-sacubitril ivimba i-enzyme ebizwa nge-neprilysin, evame ukwephula izinto eziwusizo emzimbeni wakho. Ngokuvimba le enzyme, izinto eziningi eziwusizo zihlala zisebenza isikhathi eside. Lezi zinto zisiza imithambo yakho yegazi ukuthi iphumule, zinciphise ukugcinwa kwamanzi, futhi zinciphise umsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-valsartan ivimba izamukeli ze-hormone ebizwa nge-angiotensin II. Le hormone ngokuvamile yenza imithambo yakho yegazi iqine futhi itshele umzimba wakho ukuthi ubambe usawoti namanzi. Ngokuvimba le miphumela, i-valsartan isiza imithambo yakho yegazi ukuthi ihlale iphumule futhi inciphisa ukwakheka kwamanzi.

Ngokuhlangene, lezi zenzo zisiza inhliziyo yakho ukuba iphamphe ngempumelelo kuyilapho kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kulesi sitho esibalulekile. Abantu abaningi baqala ukuzwa izinzuzo phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa, nakuba imiphumela ephelele ingathatha izinyanga eziningana ukuthi ithuthuke.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Sacubitril ne-Valsartan?

Kufanele uthathe lo muthi ngendlela enembile njengoba udokotela wakho ekunqumele ngayo, ngokuvamile kabili ngosuku ngaphandle kokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Ukuwuthatha ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke kusiza ukugcina amazinga aqhubekayo ohlelweni lwakho.

Ungathatha la maphilisi ngamanzi, ubisi, noma ijusi, noma yini ozizwa ukhululekile ngayo. Uma uhlangabezana nesisu esibuhlungu, ukuwuthatha nokudla kungasiza. Akukho sidingo esithile sokudla, ngakho-ke ungalungisa ngokuya ngomsebenzi wakho wansuku zonke nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke kunokuthi uwachoboze, uwahlafune, noma uwaphule. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola umthamo ofanele nokuthi umuthi usebenza njengoba kuhloswe ngayo. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, khuluma nomphathi wakho wamaphilisi ngezinketho.

Udkt wakho cishe uzoqala ngomthamo ophansi bese ewunyusa kancane kancane emasontweni amaningana. Le ndlela yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo isiza umzimba wakho ukuthi ujwayele umuthi futhi inciphisa ithuba lokuba nemiphumela emibi efana nesiyezi noma umfutho wegazi ophansi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Sacubitril ne-Valsartan?

Lo muthi ngokuvamile ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside okuzodingeka uqhubeke ngaso unomphela. Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kuyisimo esingamahlalakhona, futhi ukuyeka lo muthi ngokuvamile kusho ukulahlekelwa izinzuzo ozinikezayo ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo yakho.

Abantu abaningi badinga ukuthatha lo muthi impilo yabo yonke ukuze bagcine ngcono izimpawu zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Udkt wakho uzokuhlola njalo ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi uyaqhubeka nokusebenza kahle futhi alungise umthamo uma kudingeka.

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodkt wakho kuqala. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela ukuthi izimpawu zakho zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo zibuye noma zibe zimbi. Uma udinga ukuyeka nganoma yisiphi isizathu, udkt wakho uzokwenza uhlelo lokwenza kanjalo ngokuphepha.

Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukuphumula emuthini uma beba nemiphumela emibi ethile, kodwa lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokusiza ukuthi ulinganise izinzuzo nezingozi zokuqhubeka nokwelashwa.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Emibi ye-Sacubitril ne-Valsartan?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-sacubitril ne-valsartan kungabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini ongayilindela kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka kakhulu ngokwelashwa kwakho.

Imiphumela eseceleni evame kakhulu ongase uhlangabezane nayo ihlanganisa isiyezi, umfutho wegazi ophansi, amazinga e-potassium aphakeme, nokukhwehlela. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngoba umuthi usebenza ukushintsha indlela inhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi ezisebenza ngayo.

Nawa amanye emiphumela eseceleni evame kakhulu abantu abayibikayo:

• Isiyezi noma ukuzizwa unovalo, ikakhulukazi uma usukuma
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi (hypotension)
• Amazinga e-potassium andisiwe egazini lakho
• Ukukhwehlela okungapheli
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele kunokujwayelekile
• Ushintsho ekusebenzeni kwezinso

Le miphumela eseceleni ejwayelekile ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa.

Kukhona neminye imiphumela eseceleni engavamile kodwa ebucayi edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Nakuba lokhu kungenzeki kaningi, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Isiyezi esikhulu noma ukuquleka
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho, izindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo (angioedema)
• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukugwinya
• Isicanucanu esikhulu noma ukuhlanza
• Ubuthakathaka obungavamile noma izinkinga zemisipha
• Izimpawu zezinkinga zezinso njengokuncipha komchamo noma ukuvuvukala

Lezi zimpendulo ezinzima azivamile, kodwa zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwakho futhi kulungiswe ukwelashwa kwakho ngendlela efanele.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe i-Sacubitril ne-Valsartan?

Lo muthi awulungelwe wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuwubhala. Ezinye izimo zikwenza kungaphephile noma kungasebenzi kahle ukusebenzisa.

Akufanele uthathe lo muthi uma unokungezwani komzimba ne-sacubitril, valsartan, noma ezinye izithako eziqukethwe emaphilisi. Uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu komzimba okungalungile kuma-ACE inhibitors noma kuma-ARB esikhathini esidlule, lo muthi kungenzeka ungakuphephile nawe.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha badinga ukugwema lo muthi ngokuphelele:

• Umlando we-angioedema (ukuqubuka okukhulu) ngama-ACE inhibitors noma ama-ARB
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukuhlela ukukhulelwa
• Isifo sezinso esibi noma ukwehluleka kwezinso
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi kakhulu
• Amazinga aphezulu e-potassium angalawuleki
• Ezinye izimo ezingavamile zofuzo ezithinta ukumuncwa kwemithi

Lezi zimo zingenza umuthi ube yingozi noma zivimbele ukuthi ungasebenzi kahle, ngakho ukwelashwa okuhlukile kungaba izinqumo ezingcono.

Udokotela wakho uzophinda aqaphele kakhulu uma unesifo sikashukela, izinkinga zezinso eziphakathi nendawo, isifo sesibindi, noma uma uthatha eminye imithi ethile. Lezi zimo akudingeki ukuthi zikhiphe ukwelashwa, kodwa zidinga ukuqapha okuseduze futhi mhlawumbe ukulungiswa komthamo.

Amagama e-Brand ka-Sacubitril kanye ne-Valsartan

Igama elaziwa kakhulu leli qembu lemithi yi-Entresto, ekhiqizwa yi-Novartis. Le yiyona nguqulo yokuqala eyavunyelwa futhi isaqhubeka iyona efundiswa kakhulu.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-sacubitril kanye ne-valsartan manje ziyatholakala kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene. Lezi ziqukethe izithako ezifanayo ezisebenzayo ngamanani afanayo njengenguqulo yegama lomkhiqizo, kodwa zingase zibukeke zihlukile futhi zibize kancane.

Ikhemisi lakho lingase lithathe indawo yenguqulo ejwayelekile ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ebhalela ngqo ukuthi "igama lomkhiqizo kuphela" emiyalweni yakho. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zisebenza ngendlela efanayo futhi zinomphumela ofanayo wokwelapha ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Sacubitril kanye ne-Valsartan

Uma i-sacubitril kanye ne-valsartan kungakulungile, eminye imithi yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo ingasiza ekuphatheni isimo sakho. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ezinye izindlela ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile kanye nomlando wezokwelapha.

Izithiyo ze-ACE ezifana ne-lisinopril noma i-enalapril zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo futhi zisebenza ngendlela efana nengxenye ye-valsartan. Ama-ARB afana ne-losartan noma i-candesartan enye inketho evimba izamukeli ezifanayo ne-valsartan.

Eminye imithi yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo udokotela wakho angase ayicabangele ihlanganisa:

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• Ama-Beta-blockers afana ne-metoprolol noma i-carvedilol
\n
• Ama-Diuretics (amaphilisi amanzi) ukunciphisa ukwakheka koketshezi
\n
• Ama-Aldosterone antagonists afana ne-spironolactone
\n
• Imithi emisha efana ne-SGLT2 inhibitors
\n
• I-Digoxin yezinhlobo ezithile zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo
\n

Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo kuhilela ukuhlanganisa imithi ehlukene eminingana ukuze kutholwe imiphumela engcono kakhulu. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola inhlanganisela efanele elawula izimpawu zakho ngenkathi inciphisa imiphumela emibi.

Ingabe i-Sacubitril ne-Valsartan Ingcono Kune-Lisinopril?

Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi i-sacubitril ne-valsartan ngokuvamile isebenza kahle kakhulu kune-ACE inhibitors efana ne-lisinopril ekwelapheni ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ngesilinganiso esincishisiwe sokukhipha. Le mithi ehlanganisiwe iboniswe ukunciphisa ukulaliswa esibhedlela futhi ithuthukise ukusinda ngaphezu kwe-ACE inhibitors yodwa.

Ucwaningo olukhulu lwezempilo olwaholela ekuvunyelweni kwalo muthi lwathola ukuthi abantu abathatha i-sacubitril ne-valsartan babenengozi ephansi ngama-20% yokufa ngenxa yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abathatha i-ACE inhibitor. Futhi babenezikhathi ezimbalwa zokulaliswa esibhedlela ngenxa yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.

Noma kunjalo,

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Sacubitril kanye ne-Valsartan

Ingabe i-Sacubitril kanye ne-Valsartan Iphephile Ezigulini Zezifo Zezinso?

Lo muthi ungasetshenziswa ngokucophelela kubantu abanezifo zezinso ezingathí sina noma eziphakathi nendawo, kodwa kudingeka ukuqapha okucophelelayo. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho njalo ngoba umuthi ngezinye izikhathi ungathinta ukuthi izinso zakho zisebenza kahle kangakanani.

Uma unezifo zezinso ezinzima noma ukuhluleka kwezinso, lo muthi ngokuvamile awunconyelwe. Inhlanganisela ingenza ukusebenza kwezinso kube kubi kakhulu kwabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi uma uphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni noma uthatha eminye imithi ethile.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizohlola izivivinyo zakho zegazi ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni zokuqala zokwelashwa. Uma ukusebenza kwezinso zakho kuba kubi kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuthi balungise umthamo wakho noma bashintshele komunye umuthi.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngiphuzile Kakhulu i-Sacubitril kanye ne-Valsartan Ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uphuza kakhulu lo muthi, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuphuza kakhulu kungabangela ukwehla kwengcindezi yegazi okuyingozi, isiyezi, ukuquleka, noma izinkinga zezinso.

Ungazami ukuzelapha ngokweqile ngokuphuza uketshezi olwengeziwe noma ukulala phansi. Imiphumela yomuthi omningi kakhulu ingaba yimbi futhi idinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. Shayela izinsiza eziphuthumayo uma uzizwa unesiyezi esikhulu, awukwazi ukuhlala uqaphele, noma unezinkinga zokuphefumula.

Ukuvimbela ukweqisa ngengozi, sebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi bese usetha izikhumbuzi ocingweni lwakho. Gcina umuthi wakho ebhodleleni lawo lokuqala elinamalebula acacile, futhi ungalokothi uthathe imithamo eyengeziwe ukuze "ulungise" lezo eziphuthelwe.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngiphuthelwe Umthamo we-Sacubitril kanye ne-Valsartan?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, wuthatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho yokulinganisa ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo owuphuthelwe. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi umfutho wegazi lakho wehle kakhulu futhi kukwenze uzizwe unesiyezi noma uzoquleka. Imithamo emibili ingakhuphula ingozi yakho yeminye imiphumela emibi.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, zama ukusetha ama-alamu ocingo, usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi, noma uthathe imithi yakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nomunye umsebenzi wansuku zonke njengokuxubha amazinyo akho. Ukuthatha imithi ngokuqhubekayo kusiza ukuthi imithi isebenze ngempumelelo.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Sacubitril ne-Valsartan?

Akufanele uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kuyisimo esingamahlalakhona esivame ukudinga ukwelashwa impilo yakho yonke, futhi ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela ukuthi izimpawu zakho zibuye noma zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho angase acabange ukuyeka noma ukushintsha imithi yakho uma uba nemiphumela emibi engathi sína, uma ukusebenza kwezinso zakho kuba kubi kakhulu, noma uma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo yakho kuthuthuka kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinqumo kufanele zenziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokubambisana nethimba lakho lezempilo.

Uma udinga ukuyeka ukuhlinzwa noma ezinye izinqubo zezokwelapha, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile mayelana nokuthi uyeke nini nokuthi uqale nini kabusha. Bangase futhi banikeze imithi ehlukile ongayisebenzisa okwesikhashana.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Sacubitril ne-Valsartan?

Kungcono ukukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi, njengoba utshwala bungakhuphula imiphumela yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi futhi kukwenze uzizwe unesiyezi noma unomuzwa wokukhanya ekhanda. Amanani amancane otshwala ngokuvamile alungile kubantu abaningi, kodwa ukulinganisela kubalulekile.

Utshwala bungase futhi benze izimpawu zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo zibe zimbi futhi ziphazamise ukusebenza kahle komuthi wakho. Uma unenhliziyo ehlulekayo, udokotela wakho cishe usevele uxoxe ngokukhawulela utshwala njengengxenye yohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa olujwayelekile.

Xoxa nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi yiluphi utshwala, uma bukhona, obuphephile kuwe. Bangakunika iseluleko esiqondene nawe ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile, eminye imithi, kanye nesimo sempilo yakho esiphelele.