Yini i-Salmeterol: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Salmeterol iyisithuthukisi esisebenza isikhathi eside esisiza ukugcina imigudu yakho yomoya ivulekile amahora angafika kwayi-12. Kuyimithi kadokotela esebenza ngokukhulula imisipha ezungeze imigudu yakho yomoya, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula. Le mithi ephefumulwayo ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya nokuphatha isifo sokuvinjelwa kwamaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (COPD), kodwa ayenzelwe ukukhululeka okusheshayo ezimweni eziphuthumayo zokuphefumula.

Yini i-Salmeterol?

I-Salmeterol ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-long-acting beta2-agonists (LABAs). Cabanga ngayo njengomuthi wokugcinwa osebenza ngemuva kwezigcawu ukuze ugcine imigudu yakho yomoya ikhululekile futhi ivulekile. Ngokungafani nama-inhalers okusindisa anikeza ukukhululeka ngokushesha, i-salmeterol isebenza kancane kancane futhi inikeza ukuvikelwa okuqhubekayo ezinkingeni zokuphefumula.

Umuthi uza njenge-dry powder inhaler futhi wenzelwe ukuthi usetshenziswe kabili ngosuku. Iqala ukusebenza ngemizuzu engu-10-20 kodwa ifinyelela umphumela wayo ogcwele ngemuva kwehora elilodwa. Imiphumela yokuvikela ingahlala amahora angafika kwayi-12, yingakho ngokuvamile imiselwe ukusetshenziswa ekuseni nakusihlwa.

Yini i-Salmeterol Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Salmeterol ngokuyinhloko imiselwe ukuvimbela izimpawu zesifuba somoya kanye nokuqubuka kwe-COPD. Ilusizo ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezinkinga zokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca noma ebusuku. Udokotela wakho angase ancome i-salmeterol uma unezimpawu zesifuba somoya ezivame ukwenzeka naphezu kokusebenzisa eminye imithi yokulawula.

Umuthi ulusizo ikakhulukazi ku-exercise-induced bronchospasm, lapho umsebenzi womzimba ubangela ukuncipha kwemigudu yomoya. Uma isetshenziswa cishe imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca, i-salmeterol ingasiza ekuvikeleni izinkinga zokuphefumula ngesikhathi nangemva komsebenzi womzimba. Ivame futhi ukumiselwa abantu abane-COPD abadinga ukusekelwa kwemigudu yomoya yesikhathi eside.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela: i-salmeterol akufanele isetshenziswe njengomuthi wokusiza ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yisifuba. Isebenza kancane kakhulu ukuhlinzeka ngokusheshisa okudingayo ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo zokuphefumula. Njalo gcina i-inhaler esheshayo yokusiza ngesandla ngezimpawu ezingazelelwe.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Salmeterol?

I-Salmeterol isebenza ngokugxila kuma-receptors athile emisipha yakho yomoya ebizwa ngokuthi ama-beta2-adrenergic receptors. Lapho umuthi ubopha kula ma-receptors, utshela imisipha ezungeze imigudu yakho yomoya ukuthi iphumule futhi ihlale iphumule isikhathi eside. Lokhu kwenza indawo eyengeziwe yomoya ukuthi ugeleze ngokukhululeka ungene futhi uphume emaphashini akho.

Umuthi uthathwa njengonamandla ngokulinganisela phakathi kwama-bronchodilators asebenza isikhathi eside. Yenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokuqhubekayo, ukuvulwa komoya okungaguquki kunokukhululeka okukhulu, kwesikhashana. Lokhu kuyenza ilungele ukuvimbela izinkinga zokuphefumula kunokuzelapha uma zenzeka.

Ngokungafani nama-bronchodilators asebenza isikhashana ahlala amahora angu-4-6, imiphumela ye-salmeterol ihlala amahora angafika kwangu-12. Umuthi futhi unezindawo ezilwa nokuvuvukala ezingasiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala komoya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nakuba lokhu kungewona umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Salmeterol?

I-Salmeterol kufanele iphuthwe ngqo njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho, ngokuvamile kabili ngosuku cishe ngamahora angu-12 ahlukene. Ishejuli ejwayelekile kakhulu umthamo owodwa ekuseni kanye nomunye kusihlwa. Zama ukuthatha imithamo yakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo ohlelweni lwakho.

Ungathatha i-salmeterol ngaphandle kokudla, njengoba ukudla kungayithinti ngokuphawulekayo indlela umuthi osebenza ngayo. Nokho, abanye abantu bakuthola kuwusizo ukugeza imilomo yabo ngamanzi ngemva kokusebenzisa i-inhaler ukuze bavimbele ukucasuka komphimbo. Ungawagwinyi amanzi okugeza - vele uhlikihle bese uwakhipha.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-inhaler yakho, qiniseka ukuthi uyaqonda indlela efanele. Bamba i-inhaler iqonde phezulu, phephetha umoya ngokugcwele, bese ubeka izindebe zakho ngomlomo bese uphefumula kakhulu, ngokuqinile ngenkathi ucindezela i-inhaler. Bamba umoya wakho imizuzwana eyi-10 uma kungenzeka, bese uphefumula kancane.

Uma usebenzisa eminye imithi ephefumulwayo, ngokuvamile kukhona ukulandelana okuthile okufanele kulandelwe. Ngokuvamile, uzosebenzisa i-inhaler yakho yokuhlenga kuqala uma kudingeka, ulinde imizuzu embalwa, bese usebenzisa i-salmeterol. Hlala uhlola nodokotela wakho mayelana nokulandelana okulungile kwemithi yakho ethile.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Salmeterol?

I-Salmeterol ngokuvamile imiselwe njengomuthi wokugcinwa wesikhathi eside, okusho ukuthi cishe uzoyisebenzisa izinyanga noma iminyaka kunamaviki ambalwa nje. Isikhathi esiqondile sincike esimweni sakho esiyisisekelo nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani ekwelashweni. Abantu abaningi abanesifuba somoya noma i-COPD badinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kwe-bronchodilator ukuze baphathe izimpawu zabo ngempumelele.

Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza njalo ukwelashwa kwakho ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi i-salmeterol iseyindlela efanele kuwe. Lokhu kungabandakanya izivivinyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu, ukuhlolwa kwezimpawu, nezingxoxo mayelana nekhwalithi yempilo yakho. Uma ukuphefumula kwakho kube kuzinzile izinyanga eziningana, udokotela wakho angase acabangele ukulungisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-salmeterol ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokubonisana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungaholela ekubhebhethekeni kwezimpawu noma ukwanda kwengozi yezinkinga ezinkulu zokuphefumula. Uma udinga ukuyeka umuthi, udokotela wakho uzokwenza uhlelo lokunciphisa kancane kancane umthamo wakho noma ashintshele kokunye ukwelashwa.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Salmeterol?

Abantu abaningi bayayibekezelela kahle i-salmeterol, kodwa njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Ukuqonda okukulindele kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka ngokwengeziwe ngokwelashwa kwakho futhi wazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ngokuvamile imnene futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu noma isiyezi esincane
• Ukuvuvukala komphimbo noma ukuminyana
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukuthuthumela okuncane, ikakhulukazi ezandleni
• Ukukhathazeka noma ukuzizwa unovalo
• Ukuminyana kwemisipha noma ubuhlungu
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukulala kanzima noma amaphupho acacile

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela lapho uqala ukwelashwa futhi ngokuvamile ziyanyamalala emasontweni ambalwa. Uma ziqhubeka noma ziba yinkinga, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokulungiswa okungenzeka ekwelashweni kwakho.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Isiyezi esikhulu noma ukuquleka
• Ukuqina kwezinkinga zokuphefumula
• Ukuphendula komzimba ngendlela engavamile njengokuqubuka, ukuvuvukala, noma ukugwinya kanzima
• Izimpawu zikashukela ophezulu (ukwanda komzwelo wokoma, ukuchama, noma ukulamba)
• Amazinga aphansi e-potassium abangela ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukuminyana

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína zingabandakanya i-paradoxical bronchospasm, lapho imithi empeleni yenza ukuphefumula kube kubi kunokuba kube ngcono. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ngomthamo wokuqala futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela engokwengqondo efana nokukhathazeka, ukungazinzi, noma izinguquko zemizwa. Lokhu akuvamile kodwa kungaba buhlungu uma kwenzeka. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angasiza ekutholeni ukuthi le miphumela ihlobene yini nemithi yakho.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole i-Salmeterol?

I-Salmeterol ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile zezempilo noma izimo zingase zikwenze kungaphephile ukuyisebenzisa. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyalela le mithi.

Akufanele uthathe i-salmeterol uma unokungezwani komzimba ne-salmeterol uqobo noma yiziphi izithako ezikuyi-inhaler. Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba zingabandakanya ukuqubuka, ukuluma, ukuvuvukala, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula ngemva kokusebenzisa umuthi. Abantu abanokungezwani komzimba okwaziwayo emithini efanayo (amanye ama-LABA) kufanele futhi bagweme i-salmeterol.

Izimo eziningana zezokwelapha zidinga ukuqapha okukhethekile noma zingakuvimbela ukuthi usebenzise i-salmeterol ngokuphepha:

• Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezihlanganisa ukushaya okungajwayelekile, isifo semithambo yenhliziyo, noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Ukuphazamiseka kokuhlaselwa noma isithuthwane
• Isifo sikashukela, njengoba i-salmeterol ingathinta amazinga kashukela egazini
• Izifo ze-thyroid, ikakhulukazi i-thyroid esebenza ngokweqile
• Isifo sezinso noma sesibindi esibi kakhulu
• Amazinga e-potassium aphansi egazini lakho

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile. Nakuba i-salmeterol ingase idingeke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uma izinzuzo zidlula izingozi, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukukuqapha ngokucophelela. Umuthi ungangena obisini lwebele, ngakho omama abancelisayo kufanele baxoxe ngezingozi nezinzuzo nomhlinzeki wabo wezempilo.

Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-4 ubudala akufanele zisebenzise i-salmeterol, njengoba ukuphepha nokusebenza kungakahlolwa ezinganeni ezincane kakhulu. Abantu abadala bangase babe nobucayi obengeziwe emiphumeleni emibi futhi bangase badinge ukulungiswa komthamo noma ukuqapha okuningi.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Salmeterol

I-Salmeterol itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningana omkhiqizo, i-Serevent iyona efaneleka kakhulu njengoba iyisithako esisodwa. Lokhu kuza njenge-inhaler yempushana eyomile eletha umthamo olinganisiwe we-salmeterol ngokusebenzisa ngakunye. Ezinye izinhlelo zomshuwalense zingase zihlanganise amanye amabhrendi kangcono kunamanye, ngakho kufanelekile ukuxoxa ngezinketho nomphathi wakho wemithi.

Uzothola futhi i-salmeterol ihlanganiswe neminye imithi yesifuba somoya emikhiqizweni efana ne-Advair (salmeterol kanye ne-fluticasone). Lezi zithuthisi ezihlanganisiwe zingaba lula uma udinga kokubili i-bronchodilator esebenza isikhathi eside kanye ne-corticosteroid ehlotshisiwe. Udokotela wakho uzoqaphela ukuthi ngabe umkhiqizo owodwa noma ohlanganisiwe uncono yini ngezidingo zakho ezithile.

Izinhlobo ze-generic ze-salmeterol ziyatholakala futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinhlobo zegama lomkhiqizo. Isithako esisebenzayo siyafana, yize idivayisi yokuphefumula ingase ibukeke yehlukile kancane. Uma izindleko zikhathaza, buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ngezinketho ze-generic ezingaba ngcono.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Salmeterol

Ezinye izindlela ze-salmeterol zikhona uma lo muthi ungakulungeli noma unganikezi ukulawulwa okwanele kwezimpawu. Ezinye izithuthisi ze-bronchodilators ezisebenza isikhathi eside zifaka i-formoterol, esebenza ngendlela efanayo kodwa inokuqala okusheshayo kancane. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukushintsha uma udinga ukukhululeka okusheshayo noma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi nge-salmeterol.

Kubantu abanesifuba somoya, ama-corticosteroids ahlotshisiwe njenge-fluticasone noma i-budesonide angase anconywe esikhundleni noma ngaphezu kwe-salmeterol. Le mithi isebenza ngendlela ehlukile ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala emoyeni wakho kunokumane iphumulele imisipha ezungezile.

Imithi emisha efana ne-tiotropium (esetshenziswa ikakhulukazi nge-COPD) noma izithuthisi ezihlanganisiwe ezifaka izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-bronchodilators zingase zifaneleke ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile. Abanye abantu bayazuza kuma-leukotriene modifiers afana ne-montelukast, esebenza ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha, nendlela yokuphila lapho encoma ezinye izindlela. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuthola umuthi olungile kuhilela ukuzama izinketho ezahlukene ukuze ubone ukuthi yini esebenza kahle esimweni sakho esithile.

Ingabe i-Salmeterol ingcono kune-Albuterol?

I-Salmeterol ne-albuterol zisebenzela izinhloso ezihlukene futhi azikwazi ukuqhathaniswa ngqo njengoba zisetshenziselwa izimo ezihlukene. I-Albuterol iyikhambi elisebenza ngokushesha elinikeza ukukhululeka okusheshayo ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya noma ubunzima bokuphefumula obungazelelwe. I-Salmeterol iyikhambi lokugcinwa elisebenza isikhathi eside elivimbela izimpawu ukuthi zingenzeki.

Cabanga nge-albuterol njengomuthi wakho ophuthumayo - usebenza ngemizuzu kodwa uhlala amahora angu-4-6 kuphela. I-Salmeterol ifana kakhulu nokuvikelwa kwakho kwansuku zonke - kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuqala ukusebenza kodwa inikeza kuze kufike emahoreni angu-12 okumboza. Abantu abaningi abanesifuba somoya badinga zombili izinhlobo zemithi ukuze balawule kahle.

Ngokuqondene nokusebenza kahle, yomibili imithi ihamba phambili kulokho eyenzelwe ukukwenza. I-Albuterol iphakeme ekukhululekeni ngokushesha ngoba isebenza ngokushesha. I-Salmeterol ingcono ekuvikeleni izimpawu ngenxa yesikhathi sayo eside sokusebenza. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzonikeza zombili uma unesifuba somoya esiphakathi nendawo kuya kwesibi.

Ukukhetha phakathi kokusebenzisa i-salmeterol yodwa noma ngokuhlangana neminye imithi kuncike ekuqineni kwezimpawu zakho kanye nemvamisa. Uma usebenzisa i-albuterol ngaphezu kwamasonto amabili ngesonto, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukwengeza i-salmeterol noma enye imithi esebenza isikhathi eside ohlelweni lwakho lokwelapha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Salmeterol

Ingabe i-Salmeterol iphephile ezigulini ezinokugula kwenhliziyo?

I-Salmeterol idinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela uma unesifo senhliziyo, kodwa akusho ukuthi akuphephile ngokuzenzakalelayo. Umuthi ungase uthinte izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho nomfutho wegazi, ngakho udokotela wakho uzodinga ukulinganisa izinzuzo ngokumelene nezingozi ezingaba khona. Abantu abanezimo zenhliziyo ezilawulwa kahle bangase bakwazi ukusebenzisa i-salmeterol ngokuphepha ngokuqapha okufanele.

Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo nodokotela wamaphaphu kufanele basebenzisane ukuze banqume ukuthi i-salmeterol ilungele yini wena. Bangase batusa ukuqala ngomthamo ophansi noma ukusebenzisa imithi ehlukile ngokuya ngesimo sakho senhliziyo esithile. Ukuqapha njalo ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho nomfutho wegazi kungase kudingeke.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngisebenzisa i-Salmeterol eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-salmeterol eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ngokushesha ukuze uthole isiqondiso. Izimpawu zokweqisa zingabandakanya ukuthuthumela okukhulu, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, isiyezi, noma isicanucanu. Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi izimpawu ziyavela yini - kungcono ukuthola iseluleko ngokushesha.

Uma kwenzeka izimpawu ezinzima njengobuhlungu besifuba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, funa usizo lwezempilo oluphuthumayo ngokushesha. Letha i-inhaler yakho nawe ukuze abahlinzeki bezempilo bazi kahle ukuthi imuphi umuthi nomthamo owuthathile. Ukweqisa okuningi ngengozi nge-inhalers kulula, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kungcono ukuphepha.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Salmeterol?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-salmeterol, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle kokuthi sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungandisa ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi.

Zama ukugcina isikhathi esifanayo nemithamo yakho ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu. Ukusetha ama-alamu ocingweni noma ukugcina i-inhaler yakho endaweni ebonakalayo kungakusiza ukuthi ukhumbule. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngamasu okuthuthukisa inqubo yakho yemithi.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Salmeterol?

Kufanele uyeke ukuthatha i-salmeterol ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela wakho kuphela, ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono. Isifuba somoya kanye ne-COPD yizimo ezingamahlalakhona ezidinga ukuqhubeka zithuthukiswa, futhi ukuyeka imithi yakho kungazelelwe kungaholela ekubuyeni kwezimpawu noma ukuba zimbi. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukusebenza kwamaphaphu akho nokulawulwa kwezimpawu ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko.

Uma ube ngaphandle kwezimpawu isikhathi eside, udokotela wakho angase acabange ukwehlisa ukwelashwa kwakho kancane kancane. Le nqubo ihlanganisa ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpawu zakho azibuyi. Abanye abantu bangase bakwazi ukunciphisa umthamo wabo noma bashintshele kweminye imithi, kanti abanye badinga ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa isikhathi eside.

Ngingayisebenzisa i-Salmeterol Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa?

I-Salmeterol ingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uma izinzuzo zidlula izingozi ezingaba khona, kodwa lesi sinqumo kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Isifuba somoya esingalawulwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa singaba yingozi enkulu kumama nomntwana kunomuthi uqobo. Udokotela wakho uzokuqapha ngokucophelela uma i-salmeterol inikezwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa noma uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe ngenkathi uthatha i-salmeterol, xoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu. Bangase bafune ukulungisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa noma ukwandisa ukuqapha ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho nempilo yengane yakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.