Yini i-Saquinavir: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Saquinavir iyimithi kadokotela esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukutheleleka nge-HIV kubantu abadala kanye nezingane. Ingaphansi kohlobo lwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-protease inhibitors, asebenza ngokuvimba i-enzyme edingwa yi-HIV ukuze iphindaphindeke futhi isabalale emzimbeni wakho.

Le mithi isize abantu abane-HIV ukuthi baphile impilo enempilo iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili. Uma isetshenziswa njengengxenye yokwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe neminye imithi ye-HIV, i-saquinavir inganciphisa kakhulu inani legciwane egazini lakho futhi isize ukuqinisa amasosha akho omzimba.

Yini i-Saquinavir?

I-Saquinavir iyimithi elwa namagciwane eyenzelwe ngqo ukulwa nokutheleleka nge-HIV. Kwakungenye yama-protease inhibitors okuqala avunyelwe ukwelashwa kwe-HIV futhi iseyindlela ebalulekile ekunakekelweni kwe-HIV namuhla.

Umuthi usebenza ngokugxila kuphrotheni ethile esetshenziswa yi-HIV ukudala amakhophi amasha awo. Ngokuvimba le phrotheni, i-saquinavir isiza ukunciphisa ikhono legciwane lokuzala nokulimaza amasosha akho omzimba. Cabanga ngayo njengokubeka ibhuleki enqubweni yokwanda kwegciwane.

I-Saquinavir ihlala isetshenziswa ngokuhlangana neminye imithi ye-HIV, hhayi yodwa. Le ndlela, ebizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-antiretroviral noma i-CART, iyindlela ejwayelekile yokwelapha i-HIV ngoba ihlasela igciwane ngamakhona amaningi.

Yini i-Saquinavir Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Saquinavir inikezwa ukwelapha ukutheleleka nge-HIV-1 kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezinobunzima obungama-kilogramu angama-25 noma ngaphezulu. Iyingxenye yohlelo lokwelapha olubanzi oluhlose ukulawula igciwane nokulivimbela ukuthi lingaqhubeki liye e-AIDS.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome i-saquinavir uma uqala ukwelashwa kwe-HIV okokuqala noma uma udinga ukushintsha kwenye imithi ngenxa yemiphumela emibi noma ukumelana. Umgomo uwukunciphisa umthwalo wakho wegciwane uze ufinyelele emazingeni angabonakali, okusho ukuthi igciwane lisakhona kodwa lisemazingeni aphansi kangangokuthi izivivinyo ezijwayelekile azikwazi ukulilinganisa.

Uma umthwalo wakho we-viral ungabonakali, ungaqhubeka nempilo ejwayelekile futhi ngeke udlulisele i-HIV kozakwethu bezocansi. Lo mqondo, owaziwa ngokuthi "okungabonakali kulingana nokungadluliseli" noma i-U=U, uguqule indlela esicabanga ngayo ngokwelashwa nokuvinjelwa kwe-HIV.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Saquinavir?

I-Saquinavir isebenza ngokuvimba i-HIV protease, i-enzyme esebenza njengezikele ze-molecular enqubweni yokuzala kabusha yegciwane. Ngaphandle kwale enzyme, i-HIV ayikwazi ukuhlanganisa kahle izinhlayiya ezintsha zegciwane, okunciphisa kakhulu ukutheleleka.

Lapho i-HIV ithelela amaseli akho, ithatha imishini yakho yeselula ukwenza amakhophi ayo. Ngesikhathi sale nqubo, igciwane lenza uchungechunge olude lwamaprotheni okudingeka lunqunywe lube yizicucu ezincane, ezisebenzayo. I-HIV protease yenza lo msebenzi wokunquma, kodwa i-saquinavir ingena futhi ivimbele i-enzyme ukuthi ingasebenzi kahle.

Ngenxa yalokho, igciwane likhiqiza izinhlayiya ezingasebenzi ezingakwazi ukuthelela amaseli amasha. Lokhu kunika amasosha akho omzimba ithuba lokululama futhi alwele ukulwa nokutheleleka. I-Saquinavir ithathwa njengomuthi we-HIV olungile osebenza kahle uma ihlanganiswe neminye imithi elwa negciwane.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Saquinavir?

Thatha i-saquinavir ngendlela eqondile udokotela wakho ayalela ngayo, ngokuvamile kabili ngosuku ngokudla. Umuthi usebenza kahle uma kukhona ukudla esiswini sakho, njengoba lokhu kusiza umzimba wakho ukuba umunce umuthi ngempumelelo.

Kufanele uthathe i-saquinavir kungakapheli amahora amabili ngemva kokudla ukudla okugcwele, hhayi nje ukudla okulula. Ukudla kusiza ukwandisa inani lomuthi olungena egazini lakho. Uma uyithatha esiswini esingenalutho, umzimba wakho ungase ungamunci umuthi owanele ukulwa ne-HIV ngempumelelo.

Njalo thatha i-saquinavir ne-ritonavir, omunye umuthi we-HIV osiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-saquinavir. Le nhlanganisela, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi "saquinavir/ritonavir," iqinisekisa ukuthi i-saquinavir ihlala esimisweni sakho isikhathi eside futhi isebenza ngempumelelo ngokumelene negciwane.

Zama ukuthatha imithamo yakho ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo omuthi egazini lakho. Ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi kungakusiza ukuthi uhlale emgqeni ngeshejuli yakho yokuthatha imithi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Saquinavir?

Kuzodingeka uthathe i-saquinavir impilo yakho yonke njengengxenye yohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa nge-HIV. Ukwelashwa nge-HIV kuyisibopho sesikhathi eside ngoba igciwane lihlala emzimbeni wakho ngisho nalapho licindezelwe emazingeni angatholakali.

Ukuyeka i-saquinavir noma yimuphi umuthi we-HIV kuvumela igciwane ukuthi liphinde liphindaphindeke, okungenzeka kuholele ekumelaneni nemithi kanye nokuqhubeka kwesifo. Ngisho noma uzizwa uphilile ngokuphelele, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokuthatha imithi yakho njengoba kunqunyiwe.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile okulinganisa umthwalo wakho wegciwane kanye nenani le-CD4. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukunquma ukuthi imithi isebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukulungiswa okudingekayo ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa.

Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukushintshela kweminye imithi ye-HIV ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yemiphumela emibi, ukusebenzisana kwemithi, noma ukumelana. Kodwa-ke, umgomo uhlala ukugcina ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo ngemithi esebenzayo egcina igciwane licindezelwe.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Saquinavir?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-saquinavir ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Imiphumela eminingi emibi iyaphathwa futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa.

Nansi imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole ngenkathi uthatha i-saquinavir:

• Isicanucanu nokukhathazeka kwesisu
• Ukuqunjelwa noma izitulo ezixekile
• Ukucindezeleka
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele
• Ushintsho ekunambithekeni
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okuncane

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuba mnene futhi zivame ukuthuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuthatha i-saquinavir nokudla kungasiza ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi ehlobene nesisu.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi kakhulu kodwa engavamile edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha:

• Ukungezwani okukhulu komzimba okunezinduna, ukuvuvukala, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Izinkinga zesibindi, okuhlanganisa i-hepatitis
• Ushintsho lwesigqi senhliziyo
• Ukuqunjelwa okukhulu okungathuthuki
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile noma ukulimala
• Ubuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi yale miphumela emibi. Bangasiza ekutholeni ukuthi ngabe izimpawu zihlobene yini nemithi futhi balungise ukwelashwa kwakho uma kudingeka.

Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe-saquinavir kungase futhi kuholele kwezinye izinguquko ze-metabolic, okuhlanganisa izinguquko emazingeni e-cholesterol, ushukela wegazi, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamafutha omzimba. Ukuqapha njalo kusiza ukubamba nokulawula lezi zinguquko ekuqaleni.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe I-Saquinavir?

I-Saquinavir ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile zezokwelapha noma imithi ingase yenze kungaphephile ukuthi uyisebenzise. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyalela le mithi.

Akufanele uthathe i-saquinavir uma unokungezwani komzimba nemithi noma yiziphi izithako zayo. Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba zihlanganisa izinduna, ukuluma, ukuvuvukala, isiyezi esikhulu, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo kufanele basebenzise i-saquinavir ngokucophelela okukhulu noma bayigweme ngokuphelele. Imithi ingathinta umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho, okungenzeka ukuthi idale izinkinga eziyingozi zesigqi kubantu abasengozini.

Nawa amanye amazwi lapho i-saquinavir ingase inganconywa:

• Isifo sesibindi esibi noma ukwehluleka kwesibindi
• Izinkinga ezithile zesigqi senhliziyo
• Ukuthatha imithi ethile esebenzisana ngendlela eyingozi ne-saquinavir
• Isifo sezinso esibi
• Umlando we-QT interval ende ku-ECG

Uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, xoxa ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wakho. Ngenkathi ukwelapha i-HIV ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubalulekile, udokotela wakho angase akhethe eminye imithi ye-HIV enemininingwane yokuphepha eyengeziwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Njalo tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, izithasiselo, nemikhiqizo yamakhambi oyithathayo, njengoba i-saquinavir ingasebenzisana neminye imithi eminingi.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Saquinavir

I-Saquinavir itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Invirase. Lena yifomula ye-saquinavir evame ukunqunywa futhi iza ngesimo samaphilisi okufanele asetshenziswe ngomlomo.

Ngaphambilini kwakukhona enye ifomula ebizwa nge-Fortovase, kodwa le nguqulo ayisatholakali. I-Invirase manje iyifomula ejwayelekile esetshenziswa ekwelashweni kwe-HIV.

Izinhlobo ze-saquinavir ezivamile nazo zingase zitholakale, kuye ngendawo yakho nomshuwalense. Umuthi wakho wemithi angakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo oyitholayo futhi aqinisekise ukuthi uthatha ifomula efanele.

Ezinye Izindlela ze-Saquinavir

Eminye imithi eminingi ye-HIV ingasebenza njengezinye izindlela ze-saquinavir, kuye ngezidingo zakho ezithile nesimo sezempilo. Ukwelashwa kwe-HIV yesimanje kunikeza izinketho eziningi eziphumelelayo ezingase zibe lula noma zibekezeleleke kangcono.

Ezinye izithiyo ze-protease ezisebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-saquinavir zihlanganisa i-darunavir, i-atazanavir, ne-lopinavir. Le mithi ivimba leyo enzyme efanayo ye-HIV kodwa ingase ibe namaphrofayili ahlukene emiphumeleni noma amashejuli okulinganisa.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi acabangele imithi evela emakilasini ahlukene emithi, njengezithiyo ze-integrase njenge-dolutegravir noma i-raltegravir, noma izithiyo ze-reverse transcriptase ezingezona ze-nucleoside njenge-efavirenz noma i-rilpivirine.

Imithi eminingi emisha ye-HIV itholakala ekuhlelweni kwethebhulethi eyodwa ehlanganisa imithi eminingi ibe iphilisi elilodwa elithathwa kanye ngosuku. Lezi zinketho zingase zibe lula kunokuthatha amaphilisi amaningi kabili ngosuku, okungase kuthuthukise ukunamathela ekwelashweni.

Ingabe i-Saquinavir Ingcono Kunezinye Imithi ye-HIV?

I-Saquinavir yayiyinto entsha ngesikhathi yokuqala ivunywa, kodwa imithi ye-HIV entsha ivame ukunikeza izinzuzo mayelana nokulula, imiphumela emibi, kanye nokusebenzisana kwemithi. "Umuthi ongcono kakhulu" we-HIV uncike ezimweni zakho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, kanye nezintandokazi zakho.

Uma iqhathaniswa nezithiyo ze-protease ezintsha njenge-darunavir, i-saquinavir idinga ukulinganiswa okuvame kakhulu futhi inamathuba amaningi okusebenzisana kwemithi. Kodwa-ke, isahlala siyindlela esebenzayo kubantu abangakwazi ukuthatha eminye imithi ngenxa yokumelana noma ukungezwani komzimba.

Iziqondiso zokwelashwa ze-HIV zanamuhla ngokuvamile zincoma imithi emisha njengezinketho zokuqala ngoba zivame ukubekezeleleka kalula futhi zikahle. Kodwa-ke, i-saquinavir isenendawo ekunakekelweni kwe-HIV, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanolwazi oluningi lokwelashwa noma ukumelana nemithi.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengendlela yakho yokumelana negciwane, eminye imithi oyithathayo, imiphumela emibi engaba khona, kanye nendlela yakho yokuphila lapho ekhetha umuthi ongcono kakhulu we-HIV kuwe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Saquinavir

Ingabe i-Saquinavir Iphephile Kubantu Abanezifo Zesibindi?

I-Saquinavir idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela kubantu abanezifo zesibindi, njengoba umuthi ucubungulwa yisibindi futhi ungase uqhubekisele phambili izinkinga zesibindi. Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuhlola ubunzima besimo sakho sesibindi ngaphambi kokubhala i-saquinavir.

Uma unezifo zesibindi ezilula, udokotela wakho angase akubhalele i-saquinavir kodwa uzoqapha ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho ngokucophelela ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile. Abantu abanezifo zesibindi ezinzima noma ukuhluleka kwesibindi ngokuvamile abakwazi ukuthatha i-saquinavir ngokuphepha.

Njalo yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yimuphi umlando we-hepatitis, isifo sesibindi, noma ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kotshwala. Bangase badinge ukulungisa umthamo wakho noma bakhethe umuthi we-HIV ohlukile ophephe kakhulu esibindini sakho.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngiphuzile i-Saquinavir Engaphezu Kwemithamo Ngengozi?

Uma ngabe uthatha i-saquinavir eningi ngengozi kunaleyo oyinikiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha i-saquinavir eningi kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi izinkinga zokushaya kwenhliziyo.

Ungazami ukulungisa ukweqisa ngokweqa umthamo wakho olandelayo. Kunalokho, buyela esimisweni sakho esijwayelekile sokuthatha imithi njengoba uqondiswe ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Bangase bafune ukukuqapha eduze noma benze ezinye izivivinyo ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi uphephile.

Gcina i-saquinavir esitsheni sayo sokuqala bese uyigcina ngokuphepha kude nezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo. Ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukweqisa ngengozi ngokwenza kucace ukuthi ngabe usuwuthathile yini umthamo wakho wansuku zonke.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Saquinavir?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-saquinavir, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, uma nje kungaphakathi kwamahora angu-6 esikhathi sakho somthamo esihleliwe. Uma sekudlule amahora angaphezu kwangu-6, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe ngesikhathi esijwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe umthamo ophindwe kabili ukuze ulungise lowo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Ukuphuthelwa imithamo ngezikhathi ezithile ngeke kukulimaze ngokushesha, kodwa zama ukuthatha imithi yakho njalo ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ugcine ukucindezelwa kwe-HIV okusebenzayo.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngamasu okuthuthukisa ukunamathela. Bangase baphakamise ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone, abahleli bamaphilisi, noma nokushintshela kwenye indlela yokwelapha i-HIV okulula ukuyikhumbula.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Saquinavir?

Akufanele uyeke ukuthatha i-saquinavir ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukwelashwa kwe-HIV kungokwempilo yonke, futhi ukuyeka imithi kungaholela ekubuyeni kwegciwane, ukumelana nemithi, kanye nokuqhubeka kwesifo.

Udktora wakho angase ancome ukushintsha kusuka ku-saquinavir uye emuthini ohlukile we-HIV uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela engathandeki, ukuxhumana kwemithi, noma uma izinketho ezintsha, ezilula zitholakala. Kodwa-ke, uzodinga ukushintshela ngqo emuthini omusha ngaphandle kwegebe ekwelashweni.

Noma ngabe umthwalo wakho wegciwane awutholakali futhi uhlala ngaleyo ndlela iminyaka eminingi, uzodinga ukuqhubeka nokuthatha imithi ye-HIV. Igciwane lihlala emzimbeni wakho emithonjeni lapho imithi yamanje ingakwazi ukuliqeda ngokuphelele.

Ngingawuthatha yini u-Saquinavir neminye imithi?

I-Saquinavir ingaxhumana neminye imithi eminingi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukutshela udktora wakho ngakho konke okuthathayo, okuhlanganisa imithi kadokotela, imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta, kanye nezithasiselo.

Eminye imithi ingakhuphula amazinga e-saquinavir egazini lakho, okungenzeka ukuthi kubangele imiphumela emibi eyingozi. Abanye banganciphisa ukusebenza kwe-saquinavir, okuvumela i-HIV ukuthi iphindaphindeke. Udktora wakho angase adinge ukulungisa imithamo noma akhethe eminye imithi ukuze agweme lokhu kuxhumana.

Imithi ejwayelekile exhumana ne-saquinavir ihlanganisa ama-antibiotics athile, imithi elwa nesikhunta, imithi yenhliziyo, kanye neminye imithi yokucindezeleka. Hlala uhlola nodktora wakho noma usokhemisi ngaphambi kokuqala noma imuphi umuthi omusha ngenkathi uthatha i-saquinavir.