Yini i-SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine (Pfizer): Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

Umuthi wokugomela i-Pfizer COVID-19 ngumuthi wokugomela i-mRNA osiza ukuvikela ekuguleni okukhulu okuvela ku-COVID-19. Isebenza ngokufundisa amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi aqaphele futhi alwe negciwane elibangela i-COVID-19, linike umzimba wakho isiqalo uma uke wavezwa entweni yangempela.

Lo muthi wokugomela uhlolwe ngokucophelela futhi wavunywa yiziphathimandla zezempilo emhlabeni wonke. Umele ukuthuthuka okukhulu kubuchwepheshe bomuthi wokugomela, usebenzisa i-messenger RNA ukuletha imiyalelo kumaseli akho ngokuphepha nangempumelelo.

Yini i-SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine (Pfizer)?

Umuthi wokugomela i-Pfizer COVID-19 ngumuthi wokugomela i-mRNA owenziwe yi-Pfizer-BioNTech ukuvimbela isifo se-COVID-19. I-mRNA imele i-messenger RNA, okuyilu hlobo lwento ephilayo enikeza amaseli akho imiyalelo yokuthi enze kanjani iphrotheni.

Lo muthi wokugomela uqukethe ucezu lwe-mRNA oluyala amaseli akho ukuthi enze ucezu olungenabungozi lwe-“spike protein” olutholakala ebusweni begciwane le-COVID-19. Uma amaseli akho esenza le phrotheni, amasosha akho omzimba ayayibona njengengaphandle futhi akhe ama-antibody okulwa nayo.

Umuthi wokugomela awuqukethe noma yiliphi igciwane eliphilayo futhi ngeke likunikeze i-COVID-19. Esikhundleni salokho, kufana nokukhombisa amasosha akho omzimba iphosta efunwayo yegciwane ukuze likwazi ukuliqaphela futhi lilwe nento yangempela kamuva.

Yini Umuthi Wokugomela i-Pfizer COVID-19 Osetshenziselwa Yona?

Umuthi wokugomela i-Pfizer COVID-19 usetshenziselwa ukuvimbela isifo se-COVID-19 kubantu abaneminyaka engu-6 nangaphezulu. Yenzelwe ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yokugula kakhulu, ukulaliswa esibhedlela, noma ukushona ngenxa ye-COVID-19.

Umuthi wokugomela ubaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni izakhamuzi ezisengozini, okuhlanganisa abadala nabantu abanezimo zezempilo ezingaphansi njengobhubhane lukashukela, isifo senhliziyo, noma amasosha omzimba anciphile. Noma ngabe uthola i-COVID-19 ngemuva kokugonywa, mancane amathuba okuthi uzwe izimpawu ezinzima.

Abasebenzi bezempilo, abasebenzi ababalulekile, kanye nabantu abavame ukuxhumana nabanye nabo bayazuza kakhulu kulokhu kuvikeleka. Umgomo usiza ukudala ukuzivikela komphakathi lapho abantu abaningi begonyiwe.

Isebenza Kanjani Umgomo we-Pfizer COVID-19?

Umgomo we-Pfizer usebenza ngokufundisa amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi aqaphele futhi alwe negciwane le-COVID-19. Kuthathwa njengomgomo osebenza kahle kakhulu, ngocwaningo olukhombisa ukusebenza kahle okungaphezu kuka-90% ekuvikeleni izifo ezinzima.

Uma uthola umgomo, i-mRNA ingena emangqamuzaneni emisipha yakho futhi iwayala ukuthi yakhe iphrotheni ye-spike. Amasosha akho omzimba abese eqaphela le phrotheni njengengaphandle futhi akhiqize ama-antibody futhi asebenzise amanye amasosha omzimba ukuthi alwe nayo.

Le nqubo idala inkumbulo yokuzivikela emzimbeni, okusho ukuthi umzimba wakho uyakhumbula ukuthi ungasilwa kanjani igciwane uma uhlangana nalo kamuva. I-mRNA ngokwayo iyabhidlika ngokushesha futhi ayihlali emzimbeni wakho isikhathi eside.

Umgomo ngokuvamile unikeza ukuvikeleka okuqinile kungakapheli amasonto amabili ngemva komthamo wakho wokugcina. Nokho, ukuzivikela emzimbeni kungancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yingakho kunconywa imithamo eyengeziwe.

Kufanele Ngiwuthathaphi Umgomo we-Pfizer COVID-19?

Umgomo we-Pfizer COVID-19 unikezwa njengomjovo emsipheni wengalo yakho engenhla. Akudingeki ukuthi uwuthathe nokudla noma amanzi njengoba unikezwa uchwepheshe wezempilo.

Ungadla ngokujwayelekile ngaphambi nangemva kokuqokwa kwakho kokugoma. Akudingeki ukuthi uzile ukudla noma ugweme ukudla okuthile. Nokho, kungumqondo omuhle ukuhlala unamanzi amaningi futhi ulale kahle ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwakho.

Umjovo ngokwawo uthatha imizuzwana embalwa nje, futhi uzoqashwa imizuzu engu-15-30 ngemva kwalokho ukuze ubuke noma yiziphi izindlela zokuphendula ngokushesha. Abantu abaningi bangabuyela emisebenzini yabo ejwayelekile ngemva nje kokugonywa kwabo.

Uma usebenzisa imithi ethile, ngokuvamile akudingeki ukuthi uyeke ukuyisebenzisa ngaphambi kokugonywa. Kodwa-ke, xoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkathazo nodokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa imithi yokunciphisa igazi noma imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani Umgomo We-Pfizer COVID-19?

Umgomo we-Pfizer COVID-19 unikezwa njengochungechunge lwemijovo kunokuba uthathwe ngokuqhubekayo njengemithi yansuku zonke. Uchungechunge lokuqala ngokuvamile luqukethe imithamo emibili enikezwa ngamaviki angu-3-8 ehlukene kubantu abaneminyaka engu-5 nangaphezulu.

Ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-6 izinyanga kuya kwengu-4 ubudala, uchungechunge oluyinhloko luqukethe imithamo emithathu. Umthamo wesibili unikezwa ngamaviki angu-3-8 ngemuva kowokuqala, futhi umthamo wesithathu unikezwa okungenani ngamaviki angu-8 ngemuva kowesibili.

Imithamo ye-booster incomwa ukugcina ukuvikeleka njengoba ukuzivikela komzimba kwehla ngokwemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abantu abaningi kufanele bathole umjovo we-booster ezinyangeni ezi-2-6 ngemuva kokuqeda uchungechunge lwabo oluyinhloko, kuye ngeminyaka yabo kanye nezici zengozi.

Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi unqume isikhathi esifanele semigomo yakho ngokusekelwe ezincomweni zamanje kanye nesimo sakho sempilo.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Yomgomo We-Pfizer COVID-19?

Abantu abaningi bathola imiphumela emincane kuya kwemaphakathi ngemuva kokuthola umgomo we-Pfizer COVID-19. Lezi empeleni yizimpawu ezinhle zokuthi amasosha akho omzimba ayasabela emgomweni futhi akha ukuvikeleka.

Imiphumela eseceleni evame kakhulu ongase uyithole ihlanganisa ubuhlungu, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova. Lezi zimo zendawo ngokuvamile zivela emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokugonywa futhi zixazululwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Ungase futhi uthole eminye imiphumela eseceleni ejwayelekile njengoba umzimba wakho wakha ukuzivikela:

• Ukukhathala noma ukudinwa
• Ikhanda
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha
• Amaqhwa
• Umkhuhlane
• Isicanucanu
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuqala phakathi nosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili ngemuva kokugonywa futhi ngokuvamile zihlala izinsuku eziyi-1-3. Zivame ukubonakala kakhulu ngemuva komthamo wesibili.

Nakuba kukhathaza, imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi ibikiwe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusabela okukhulu komzimba (i-anaphylaxis), okwenzeka cishe ezigamekweni eziyi-2-5 kumamiliyoni amadosi. I-Myocarditis ne-pericarditis (ukuqubuka kwemisipha yenhliziyo noma ukugqoka) kubikiwe, ikakhulukazi emadodeni amancane, kodwa lezi zigameko zivame ukuba mnene futhi zixazululwe ngokwelashwa.

Ngokungavamile kakhulu, abanye abantu bangase babe nokuvuvukala kwama-lymph node, okungahlala amasonto amaningana. Lokhu kuyindlela evamile yomzimba yokuzivikela kodwa kungase kudidaniswe nezinye izimo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole Umgomo we-Pfizer COVID-19?

Abantu abaningi bangathola umgomo we-Pfizer COVID-19 ngokuphepha, kodwa kunezinye izinto ezimbalwa. Akufanele uthole lo mgomo uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu komzimba kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomgomo noma kumthamo wangaphambilini.

Abantu abanomlando wokungezwani komzimba okukhulu nemigomo noma imithi ejovwayo kufanele baxoxe ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wabo. Ungase usakwazi ukuthola umgomo ngezinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuqapha.

Uma ugula njengamanje nge-COVID-19 noma unezimpawu, kufanele ulinde kuze kube yilapho usululame futhi uqedele isikhathi sakho sokuzihlukanisa ngaphambi kokugonywa.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha kufanele baxhumane nodokotela wabo ngaphambi kokugonywa:

• Labo abanezinhlelo zomzimba zokuzivikela ezikhubazekile
• Abantu abathatha imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba
• Abantu abanezifo ze-autoimmune
• Labo abanezinkinga zokuphuma kwegazi noma abathatha izinciphisi zegazi
• Abantu abanomlando wezinkinga zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi amadoda amancane acabanga ngengozi encane ye-myocarditis

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa akuyona imbangela yokugonywa. Eqinisweni, ukugonywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kokubili kumama nomntwana.

Amagama Omkhiqizo Womgomo we-Pfizer COVID-19

Umjovo we-Pfizer COVID-19 uthengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Comirnaty kubantu abaneminyaka engu-12 nangaphezulu. Kubantwana abaneminyaka engu-6 kuya ku-11, uyatholakala ngaphansi kwezindlela ezithile zezingane.

Ungase futhi uzwe kubizwa ngokuthi umjovo we-Pfizer-BioNTech, uqaphela zombili izinkampani ezihilelekile ekuthuthukisweni kwawo. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bangase futhi bawubize ngokuthi "umjovo we-Pfizer mRNA" noma "umjovo we-Pfizer COVID" nje.

Izindlela ezihlukene ziyatholakala zamaqembu ahlukene obudala, anamazinga ahlukene esithako esisebenzayo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ifomula efanele yobudala bakho.

Ezinye izindlela zokuthola umjovo we-Pfizer COVID-19

Eminye imijovo eminingana ye-COVID-19 iyatholakala njengezinye izindlela zokuthola umjovo we-Pfizer. Umjovo we-Moderna COVID-19 ungomunye umjovo we-mRNA osebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-Pfizer futhi unokuqina okufanayo.

Umjovo we-Johnson & Johnson (Janssen) COVID-19 usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile obubizwa ngokuthi i-viral vector. Ekuqaleni wanikezwa njengomthamo owodwa, nakuba manje kunconywa ama-booster.

Eminye imijovo efana ne-Novavax isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-protein subunit futhi ingase ibe yizinketho zabantu abangakwazi ukuthola imijovo ye-mRNA. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angakusiza ukuthi ukhethe inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho, izimo zempilo, nokutholakala.

Ezimweni eziningi, noma yimuphi umjovo we-COVID-19 ogunyaziwe ungcono kunokungabi nomjovo. Okubalulekile ukugonywa kunokulinda umkhiqizo othile.

Ingabe i-Pfizer ingcono kunomjovo we-Moderna COVID-19?

Noma yomibili imijovo ye-Pfizer ne-Moderna COVID-19 iyimijovo ye-mRNA esebenza kahle kakhulu enokusebenza okufana kakhulu. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi zombili zinikeza ukuvikelwa okuhle kakhulu ekuqineni kwe-COVID-19, ukulaliswa esibhedlela, nokufa.

Umehluko omkhulu mncane. I-Moderna ingase inikeze ukuzivikela okuhlala isikhathi eside, kuyilapho i-Pfizer inemininingwane ebanzi ezinganeni njengoba yayigunyazwe amaqembu amancane obudala kuqala.

Amaphrofayili emiphumela eseceleni afana kakhulu phakathi kwemithi yokugoma emibili, nakuba ezinye izifundo zikhomba ukuthi iModerna ingase ibangele ubuhlungu bengalo nokukhathala okuncane. Zombili zinomkhuba ofanayo ongavamile we-myocarditis emadodeni amancane.

Ngokombono ongokoqobo, umuthi wokugoma ongcono kakhulu yilowo otholakala kuwe uma uwudinga. Zombili ziyizinqumo ezinhle kakhulu, futhi akufanele ulinde ukugoma ukuze ulinde uhlobo oluthile.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nomuthi Wokugoma we-Pfizer COVID-19

Ingabe Umuthi Wokugoma we-Pfizer COVID-19 Uphephile Kubantu Abanesifo Sikashukela?

Yebo, umuthi wokugoma we-Pfizer COVID-19 uphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela futhi kubaluleke kakhulu kubo. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela babhekana nezingozi eziphakeme zezinkinga ezinzima ze-COVID-19, okwenza ukugoma kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze bavikeleke.

Umuthi wokugoma awuphazamisi ukulawulwa kukashukela egazini noma imithi yesifo sikashukela. Nokho, kufanele uqhubeke nokubheka amazinga akho kashukela egazini njengenjwayelo, njengoba ukucindezeleka ngenxa yokugula noma ukugoma ngezinye izikhathi kungathinta amazinga e-glucose okwesikhashana.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo mayelana nesikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokugoma kwakho, ikakhulukazi uma uke waba neziqephu zakamuva zikashukela ophezulu kakhulu noma ophansi.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngamukela Ngengozi Umuthi Wokugoma we-Pfizer COVID-19 Omningi Kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi wamukela umthamo owengeziwe womuthi wokugoma we-Pfizer COVID-19, ungangeni ekuqeqesheni. Nakuba lokhu kungakhuthazwa, ukuthola umthamo owengeziwe ngokuvamile akubangeli ukulimala okukhulu ngaphandle kwemiphumela eseceleni eqinile.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo noma indawo yokugoma ngokushesha ukuze ubike iphutha. Bazofuna ukukuqapha eduze ngenxa yemiphumela eseceleni futhi babhale isigameko.

Ungase uhlangabezane nemiphumela eseceleni ekhanyayo efana nokukhathala, ikhanda elibuhlungu, noma ubuhlungu bengalo, kodwa lokhu kufanele kulungiswe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Funani ukwelashwa uma uthuthukisa izimpawu ezinzima noma unezinkathazo.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo Womuthi Wokugoma we-Pfizer COVID-19?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo wakho wesibili ohlelelwe we-Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine, kufanele uyiqede ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Akudingeki ukuthi uqale kabusha uchungechunge, ngisho noma isikhathi esiningi sidlule.

I-CDC incoma ukuthola umthamo wakho wesibili phakathi kwamasonto angu-3-8 ngemuva komthamo wakho wokuqala ukuze uthole ukuvikeleka okuphelele, kodwa akukho isikhathi esiphezulu. Noma ngabe izinyanga zidlulile, ukuthola umthamo wesibili kuzokwenza ngcono ukuzivikela kwakho emzimbeni.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo noma indawo yokugoma ukuze uhlehlise i-aphoyintimenti yakho. Bangakusiza ukuthi ubuyele emgqeni ngohlelo lwakho lokugoma.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Pfizer COVID-19 Vaccine?

Ngokungafani nemithi yansuku zonke, i-Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine akuyona into othi "uyeke ukuyithatha." Esikhundleni salokho, uqeda uchungechunge lwakho oluyinhloko bese uthola imithamo ye-booster njengoba kunconywe iziphathimandla zezempilo.

Izincomo zamanje ziphakamisa ukuthola imithamo ye-booster ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kulondolozwe ukuvikeleka, njengoba ukuzivikela emzimbeni kwehla ngokwemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isikhathi esiqondile sincike eminyakeni yakho, isimo sempilo, kanye nesiqondiso samanje esivela eziphathimandleni zezempilo.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokusiza ukuthi uhlale unolwazi lwakamuva ngezincomo zamanje. Njengoba isimo sobhubhane sishintsha, isiqondiso mayelana nemvamisa ye-booster singashintsha.

Ngingayithola i-Pfizer COVID-19 Vaccine uma ngikhulelwe?

Yebo, i-Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine inconyelwa abantu abakhulelwe. Ukukhulelwa empeleni kwandisa ingozi yakho ye-COVID-19 enzima, okwenza ukugoma kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela wena nomntwana wakho.

Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi ukugoma i-COVID-19 ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuphephile futhi kungahlinzeka ngama-antibody kumntwana wakho nge-placenta nobisi lwebele. Lawa ma-antibody angasiza ukuvikela umntwana wakho osanda kuzalwa ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila kwakhe.

Xoxa ngesikhathi sokugoma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo, kodwa ngokuvamile ungalithola umgomo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngenkathi uncelisa.