Yini i-Sevelamer: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Sevelamer iyikhambi elibhalwe ngudokotela elisiza ukulawula amazinga aphezulu e-phosphorus egazini lakho, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo sezinso. Isebenza njengesiponji esiwusizo ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla, ibopha i-phosphorus evela ekudleni okudlayo ukuze umzimba wakho ungamunci kakhulu.

Lo muthi ubaluleke kakhulu lapho izinso zakho zingasebenzi kahle ngokwanele ukuhlunga i-phosphorus eningi ngokwemvelo. Ngokugcina amazinga e-phosphorus elinganiselwe, i-sevelamer isiza ukuvikela amathambo akho, inhliziyo, nemithambo yegazi ezinkingeni ezingase zibe khona.

Yini i-Sevelamer?

I-Sevelamer iyisibophi se-phosphate esingaphansi kwezigaba zemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-bile acid sequestrants. Ngokungafani nezinye izibophi ze-phosphate, ayiqukethe i-calcium noma i-aluminium, okwenza kube yindlela ephephe kakhulu yesikhathi eside kubantu abaningi abanezinkinga zezinso.

Lo muthi uza ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-sevelamer carbonate ne-sevelamer hydrochloride. Zombili zisebenza ngendlela efanayo, kodwa i-sevelamer carbonate ivame ukukhethwa ngoba mancane amathuba okuthi ibangele ukwakheka kwe-asidi emzimbeni wakho. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ifomu elifanele ngokuya ngezidingo zakho zempilo ezithile.

Isetshenziselwani i-Sevelamer?

I-Sevelamer ikakhulukazi ibhalwe ukwelapha amazinga aphezulu e-phosphorus kubantu abanesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona abase-dialysis. Lapho izinso zakho zingakwazi ukuhlunga kahle i-phosphorus egazini lakho, le mineral yakheka futhi ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo.

Amazinga aphezulu e-phosphorus angaholela esifweni samathambo, okwenza amathambo akho abuthakele futhi abe buhlungu. Kungabangela futhi ukuthi ama-calcium deposits akheke emithanjeni yakho yegazi, enhliziyweni, nezinye izicubu ezithambile, okwandisa ingozi yakho yezinkinga zenhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi.

Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bangase babhale i-sevelamer kubantu abanesifo sezinso abangakaqali i-dialysis kodwa abanamazinga aphezulu e-phosphorus aqhubekayo. Lo muthi usiza ukuvimbela izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Sevelamer?

I-Sevelamer isebenza ngokubopha ku-phosphorus emathunjini akho, ivimbela umzimba wakho ukuba ungayithathi. Cabanga ngayo njengozibuthe okhanga i-phosphorus ekudleni okudlayo, bese uyikhipha emzimbeni wakho ngendle yakho.

Lokhu kuthathwa njengomuthi olawula i-phosphorus olunamandla amaphakathi. Isebenza kahle kakhulu kulokho ekwenzayo, kodwa akuyona inketho enamandla kakhulu etholakalayo. Amandla empeleni ayinzuzo ngoba avumela ukulawula okungcono nemiphumela emibi embalwa uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela ezinamandla.

Umuthi awungeni egazini lakho, okusho ukuthi usebenza kuphela ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Lesi senzo sendawo senza ukuthi siphephe ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi kubantu asebenenkinga yokusebenza kwezinso.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Sevelamer?

Thatha i-sevelamer ngendlela eqondile udokotela wakho ayalela ngayo, ngokuvamile ngokudla. Isikhathi sokudla sibalulekile ngoba umuthi udinga ukuba khona esiswini sakho lapho i-phosphorus evela ekudleni kwakho ifika.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele. Ungawachobozi, uwahlafune, noma uwaqhekeze, ngoba lokhu kungaphazamisa indlela umuthi osebenza ngayo. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinketho ezihlukile.

Ungathatha i-sevelamer ngemithi eminye noma ngaphandle kwayo, kodwa yihlukanise okungenani ngehora elilodwa. Lokhu kuvimbela i-sevelamer ukuthi ingabophi eminye imithi yakho futhi yehlise ukusebenza kwayo. Umuthi wakho wemithi angakusiza ukuthi udale isimiso esisebenza kahle kakhulu emsebenzini wakho wemithi.

Ngokuvamile kuphephile ukuthatha ngokudla okuningi, kodwa zama ukugcina imikhuba yokudla eqhubekayo. Ukuba nezikhathi zokudla ezivamile kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi usebenza ngokuqhubekayo usuku ngalunye.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Sevelamer?

Abantu abaningi abanesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona badinga ukuthatha i-sevelamer isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile iminyaka eminingi noma impilo yabo yonke. Ubude besikhathi buxhomeke ekusebenzeni kwezinso zakho nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani emuthini.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha amazinga akho e-phosphorus njalo ngezivivinyo zegazi, ngokuvamile njalo ngenyanga ekuqaleni, bese kuba njalo uma amazinga akho esezinzile. Ngokuya ngemiphumela, bangase balungise umthamo wakho noma baxoxe ngokuthi ekugcineni ungawehlisa noma uyeke imithi.

Uma use-dialysis, cishe uzodinga ukuqhubeka nokuthatha i-sevelamer uma nje usathola ukwelashwa kwe-dialysis. Abanye abantu abathola ukufakelwa izinso bangase bakwazi ukuyeka ukuthatha ama-phosphate binders, kodwa lokhu kuxhomeke ekutheni izinso zabo ezintsha zisebenza kahle kangakanani.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Sevelamer?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-sevelamer ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ithinta uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla ngoba yilapho imithi isebenza khona.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ongase uhlangabezane nayo, ukhumbula ukuthi abantu abaningi bayawubekezelela lo muthi kahle:

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza, ikakhulukazi uma uqala ukuwuthatha
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukuqaqamba okujwayele ukuthuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukuqunjelwa, okuvame ukuba ngcono njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela
• Ukuqunjelwa, ikakhulukazi uma ungaphuphi amanzi anele
• Igesi nokuqumuka, okungakhululeki kodwa ngokuvamile kulula
• Ukushisa kwenhliziyo noma ukungagayeki kahle kokudla ngemva kokudla

Le miphumela emibi evamile ngokuvamile ithuthuka emasontweni ambalwa njengoba uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla luzivumela emuthini. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi nokudla ukudla okuncane, okuvame kakhulu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukungakhululeki.

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi ingenzeka, nakuba ithinta abantu abambalwa kakhulu. Lokhu kufaka ukuqunjelwa okukhulu okungaholela ekuvalekeni kwamathumbu, ikakhulukazi uma usuvele unezinkinga zokugaya ukudla. Abanye abantu bangase babe nobunzima bokugwinya noma izinhlungu ezinkulu zesisu ezingathuthuki.

Ngokungavamile kakhulu, i-sevelamer ingabangela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-metabolic acidosis, lapho igazi lakho liba ne-asidi kakhulu. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ngohlobo lwe-hydrochloride lomuthi futhi ngokuvamile kuvela njengokukhathala okungavamile, ukudideka, noma ukuphefumula okusheshayo.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Sevelamer?

I-Sevelamer ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile zempilo zenza kube yingozi. Abantu abanezinkinga ezinkulu zokugaya ukudla kufanele bagweme lo muthi ngoba ungenza izimpawu zabo zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Akufanele uthathe i-sevelamer uma unokuvaleka kwamathumbu noma ukuqunjelwa okukhulu, njengoba umuthi ungenza lezi zimo zibe zimbi kakhulu. Abantu abanomlando wokuhlinzwa okukhulu kokugaya ukudla noma isifo samathumbu okusha kufanele bahlolwe ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi.

Labo abanobunzima bokugwinya kufanele baqaphele, njengoba amaphilisi angase abangele ukuminyanisa noma abhajwe emqaleni. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, xoxa ngezindlela ezingezinye zokubopha i-phosphate nodokotela wakho.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo kufanele bathathe i-sevelamer kuphela uma izinzuzo zikhuphuka ngokusobala ezingozini. Ngenkathi umuthi ungangeni egazini, ungathinta ukumuncwa kwamavithamini abalulekile kanye nezakhamzimba ezidingwa umama nomntwana.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Sevelamer

Igama elivamile lomkhiqizo we-sevelamer yi-Renagel, equkethe i-sevelamer hydrochloride. Olunye uhlobo olutholakala kabanzi yi-Renvela, equkethe i-sevelamer carbonate futhi ivame ukukhethwa odokotela.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-sevelamer nazo ziyatholakala futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinhlobo ezinamagama omkhiqizo. Umshwalense wakho ungase ukhethe uhlobo olujwayelekile, olungasiza ukunciphisa izindleko zemithi yakho kakhulu.

Zombili izinhlobo ezinamagama omkhiqizo nezivamile zidinga incwadi kadokotela futhi ziza ngamandla ahlukene. Udokotela wakho uzoqoka ukuthi yiliphi ifomu namandla asebenza kahle kakhulu esimweni sakho esithile.

Ezinye Izindlela ze-Sevelamer

Ezinye izinto eziningi ezibopha i-phosphate ziyatholakala uma i-sevelamer ingakusebenzeli kahle noma idala imiphumela eminingi engemihle. Ngasinye isinye isinye sinenzuzo yaso kanye nezinto okufanele zicatshangelwe.

Izinto ezibopha i-phosphate ezisekelwe ku-calcium njenge-calcium acetate noma i-calcium carbonate zivame ukuzanywa kuqala ngoba azibizi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, zingadala ukwakheka kwe-calcium emithanjeni yakho yegazi, okwenza zingafaneleki ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

I-Lanthanum carbonate enye inketho engeyona i-calcium esebenza ngendlela efana ne-sevelamer. Ngokuvamile iyabekezeleleka kahle kodwa ingabiza kakhulu futhi ingase idale imiphumela eminingi engemihle ehlukene njengokuphazamiseka kwesisu noma ukunambitheka kwensimbi.

Izinto ezibopha i-phosphate ezisekelwe ku-iron njenge-ferric citrate zinikeza inzuzo eyengeziwe yokwelapha i-iron deficiency anemia, evame kubantu abanezifo zezinso. Udokotela wakho angasiza ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi enye indlela engasebenza kahle kakhulu ezidingweni zakho zempilo ezithile.

Ingabe i-Sevelamer Ingcono Kune-Calcium Acetate?

Kokubili i-sevelamer ne-calcium acetate zilawula ngempumelelo amazinga e-phosphorus, kodwa zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi zinezinzuzo ezihlukile. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuncike esimweni sakho sempilo kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa yesikhathi eside.

I-Sevelamer ngokuvamile ithathwa njengeyinhle ekusetshenzisweni isikhathi eside ngoba ayifaki i-calcium ohlelweni lwakho. Lokhu kuyenza iphephe emithanjeni yakho yegazi nenhliziyo, okuyizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele zicatshangelwe kubantu abanezifo zezinso asebevele besengozini enkulu yezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

I-calcium acetate, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ivame ukuba eshibhile futhi ingase ihlanganiswe kangcono ngumshwalense. Ingase futhi isize uma unamazinga aphansi e-calcium, nakuba le nzuzo iba yingozi uma amazinga akho e-calcium esejwayelekile noma ephezulu.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengamazinga akho e-calcium, impilo yenhliziyo, izinkinga zezindleko, nokuthi ukubekezelela kahle kangakanani imithi ngayinye lapho enza izincomo. Abantu abaningi bazama i-calcium acetate kuqala bese beshintshela ku-sevelamer uma amazinga e-calcium eba phezulu kakhulu.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Sevelamer

Ingabe i-Sevelamer iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela?

Yebo, i-sevelamer ngokuvamile iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela futhi ingase inikeze ezinye izinzuzo. Umuthi awuthinti ngokuqondile amazinga kashukela egazini, okwenza ukuthi ifaneleke ezigulini ezinomdlavuza wesifo sikashukela ezivame ukuba nezinkinga zezinso.

Ezinye izifundo zikhomba ukuthi i-sevelamer ingase isize ukuthuthukisa amazinga e-cholesterol futhi inciphise ukuvuvukala, okungaba usizo ikakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela abasengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo. Nokho, kufanele uqhubeke nokubheka ushukela wakho wegazi njalo futhi wazise udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa ukuthatha i-Sevelamer eningi?

Ukuthatha i-sevelamer eningi akunakwenzeka ukuthi kubangele izinkinga ezisongela impilo ngoba umuthi awumuncwa egazini lakho. Nokho, ungase uhlangabezane nemiphumela emibi yokugaya ukudla njengokuqina okukhulu kwamathumbu, ubuhlungu besisu, noma isicanucanu.

Uma uqaphela ukuthi uthathe okuningi, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuze uthole isiqondiso. Bangase batusa ukwandisa ukuthatha uketshezi lwakho futhi babheke izimpawu zokuqina kwamathumbu okukhulu. Ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze, ngoba lokhu ngeke kusize ukususa umuthi futhi kungase kubangele ezinye izinkinga.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Sevelamer?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, wuthatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, kodwa kuphela uma usuzodla ukudla. I-Sevelamer idinga ukuthathwa nokudla ukuze isebenze kahle, ngakho-ke ungawuthathi umthamo ophuthelwe esiswini esingenalutho.

Uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile. Ungawuthathi imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungandisa ingozi yakho yemiphumela engemihle ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngomvuzo owengeziwe.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Sevelamer?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-sevelamer ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wakho. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela amazinga akho e-phosphorus ukuthi anyuke ngokushesha, okungaholela ezinkingeni ezinjengezinkinga zamathambo noma ukufakwa kwe-calcium emithanjeni yakho yegazi.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha amazinga akho e-phosphorus njalo futhi anganciphisa kancane kancane umthamo wakho ngaphambi kokuyeka umuthi ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kuphela uma ukusebenza kwezinso zakho kuthuthuka kakhulu noma uma uthola ukufakelwa kwezinso okusebenza kahle.

Ngingayithatha i-Sevelamer neminye imithi?

I-Sevelamer ingaphazamisa ukumuncwa kweminye imithi, ngakho-ke isikhathi sibalulekile. Thatha eminye imithi yakho okungenani ihora elilodwa ngaphambi noma amahora amathathu ngemuva kokuthatha i-sevelamer ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isebenza kahle.

Eminye imithi edinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ihlanganisa ama-hormone e-thyroid, imithi yokulwa nokuhlaselwa, kanye nama-antibiotics athile. Umuthi wakho wemithi angakusiza ukuthi udale ishejuli yemithi eqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imithi yakho isebenza kahle ngenkathi igwema ukuxhumana okuyingozi.