Yini i-Tacrolimus: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Tacrolimus iyimithi enamandla yokucindezela amasosha omzimba esiza ukuvimbela umzimba wakho ukuthi ungawali amalungu omzimba atshalwe. Lo muthi oqoshwe ngudokotela usebenza ngokuthulisa impendulo yemvelo yamasosha omzimba wakho, ebalulekile kubantu abathola amalungu omzimba kodwa futhi ewusizo ezimweni ezithile ze-autoimmune.

Ungase uzizwe ukhungathekile uma uzwa ngemithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba, kodwa i-tacrolimus isize abantu abaningi ukuthi baphile impilo enempilo ngemva kokutshalwa kwamalungu omzimba. Ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani nokuthi yini ongayilindela kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka kakhulu ngohambo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Yini i-Tacrolimus?

I-Tacrolimus ingeyodwa yezinhlobo zemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-calcineurin inhibitors. Iwumuthi onamandla wokucindezela amasosha omzimba othi ngokuyisisekelo utshele amasosha omzimba wakho ukuthi azole futhi ayeke ukuhlasela izicubu ezinempilo.

Ekuqaleni yatholakala kusuka esikhuntini somhlabathi e-Japan, i-tacrolimus isibe omunye wemithi ebaluleke kakhulu emithini yokutshala amalungu omzimba. Lo muthi usebenza ezingeni leselula ukuvimbela amaseli amasosha omzimba ukuthi angasebenzi futhi abangele ukwaliwa.

Lo muthi ubhekwa njengonamandla kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa nezinye izinto ezicindezela amasosha omzimba. Udokotela wakho uzokuqapha eduze ngoba i-tacrolimus idinga ukulinganiswa okucophelelayo nokuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iyasebenza ngempumelelo ngaphandle kokulimaza.

Yini i-Tacrolimus Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Tacrolimus ikakhulukazi iqoshwa ukuthi ivimbele ukwaliwa kwamalungu omzimba ngemva kokutshalwa kwezinso, isibindi, noma inhliziyo. Uma uthola ilungu lomzimba elishintshiwe, amasosha omzimba wakho ngokwemvelo abona njengokungaziwa futhi azama ukulihlasela.

Ngaphandle komuthi wokutshala amalungu omzimba, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi baqopha i-tacrolimus ngezimo ezinzima ze-autoimmune. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezithile zesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo, i-eczema enzima, nezinye izimo lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela izicubu ezinempilo.

Umuthi usetshenziswa futhi emaconsini amehlo akhethekile esifo samehlo esomile kanye nokwelashwa kwesikhumba esibi. Udokotela wakho uzoqoka uhlobo olungcono kakhulu kanye nomthamo ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho zezokwelapha.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Tacrolimus?

I-Tacrolimus isebenza ngokuvimba iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-calcineurin ngaphakathi kwamaseli akho omzimba. Uma i-calcineurin ivalekile, ama-T-cells akho (uhlobo lweseli elibomvu legazi) angeke akwazi ukusebenza kahle ukuze akhe impendulo yomzimba.

Cabanga ngayo njengokubeka ibhuleki elithambile esivinini somzimba wakho. Umuthi awuwuvali ngokuphelele umzimba wakho, kodwa unciphisa kakhulu ithuba lokuthi umzimba wakho wenqabe ilungu elishintshiwe.

Lona umuthi oqinile odinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela. Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo amazinga egazi lakho ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi umuthi usebenza ngempumelelo ngenkathi enciphisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi noma izifo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Tacrolimus?

Thatha i-tacrolimus njengoba unqunyelwe udokotela wakho, ngokuvamile kabili ngosuku cishe ngamahora ayi-12 ngaphandle. Ukungaguquguquki kubalulekile - zama ukuyithatha ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho.

Kufanele uthathe i-tacrolimus esiswini esingenalutho, kungaba ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokudla noma amahora amabili ngemuva kokudla. Ukudla kungathinta kakhulu ukuthi umzimba wakho umunca kangakanani umuthi, ngakho-ke isikhathi sibalulekile.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele. Ungagxobi, uhlafune, noma uvule amaphilisi, ngoba lokhu kungathinta indlela umuthi okhululwa ngayo emzimbeni wakho.

Gwema ama-grapefruit nejusi le-grapefruit ngenkathi uthatha i-tacrolimus. Ama-grapefruit angakhuphula inani lomuthi egazini lakho liye emazingeni ayingozi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Tacrolimus?

Iziguli eziningi zokushintshwa kwezitho zidinga ukuthatha i-tacrolimus impilo yonke ukuze zivimbele ukwenqatshwa kwelungu. Lokhu kungase kuzizwe kukhathaza, kodwa abantu abaningi baphila impilo egcwele, enempilo ekwelashweni okucindezela amasosha omzimba isikhathi eside.

Ezimweni ezinzima ze-autoimmune, ubude besikhathi buyahluka ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emithini. Abanye abantu bangase bayidinge izinyanga, kanti abanye badinga izikhathi zokwelashwa ezinde.

Udkt wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi usayidinga yini i-tacrolimus futhi angase alungise umthamo wakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ungayeki ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo noma ngaphandle kokuqondiswa ngudokotela, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Tacrolimus?

Njengayo yonke imithi enamandla, i-tacrolimus ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke kukusiza ukuthi uhlale unolwazi futhi uxhumane ngempumelelo nethimba lakho lezempilo.

Imiphumela emibi evamile abantu abaningi abayitholayo ihlanganisa ikhanda, isicanucanu, isifo sohudo, nokuphazamiseka kwesisu. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala.

Ungase futhi uqaphele ukuthuthumela ezandleni zakho, ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi, noma izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwezinso zakho. Le miphumela ngokuvamile ilawuleka ngokuqapha eduze nokulungiswa komthamo.

Abanye abantu bathola imiphumela emibi ekhathazayo edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane, amaqhafuza, noma umphimbo obuhlungu oqhubekayo
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile noma ukulimala
• Isicanucanu esibi noma ukuhlanza
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo
• Ukuvuvukala ezandleni, ezinyaweni, noma ebusweni
• Ushintsho emaphethini okuchama

Lezi zimpawu akudingeki ukuthi zisho ukuthi udinga ukuyeka umuthi, kodwa zidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ngabe kudingeka yini ukulungiswa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe-tacrolimus kuthwala ezinye izingozi ezengeziwe okufanele uziqaphele. Kukhona ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka okuthile ngoba amasosha akho omzimba acindezelwe, futhi abanye abantu bangase bathuthukise umfutho wegazi ophezulu noma izinkinga zezinso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kukhona futhi ingozi encane yokwanda yezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza wesikhumba kanye ne-lymphoma. Lokhu kuzwakala kuyethusa, kodwa ingozi ivamise ukuba incane, futhi ukuqapha njalo kusiza ukubamba noma yiziphi izinkinga zisasekuqaleni.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Tacrolimus?

I-Tacrolimus ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile zenza kube yingozi. Abantu abanezifo eziqhubekayo, ezinzima ngokuvamile kufanele bagweme lo muthi kuze kube yilapho ukutheleleka sekwelashwe.

Uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, xoxa lokhu ngokucophelela nodokotela wakho. I-Tacrolimus ingawela i-placenta futhi ingase ithinte ingane yakho, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi izinzuzo zidlula izingozi ezigulini ezinomgogodla.

Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zezinso noma zesibindi bangase badinge ukulungiswa kwemithamo noma bangase bangabi ngabantu abafanelekayo i-tacrolimus. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela ukusebenza kwezitho zakho ngaphambi kokunquma lo muthi.

Labo abanomlando womdlavuza othile, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza wesikhumba noma i-lymphoma, badinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile. Nakuba i-tacrolimus ingabangeli ngqo umdlavuza, ingakhuphula ingozi ngokucindezela ukugadwa komzimba.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Tacrolimus

I-Tacrolimus itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, i-Prograf iyona efakwa njalo ngokushesha. Kukhona futhi i-Astagraf XL, okuyinguqulo ekhishwe isikhathi eside ethathwa kanye ngosuku.

I-Envarsus XR enye indlela yokukhishwa isikhathi eside abanye abantu abayithola ilula. Lezi zindlela ezihlukene azishintshani, ngakho-ke ngaso sonke isikhathi sebenzisa umkhiqizo othile kanye nefomula udokotela wakho ayinqumayo.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-tacrolimus ziyatholakala, kodwa udokotela wakho angase akhethe ukuthi unamathele kumkhiqizo othile ukuze uqhubeke. Umehluko omncane phakathi kwabakhiqizi ngezinye izikhathi ungase uthinte ukuthi umzimba wakho umunca kangakanani umuthi.

Ezinye Izindlela ze-Tacrolimus

Eminye imithi eminingi ecindezela amasosha omzimba ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni noma kanye ne-tacrolimus. I-Cyclosporine ingenye i-calcineurin inhibitor esebenza ngendlela efanayo kodwa inemiphumela ehlukile.

I-Mycophenolate mofetil (CellCept) ivame ukusetshenziswa ngokuhlanganyela ne-tacrolimus noma njengenye indlela. Isebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi ingase ithandwe kangcono ngabanye abantu.

Imithi emisha efana ne-belatacept inikeza ezinye izindlela ezithenjisayo ezigulini ezithile zokufakelwa izitho. Le mithi inikezwa ngokufakwa esikhundleni samaphilisi ansuku zonke futhi ingase ibe nemiphumela emibi embalwa yesikhathi eside.

Udokotela wakho uzokhetha uhlelo olungcono kakhulu lokucindezela amasosha omzimba olususelwe ohlotsheni lwakho oluthile lokufakelwa izitho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, nokuthi ukubekezelela kahle kangakanani imithi ehlukene.

Ingabe i-Tacrolimus Ingcono Kune-Cyclosporine?

I-Tacrolimus ne-cyclosporine zombili ziyizithiyo eziphumelelayo ze-calcineurin, kodwa zinezinzuzo ezihlukene kanye nobubi. I-Tacrolimus ngokuvamile ithathwa njengeqine kakhulu futhi ingase isebenze kangcono ekuvikeleni ukwenqatshwa kwesitho.

Izifundo eziningi zikhomba ukuthi i-tacrolimus iholela emiphumeleni engcono yesikhathi eside kubantu abathola ukufakelwa izinso nesibindi. Futhi mancane amathuba okuthi kubangele imiphumela emibi yezimonyo efana nokukhula kwezinwele ngokweqile noma ukukhula ngokweqile kwamazinyo.

Nokho, i-cyclosporine ingase ibe ngcono kwabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi labo abathola imiphumela emibi ebalulekile evela ku-tacrolimus. I-Cyclosporine ingase ingabangi imiphumela ethile ye-neurological noma isifo sikashukela ngemva kokufakelwa izitho.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwale mithi kuncike ezimweni zakho ngazinye, emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha, nokuthi uyibekezelela kahle kangakanani imithi ngayinye. Ithimba lakho lokufakelwa izitho lizosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi iyiphi inketho engcono kuwe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Tacrolimus

Ingabe i-Tacrolimus iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela?

I-Tacrolimus ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, kodwa idinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela. Umuthi ungase uqhubukise ukulawulwa kukashukela egazini futhi ungase uze ubangele isifo sikashukela kubantu ababengenaso ngaphambili.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, udokotela wakho uzoqapha amazinga kashukela wakho egazini ngokucophelela futhi kungase kudingeke alungise imithi yakho yesifo sikashukela. Abanye abantu badinga ukuqala i-insulin noma ukwandisa imithamo yabo ngenkathi bethatha i-tacrolimus.

Lokhu akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukuthatha i-tacrolimus uma unesifo sikashukela. Iziguli eziningi ezinomdlavuza zisebenzisa ngempumelelo lo muthi ngokuqashwa okufanele nokuphathwa kukashukela egazini.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithatha I-Tacrolimus Engakanani Ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-tacrolimus eningi kakhulu, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha imithamo eyengeziwe kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi engathí sina ehlanganisa ukulimala kwezinso, izinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa, kanye nokucindezelwa okukhulu komzimba.

Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi uzizwa ulungile yini - izimpawu ze-tacrolimus overdose zingase zingaveli ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho angase afune ukuhlola amazinga akho egazi futhi akuqaphe ngokucophelela izinsuku eziningana.

Ezimweni ezinzima, ungase udinge ukulaliswa esibhedlela ukuze uqashwe futhi unakekelwe. Ngokushesha uthola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, kulapho ithimba lakho lezempilo lingasiza khona ukuvimbela izinkinga.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Tacrolimus?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-tacrolimus, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe futhi uqhubeke nohlelo lwakho olujwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe. Lokhu kungaholela emazingeni aphezulu ngokuyingozi egazini kanye nemiphumela emibi engathí sina.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha ama-alamu ocingo noma ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi. Amazinga egazi aqhubekayo abalulekile ekuvikeleni ukwenqatshwa kwezitho kanye nokunciphisa imiphumela emibi.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Tacrolimus?

Iningi labantu abathole ukufakelwa izitho zomzimba kudingeka bathathe i-tacrolimus impilo yabo yonke ukuvimbela ukwenqatshwa kwesitho. Ukuyeka lo muthi, ngisho nesikhashana, kungaholela ekwenqatshweni okungase kuholele ekulahlekelweni isitho sakho esifakelwe.

Ezimweni ze-autoimmune, udokotela wakho angase anciphise kancane kancane umthamo wakho noma ekugcineni ayeke umuthi uma isimo sakho sithuthuka. Lesi sinqumo kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha.

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-tacrolimus ngokuzumayo noma ngaphandle kokuxoxa nethimba lakho lezempilo. Noma ngabe uzizwa kahle, umuthi cishe udlala indima ebalulekile ekukugcineni uphilile.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Tacrolimus?

Ngokuvamile kungcono ukugwema utshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-tacrolimus, ikakhulukazi ngamanani amakhulu. Utshwala bungandisa ingozi yokulimala kwesibindi futhi bungase luphazamise ukusebenza komuthi.

Uma ukhetha ukuphuza ngezikhathi ezithile, xoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho kuqala. Bangakunikeza iseluleko ngemikhawulo ephephile ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho sezokwelapha esithile neminye imithi oyithathayo.

Khumbula ukuthi i-tacrolimus isivele ibeka ingcindezi ethile esibindini sakho nakuzinso, ngakho ukwengeza utshwala emxube akulungile empilweni yakho yonke.