Yini iTafamidis: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Tafamidis iyikhambi elikhethekile elenzelwe ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwezimo ezithile ezingavamile zenhliziyo nemizwa ezibangelwa ukufakwa kwamaprotheni okungajwayelekile. Lo muthi oqoshwe ngudokotela usebenza ngokuzinzisa iprotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-transthyretin, ukuvimbela ukuthi ingahlukani futhi yakhe amaqhubu ayingozi ezingxenyeni zomzimba wakho.

Uma udokotela wakho ekuqoshile i-tafamidis, cishe ubhekene nesimo esithinta indlela umzimba wakho oqhubula ngayo le phrotheni ebalulekile. Ngenkathi lezi zimo zinzima, ukuba nokwelashwa okuphumelelayo kungahlinzeka ngethemba futhi kusize ukugcina izinga lempilo yakho isikhathi eside.

Yini iTafamidis?

I-Tafamidis iyisizinzisi sephrotheni esivimbela i-transthyretin ekuthuthukeni futhi ibangele umonakalo enhliziyweni yakho nasemizweni yakho. Cabanga ngayo njengengcina yama-molecular egcina le phrotheni ngesimo sayo esifanele, esizinzile.

Lo muthi ungowesigaba esibizwa ngokuthi ama-transthyretin stabilizers, okwenza kube yidakamizwa yokuqala yohlobo lwayo evunyelwe ukwelapha izinhlobo ezithile ze-amyloidosis. Isibindi sakho ngokwemvelo sikhiqiza iprotheni ye-transthyretin, kodwa kwabanye abantu, le phrotheni ayizinzile futhi yakha izinto eziyingozi ezingxenyeni zomzimba.

I-Tafamidis iza ngezinhlobo ezimbili: amaphilisi avamile kanye nohlobo olusha, olunamandla kakhulu olubizwa ngokuthi i-tafamidis meglumine. Zombili zisebenza ngendlela efanayo kodwa ziyahluka ngamandla nangokuthi zithathwa kaningi kangakanani.

Yini iTafamidis Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Tafamidis iphatha izimo ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy kanye ne-hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis ene-polyneuropathy. Zombili zihilela leyo phrotheni enezinkinga kodwa zithinta izingxenye ezihlukene zomzimba wakho.

Ku-transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy, izinto ezingazinzile zephrotheni zifakwa ikakhulukazi emsipheni wenhliziyo yakho, okwenza kube lukhuni futhi kungakwazi ukumpompa igazi ngempumelelo. Lesi simo singabangela ukuphefumula kanzima, ukukhathala, nokuvuvukala emilenzeni nasesiswini sakho.

I-hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis ene-polyneuropathy ikakhulukazi ithinta imizwa yakho ye-peripheral, okubangela ukuba ndikindiki, ukuluma, nobuthakathaka ezandleni nasenyawo zakho. Lolu hlobo ludluliselwa emindenini futhi ngokuvamile luqala ebudaleni.

Udokotela wakho uzoqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwakho ngezivivinyo ezithile, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nokuskena kwenhliziyo okukhethekile noma izifundo zemizwa. Lezi zimo azivamile, zithinta kuphela izinkulungwane zabantu emhlabeni wonke, kodwa zingayithinta kakhulu impilo yakho yansuku zonke ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Tafamidis?

I-Tafamidis isebenza ngokubopha kuphrotheni ye-transthyretin futhi iyigcine izinzile egazini lakho. Lokhu kuvimbela iphrotheni ukuthi ingahlukani futhi yakhe amaqhubu anamathelayo alimaza izitho zakho.

Ngezimo ezijwayelekile, i-transthyretin ithwala ama-hormone e-thyroid kanye novithamini A emzimbeni wakho wonke. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abane-amyloidosis, le phrotheni ayizinzile futhi ayihambisani kahle, idala izinto eziyingozi ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-amyloid fibrils.

Umuthi usebenza njengomgqugquzeli we-molecular, uvala iphrotheni ngesimo sayo esifanele. Lokhu akuguquli umonakalo okhona, kodwa kunciphisa kakhulu ukwakheka kwezinto ezintsha zamaprotheni, okusiza ukugcina ukusebenza kwezitho zakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-Tafamidis ithathwa njengomuthi oqinile ngokulinganisela onesenzo esiqondiswe ngqo. Akuyona ikhambi, kodwa izifundo zomtholampilo zibonisa ukuthi inganciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ukuqhubeka kwesifo futhi ithuthukise amazinga okusinda uma iqala ekuqaleni kwenqubo yesifo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Tafamidis?

Thatha i-tafamidis ngendlela udokotela wakho ayala ngayo, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku ngaphandle kokudla. Umthamo ojwayelekile ungama-20mg ngosuku (ikhephuli elilodwa) noma ama-61mg ngosuku (amakhephuli amane), kuye ngesimo sakho esithile kanye nokwakheka okuyalwe.

Ungayithatha le mithi ngamanzi, ubisi, noma ijusi - ukudla akuthinti ngendlela ebonakalayo ukuthi umzimba wakho uyayimunca kanjani. Nokho, zama ukuyithatha ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngaphandle kokuwavula, ukuwachoboza, noma ukuwahlafuna. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinye izindlela, njengoba umuthi udinga ukumuncwa kahle ukuze usebenze ngempumelelo.

Gcina imithi yakho ekamelweni lokushisa, kude nomswakama nokushisa. Yigcine esitsheni sayo sokuqala ne-desiccant packet ukuvimbela ukulimala komswakama, okungathinta amandla omuthi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Tafamidis?

I-Tafamidis ngokuvamile iyindlela yokwelapha yesikhathi eside okuzodingeka uyiqhubeke unomphela ukuze ugcine imiphumela yayo evikelayo. Njengoba yehlisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo kunokwelapha isimo, ukuyeka umuthi kuvumela ukuthi ama-protein ayingozi aqhubeke nokwakheka.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha impendulo yakho ngokuhlolwa okuvamile, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye nezifundo zokuthwebula izithombe. Lokhu kusiza ukuhlola ukuthi umuthi uyasheshisa yini ukuqhubeka kwesifo sakho ngempumelelo nokuthi ngabe kudingeka yini ukulungiswa komthamo.

Abantu abaningi abasabela kahle ku-tafamidis baqhubeka beyithatha iminyaka. Izinzuzo zomuthi ziba sobala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngezifundo ezikhombisa umehluko omkhulu ekuqhubekeni kwesifo ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-12 kuya kweziyi-18 zokwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-tafamidis ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngayo nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe ngeke kubangele izimpawu zokuhoxisa eziyingozi, kodwa kuzovumela isimo sakho ukuthi siqhubeke ngokushesha kakhulu kunokuba uqhubeke nokwelashwa.

Ziyini Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Tafamidis?

Abantu abaningi bayayibekezelela i-tafamidis kahle, nemiphumela emibi ngokuvamile iba mnene futhi ilawuleka. Umuthi uneprofayili yokuphepha enhle uma iqhathaniswa nokunye ukwelashwa kwezifo ezingavamile.

Nawa amaphutha avamile abikwa ongase uhlangabezane nawo:

• Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla njengokucasuka, isifo sohudo, noma ukungakhululeki kwesisu
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu noma isiyezi
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele kunokujwayelekile
• Ukutheleleka kwepheshana eliphezulu lokuphefumula
• Ukutheleleka kwepheshana lomchamo

Le miphumela evamile ngokuvamile iyathuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa.

Nakuba kungavamile, abanye abantu bangase bahlangabezane nemiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Ukungezwani okukhulu komzimba okunezinduna, ukuvuvukala, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile noma ukulimala
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obuqhubekayo
• Izimpawu zezinkinga zesibindi njengokuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo
• Izimpawu zenhliziyo ezimbi kakhulu noma eziqhubekayo

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma iyiphi yale miphumela emibi kakhulu. Abantu abaningi bangaqhubeka nokuthatha i-tafamidis ngokuphepha ngokuqapha okufanele nokusekelwa.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Tafamidis?

I-Tafamidis ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ilungile yini esimweni sakho esithile. Abantu abanokungezwani komzimba okwaziwayo ne-tafamidis noma yiziphi izithako zayo kufanele bagweme lo muthi.

Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ukuqapha okwengeziwe uma unezifo zesibindi ezinzima, njengoba umzimba wakho ungase ungawuqedi kahle umuthi. Nakuba izinkinga zesibindi ezilula zingakukhiphi ngokuzenzakalelayo, zingase zidinge ukulungiswa komthamo noma ukuqapha okuseduze.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe akufanele bathathe i-tafamidis, njengoba imiphumela yayo ezinganeni ezisakhula ingaqondakali ngokugcwele. Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa noma uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi, xoxa ngezindlela ezingezinye nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Omama abancelisa izingane nabo kufanele bagweme i-tafamidis, njengoba kungaziwa ukuthi umuthi udlulela obisini. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uhlole izinzuzo nezingozi uma uncelisa.

Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zezinso bangase badinge ukulungiswa kwemithamo, nakuba izinkinga zezinso eziphakathi nendawo ngokuvamile zingavimbeli ukusetshenziswa kwe-tafamidis. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukusebenza kwezinso zakho njalo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Tafamidis

I-Tafamidis itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amabili omkhiqizo amakhulu: i-Vyndaqel ne-Vyndamax. Zombili ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo kodwa ziyahluka ekwakhekeni kwazo nasekulinganiseni kwazo.

I-Vyndaqel iqukethe i-tafamidis meglumine futhi iza ngama-capsules angu-20mg, ngokuvamile athathwa kanye ngosuku. Lena kwakuyinguqulo yokuqala eyavunyelwa futhi isaqhubeka nokunconywa kakhulu kokubili izinhlobo zenhliziyo nemizwa yesifo.

I-Vyndamax iqukethe i-tafamidis (ngaphandle kwe-meglumine) kuma-capsules angu-61mg, nawo athathwa kanye ngosuku. Lokhu kwakheka okusha kulingana nama-capsules amane e-Vyndaqel futhi kuvame ukukhethwa ngenxa yeshejuli yayo elula yokulinganisa.

Zombili izinhlobo ziyasebenza ngokulinganayo - ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuvame ukuncika ekuthandeni kukadokotela wakho, umshwalense wakho, nokuthi yikuphi ukwakheka okulula kuwe ukukuthatha njalo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Tafamidis

Njengamanje, kunezindlela ezimbalwa kakhulu ezingenye ze-tafamidis zokwelapha i-transthyretin amyloidosis. Ukungavamile kwalezi zimo kusho ukuthi izinketho zokwelapha zihlala zilinganiselwe, okwenza i-tafamidis ibaluleke kakhulu.

Nge-hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis ene-polyneuropathy, i-patisiran ne-inotersen yizindlela zokwelapha zokuphazamisa i-RNA ezisebenza ngendlela ehlukile ku-tafamidis. Le mithi inciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaprotheni e-transthyretin kunokuwenza azinze.

Ukufakelwa kwesibindi kungacutshungulwa kwabanye abantu abanezinhlobo zofuzo zesifo, njengoba isibindi sikhiqiza iningi lamaprotheni anezinkinga. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlinzwa okukhulu kufaneleka kuphela ezigulini ezikhethwe ngokucophelela futhi akusizi ngezimpawu ezihlobene nenhliziyo.

Ukuze kulawulwe izimpawu, udokotela wakho angase anikeze imithi yokusiza ngokuwohloka kwenhliziyo, ubuhlungu bemizwa, noma ezinye izinkinga. Lokhu kwelashwa okusekelayo kusebenza kanye ne-tafamidis ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lempilo yakho.

Ukwelashwa ngofuzo kanye nokunye ukwelashwa okusahlolwa kuyatadishwa, kodwa i-tafamidis isahlala iyona yokwelashwa eyinhloko eqinisekisiwe yokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo ezigulini eziningi.

Ingabe i-Tafamidis Ingcono Kunezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha?

I-Tafamidis inikeza izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele njengomuthi wokuqala omlomweni oqinisekisiwe ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwe-transthyretin amyloidosis. Ezigulini eziningi, inikeza inketho yokwelashwa esebenzayo okulula ukuyiphatha kunokunye okufakwa ngomjovo.

Uma iqhathaniswa ne-patisiran ne-inotersen, i-tafamidis inemiphumela emibi embalwa engathi sína futhi ayidingi ukuqashwa njalo kobuthi besibindi noma izinguquko zokubala kwegazi. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yindlela ephephe kakhulu yesikhathi eside kubantu abaningi.

Ukulungiswa ngomlomo kunikeza i-tafamidis inzuzo enkulu yokulula kunokwelashwa okufakwa ngomjovo. Ungayithatha ekhaya ngaphandle kokuvakashela emtholampilo, okwenza kube lula ukugcina ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

Nokho, ukwelashwa

Udktela wakho uzoqapha ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho njalo ngenkathi uthatha i-tafamidis. Umuthi ngokuvamile awenzi ngcono ezinye izimo zenhliziyo futhi empeleni ungase usize ukugcina ukusebenza kwenhliziyo ngokuqeda ukufakwa kwamaprotheni.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithatha I-Tafamidis Engaphezu Kakhulu Ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-tafamidis eyengeziwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ngenkathi imininingwane yokweqisa ilinganiselwe ngenxa yokusha komuthi, kubalulekile ukuthola isiqondiso sezokwelapha.

Ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze noma uthathe eminye imithi ukuze ulwe nokweqisa. Gcina umkhondo wokuthi mangaki amanye amaphilisi owathathile nokuthi nini, njengoba lolu lwazi luzosiza abahlinzeki bezempilo ukuthi banqume inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngeqa Umthamo We-Tafamidis?

Uma weqa umthamo, wuthatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle kokuthi sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Kuleso simo, weqa umthamo owuqeqile bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo owuqeqile. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi ukusiza ukugcina ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Tafamidis?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-tafamidis ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela wakho. Njengoba kuyindlela yokwelapha yesikhathi eside yesimo esiqhubekayo, ukuyeka ngokuvamile akukhuthazwa ngaphandle kokuthi uhlangabezane nemiphumela emibi engathi sína noma isimo sakho sishintsha kakhulu.

Udktela wakho angase acabange ukuyeka uma uba nezinye izinkinga zempilo ezenza ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kungaphephile, noma uma ukuqapha njalo kubonisa ukuthi umuthi awunikezi izinzuzo ezilindelekile esimweni sakho esithile.

Ngingayithatha I-Tafamidis Neminye Imithi?

I-Tafamidis ngokuvamile ayinazo izindlela eziningi zokusebenzelana neminye imithi, okwenza ivumelane nezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ongase uzidingele ezinye izimo. Kodwa-ke, ngaso sonke isikhathi yazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, izithasiselo, kanye nemikhiqizo yezitshalo oyithathayo.

Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza uhlu lwakho oluphelele lwemithi ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi akukho ukusebenzelana okuyinkinga. Eminye imithi ingase idinge ukulungiswa kwesikhathi noma ukulungiswa komthamo ukuze isebenze kahle ne-tafamidis.