Yini i-Tetanus Immune Globulin: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Tetanus immune globulin iyimithi esindisa impilo enikeza ukuvikeleka ngokushesha ekuthelelekeni kwe-tetanus. Iqukethe ama-antibody alwa nobuthi be-tetanus, enikeza umzimba wakho ukuvikeleka ngokushesha uma uvezwe kulolu bhaktheriya olubucayi ngokulimala, amanxeba, noma ukulimala.

Le mithi isebenza njengendlela yokuvikela yesikhashana ngenkathi amasosha omzimba wakho akha ezakhe izivikelo. Cabanga ngayo njengokuzivikela okubolekiwe okusebenza ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma ungagonywanga muva nje noma unanxeba eliyingozi kakhulu.

Yini i-Tetanus Immune Globulin?

I-Tetanus immune globulin (TIG) iyisixazululo esigxilisiwe sama-antibody athathwe ku-plasma yegazi labantu abanamazinga aphezulu ama-antibody e-tetanus. Lawa ma-antibody angamaprotheni aqondise futhi aqede ubuthi be-tetanus ngaphambi kokuba bukhinyize isimiso sakho sezinzwa.

Le mithi iza njengoketshezi olucacile noma oluphuzi kancane olujovwa emsipheni wakho. Yahlukile emgomeni we-tetanus ngoba inikeza ukuvikeleka ngokushesha, okwesikhashana kunokuthi isize umzimba wakho wakhe ukuzivikela kwesikhathi eside.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo bavame ukubiza lokhu ngokuthi

• Amanxeba ajulile okubhoboza avela ezipikweni, izinaliti, noma izinto ezibukhali
• Ukusikeka noma ukuklwejwa okungcoliswe ngodaka, inhlabathi, noma imfucuza yezilwane
• Ukusha okuye kwaba nokutheleleka noma ukungcoliswa
• Ukulimala okuchiphizayo lapho izicubu ziye zalimala khona
• Amanxeba okulunywa yizilwane noma abantu
• Amanxeba okuhlinzwa athola ukutheleleka
• Ukulimala kubantu abangazange bathole umjovo we-tetanus eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-5-10

Umuthi futhi usetshenziswa ezimweni ezingavamile, njengokwelapha izinsana ezingazange zithole imithi yokugomela i-tetanus kahle. Kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka ukuthi inikezwe kubantu abanezinkinga ezinzima zesimiso somzimba esingakwazi ukusabela kahle emithini yokugoma.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzocabangela kokubili uhlobo lwengozi onayo nokuthi wagcina nini ukuthola umgomo we-tetanus ukuze anqume ukuthi uyayidinga yini le mithi.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Tetanus Immune Globulin?

I-Tetanus immune globulin isebenza ngokunikeza umzimba wakho ama-antibodies enziwe ngomumo aqaphela ngokushesha futhi aqede ubuthi be-tetanus. Lokhu kuthathwa njengendlela eqinile, esheshayo yokuvikela ngoba akudingi ukuthi isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela sifunde ukuthi singalwa kanjani nokutheleleka kuqala.

Lapho amagciwane e-tetanus engena emzimbeni wakho ngengozi, akhiqiza ubuthi obunamandla obuhlasela isimiso sakho sezinzwa. Ama-antibodies ku-tetanus immune globulin abopha kulobu buthi njengokhiye ofanelana ngqo, okuvimbela ukuthi lingafinyeleli emangqamuzini akho ezinzwa futhi libangele imisipha yemisipha nokukhubazeka okuhambisana ne-tetanus.

Lo muthi unikeza lokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi "ukuzivikela okungaqondile" ngoba uthola ama-antibodies enziwe ngomzimba womunye umuntu. Ngenkathi lokhu kuvikela kungokwamanje futhi kunamandla, kungokwesikhashana, kuhlala amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane kuphela njengoba umzimba wakho uwohloka kancane kancane futhi uqede ama-antibodies abolekiwe.

Ngokungafani nomgomo we-tetanus, ofundisa amasosha omzimba wakho ukuthi akhe ama-antibody awo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-tetanus immune globulin ikunikeza ukuvikeleka ngokushesha uma ukudinga kakhulu. Lokhu kuyenza ibaluleke ikakhulu ezimweni eziphuthumayo lapho kungekho sikhathi sokulinda umgomo ukuthi usebenze.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Tetanus Immune Globulin?

I-tetanus immune globulin ihlala inikezwa njengomjovo emsipheni wakho ngumhlinzeki wezempilo, ngokuvamile esibhedlela, emtholampilo, noma ehhovisi likadokotela. Awukwazi ukuthatha lo muthi ngomlomo, futhi akuyona into ongaziphatha yona ekhaya.

Umjovo uvame ukunikezwa emsipheni wakho wethanga noma engxenyeni engenhla yengalo yakho. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzohlanza indawo yokujova ngotshwala futhi asebenzise inaliti enezinto ezingcolile ukuze alethwe umuthi ujule emsipheni.

Akudingeki wenze lutho olukhethekile ukulungiselela umjovo. Ungadla ngokujwayelekile ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhi azikho izithiyo zokudla. Kodwa-ke, yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma uthatha imithi ethile noma unezinto ezithile ozihlaselwa yizo, ikakhulu emikhiqizweni yegazi noma kuma-immunoglobulins.

Umjovo ngokwawo uthatha imizuzu embalwa nje, yize ungase ucelwe ukuthi uhlale endaweni yokunakekelwa kwezempilo imizuzu engu-15-30 ngemuva kwalokho ukuze abasebenzi bakwazi ukukuqapha nganoma yiziphi izimo eziphuthumayo. Abanye abantu bazwa ubuhlungu obuncane endaweni yokujova, okujwayelekile ngokuphelele futhi ngokuvamile kulungiswa ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Tetanus Immune Globulin?

I-tetanus immune globulin ngokuvamile inikezwa njengomjovo owodwa, futhi ngokuvamile ngeke udinge imithamo ephindaphindiwe. Ama-antibody avela kulomjovo owodwa anikeza ukuvikeleka cishe amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane, okuyisikhathi esanele sokuthi umzimba wakho ususe noma yimaphi amagciwane e-tetanus esilondeni.

Ezimweni eziningi, uzothola nomuthi wokugoma we-tetanus (uma ungahambisani nezinto ezikhona) kanye ne-immune globulin. Le nhlanganisela ikunikeza ukuvikeleka ngokushesha kusuka ku-globulin ngenkathi amasosha akho omzimba akha ukuvikeleka kwawo kwesikhathi eside kusuka emgomeni.

Ngokungavamile, abantu abanezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezibuthakathaka kakhulu noma labo abanezinto eziphezulu kakhulu ezingase zibangele ingozi bangase badinge imithamo eyengeziwe. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzonquma lokhu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Ukuvikeleka kusuka ku-tetanus immune globulin kuncipha kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo uchitha ama-antibody. Yingakho kubalulekile nokuthi ugonywe kahle ngomuthi wokugoma we-tetanus ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvikeleka okuqhubekayo.

Yiziphi Izimo Ezingezinhle Ze-Tetanus Immune Globulin?

Abantu abaningi bayakubekezelela kahle i-tetanus immune globulin, ngemiphumela emincane kuphela engemihle esheshayo. Izimo ezivamile kakhulu zenzeka ngqo endaweni yokujova futhi ngokuvamile azibi nzima.

Nawa imiphumela engemihle ongase uyithole, uqala ngalezo ezivamile kakhulu:

• Ubuhlungu, ukuzwela, noma ubuhlungu endaweni yokujova
• Ukubomvu noma ukuvuvukala lapho inaliti yangena khona
• Umkhuhlane omncane (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kuka-101°F)
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili
• Ukucabanga
• Ukulimala kwemisipha

Imiphumela engavamile kodwa ekhathazayo ihlanganisa:

• Ukuphendula okukhulu komzimba (ukuqubuka, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo)
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezu kuka-101°F)
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Isiyezi noma ukuquleka

Izimo ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zingenzeka, ikakhulukazi kubantu abake baba nezimo ezingezinhle emikhiqizweni yegazi. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukusabela okukhulu komzimba, izinkinga zezinso, noma izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinkinga ezinzima azivamile kakhulu.

Imiphumela eminingi emibi imnene futhi ithuthuka phakathi kwamahora angu-24-48. Uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu obukhulu, umkhuhlane ophezulu, noma izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Tetanus Immune Globulin?

Ngenkathi i-tetanus immune globulin iphephile kubantu abaningi, kunezimo ezithile lapho ingase ingafaneleki khona noma lapho kudingeka khona ukuqapha okwengeziwe. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukunika lo muthi.

Abantu okufanele bagweme i-tetanus immune globulin bahlanganisa:

• Labo abake baba nokungezwani komzimba okukhulu kuma-immunoglobulins noma imikhiqizo yegazi esikhathini esidlule
• Abantu abaziwayo abanezinto ezingezwani kakhulu ne-thimerosal (isivikeli), nakuba izinhlobo ezingenayo i-thimerosal zitholakala
• Abantu abanokushoda kwe-IgA okukhethiwe abaye bathuthukisa ama-antibodies ngokumelene ne-IgA

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzosebenzisa ukuqapha okwengeziwe uma une:

• Umlando wokuphazamiseka kokujiya kwegazi
• Isifo esibi sezinso
• Isistimu yokuzivikela komzimba ebuthakathaka
• Umlando wesifo senhliziyo
• Ukuphendula kwangaphambilini emithini yokugoma noma imikhiqizo yegazi

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa ngokuvamile akuyona izizathu zokugwema i-tetanus immune globulin, njengoba ukuvikela i-tetanus ngokuvamile kubaluleke kakhulu kunezingozi ezincane. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoxoxa ngezinzuzo nezingozi nawe uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa.

Noma ngabe unesinye salezi zimo, udokotela wakho angase ancome umuthi uma ingozi yakho ye-tetanus iphezulu, kodwa bazokuqapha eduze ukuze uthole imiphumela emibi.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Tetanus Immune Globulin

I-Tetanus immune globulin itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, nakuba umuthi ngokwawo ufana ngaphandle komkhiqizi. Amagama omkhiqizo ajwayelekile ongahlangabezana nawo ahlanganisa i-HyperTET S/D ne-BayTet.

Ezinye izikhungo zezempilo zingase zibhekisele kuyo ngokuthi "TIG" noma "tetanus immune globulin" ngaphandle kokusho igama lomkhiqizo elithile. Okubalulekile ukuthi uthola imithi efanele yokuvimbela i-tetanus, hhayi ngempela ukuthi iluphi uhlobo lwayo.

Abakhiqizi abahlukene bangase babe nokwakheka okuhlukile kancane noma ukugxila, kodwa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqinisekisa ukuthi uthola umthamo ofanele ngaphandle kokucatshangelwa komkhiqizo. Yonke imikhiqizo ye-tetanus immune globulin etholakala ngokuthengisa e-United States ihlangabezana nezindinganiso ezifanayo zokuphepha nokusebenza.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Tetanus Immune Globulin

Ngenkathi i-tetanus immune globulin iyindinganiso yegolide yokuvikelwa kwe-tetanus ngokushesha, kunezinye izindlela ezimbalwa ngokuya ngesimo sakho. Indlela ejwayelekile kakhulu ukuncika kuphela emgomeni we-tetanus uma inxeba lakho lingengozi encane futhi usesikhathini sokugoma kwakho.

Kubantu abasesikhathini sokugoma kwabo i-tetanus (eminyakeni engu-5-10 edlule ngokuya ngohlobo lwenxeba), umgomo wokuthuthukisa i-tetanus wedwa unganikeza ukuvikelwa okwanele. Lokhu kuvame ukuba njalo ngokusika okuhlanzekile, okuncane kanye nokuklwebheka.

Emazweni athile, i-tetanus antitoxin etholakala emahhashini isasetshenziswa, nakuba lokhu kungavamile e-United States ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu okusabela komzimba. I-tetanus immune globulin etholakala kubantu iyathandwa ngoba iphephe kakhulu futhi yamukeleka kangcono.

Kubantu abangakwazi ukuthola imikhiqizo ye-immunoglobulin, akukho ngempela okunye okungathatha indawo okuhlinzeka ngokuqondile ukuvikelwa okufanayo ngokushesha. Kulezi zimo ezingavamile, abahlinzeki bezempilo bagxila ekunakekelweni kwenxeba okunamandla, ama-antibiotics ukuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane, nokuqapha eduze izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-tetanus.

Okubalulekile ukusebenza nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukunquma indlela engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wokugoma, uhlobo lwenxeba onalo, kanye nesimo sakho sempilo esiphelele.

Ingabe i-Tetanus Immune Globulin ingcono kune-Tetanus Vaccine?

I-tetanus immune globulin nomuthi wokugoma i-tetanus zisebenzela izinhloso ezihlukene kodwa ezigcwalisanayo, ngakho-ke akuyona ngempela indaba yokuthi enye "ingcono" kunenye. Zisebenza ndawonye ukuhlinzeka kokubili ukuvikelwa ngokushesha nokwesikhathi eside ngokumelene ne-tetanus.

I-tetanus immune globulin inikeza ukuvikelwa ngokushesha okuqala ukusebenza ngokushesha kodwa kuhlala amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane kuphela. Umuthi wokugoma i-tetanus, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuthatha amasonto amabili ukuhlinzeka ukuvikelwa kodwa kungahlala iminyaka eminingi uma uqeda uchungechunge olugcwele lokugoma.

Ezimweni eziphuthumayo lapho udinga ukuvikelwa ngokushesha, i-tetanus immune globulin ingcono ngoba isebenza ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, ukuvimbela isikhathi eside, umuthi wokugoma i-tetanus ungcono kakhulu ngoba usiza amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi akhe ukuzivikela okuhlala njalo.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo abaningi bazokunikeza yomibili imithi uma unanxeba elinobungozi obukhulu futhi ungalungile ngemijovo yakho ye-tetanus. Le ndlela yokuhlanganisa ikunikeza okungcono kakhulu emhlabeni - ukuvikelwa ngokushesha okuvela ku-globulin nokuzivikela isikhathi eside okuvela emutheni wokugoma.

Isimo esihle ukuhlala unolwazi lwakamuva ngokugonywa kwakho kwe-tetanus ukuze udinga kuphela umjovo wokukhuthaza esikhundleni se-immune globulin. Yingakho odokotela bencoma ukuthola umjovo we-tetanus njalo eminyakeni eyi-10, noma njalo eminyakeni emi-5 uma usebenza njalo ngomhlabathi noma unezinye izinto eziyingozi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Tetanus Immune Globulin

Ingabe i-Tetanus Immune Globulin iphephile Kwabesifazane Abakhulelwe?

Yebo, i-tetanus immune globulin ngokuvamile ithathwa njengephephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi ivame ukunconywa lapho kunengozi yokuchayeka ku-tetanus. Ama-antibody emuthini angahlinzeka ngisho nokuvikelwa okuthile enganeni yakho esakhula.

Ukunyuka kwe-tetanus ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaba yingozi enkulu kuwe nomntwana wakho, okungenzeka kubangele izinkinga ezinzima ezihlanganisa ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukufa kombungu, noma ukuqina kwemisipha okusongela impilo. Izinzuzo zokuvimbela i-tetanus zidlula kakhulu izingozi ezincane ze-immune globulin.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzohlola ngokucophelela isimo sakho futhi angase ancome umuthi uma unamanxeba angase abe namagciwane e-tetanus. Isinqumo sizosekelwa ezintweni ezinjengohlobo lwamanxeba, umlando wakho wokugoma, nokuthi usukhulelwe kangakanani.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngithola i-Tetanus Immune Globulin eningi ngengozi?

Ukwamukela i-tetanus immune globulin eningi akuvamile ngoba ochwepheshe bezempilo babala ngokucophelela futhi banikeze umthamo, kodwa uma kwenzeka, okukhathaza kakhulu ukwanda kwengozi yemiphumela emibi kunobuthi obukhulu.

Uma usola ukuthi uthole umthamo owedlulele, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha noma funa usizo lwezokwelapha. Bazofuna ukukuqapha ngezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, izinkinga zezinso, noma izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi, okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi zenzeke ngemithamo emikhulu.

Izimpawu okufanele ziqashelwe zihlanganisa ukukhathala ukuphefumula, ukuvuvukala okukhulu, ukopha okungavamile noma ukulimala, izinguquko ekuchameni, noma ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu. Abantu abaningi abathola i-tetanus immune globulin eningi bazobhekana nemiphumela emibi ekhanyayo kodwa yesikhashana efana nokwanda kobuhlungu endaweni yokujova noma umkhuhlane omncane.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase ancome ukuhlala esikhungweni sezokwelapha ukuze kuqhubeke ukubhekwa futhi angase ayale ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kwezinso zakho nezinto ezijiyayo. Ukwelashwa kuvame ukusekela, kugxile ekuphatheni noma yiziphi izimpawu eziphakamayo.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo wami ohleliwe we-Tetanus Immune Globulin?

I-tetanus immune globulin ngokuvamile inikezwa njengomthamo owodwa osheshayo kunokuba ngohlelo oluqondile, ngakho-ke "ukweqa" umthamo akuyona into ejwayelekile. Uma bekufanele ukuthi uwuthole ngemuva kokulimala kodwa ungawutholanga ngokushesha, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha okukhulu.

Umuthi usebenza kahle kakhulu uma unikezwa kungakapheli amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokuthi umuntu angase athole i-tetanus, kodwa usengakunikeza okuthile uma unikezwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqonda ukuthi usadinga yini umuthi ngokusekelwe ekutheni isikhathi esingakanani esidlulile kanye nezinto eziyingozi kuwe.

Uma sekudlule izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokulimala kwakho, udokotela wakho angase ancome indlela ehlukile, njengokukunikeza ama-antibiotics noma ukugxila ekunakekelweni kwesilonda ngenkathi eqapha izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-tetanus. Bazokwenza futhi isiqiniseko sokuthi usesesikhathini ngomgomo wakho we-tetanus ukuze uvimbele ukuthi ungalitholi leli gciwane esikhathini esizayo.

Khumbula ukuthi izimpawu ze-tetanus zingathatha noma yikuphi kusuka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emavikini ambalwa ukuthi zivele, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha noma ngabe sekudlule isikhathi esithile ngemuva kokulimala kwakho.

Ngingayeka nini ukukhathazeka nge-Tetanus ngemuva kokuthola i-Immune Globulin?

Ngemuva kokuthola i-tetanus immune globulin, ngokuvamile ungaqiniseka ngokuvikeleka kwakho cishe amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi kufanele uyeke ukunakekela isilonda sakho noma ungazinaki izimpawu ezingavamile ngalesi sikhathi.

Ama-antibody avela ku-immune globulin azoncipha kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke ukuvikeleka kwakho kuqinile ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemuva komjovo futhi kuyancipha kancane kancane. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthi futhi uthole umgomo we-tetanus uma ungasesikhathini, ngoba lokhu kunikeza ukuvikeleka okuhlala isikhathi eside.

Qhubeka nokuhlola isilonda sakho ngezimpawu zokutheleleka, njengokubomvu okwandayo, ukuvuvukala, ukufudumala, noma i-pus. Ngenkathi i-tetanus immune globulin ivikela ebuthini be-tetanus, ayivimbeli ezinye izinhlobo zokutheleleka ngamabhaktheriya ezingase zivele ezingxondweni.

Uma uba nezimpawu ezikhathazayo njengokuqina kwemisipha, ubunzima bokugwinya, noma ukuqina komhlathi phakathi namasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokulimala kwakho, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zakuqala ze-tetanus, yize kungenzeki uma uthole ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ngingayithola i-Tetanus Immune Globulin uma nginezimo zezempilo ezinye?

Izimo eziningi zezempilo azikuvimbeli ukuthola i-tetanus immune globulin, yize ezinye zingadinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe noma izinyathelo zokuphepha. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi uphephile kuwe.

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, noma ezinye izimo eziningi zezempilo ezivamile bangathola i-tetanus immune globulin ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kodwa-ke, labo abanezifo ezinzima zezinso, izifo zokuqina kwegazi, noma izinkinga zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela singadinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile.

Uma unomlando wokungezwani komzimba okukhulu emikhiqizweni yegazi noma kuma-immunoglobulins, udokotela wakho uzohlola izingozi nezinzuzo ngokucophelela. Bangase bakhethe ukunikeza umuthi esibhedlela lapho bengakwazi ukwelapha ngokushesha noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba okungase kwenzeke.

Njalo yazisa udokotela wakho ngazo zonke izimo zakho zezempilo, imithi, kanye nokusabela kwangaphambilini emithini yokugoma noma emikhiqizweni yegazi. Lolu lwazi lubasiza ukuthi benze isinqumo esiphephe kakhulu esimweni sakho esithile futhi luqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuqapha okufanele ngesikhathi nangemva kokwelashwa.