Yini i-Tetanus Toxoid: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Tetanus toxoid ngumgomo okuvikelayo ku-tetanus, isifo esibangelwa amagciwane esingathi sína esithinta uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa. Lo mgomo uqukethe uhlobo olubuthakathaka lwe-toxin olukhiqizwa amagciwane e-tetanus, okusiza amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi afunde ukulwa nokutheleleka kwangempela ngaphandle kokukugulisa.

Ukugonywa ngenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuvimbela i-tetanus, engaba yingozi empilweni uma ithuthuka. Umgomo unikezwa njengesijovo emsipheni wakho, ngokuvamile engalweni yakho engenhla, futhi unikeza ukuvikeleka okuhlala isikhathi eside uma ulandela isimiso esinconyiwe.

Yini i-Tetanus Toxoid Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Tetanus toxoid ivimbela ukutheleleka kwe-tetanus, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-lockjaw. Amagciwane e-Tetanus ahlala emhlabathini, othulini, kanye nodoti wezilwane, futhi angangena emzimbeni wakho ngokusikeka, ukuklwebheka, noma amanxeba okubhoboza.

Lapho amagciwane e-tetanus engena enxebeni, akhiqiza i-toxin enamandla ehlasela uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa. Le toxin ibangela ama-spasms emisipha angathi sína angaba buhlungu futhi ayingozi, ikakhulukazi uma ethinta imisipha oyisebenzisela ukuphefumula nokugwinya.

Umjovo usetshenziswa kokubili njengokugonywa okuvamile kanye nokuvikelwa okuphuthumayo ngemva kokulimala. Ungase uwuthole njengengxenye yesimiso sakho sokugoma esivamile, noma udokotela wakho angase akuphakamise uma unenxeba elingase lingcoliswe ngamagciwane e-tetanus.

Isebenza Kanjani i-Tetanus Toxoid?

I-Tetanus toxoid isebenza ngokufundisa amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi aqaphele futhi alwe ne-tetanus toxin. Umgomo uqukethe inguqulo eguquliwe ye-tetanus toxin ebizwa ngokuthi i-toxoid, eye yahlanzwa ukuze iyenze iphephe ngenkathi igcina ikhono layo lokubangela ukuzivikela emzimbeni.

Uma uthola umgomo, amasosha akho omzimba akha ama-antibody alwa ne-tetanus toxin. Lawa ma-antibody ahlala ohlelweni lwakho futhi anikeze ukuvikeleka uma wake wavezwa kumagciwane e-tetanus wangempela.

Lokhu kuthathwa njengomgomo osebenza kahle kakhulu onikeza ukuvikeleka okuqinile, okuhlala isikhathi eside. Abantu abaningi bathuthukisa ukuzivikela ngemva kokuqeda uchungechunge lokuqala lokugoma, futhi imijovo yokwandisa isiza ukugcina lokho kuvikeleka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Tetanus Toxoid?

I-Tetanus toxoid inikezwa njengomjovo emsipheni wakho, ngokuvamile engalweni yakho engenhla. Umhlinzeki wezempilo uzohlala ekunikeza lo mgomo endaweni yezokwelapha efana nehhovisi likadokotela, umtholampilo, noma esibhedlela.

Akudingeki wenze lutho olukhethekile ukulungiselela umjovo. Ungadla ngokujwayelekile ngaphambi nangemva kokuthola umgomo, futhi akudingeki ukuthi uwuthathe nokudla noma iziphuzo ngoba akuyona imithi yomlomo.

Umjovo ngokwawo uthatha imizuzwana embalwa nje. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzohlanza indawo yokujova ngotshwala, akunike umjovo, futhi angase abeke ibhandishi elincane endaweni ngemva kwalokho.

Ngemva kokuthola umgomo, ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile ngokushesha. Abanye abantu bazwa ubuhlungu obuncane endaweni yokujova, kodwa lokhu ngokuvamile kuyanyamalala ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Tetanus Toxoid?

I-Tetanus toxoid ilandela isimiso esithile kunokuthathwa isikhathi esiqhubekayo. Uchungechunge lokuqala lokugoma ngokuvamile luhlanganisa imithamo eminingi esatshalaliswa ezinyangeni eziningana ukuze kwakhiwe ukuzivikela okuqinile.

Kubantu abadala abangakaze bagonywe, ngokuvamile uzothola imithamo emithathu. Umthamo wesibili uza ngemva kwamasonto angu-4-8 ngemva kowokuqala, futhi umthamo wesithathu uza ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-6-12 ngemva komthamo wesibili.

Uma uqeda uchungechunge lokuqala, uzodinga imijovo yokwandisa njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 ukuze ugcine ukuvikeleka. Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome umthamo owengeziwe uma unamanxeba akubeka engozini ye-tetanus futhi sekudlule iminyaka engaphezu kwemi-5 ngemva kokugonywa kwakho kokugcina.

Izingane zilandela uhlelo oluhlukile njengengxenye yemigomo yazo ejwayelekile, ngokuvamile zithola imithamo eneminyaka engu-2, 4, 6, kanye nezinyanga eziyi-15-18 ubudala, ngemithamo eyengeziwe eneminyaka engu-4-6 ubudala.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Tetanus Toxoid?

Abantu abaningi bathola imiphumela emincane kuphela eceleni evela ku-tetanus toxoid, uma ikhona nhlobo. Umgomo usetshenziswe ngokuphepha amashumi eminyaka futhi ukusabela okungathi sína akuvamile.

Imiphumela ejwayelekile eceleni abantu abaningi abayitholayo ihlanganisa ubuhlungu obuncane, ububomvu, noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova. Lokhu kusabela kuyizimpawu ezijwayelekile zokuthi amasosha akho omzimba ayasabela emgomweni futhi ngokuvamile kulungiswa phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-2-3.

Nawa amanye imiphumela ejwayelekile eceleni ongase uyibone:

• Ubuhlungu noma ukuzwela endaweni yokujova
• Ububomvu noma ukuvuvukala lapho uthole khona umjovo
• Umkhuhlane omncane noma ukuzizwa ungaphilile kancane
• Ikhanda noma ukukhathala
• Ukulimala kwemisipha

Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zincane futhi zibonisa ukuthi umzimba wakho wakha ukuzivikela. Ungasebenzisa izidambisi zokucasuka ezingaphezu kwe-counter futhi usebenzise i-compress ebandayo endaweni yokujova uma kudingeka.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ayivamile kakhulu kodwa ingabandakanya ukusabela okukhulu komzimba. Izimpawu zokusabela okukhulu komzimba zihlanganisa ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, noma ukuqubuka okubanzi.

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zokusabela okukhulu komzimba, kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukusabela okungathi sína kwenzeka ngaphansi kwe-1 kwizigidi eziyi-1.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Tetanus Toxoid?

Abantu abaningi bangathola ngokuphepha i-tetanus toxoid, kodwa kunezimo ezithile lapho kufanele ugweme noma uhlehlise ukugonywa. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ukuze anqume ukuthi umgomo ukufanele yini.

Akufanele uthole i-tetanus toxoid uma wake waba nokusabela okukhulu komzimba kulo mgomo noma kunoma yiziphi izinto zawo esikhathini esidlule. Abantu abanezifo ezinzima ngokuvamile kufanele balinde kuze kube yilapho belulama ngaphambi kokuba bagonywe.

Nazi izimo lapho kufanele uxoxe ngokugonywa ngokucophelela nodokotela wakho:

• Ukusabela okukhulu komzimba ngaphambilini ku-tetanus toxoid
• Ukugula okukhulu ngomkhuhlane
• Umlando wokuphendula okukhulu kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomgomo
• Ezinye izimo zemizwa (ezimweni ezingavamile)
• Ukukhulelwa (nakuba i-tetanus toxoid ngokuvamile ithathwa njengephephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa)

Ukuba nesifo esincane njengomkhuhlane ngokuvamile akukuvimbeli ukuthi ugonywe. Udokotela wakho angasiza ekunqumeni isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokugonywa kwakho ngokusekelwe ezimweni zakho.

Uma unokukhathazeka ngokuthi kufanele yini uthole umgomo, xoxa ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nanoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Bangakunikeza isiqondiso esiqondene nawe ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Tetanus Toxoid

I-Tetanus toxoid itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, nakuba ivame ukunikezwa njengengxenye yemigomo ehlanganisiwe evikela ezifweni eziningi. Amagama omkhiqizo avamile afaka i-Tenivac, equkethe kuphela i-tetanus ne-diphtheria toxoids.

Ngokuvamile, uzothola i-tetanus toxoid njengengxenye yemigomo ehlanganisiwe efana ne-Tdap (Adacel, Boostrix) noma imigomo ye-Td. Lezi zinhlanganisela zivikela ku-tetanus kanye ne-diphtheria futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-pertussis (ukukhwehlela okukhulu).

Umkhiqizo othile owutholayo awuthinti kakhulu ukuvikelwa okutholayo. Yonke imigomo ye-tetanus toxoid evunyelwe ihlangabezana nezindinganiso ezifanayo zokuphepha nokusebenza kahle, ngakho-ke ungezwa uqiniseka kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo usebenzisa muphi umkhiqizo.

Ezinye Izindlela ze-Tetanus Toxoid

Akukho okunye ngqo ngaphandle kokugonywa kwe-tetanus toxoid uma kukhulunywa ngokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-tetanus. Lo mgomo usahlala uyindinganiso yegolide yokuvimbela i-tetanus futhi uyindlela esebenza kahle kakhulu yokuzivikela.

Kodwa-ke, uma ungenakukwazi ukuthola umgomo ngenxa yezizathu zezokwelapha, udokotela wakho angase ancome i-tetanus immune globulin (TIG) ezimweni ezithile. I-TIG inikeza ukuvikelwa ngokushesha kodwa okwesikhashana futhi ivamise ukusetshenziswa ngemva kokuchayeka okungenzeka kumagciwane e-tetanus.

Ukunakekelwa okuhle kwamanxeba kubalulekile futhi ekuvikeleni i-tetanus, nakuba kungewona umgomo wokugoma. Ukuhlanza amanxeba kahle, ukususa imfucumfucu, nokufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngamanxeba ajulile noma angcolile kungasiza ukunciphisa ingozi yakho.

Indlela engcono kakhulu ukuvimbela ngokugoma, njengoba lokhu kunikeza ukuvikelwa okuthembeke kakhulu nokuhlala isikhathi eside ngokumelene nokutheleleka kwe-tetanus.

Ingabe i-Tetanus Toxoid Ingcono Kune-Tetanus Immune Globulin?

I-Tetanus toxoid ne-tetanus immune globulin (TIG) zisebenzela izinhloso ezihlukene futhi azikwazi ukuqhathaniswa ngokuqondile. I-Tetanus toxoid inikeza ukuzivikela okusebenzayo kwesikhathi eside ngokusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi udale ama-antibody awo, kuyilapho i-TIG inikeza ukuzivikela ngokushesha kodwa okwesikhashana.

Umgomo ungcono ekuvikeleni isikhathi eside ngoba ufundisa amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi alwe ne-tetanus ngokwawo. Lokhu kuvikelwa kungahlala iminyaka eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu ngemijovo efanele ye-booster, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo ekuvikeleni okuvamile.

I-TIG isetshenziswa ezimweni eziphuthumayo lapho othile enenxeba elingase lingcoliswe ngamagciwane e-tetanus futhi bengahambisani nemijovo yabo. Inikeza ukuvikelwa ngokushesha kodwa ihlala amasonto ambalwa kuphela.

Ezimweni eziningi eziphuthumayo, odokotela basebenzisa zombili izindlela zokwelapha ndawonye. Bazokwenza i-TIG ukuze bavikele ngokushesha kanye ne-tetanus toxoid ukusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi uqale ukwakha ukuzivikela kwawo kwesikhathi eside.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Tetanus Toxoid

Ingabe i-Tetanus Toxoid iphephile Kwabesifazane Abakhulelwe?

Yebo, i-tetanus toxoid ngokuvamile ithathwa njengephephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi empeleni iyanconywa. I-CDC incoma ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe bathole i-Tdap (efaka i-tetanus toxoid) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngakunye, okungcono phakathi kwamasonto angu-27-36.

Ukugonywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akugcini nje ngokukuvikela kodwa futhi kudlulisela ama-antibody enganeni yakho, okubanikeza ukuvikelwa okuthile ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila kwabo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba izingane azikwazi ukuthola imithi yazo yokugoma i-tetanus kuze kube yilapho zinezinyanga ezi-2 ubudala.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngisebenzisa Ngengozi I-Tetanus Toxoid Eningi Kakhulu?

Awukwazi ngengozi ukuthi "usebenzise okuningi kakhulu" i-tetanus toxoid ngomqondo wendabuko ngoba inikezwa njengomjovo owodwa ngumhlinzeki wezempilo. Kodwa-ke, uma ukhathazekile ngokuthola imithamo eseduze kakhulu, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Ukuthola imithamo eyengeziwe ye-tetanus toxoid ngokuvamile akulimazi, nakuba kungase kwandise amathuba emiphumela emincane efana nobuhlungu endaweni yokujova. Isistimu yakho yokuzivikela ingakwazi ukubhekana nokuchayeka okwengeziwe emgomeni ngokuphepha.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Tetanus Toxoid?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo ohleliwe we-tetanus toxoid, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uhlele kabusha ngokushesha okukhulu. Akudingeki ukuthi uqalise kabusha uchungechunge lonke lokugoma, ngisho noma isikhathi esiningi sidlulile.

Udokotela wakho uzoqoka isikhathi esingcono kakhulu somthamo wakho olandelayo ngokusekelwe ukuthi sekudlule isikhathi esingakanani kusukela ekugonyweni kwakho kokugcina kanye nezici zakho eziyingozi. Into ebalulekile ukubuyela emgqeni ngohlelo lwakho lokugoma.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Tetanus Toxoid?

Kufanele uqhubeke nokuthola imijovo ye-tetanus toxoid booster empilweni yakho yonke, ngokuvamile njalo ngemva kweminyaka eyi-10. Akukho minyaka okufanele uyeke ngayo ukuthola imigomo ye-tetanus, njengoba ingozi yokutheleleka nge-tetanus iqhubeka uma usasebenza futhi ungase uhlangabezane nezimo lapho ungalimala khona.

Abantu abadala bangase babe sengozini enkulu ye-tetanus ngoba ukuzivikela kungancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi bangase bathambekele ekubeni namanxeba angapholi ngokushesha. Ukugcina isimo sokugoma samanje kubalulekile ukuze uvikeleke impilo yakho yonke.

Ngingayithola I-Tetanus Noma Ngigonyiwe?

Ngenkathi i-tetanus toxoid isebenza kahle kakhulu, akukho mgomo ophelele ngo-100%. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka okusha kubantu abagonywe kahle akuvamile kakhulu. Umgomo unikeza ukuvikeleka okuqinile uma ulandela isimiso esinconyiwe futhi uqhubeka nemijovo ye-booster.

Uma usesimweni esihle ngemigomo yakho ye-tetanus, ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa i-tetanus iphansi kakhulu. Noma ngabe ukutheleleka okusha kungenzeka, kungase kube lula kakhulu kunokuba kumuntu ongagonywanga nhlobo.