Yini i-Theophylline (Indlela ye-Intravenous): Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Theophylline enikezwa nge-IV iyimithi ye-bronchodilator esiza ukuvula imigudu yakho yomoya uma unenkinga enkulu yokuphefumula. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ezibhedlela uma udinga ukukhululeka ngokushesha ekuhlaselweni okukhulu kwe-asthma noma ezinye izimo ezingathi sína zamaphaphu ezingaphendulanga kahle kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Le mithi isebenza ngokukhulula imisipha ezungeze imigudu yakho yomoya, okwenza kube lula ukuthi uphefumule. Ngenkathi ibilokhu iyindlela yokwelapha ethenjwayo amashumi eminyaka, odokotela manje bavame ukugcina i-IV theophylline ezimweni eziyinselele lapho eminye imithi ingazange inikeze ukukhululeka okwanele.

Yini i-Theophylline?

I-Theophylline iyimithi eyingxenye yeqembu elibizwa ngokuthi ama-methylxanthines, okuyizinhlanganisela ezisiza ukuphumuza izicubu zemisipha ebushelelezi emzimbeni wakho. Uma inikezwa nge-intravenously, iya ngqo egazini lakho ukuze isebenze ngokushesha uma iqhathaniswa namaphilisi noma izinhlobo zomlomo.

Le mithi ihlobene ne-caffeine, yingakho eminye yemiphumela yayo ingase izizwe ijwayelekile uma uzwela ekhofini noma etiyeni. Uhlobo lwe-IV luvumela odokotela ukuthi balawule umthamo ngokunembile futhi baqaphe ukusabela komzimba wakho ngokucophelela, okubaluleke kakhulu ngoba i-theophylline idinga ukuhlala ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile egazini lakho ukuze isebenze ngokuphepha.

Ngokuvamile uzothola le mithi endaweni yezibhedlela lapho ochwepheshe bezempilo bengabheka noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi futhi balungise umthamo wakho njengoba kudingeka. Indlela ye-IV iqinisekisa ukuthi imithi ifinyelela emaphashini akho ngokushesha uma unenkinga yokuphefumula.

Isetshenziselwani i-Theophylline?

I-IV theophylline isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kwe-asthma kanye nokuqubuka kwesifo samaphaphu esingapheli (COPD) lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi kahle ngokwanele. Ithathwa njengendlela yokwelapha yesibili, okusho ukuthi odokotela bavame ukuzama eminye imithi kuqala.

Nawa amakhondishini amakhulu lapho udokotela wakho angase ancome khona i-IV theophylline:

• Ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kwe-asthma okungaphenduli kuma-bronchodilators ajwayelekile njenge-albuterol
• Ukuqina kwe-COPD (ukuqina okungazelelwe kwezimpawu) ezigulini ezibhedlela
• I-Status asthmaticus, okuyisifo se-asthma esisongela impilo esingathuthuki ngemithi ejwayelekile
• I-Apnea of prematurity ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, lapho izingane ziyeka ukuphefumula isikhashana
• Ngezinye izikhathi ezigulini ezinenhliziyo ehlulekayo ezinamanzi emaphashini azo

Ezimweni ezingavamile, odokotela bangase basebenzise i-theophylline kwezinye izimo ezihlobene nokuphefumula, kodwa lezi zimo azivamile. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizohlola ngokucophelela izinzuzo ngokumelene nezingozi ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuncoma lokhu kwelashwa esimweni sakho esithile.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Theophylline?

I-Theophylline isebenza ngokuvimba ama-enzyme athile emzimbeni wakho abizwa ngokuthi ama-phosphodiesterases, okuvumela imisipha yakho yomoya ukuthi iphumule kalula. Cabanga ngayo njengokususa amabhuleki agcina imigudu yakho yomoya iqine, okuyivumela ukuthi ivuleke ukuze umoya ugeleze ngokukhululeka.

Umuthi futhi unomphumela omncane wokulwa nokuvuvukala, okungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala okuthile emoyeni wakho okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. Ukwengeza, kungaqinisa imisipha yakho ye-diaphragm, okuyimisipha oyisebenzisela ukuphefumula.

Njenge-bronchodilator, i-theophylline ithathwa njengeqinile ngokulinganisela kodwa idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela ngoba umehluko phakathi komthamo osebenzayo nomthamo ongaba yingozi mncane. Yingakho uzodinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ukuze uhlole amazinga e-theophylline ngenkathi uyithola.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Theophylline?

Njengoba le yimithi efakwa emthanjeni, ngeke uyithathe wena uqobo - ochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe bazoyiphatha ngomugqa we-IV engalweni yakho noma esandleni sakho. Imithi ivamise ukunikezwa njengokufakwa okuqhubekayo, okuhamba kancane kunokuthi kujovwe ngokushesha.

Unesi wakho uzoqala ngomthamo wokulayisha, okuyimali enkulu yokuqala ukuze izinga lomuthi egazini lakho lifike lapho okudingeka libe khona ngokushesha. Ngemva kwalokho, uzothola inani eliqhubekayo, elincane nge-IV ukuze ugcine izinga elifanele ohlelweni lwakho.

Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuthatha lo muthi nokudla noma amanzi ngoba uqondiswe ngqo emgudwini wakho wegazi. Nokho, yazisa ithimba lakho lezempilo nganoma iyiphi i-caffeine oyithole muva nje, njengoba ingathinta indlela i-theophylline esebenza ngayo emzimbeni wakho.

I-IV izoqashwa ngokucophelela, futhi ithimba lakho lezempilo lizohlola indawo yokufaka njalo ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi akukho ukucasuka noma ukuvuvukala. Uma uqaphela noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki endaweni ye-IV, yazisa unesi wakho ngokushesha.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Theophylline?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-IV theophylline buxhomeke ekutheni zinzima kangakanani izinkinga zakho zokuphefumula nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini. Abantu abaningi bayayithola izinsuku ezimbalwa nje ngenkathi besesibhedlela.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukuphefumula kwakho, amazinga omoya-mpilo, nezivivinyo zegazi ukuze anqume ukuthi usukulungele nini ukuyeka imithi noma ukushintshela ekwelashweni okuhlukile. Ezinye iziguli zingashintshela ku-theophylline yomlomo noma ezinye izidakamizwa ze-bronchodilators ngaphambi kokuthi i-IV iyekwe.

Ezimweni eziningi, uzoqhubeka nokuthola i-IV theophylline kuze kube yilapho ukuphefumula kwakho kuthuthuka kakhulu futhi udokotela wakho ezizwa eqiniseka ukuthi ungagcina ukuphefumula okuzinzile ngokwelashwa okuhlukile. Le nqubo ihamba kancane futhi iqashwe ngokucophelela ukuvimbela noma yiziphi izithiyo.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Theophylline?

Njenganoma imiphi imithi, i-IV theophylline ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ivame ukuhlobana nokufana komuthi ne-caffeine.

Nawa amanye amiphumela emibi ovame ukuyithola:

• Ukucasuka kwesisu nokuhlanza
• Ukucabeka kwekhanda
• Ukungazinzi noma ukuzizwa uqhaqhazela
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Ubunzima bokulala
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu noma isilungulela
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukuzamazama kwezandla

Le miphumela emibi ivamise ukulawuleka futhi ingase ithuthuke njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokuqapha ngokucophelela futhi lingashintsha umthamo wakho uma kudingeka.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ingenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma amazinga e-theophylline ekhuphuka kakhulu egazini lakho. Lokhu kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha futhi kufaka phakathi ukucasuka kwesisu nokuhlanza okukhulu, ukudideka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ukuquleka, noma ukucabeka kwekhanda okukhulu.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, abanye abantu bangase bathole ukusabela komzimba, isifo sohudo esiqhubekayo, noma izinguquko ezingavamile emoyeni noma ekuziphatheni. Ithimba lakho lezempilo liqeqeshwe ukubheka lezi zimpawu futhi lizothatha isinyathelo esifanele uma zenzeka.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Theophylline?

Kunezimo eziningana lapho i-IV theophylline ingase ingabi yindlela efanele kuwe. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuncoma lokhu kwelashwa.

Abantu okufanele bagweme i-theophylline ngokuvamile bahlanganisa labo abane:

• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo ne-theophylline noma izinhlanganisela ezihlobene
• Izinkinga ezinzima zesigqi senhliziyo
• Isifo samathumba esisebenzayo
• Ukuphazamiseka kokuquleka okungalawuleki
• Isifo sesibindi esibi
• I-Hyperthyroidism engalawuleki kahle

Udokotela wakho uzophinda aqaphele kakhulu uma unesifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, izinkinga zezinso, noma uma usumdala. Lezi zimo akudingeki zikuvimbele ekutholeni i-theophylline, kodwa zidinga ukuqapha okuseduze futhi mhlawumbe imithamo ehlukile.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo bangathola i-theophylline uma kudingeka, kodwa izinzuzo nezingozi kumele zilinganiswe ngokucophelela. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizoxoxa ngalokhu nawe uma kusebenza esimweni sakho.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Theophylline

I-theophylline ye-IV iyatholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, nakuba izibhedlela eziningi zisebenzisa inguqulo ejwayelekile. Amagama omkhiqizo ajwayelekile afaka i-Aminophylline, okuyisawoti le-theophylline elivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphathwa kwe-IV.

Ungase futhi uzwe abahlinzeki bezempilo bekhuluma ngayo ngokuthi

I-Theophylline akuyona ngempela engcono noma embi kunezinye izinto ezithuthukisa ukuhamba komoya - ihlukile, futhi ukukhetha okungcono kuncike esimweni sakho ngasinye. Imithi yesimanje ivame ukuthanda izinto ezintsha ezithuthukisa ukuhamba komoya njenge-albuterol noma i-ipratropium njengemithi yokuqala yokwelapha ngoba ngokuvamile kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi inemiphumela emincane.

Nokho, i-theophylline ingasiza kakhulu lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zinganikezanga ukukhululeka okwanele. Isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunezinye izinto eziningi ezithuthukisa ukuhamba komoya, okusho ukuthi ingasiza lapho eminye imithi isifinyelele emkhawulweni wayo.

Inzuzo enkulu ye-theophylline ukuthi inganikeza ukuthuthukiswa komoya okuqhubekayo futhi inemiphumela ethile elwa nokuvuvukala. Okubi okukhulu ukuthi idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela futhi inamathuba amaningi emiphumeleni emibi uma iqhathaniswa nezinto ezithuthukisa ukuhamba komoya eziphefumulwayo.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela isimo sakho sokuphefumula esithile, eminye imithi oyithathayo, nempilo yakho yonke lapho enquma ukuthi i-theophylline iyindlela ekufanele yini.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Theophylline

Ingabe i-Theophylline iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Theophylline ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, kodwa idinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe. Umuthi ungakhuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi ungase uthinte isigqi senhliziyo, ngakho udokotela wakho uzodinga ukulinganisa izinzuzo zokuphefumula kwakho ngokumelene nezingozi ezingaba khona enhliziyweni yakho.

Uma unezifo zenhliziyo, ithimba lakho lezempilo cishe lizoqala ngomthamo ophansi futhi liqaphe isigqi senhliziyo yakho ngokucophelela ngenkathi uthola umuthi. Bangase futhi bahlole ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho kaningi kunokujwayelekile.

Ngingenzani uma ngithola i-Theophylline eningi ngengozi?

Njengoba uthola i-theophylline nge-IV endaweni yasesibhedlela, ithimba lakho lezempilo lilawula umthamo futhi liqapha izimpawu zomuthi owedlulele. Kodwa-ke, uma uqaphela izimpawu ezinjengokugula okukhulu, ukuhlanza, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukudideka, noma ukuquleka, yazisa umhlengikazi wakho ngokushesha.

Ukweqisa kwe-Theophylline kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lingayeka ngokushesha ukufakwa futhi linikeze ukunakekelwa okusekelayo uma kudingeka. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani i-theophylline inikezwa ezindaweni zase-hospital ezilawulwa ngokucophelela.

Kwenziwani Uma i-IV Yami Ikhishwa?

Uma i-theophylline yakho ye-IV ikhishwa noma iyeka ukusebenza, yazisa umhlengikazi wakho ngokushesha. Ungazami ukuyixhuma kabusha ngokwakho. Ukweqa imithamo ye-theophylline kungabangela ukuthi izinkinga zakho zokuphefumula zibuye, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubuyisela umuthi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizoxhuma kabusha i-IV yakho yamanje noma liqale entsha uma kudingeka. Bazokuqapha eduze ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi ukuphefumula kwakho kuhlala kuzinzile ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka ekwelashweni.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha i-Theophylline?

Ungayeka ukuthatha i-theophylline ye-IV lapho udokotela wakho enquma ukuthi ukuphefumula kwakho kuthuthuke ngokwanele kangangokuthi awusadingi. Lesi sinqumo sisekelwe ezintweni eziningana ezihlanganisa amazinga akho omoya-mpilo, ukuthi uphefumula kalula kangakanani, nemiphumela evela ekuhlolweni komsebenzi wamaphaphu.

Udokotela wakho angase anciphise kancane umthamo ngaphambi kokuwuyeka ngokuphelele, noma angase akuqhubekisele emithini yomlomo noma ekwelashweni okungeniswa. Isikhathi siyahluka kumuntu ngamunye ngokusekelwe ekuphenduleni kwabo ngabanye ekwelashweni kanye nesimo esiyisisekelo eselashwayo.

Ngingaba ne-Caffeine Ngesikhathi Ngithola i-Theophylline?

Kungcono ukugwema noma ukunciphisa i-caffeine ngenkathi uthola i-theophylline ngoba zombili lezi zinto zinomphumela ofanayo emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba ne-caffeine eningi kungakhuphula ingozi yemiphumela emibi efana nokuthuthumela, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, nobunzima bokulala.

Uma uvame ukuphuza ikhofi, itiye, noma ezinye iziphuzo ezine-caffeine, yazisa ithimba lakho lezempilo. Bangakunika iseluleko sokuthi ngabe amanani amancane alungile noma ngabe kufanele ugweme i-caffeine ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho.