Yini i-Tocainide: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Tocainide iyimithi kadokotela esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinkinga ezinkulu zokushaya kwenhliziyo ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-arrhythmias e-ventricular asongela impilo. Le mithi yomlomo ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-antiarrhythmics, asebenza ngokusiza inhliziyo yakho ukuthi ishaye ngendlela ejwayelekile. Ngenkathi i-tocainide ingasebenza kakhulu ezimweni ezithile zenhliziyo, ngokuvamile igcinelwe izimo lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzanga ngenxa yamathuba emiphumela emibi.

Yini i-Tocainide?

I-Tocainide iyi-sodium channel blocker esiza ukulawula umsebenzi kagesi ongajwayelekile enhliziyweni yakho. Cabanga ngayo njengomlawuli wethrafikhi wezimpawu zikagesi ezenza inhliziyo yakho ishaye. Lapho lezi zimpawu ziba nezinxushunxushu noma zisheshe ngendlela eyingozi, i-tocainide isiza ukubuyisela isigqi esijwayelekile.

Le mithi ifana nesakhiwo se-lidocaine, i-anesthetic yendawo ongase uyazi ezindleleni zamazinyo. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani ne-lidocaine, i-tocainide ingathathwa ngomlomo futhi ihlale isebenza emzimbeni wakho isikhathi eside. Yenzelwe ngokuqondile ukugxila emagumbini aphansi enhliziyo yakho, abizwa ngokuthi ama-ventricles, lapho izinkinga zesigqi ezisongela impilo zivame ukwenzeka.

I-Tocainide ithathwa njengokwelashwa komugqa wesibili, okusho ukuthi odokotela bavame ukuzama eminye imithi kuqala. Le ndlela isiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okufanele kakhulu ngenkathi kunciphisa izingozi ezingaba khona.

Yini i-Tocainide Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Tocainide ikakhulukazi inikezwa ama-arrhythmias e-ventricular asongela impilo angazange aphendule kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Lezi yizifo ezinkulu zesigqi senhliziyo ezingabulala uma zingelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzoncoma i-tocainide kuphela uma izinzuzo zicacile ukwedlula izingozi.

Izimo ezivame kakhulu eziphathwa nge-tocainide zihlanganisa i-ventricular tachycardia kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okungaphambi kwesikhathi. I-Ventricular tachycardia yenzeka lapho amagumbi aphansi enhliziyo yakho eshaya ngokushesha kakhulu, kanti ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungaphambi kwesikhathi kuyizinhliziyo ezengeziwe ezingaphazamisa isigqi sakho esijwayelekile.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela banikeza i-tocainide ezigulini ezingakwazi ukubekezelela eminye imithi elwa nokungahambi kahle kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kungenzeka uma uke wahlangabezana nemiphumela emibi evela kweminye imithi yesigqi senhliziyo noma uma ingasebenzi kahle esimweni sakho esithile.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Tocainide?

I-Tocainide isebenza ngokuvimba iziteshi ze-sodium emangqamuzaneni emisipha yenhliziyo yakho. Lezi ziteshi zifana namasango amancane alawula ukugeleza kwezimpawu zikagesi enhliziyweni yakho. Lapho lawa masango eba matasa ngokweqile, isigqi senhliziyo yakho singaba esingajwayelekile ngendlela eyingozi.

Ngokuvimba ingxenye yalezi ziteshi ze-sodium, i-tocainide yehlisa izimpawu zikagesi ezibangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. Lokhu kunikeza i-pacemaker yemvelo yenhliziyo yakho ithuba lokubuyisa ukulawula futhi isungule isigqi esivamile. Umuthi uthathwa njengonamandla ngokulinganisela phakathi kwemithi elwa nokungahambi kahle kwenhliziyo.

Imiphumela ye-tocainide iqala kungakapheli amahora ambalwa ngemva kokuyithatha, kodwa kungase kuthathe izinsuku eziningana ukufinyelela emiphumeleni yayo ephelele yokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha isigqi senhliziyo yakho ngokucophelela ngalesi sikhathi ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi umuthi usebenza ngempumelelo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Tocainide?

Thatha i-tocainide ngendlela eqondile njengoba uyalelwe udokotela wakho, ngokuvamile njalo ngamahora angu-8 kuya kwangu-12. Ungayithatha ngaphandle kokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, kodwa ukuyithatha nokudla kungasiza ekunciphiseni isisu esibuhlungu. Ngaso sonke isikhathi gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngenkomishi yamanzi egcwele.

Zama ukuthatha imithamo yakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho. Lokhu kuvumelana kusiza umuthi ukuthi usebenze ngempumelelo. Uma udinga ukuthatha imithamo eminingi nsuku zonke, zihlukanise ngokulinganayo usuku lonke.

Ungacindezeli, uhlafune, noma uphule amaphilisi ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ngqo ukuthi wenze njalo. Lokhu kungathinta indlela umuthi omuncwa ngayo futhi kungase kwandise ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinketho ezingezinye.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Tocainide?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-tocainide buhlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo sakho esithile nokuphendula kwakho emuthini. Abanye abantu bangase bayidinge izinyanga ezimbalwa, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi usawudinga yini umuthi.

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho, uzoba nokuhlolwa okuvamile okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi nokuqapha isigqi senhliziyo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlulele ukuthi umuthi usebenza kahle kangakanani futhi aqaphele noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi ekhathazayo. Ungayeki ukuthatha i-tocainide ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Uma wena nodokotela wakho ninquma ukuyeka i-tocainide, cishe uzodinga ukunciphisa umthamo kancane kancane. Le nqubo yokunciphisa isiza ukuvimbela izinkinga zakho zesigqi senhliziyo ukuthi zingabuyi ngokuzumayo futhi inikeza udokotela wakho isikhathi sokuqala ukwelashwa okungokunye uma kudingeka.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Emibi Ye-Tocainide?

I-Tocainide ingabangela imiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene, kusukela kokulula kuya kokukhulu. Ukuqonda le miphumela engaba khona kukusiza ukuthi wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke nokuthi kufanele uxhumane nini nodokotela wakho. Abantu abaningi baba nemiphumela emibi ethile, kodwa eminingi iyaphathwa ngesiqondiso esifanele sezokwelapha.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ethinta abantu abaningi ihlanganisa isiyezi, isicanucanu, nokuthuthumela. Lokhu kuvamile ukwenzeka emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emuthini:

• Isiyezi noma ukuzizwa ulula ekhanda, ikakhulukazi uma usukuma
• Isicanucanu nokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukuzamazama, ikakhulukazi ezandleni zakho
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele ngokungavamile
• Ikhanda
• Ukudideka noma ubunzima bokugxila
• Umbono ongacacile

Lezi zinto ezivamile zivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Kodwa-ke, uma ziba zimbi noma ziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha futhi ihlanganisa izifo zegazi nezinkinga zamaphaphu. Nakuba lokhu kungavamile, kungaba yingozi empilweni uma kungalungiswa ngokushesha:

• Izimpawu zezifo zegazi: ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile, ukulimala, umkhuhlane, noma umphimbo obuhlungu oqhubekayo
• Izinkinga zamaphaphu: ukuphefumula kanzima, ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, noma ubuhlungu besifuba
• Izinkinga zesibindi: ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo, umchamo omnyama, noma ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Ukwanda kwezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo noma ubuhlungu obusha besifuba
• Ukuphendula kwesikhumba okukhulu noma ukuqubuka

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi yale miphumela emibi, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma funa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo. Ukubona nokwelashwa kwalezi zinkinga kusenesikhathi kungavimbela izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe I-Tocainide?

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme i-tocainide ngenxa yobungozi obandayo bezinkinga ezinzima. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyalela lo muthi. Ukwethembeka mayelana nezimo zakho zempilo kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha kwakho.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo akufanele bathathe i-tocainide ngoba ingenza isimo sabo sibe sibi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa abantu abanezinhlobo ezithile zokuvinjwa kwenhliziyo noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu:

• Ukuvinjwa kwenhliziyo okwesibili noma okwesithathu ngaphandle kwe-pacemaker
• Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu okungalawulwa kahle
• Ukuzwela okwaziwayo ku-tocainide noma imithi efanayo
• Isifo esibi sezinso noma sesibindi

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanezifo zegazi ngokuvamile kufanele bagweme i-tocainide njengoba ingenza lezi zimo zibe zimbi. Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukukala izingozi ngokucophelela uma unomlando wezinkinga zegazi.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo kufanele baxoxe ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wabo. Nakuba i-tocainide ingase idingeke ezimweni ezisongela ukuphila, ezinye izindlela eziphephile ziyakhethwa uma kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Tocainide

Igama elivamile lomkhiqizo we-tocainide yi-Tonocard. Nokho, lo muthi awusatholakali kabanzi emazweni amaningi, okuhlanganisa i-United States, ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokuphepha nokutholakala kwezinye izindlela ezintsha.

Uma njengamanje usebenzisa i-tocainide, udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi wayithola ngezinhlelo ezikhethekile noma imithombo yamazwe ngamazwe. Ezinye izinhlobo ezivamile zingase zitholakale kwezinye izifunda, kodwa ukutholakala kuyahluka kakhulu ngendawo.

Ngenxa yokutholakala okulinganiselwe, udokotela wakho cishe uzoxoxa ngokushintshela emithini enye etholakala kalula futhi engase iphephe ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhathi eside.

Ezinye Izindlela ze-Tocainide

Imithi eminingi ehlukile ingelapha izinkinga ezifanayo zesigqi senhliziyo, ngokuvamile ngamaphrofayili okuzivikela angcono. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela isimo sakho esithile nomlando wezokwelapha lapho ekhetha inketho engcono kakhulu kuwe. Ezinye izindlela zanamuhla zivame ukunikeza ukusebenza okufanayo nemiphumela emibi embalwa.

Ezinye izindlela ezivamile zihlanganisa eminye imithi elwa nokungahambi kahle kwenhliziyo efana ne-amiodarone, i-flecainide, noma i-propafenone. Ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo nezingozi, futhi udokotela wakho uzosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi iyiphi efaneleka kakhulu esimweni sakho.

Ukwelashwa okungekona okwemithi kungase futhi kube ezinye izinketho, okuhlanganisa izinqubo ze-catheter ablation noma amadivayisi afakelwayo afana nama-pacemakers noma ama-defibrillators. Lokhu kungenelela ngezinye izikhathi kungahlinzeka ngokuqapha okungcono kwesikhathi eside kwezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo ngaphandle kwesidingo semithi yansuku zonke.

Ingabe i-Tocainide Ingcono Kune-Lidocaine?

I-Tocainide ne-lidocaine zisebenza ngendlela efanayo kodwa zomehluko obalulekile endleleni ezisetshenziswa ngayo. I-Lidocaine kufanele inikezwe ngomthambo esibhedlela, kanti i-tocainide ingathathwa ngomlomo ekhaya. Lokhu kwenza i-tocainide ilungele ukwelashwa isikhathi eside.

Kodwa-ke, i-lidocaine ngokuvamile ithathwa njengephephile ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhashana ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Isheshisa ukususwa emzimbeni futhi inemiphumela emincane yesikhathi eside. I-Tocainide, ngenkathi ilungele, inezingozi eziphakeme zokuhlushwa okukhulu ngokuyisebenzisa isikhathi eside.

Udokotela wakho uzokhetha phakathi kwale mithi ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho ezithile. Uma udinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha esibhedlela, i-lidocaine ingase ikhethwe. Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo ekhaya, i-tocainide ingase icatshangelwe, nakuba ezinye izindlela ezintsha zivame ukuzanywa kuqala.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Tocainide

Ingabe i-Tocainide iphephile kubantu abanezifo zezinso?

Abantu abanezifo zezinso badinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile lapho bethatha i-tocainide. Izinso zakho zisiza ukususa lo muthi emzimbeni wakho, ngakho ukuncipha komsebenzi wezinso kungabangela ukuthi umuthi wakheke emazingeni angaba yingozi.

Uma unezinkinga zezinso, udokotela wakho cishe uzoqoka umthamo omncane futhi akuqaphele eduze. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile kuzosiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi awuqoqi emazingeni ayingozi. Ezifweni ezinzima zezinso, ukwelashwa okuhlukile kuvame ukukhethwa.

Ngingenzani uma ngithatha i-Tocainide eningi ngengozi?

Uma usola ukuthi uthathe i-tocainide eningi, funa usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha. Izimpawu zokweqisa zingabandakanya isiyezi esikhulu, ukudideka, ukuhlaselwa, noma izinguquko eziyingozi zesigqi senhliziyo. Isikhathi sibalulekile ezimweni zokweqisa.

Ngenkathi ulinde usizo lwezokwelapha, ungazami ukuzihlanza ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngqo yisikhungo sokulawula ubuthi. Gcina ibhodlela lomuthi nawe ukuze ubonise abahlinzeki bezempilo ukuthi uthathe ini nokuthi ungakanani.

Kumele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiye Ngaphuthelwa Umthamo We-Tocainide?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo futhi kusemahoreni ambalwa esikhathini sakho esihleliwe, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe futhi uqhubeke neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungandisa ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi engathí sina. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana namaqhinga okukusiza ukuthi ukhumbule noma ukuthi ngabe ishejuli yemithi ehlukile ingasebenza kangcono.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Tocainide?

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-tocainide ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kwesiqondiso sikadokotela wakho. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela izinkinga zakho zesigqi senhliziyo ukuthi zibuye ngokuzumayo futhi zibe yingozi empilweni. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza uhlelo lokunciphisa kancane umthamo wakho uma ukuyeka kufanelekile.

Isinqumo sokuyeka i-tocainide sincike ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa ukuthi isimo sakho silawulwa kahle kangakanani nokuthi ngabe imithi ehlukile iyatholakala yini. Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi usayidinga yini imithi ngokusekelwe ekuqaphelweni kwesigqi senhliziyo yakho nempilo yakho yonke.

Ngingakwazi Yini Ukuphuza Utshwala Ngenkathi Ngithatha I-Tocainide?

Kungcono ukugwema utshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-tocainide noma ukulinciphisa kakhulu. Utshwala bungandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi efana nesiyezi futhi bungase buthinte isigqi senhliziyo yakho. Kungase futhi kuphazamise indlela umzimba wakho osebenza ngayo imithi.

Uma ukhetha ukuphuza ngezikhathi ezithile, xoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho kuqala. Bangakunikeza iseluleko ngemikhawulo ephephile ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile futhi bakusize uqonde izingozi ezihilelekile.