Yini Umgomo Wethayiphoyidi (Ongasebenzi): Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

Umjovo wethayiphoyidi ngumjovo ovikelayo osiza ekuvikeleni umkhuhlane wethayiphoyidi, okuyisifo esibangelwa amagciwane esingathi sína. Lolu hlobo oluthile lusebenzisa amagciwane angasebenzi (abulaliwe), okwenza luphephe kubantu abaningi ngenkathi lusakha ukuzivikela okunamandla emzimbeni ngokuqeda lesi sifo.

Umkhuhlane wethayiphoyidi usabalala ngokudla namanzi angcolile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingenhlanzeko. Umgomo usebenza njengenkambo yokuqeqeshwa yamasosha omzimba wakho, uwafundisa ukuthi aqaphele futhi alwe namagciwane e-thayiphoyidi ngaphambi kokuthi uhlangane nento yangempela.

Yini Umgomo Wethayiphoyidi (Ongasebenzi)?

Umjovo wethayiphoyidi ongasebenzi uqukethe amagciwane e-Salmonella typhi abulaliwe angeke abangele ukutheleleka. Umzimba wakho uqaphela lezi zingcezu zamagciwane ezingenangozi futhi udala ama-antibody ukuze akuvikele ekuchayekeni esikhathini esizayo kuthayiphoyidi.

Lo mgomo uza njengomjovo onikezwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba (subcutaneous) noma emsipheni. Ngokungafani nomgomo wethayiphoyidi ophilayo ngomlomo, inguqulo engasebenziyo ayikwazi ukubangela umkhuhlane wethayiphoyidi ngoba amagciwane afile ngokuphelele.

Umjovo unikeza ukuvikelwa iminyaka emi-2-3, nakuba ukuzivikela emzimbeni kungase kuqale ukwehla ngemva konyaka wokuqala. Abahambi abaningi nabasebenzi bezempilo bathembele kulolu gomo lapho bevakashela noma besebenza ezindaweni eziyingozi.

Usetshenziselwani Umgomo Wethayiphoyidi (Ongasebenzi)?

Lo mgomo uvimbela umkhuhlane wethayiphoyidi kubantu abangase bachayeke emagciwaneni. Kunconywa ikakhulukazi kubahambi bamazwe ngamazwe abaya emazweni lapho i-thayiphoyidi ivamile.

Abasebenzi bezempilo, abasebenzi baselebhu, kanye nabantu abasondelene nabathwali be-thayiphoyidi nabo bayazuza kulokhu kuvikelwa. Umgomo ubaluleke kakhulu kunoma ubani oya ezingxenyeni ze-Asia, i-Afrika, ne-Latin America lapho i-thayiphoyidi iseyinkinga enkulu yezempilo.

Abanye abantu bathola umgomo njengengxenye yezinyathelo zokulawula ukuqubuka noma uma behlala ezindaweni ezinokudluliselwa kwe-typhoid okwaziwayo. Abasebenzi bezempi abaya ezifundeni ezithile nabo bangase bathole lo mgomo njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela.

Isebenza Kanjani Umgomo We-Typhoid (Ongasebenzi)?

Umjovo usebenza ngokwethula amasosha akho omzimba izingcezu zamagciwane e-typhoid afile. Umzimba wakho uphatha lezi zingcezu njengezihlaseli zangaphandle futhi ukhiqiza ama-antibody aklanyelwe ngqo ukulwa ne-typhoid.

Le nqubo ngokuvamile ithatha amasonto angu-2-3 ngemuva kokugonywa ukuze ifinyelele ekusebenzeni ngokugcwele. Amasosha akho omzimba akha amaseli enkumbulo akhumbula ukuthi angalwa kanjani namagciwane e-typhoid, enikeza ukuvikelwa uma uveza ukutheleleka bukhoma kamuva.

Umjovo uthathwa njengomkhulu ngokulinganisela, unikeza ukuvikelwa okuhle emkhuhlaneni we-typhoid. Kodwa-ke, awusebenzi ngempela ngo-100%, ngakho-ke kufanele usaqhubeke nokuziphatha okuhle kwenhlanzeko nemikhuba yokudla ephephile uma uya ezindaweni eziyingozi.

Kufanele Ngithathe Kanjani Umgomo We-Typhoid (Ongasebenzi)?

Umjovo unikezwa njengomjovo owodwa, ngokuvamile engalweni yakho engenhla. Umhlinzeki wezempilo uzohlanza indawo yokujova futhi akunike umjovo ngaphansi kwesikhumba noma emsipheni.

Kufanele uthole umgomo okungenani amasonto angu-2-3 ngaphambi kokuba ubhekane ne-typhoid. Lesi sikhathi sivumela amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi akhe ama-antibody okuvikela ngaphambi kokuba uhambe noma uhlangane nezimo eziyingozi.

Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekayo ngaphambi kokuthola umgomo. Ungadla ngokujwayelekile futhi akudingeki ukuthi ukuthathe nokudla noma amanzi ngoba kungumjovo. Kodwa-ke, yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo nganoma yimiphi imithi oyithathayo noma izimo zempilo onazo.

Kufanele Ngithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani Umgomo We-Typhoid (Ongasebenzi)?

Umjovo we-typhoid ngokuvamile unikezwa njengomthamo owodwa onikeza ukuvikelwa iminyaka engu-2-3. Akudingeki ukuthi u"thathe" njalo njengemithi yansuku zonke.

Uma uqhubeka nokuba sengozini yokuchayeka ku-typhoid ngemva kweminyaka engu-2-3, uzodinga umjovo wokukhuthaza. Abahambi abaningi abavame ukuhamba noma abantu abahlala ezindaweni ezinobungozi obukhulu bathola imijovo yokukhuthaza njalo eminyakeni engu-2-3 ukuze bagcine ukuvikeleka.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokusiza ukuthi unqume isikhathi esifanele semithamo yokukhuthaza ngokusekelwe ezingozini zakho zomuntu ngamunye kanye nezinhlelo zakho zokuhamba. Abanye abantu bangase badinge imijovo yokukhuthaza kaningi uma benamasistimu omzimba angavikelekile.

Yini Imiphumela Eceleni Yomgomo We-Typhoid (Ongasebenzi)?

Abantu abaningi bathola imiphumela emincane eceleni elungiswayo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Lezi zimo zibonisa ukuthi amasosha akho omzimba ayasabela emgomeni futhi akha ukuvikeleka.

Nazi izimo ezingezinhle ezivamile ongase uzithole:

• Ubuhlungu, ububomvu, noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova
• Umkhuhlane ophansi (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kuka-101°F)
• Ikhanda
• Ukulimala kwemisipha
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele
• Isicanucanu noma ukungakhululeki kwesisu

Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zivela phakathi kwamahora angu-24-48 futhi zinyamalala zodwa phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3. Izidambisi zobuhlungu ezingathengwa ngaphandle kwemithi zingasiza ekuphatheni ukungakhululeki uma kudingeka.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ayivamile kodwa ingabandakanya ukusabela okukhulu komzimba. Nawa amasignali okuxwayisa adinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuhlaselwa
• Ukuvuvukala okukhulu kobuso, izindebe, noma umphimbo
• Ukuqubuka okubanzi noma imihuzuko
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu ngaphezu kuka-102°F
• Ukwamukela okukhulu noma okuqhubekayo
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka endaweni yokujova (ukwanda kobubomvu, ukufudumala, ubovu)

Uma uthola noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezinzima, funa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Lezi zimo azivamile kodwa zidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma zenzeka.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole Umgomo We-Typhoid (Ongasebenzi)?

Abantu abathile kufanele bayigweme le mithi yokugoma ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokuphepha noma ukusebenza kahle okuncishisiwe. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ukuze anqume ukuthi umuthi wokugoma ukulungele yini.

Amaqembu alandelayo akufanele athole umuthi wokugoma i-typhoid ongasebenzi:

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• Abantu abanezifo ezinzima noma umkhuhlane ophezulu (lindela kuze kube yilapho belulama)
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• Noma ubani onokungezwani komzimba okukhulu okwaziwayo ezingxenyeni zomuthi wokugoma
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• Abantu ababa nokusabela okukhulu emithini yokugoma i-typhoid yangaphambilini
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• Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala (umuthi wokugoma awuvunyelwe kuleli qembu leminyaka)
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Abanye abantu badinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile kodwa bangase bathole umuthi wokugoma ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha:

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• Abesifazane abakhulelwe (ngokuvamile bayagwenywa ngaphandle kokuthi basengozini enkulu)
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• Abantu abanezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezihlaselwe
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• Labo abathatha imithi ecindezela ukuzivikela komzimba
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• Abantu abanezifo ezingapheli njengesifo sikashukela noma isifo senhliziyo
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Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqaphela izinzuzo nezingozi zesimo sakho esithile. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuvikelwa yi-typhoid kudlula ukukhathazeka okungenzeka ngomuthi wokugoma, ikakhulukazi kubahambi abasengozini enkulu.

Amagama Omkhiqizo Womuthi Wokugoma I-Typhoid (Ongasebenzi)

Igama lomkhiqizo elivamile lomuthi wokugoma i-typhoid ongasebenzi yi-Typhim Vi. Lo muthi wokugoma ukhiqizwa yi-Sanofi Pasteur futhi utholakala kabanzi emitholampilo nasemithini yokuhamba.

Ezinye izikhungo zezempilo zingase zibhekisele kuyo ngokuthi

Enye indlela enkulu yokugoma umkhuhlane we-typhoid ongasebenzi ngumgomo womlomo ophilayo we-typhoid (Ty21a). Le nguqulo iza ngamaphilisi owagwinyayo kunokuba kube umjovo.

Umjovo womlomo udinga imithamo eminingi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa futhi unezithintelo ezihlukene. Awunakunikezwa kubantu abanezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezikhubazekile, abesifazane abakhulelwe, noma labo abathatha ama-antibiotics athile.

Bobabili imigomo banikeza ukuvikeleka okufanayo emkhuhlaneni we-typhoid, kodwa ukukhetha kuncike ezimweni zakho. Abanye abantu bakhetha ukulula komjovo owodwa, kanti abanye bakhetha inguqulo yomlomo ukugwema izinaliti.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokusiza ukhethe inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho sempilo, uhlu lwakho lokuhamba, nezintandokazi zakho.

Ingabe Umgomo we-Typhoid (Ongasebenzi) Ungcono Kune-Oral Typhoid Vaccine?

Akukho ngisho nomgomo owodwa

Yebo, umgomo we-typhoid ongasebenzi ngokuvamile uphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. Ukuba nesifo sikashukela akukuvimbeli ukuthi uthole lo mgomo, futhi kungase kube kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba abantu abanesifo sikashukela bangase babhekane nezingozi eziphakeme ngenxa yokutheleleka.

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufanele bagcine ukulawulwa okuhle kukashukela wegazi ngesikhathi sokugonywa. Imiphumela emincane efana nomkhuhlane noma ukuzizwa ungaphilile ingase ithinte okwesikhashana amazinga kashukela wegazi, ngakho-ke qapha ngokusondelene izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokugonywa.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithola Umgomo We-Typhoid Omningi Ngengozi?

Akunakwenzeka ukuthola umgomo we-typhoid omningi ngoba unikezwa njengomthamo owodwa olinganisiwe ochwepheshe bezempilo. Uma ukhathazekile ngokuthola imithamo eminingi eduze kakhulu, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Ukuthola umthamo owengeziwe ngokuvamile ngeke kubangele ingozi enkulu, nakuba ungase uhlangabezane nemiphumela emibi eqinile. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angahlola isimo sakho futhi anikeze isiqondiso esifanele esisekelwe ezimweni zakho ezithile.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Ukuqokwa Kwami ​​Kwe-Typhoid Vaccine?

Uma uphuthelwa ukuqokwa kwakho komgomo we-typhoid, hlela kabusha ngokushesha okukhulu. Khumbula ukuthi udinga okungenani amasonto angu-2-3 ngemuva kokugonywa ukuze uthuthukise ukuzivikela.

Uma usuku lwakho lokuhamba lusondela futhi awukwazi ukugonywa ngesikhathi, gxila ekuqapheliseni okuqinile kokudla namanzi. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase futhi axoxe ngezinye izindlela zokuvimbela ongazithatha ngenkathi uhamba.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthola ama-booster omgomo we-Typhoid?

Ungayeka ukuthola ama-booster omgomo we-typhoid uma ungasengozini yokuchayeka ku-typhoid. Lokhu ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi awuhambeli ezindaweni ezinengozi enkulu noma usebenza ezimweni lapho ukuchayeka kungenzeka.

Abantu abaningi bathola imijovo eyengeziwe njalo eminyakeni emi-2-3 uma nje beqhubeka nokuhambela emazweni lapho i-typhoid ivamile. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angakusiza ukuthi uhlole ubungozi bakho obuqhubekayo futhi unqume ukuthi imijovo eyengeziwe ayisadingeki nini.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuthatha eminye imithi yokugoma ngesikhathi esifanayo nomuthi wokugoma i-Typhoid?

Yebo, ngokuvamile ungafaka eminye imithi yokugoma ngesikhathi esifanayo nomuthi wokugoma i-typhoid. Lokhu kuvamile kubahambi abadinga imithi yokugoma eminingi efana ne-hepatitis A, hepatitis B, noma umkhuhlane ophuzi.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzonikeza imithi yokugoma ehlukene ezindaweni ezihlukene zokujova, ngokuvamile ezingalweni ezihlukene. Ukuthola imithi yokugoma eminingi ndawonye akunciphisi ukusebenza kwayo futhi kungaba lula kubahambi abanesikhathi esilinganiselwe ngaphambi kokuhamba.