Yini i-Vadadustat: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Vadadustat uhlobo olusha lomuthi olusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi ukhiqize amaseli abomvu egazi engeziwe uma une-anemia ehlobene nesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona. Isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha zendabuko ngokulingisa okwenzekayo ngokwemvelo lapho umzimba wakho udinga amaseli abomvu egazi athwala umoya-mpilo engeziwe.

Lo muthi othathwa ngomlomo unikeza enye indlela yokwelapha ngemijovo ebelisetshenziswa iziguli eziningi ezinzwa iminyaka eminingi. Ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani nokuthi yini ongayilindela kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka kakhulu ngohlelo lwakho lokwelapha.

Yini i-Vadadustat?

I-Vadadustat ngumuthi othathwa ngomlomo ongaphansi kwezigaba zemithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-HIF-PHI (i-hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors). Isiza ukwelapha i-anemia kubantu abadala abanesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona abangena ku-dialysis.

Cabanga ngayo njengomuthi oklamu umzimba wakho ukuthi ucabange ukuthi udinga umoya-mpilo owengeziwe. Lapho umzimba wakho uzwa amazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo, ngokwemvelo ukhiqiza amaseli abomvu egazi engeziwe ukuze athwale umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho. I-Vadadustat yenza le ndlela efanayo, ikhuthaza umnkantsha wakho ukuthi ukhiqize amaseli abomvu egazi engeziwe ngisho noma amazinga omoya-mpilo ejwayelekile.

Lo muthi umelela intuthuko enkulu ekwelapheni i-anemia ngoba ingathathwa ngomlomo kunokuthi ithathwe ngemijovo. Udokotela wakho uyayibhala njengamaphilisi owathatha nsuku zonke, okwenza kube lula kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha zendabuko.

Yini i-Vadadustat Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Vadadustat ivunyelwe ngokuqondile ukwelapha i-anemia kubantu abadala abanesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona abathola i-dialysis. I-Anemia yenzeka lapho ungenayo amaseli abomvu egazi anempilo anele ukuthwala umoya-mpilo owanele ezicutshini zomzimba wakho.

Lapho izinso zakho zingasebenzi kahle, azikhiqizi ngokwanele i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-erythropoietin, etshela umnkantsha wakho ukuthi ukhiqize amaseli abomvu egazi. Lokhu kuholela ku-anemia, engakwenza uzizwe ukhathele, ubuthakathaka, futhi uphelelwa umoya.

Udktora wakho angase acabangele i-vadadustat uma usuvele ukwelashwa nge-dialysis futhi uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-anemia. Ilusizo ikakhulukazi kubantu abafuna ukwelashwa ngomlomo kunokuba bathole imijovo njalo.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Vadadustat?

I-Vadadustat isebenza ngokuvimba ama-enzyme athile emzimbeni wakho avame ukwehlisa amaprotheni abandakanyeka ekukhiqizweni kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Lokhu kuthathwa njengendlela eqinile yokwelapha i-anemia.

Lapho la ma-enzyme evinjwa, umzimba wakho usabela sengathi amazinga omoya-mpilo aphansi. Lokhu kuqala uchungechunge lwemvelo olwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-erythropoietin, i-hormone ekhuthaza ukwakheka kwamaseli abomvu egazi emnkantshubeni wakho wamathambo.

Umuthi futhi usiza umzimba wakho ukuba umunce insimbi ngempumelelo futhi uyise lapho idingeka khona ekukhiqizweni kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Lesi senzo esiphindwe kabili senza ukuthi sisebenze kubantu abane-anemia ehlobene namazinga aphansi e-erythropoietin kanye nezinkinga zokuphatha insimbi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Vadadustat?

Thatha i-vadadustat njengoba nje udktora wakho ekuyala, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku ngaphandle kokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Ungayithatha ngamanzi, futhi akukho mfuneko ethile yokuyithatha nobisi noma ukugwema ukudla okuthile.

Kungcono ukuthatha umthamo wakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze kukusize ukhumbule futhi ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo emzimbeni wakho. Akudingeki udle lutho olukhethekile ngaphambi kokuyithatha, nakuba ukuyithatha nokudla kungasiza ukunciphisa noma yikuphi ukuphatheka kwesisu uma ukuzwa.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngaphandle kokuwachoboza, ukuwahlafuna, noma ukuwaqhekeza. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, khuluma nodktora wakho mayelana nezinye izindlela kunokuzama ukuguqula amaphilisi ngokwakho.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Vadadustat?

Kungenzeka udinga ukuthatha i-vadadustat uma nje unesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona kanye ne-anemia. Lokhu ngokuvamile ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside kunokuba kube yindlela emfushane yokwelapha.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha amazinga egazi lakho njalo ukuze abone ukuthi umuthi usebenza kahle kangakanani. Bazohlola amazinga e-hemoglobin yakho futhi bangase balungise umthamo wakho ngokuya ngokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-vadadustat ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Izimpawu zakho ze-anemia zingase zibuye uma uyeka umuthi ngokuzumayo, futhi udokotela wakho angase adinge ukukushintshela kwenye indlela yokwelapha.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Vadadustat?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-vadadustat ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela eminingi emibi iyalawuleka futhi ivame ukuba milde noma imaphakathi ngobukhulu.

Nawa amanye imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ongase uyithole:

• Ukuqunjelwa noma izinguquko ekuhambeni kwamathumbu
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukungakhululeki kwesisu
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu noma ukwanda kwe-hypertension ekhona
• Ukukhwehlela noma izimpawu zokuphefumula
• Ukukhathala
• Ukukhathala, nakuba lokhu kungase kuthuthuke njengoba i-anemia yakho iba ngcono

Le miphumela emibi ejwayelekile ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Uma ziqhubeka noma ziba yinkinga, udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uzilawule.

Eminye imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Amaqhubu egazi emilenzeni, emaphashini, noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho
• Ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu obungapheli
• Ukuphefumula ngokushesha noma ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu noma izinguquko embonweni
• Izimpawu zokushaywa unhlangothi njengobuthakathaka obuzumayo noma ubunzima bokukhuluma

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha uma uthola noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezibucayi. Nakuba kungavamile, lezi zinkinga zidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha i-Vadadustat?

I-Vadadustat ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzoqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi ilungile yini kuwe. Ezinye izimo noma izimo zenza lo muthi ube yingozi.

Akufanele uthathe i-vadadustat uma:

• Ukwazi ukungezwani komzimba ne-vadadustat noma yiziphi izithako zayo
• Unesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona kodwa awusebenzisi i-dialysis
• Ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa
• Uyanakekela
• Unohlobo oluthile lomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi imidlavuza yegazi

Udkt wakho uzosebenzisa ukuqapha okwengeziwe uma unomlando wamagazi, isifo senhliziyo, noma unhlangothi. Lezi zimo zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga ezinzima ngenkathi uthatha i-vadadustat.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Vadadustat

I-Vadadustat itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Vafseo kwamanye amazwe. Umuthi ungase ube namagama omkhiqizo ahlukene kuye ngokuthi uhlala kuphi nokuthi iyiphi inkampani yezemithi ewusabalalisayo esifundeni sakho.

Njalo sebenzisa igama lomkhiqizo elinconywe udkt wakho, njengoba amafomula ahlukene angase abe nomehluko omncane endleleni athathwa ngayo noma acutshungulwe ngumzimba wakho. Uma udinga ukushintsha amagama omkhiqizo, udkt wakho uzokuqondisa kulo lonke le nqubo ngokuphepha.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Vadadustat

Eminye imithi eminingi ingelapha i-anemia ezigulini ezinokugula kwezinso okungamahlalakhona, ngalinye linobuhle obuhlukene kanye nezinto okufanele zicatshangelwe. Udkt wakho angase aphakamise ezinye izindlela ezisuselwe esimweni sakho esithile kanye nezintandokazi zakho.

Izinketho ezinjengomjovo zihlanganisa ama-erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) njenge-epoetin alfa noma i-darbepoetin alfa. Lezi zisetshenziswe iminyaka eminingi futhi zidinga imijovo ejwayelekile, ngokuvamile enikezwa esikhungweni sakho se-dialysis.

Eminye imithi yomlomo ye-HIF-PHI efana ne-roxadustat ingase itholakale kwamanye amazwe. Izithasiselo zensimbi, zombili zomlomo kanye ne-intravenous, zivame ukusebenza kanye nemithi ye-anemia ukuhlinzeka ngezinto ezakhiwayo umzimba wakho ozidingayo ukuze ukhiqize amaseli abomvu egazi.

Udkt wakho uzokusiza ukuthi ulinganise izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwenketho ngayinye ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha, indlela yokuphila, kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa.

Ingabe i-Vadadustat ingcono kune-Epoetin Alfa?

Kokubili i-vadadustat kanye ne-epoetin alfa ziphatha ngempumelelo i-anemia esifweni sezinso esingamahlalakhona, kodwa zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi zinezinzuzo ezihlukile. Ukukhetha okuthi "kungcono" kuncike ezimweni zakho kanye nezintandokazi zakho.

I-Vadadustat inikeza lula lokuthatha ngomlomo, okuthandwa yiziguli eziningi ngaphezu kwemijovo ejwayelekile. Iphinda futhi isebenze ngendlela ehlukile engahlinzeka ngamazinga e-hemoglobin azinzile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-Epoetin alfa isetshenziswe amashumi eminyaka ngomlando wokuphepha oqinile. Ngokuvamile inikezwa ngemijovo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-dialysis, okutholakala ezinye iziguli kulula ngoba sezivele zikhona esikhungweni sokwelashwa.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengamazinga akho e-hemoglobin yamanje, ukuthi usabele kahle kangakanani ekwelashweni kwangaphambilini, kanye nezintandokazi zakho siqu lapho encoma inketho engcono kakhulu kuwe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Vadadustat

Q1. Ingabe i-Vadadustat iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Vadadustat idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, njengoba ingase ikhulise ingozi yamaqhubu egazi kanye nezigameko zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Udokotela wakho uzolinganisela izinzuzo nezingozi ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho senhliziyo esithile.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo, ithimba lakho lezempilo cishe lizokuqapha ngokucophelela ngemivivinyo yegazi ejwayelekile kanye nokuhlolwa kwenhliziyo. Bangase futhi balungise umthamo wakho noma bancomise imithi eyengeziwe ukunciphisa izingozi zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Q2. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa ngengozi ngithatha i-Vadadustat eningi kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-vadadustat eningi kakhulu kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha okuningi kakhulu kungase kubangele ukwanda okuyingozi ekukhiqizweni kwamaseli egazi abomvu noma ezinye izinkinga ezingathi sína.

Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi uzizwa yini izimpawu. Noma ngabe uzizwa ulungile, kubalulekile ukuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha mayelana nemiphumela engaba khona yokweqisa nokuthi yikuphi ukuqapha okungase ukudinga.

Q3. Kumele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Vadadustat?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, wuthatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Esimeni esinjalo, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe. Lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela engemihle ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezengeziwe.

Q4. Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Vadadustat?

Yeka kuphela ukuthatha i-vadadustat uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi wenze njalo. Njengoba isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona kanye ne-anemia kuyizimo zesikhathi eside, cishe uzodinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo ukuze ugcine amazinga amangqamuzana abomvu egazi enempilo.

Udokotela wakho angase ayeke i-vadadustat uma ukusebenza kwezinso zakho kuthuthuka kakhulu, uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela engemihle engathi sína, noma uma udinga ukushintshela endleleni yokwelapha ehlukile.

Q5. Ngingayithatha I-Vadadustat Neminye Imithi?

I-Vadadustat ingasebenzisana nemithi ethile, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi kadokotela, imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela, kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo. Ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisana zingathinta ukuthi i-vadadustat isebenza kahle kangakanani noma zikhuphule ingozi yakho yemiphumela engemihle.

Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza uhlu lwakho oluphelele lwemithi futhi kungase kudingeke ukuthi alungise imithamo noma isikhathi seminye imithi. Ungaqali noma iyiphi imithi emisha noma izithasiselo ngaphandle kokubheka kuqala nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo.