Yini i-Valdecoxib: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Valdecoxib yayiyikhambi lokubhekana nobuhlungu elaliqokelwe ukusetshenziswa elalilungu leqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-COX-2 inhibitors. Le mithi yayenzelwe ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala ngenkathi kungenzeka ukuthi ibangele izinkinga ezingaphansi zesisu kunezinhlungu ezijwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, i-valdecoxib yasuswa emakethe ngonyaka ka-2005 ngenxa yokukhathazeka okukhulu ngokuphepha, ikakhulukazi ukwanda kwengozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi.

Yini i-Valdecoxib?

I-Valdecoxib yayiyi-COX-2 inhibitor ekhethiwe esebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunemithi ejwayelekile yokubhekana nobuhlungu efana ne-ibuprofen noma i-aspirin. Yayenzelwe ngqo ukumisa kuphela i-enzyme ye-COX-2, edlala indima ebalulekile ebuhlungwini nasekuvuvukaleni. Le ndlela ekhethiwe yayihloselwe ukuhlinzeka ngokuqeda ubuhlungu ngempumelelo ngenkathi kunciphisa ingozi yezilonda zesisu nokopha okungenzeka ngemithi ejwayelekile engavuvukali (ama-NSAID).

Le mithi yayithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Bextra futhi yayitholakala kuphela ngemvume kadokotela. Yayiza ngesimo samaphilisi futhi yayivame ukunqunyelwa izimo ezibandakanya ubuhlungu obungapheli nokuvuvukala.

Yayisetshenziselwani i-Valdecoxib?

Ngaphambi kokususwa kwayo, i-valdecoxib yayinikezwa ukwelapha izimo eziningana ezibuhlungu. Odokotela babeyisebenzisa ikakhulukazi i-osteoarthritis, i-rheumatoid arthritis, nokuphathwa kobuhlungu obukhulu. Le mithi yayisiza ikakhulukazi abantu ababedinga ukukhululeka kobuhlungu besikhathi eside kodwa ababengakwazi ukubekezelela ama-NSAID ajwayelekile ngenxa yokuzwela kwesisu.

Abanye odokotela babenikeza i-valdecoxib ukukhululeka ubuhlungu besikhashana ngemva kwemisebenzi yamazinyo noma ukuhlinzwa okuncane. Le mithi yayisiza ikakhulukazi iziguli ebezinesimo sezilonda zesisu noma ukopha kwamathumbu, njengoba kwakukholelwa ukuthi inobungani ngohlelo lokugaya ukudla.

I-Valdecoxib yayisebenza kanjani?

I-Valdecoxib yayisebenza ngokuvimba i-enzyme ethile ebizwa ngokuthi i-cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Le enzyme inesibopho sokukhiqiza amakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi ama-prostaglandins, abangela ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, nomkhuhlane emzimbeni wakho. Ngokuvimba ngokuqondile i-COX-2, i-valdecoxib yehlisa lezi zimpawu ezingakhululeki ngaphandle kokuthinta kakhulu i-COX-1, enye i-enzyme esiza ukuvikela umugqa wesisu sakho.

Le ndlela ekhethekile yenza i-valdecoxib yaba umbulali wobuhlungu onamandla aphakathi nendawo. Yayinamandla kakhulu kunezinketho ezingaphandle kwekhawunta ezinjenge-acetaminophen kodwa ngokuvamile yayinganamandla kakhulu kune-opioids kadokotela ezinamandla. Umuthi ngokuvamile waqala ukusebenza kungakapheli amahora ambalwa ngemva kokuwuthatha, nemiphumela ephezulu yenzeka kungakapheli amahora angu-2-3.

Kufanele i-Valdecoxib Ithatheke Kanjani?

Ngesikhathi i-valdecoxib yayitholakala, odokotela babevame ukuyinika ukuthi ithathwe kanye noma kabili ngosuku nokuthi ingathathwa nokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Ukuyithatha nokudla noma ubisi kungasiza ekunciphiseni noma yikuphi ukucasuka kwesisu okungenzeka, yize yayenzelwe ukuba mnene ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla kune-NSAIDs yendabuko.

Umuthi wawusebenza kangcono uma uthathwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze kugcinwe amazinga aqhubekayo egazini lakho. Iziguli zelulekwa ukuthi zithathe ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele futhi zigweme ukulala phansi okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngemva kokuyithatha ukuze zivimbele noma yikuphi ukucasuka okungenzeka e-esophagus.

Kufanele i-Valdecoxib Ithatheke Isikhathi Esingakanani?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-valdecoxib buhlukahluka kuye ngesimo eselashwayo. Ngezinhlungu ezinzima, njengemva komsebenzi wamazinyo, ngokuvamile yayinikwa izinsuku ezimbalwa nje kuya evikini elilodwa. Ezimweni ezingapheli njenge-arthritis, ezinye iziguli zayithatha isikhathi eside ngaphansi kokugadwa ngokucophelela kwezokwelapha.

Noma kunjalo, ngisho nangaphambi kokuhoxiswa kwayo, odokotela babeqaphele ngokuqoka i-valdecoxib isikhathi eside. Babeqapha njalo iziguli ukuze babone imiphumela emibi nokusebenza kahle, belungisa uhlelo lokwelapha njengoba kudingeka. Umgomo wawuhlala ukusebenzisa umthamo ophumelelayo ophansi isikhathi esifushane ngangokunokwenzeka.

Zaziyini Imiphumela Emibi ye-Valdecoxib?

I-Valdecoxib yayinezinhlobo eziningana zemiphumela emibi, kusukela kokulula kuya kokubucayi. Ukuqonda lezi zingozi kwakubalulekile kunoma ngubani owayecabanga ngalo muthi, nakuba kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akubona bonke abantu ababa nemiphumela emibi.

Imiphumela emibi eyayikhathaza kakhulu yayiyizingozi ezinkulu zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezigcine ziholele ekuhoxisweni komuthi emakethe:

• Ukwanda kwengozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo
• Ithuba eliphezulu lokushaywa unhlangothi
• Ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi
• Ukwenyuka kwengcindezi yegazi

Lezi zingozi zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi zazikhuphuke kakhulu kubantu abase benesifo senhliziyo noma izici eziningi eziyingozi zezinkinga zenhliziyo.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile eyayitholwa iziguli yayihlanganisa izinkinga zokugaya ukudla nokungakhululeki okujwayelekile:

• Ubuhlungu besisu nokucasuka
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu nesiyezi
• Ukuvuvukala ezandleni, ezinyaweni, noma emaqakaleni
• Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka
• Ukuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo

Le miphumela emibi yayivame ukulawuleka futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba ujwayela umuthi.

Ezinye iziguli nazo zaba nokusabela esikhumbeni, okwakungahluka kusukela ekuqhumeni okulula kuya ezimweni ezingathi sína njenge-Stevens-Johnson syndrome, isifo sesikhumba esingavamile kodwa esingase sibulale.

Obani okungafanele babe bethatha i-Valdecoxib?

Amaqembu amaningana abantu ayelulekwa ukuthi angayithathi i-valdecoxib ngenxa yokwanda kwezingozi zezinkinga ezingathi sína. Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo esaziwayo, okuhlanganisa nalabo abake bahlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukushaywa unhlangothi, ngokuvamile babengabantu abangafaneleki kahle kulo muthi.

Abantu abanezifo ezithile zokungezwani komzimba nabo babedinga ukugwema i-valdecoxib. Lokhu kwakuhlanganisa abantu ababenezifo zokungezwani komzimba kuma-sulfonamides (imithi ye-sulfa) noma ababebe nezifo zokungezwani komzimba kwamanye ama-NSAID afana ne-aspirin noma i-ibuprofen.

Ezinye izimo ezenza i-valdecoxib ingafaneleki zihlanganisa:

• Isifo esibi sezinso noma sesibindi
• Izilonda zesisu ezisebenzayo noma ukuphuma kwegazi
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu
• Ukuhlinzwa kwakamuva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo
• Ukukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sesithathu

Lezi zinto ezingavumelekile zazikhona ngoba i-valdecoxib ingenza lezi zimo zibe zimbi kakhulu noma ihlangane ngendlela eyingozi nezinkinga zempilo ezingaphansi.

Igama Lomkhiqizo we-Valdecoxib

I-Valdecoxib yathengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Bextra yi-Pfizer, inkampani enkulu yemithi. Umuthi wawutholakala ngesimo samaphilisi ngamandla ahlukahlukene, ngokuvamile imithamo engu-10mg no-20mg.

I-Bextra yathengiswa kakhulu njengenye indlela ephephe kakhulu kuma-NSAID endabuko, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadinga ukuphathwa kobuhlungu besikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, umkhiqizo wasuswa emakethe emhlabeni wonke ngo-2005 ngemuva kokukhathazeka ngokuphepha okutholwe ezifundweni zomtholampilo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Valdecoxib

Njengoba i-valdecoxib ingasatholakali, odokotela manje basebenzisa imithi ehlukahlukene ehlukile yezimo ezifanayo. Ukukhetha enye indlela kuncike esimweni sakho esithile, umlando wezokwelapha, nezici eziyingozi.

Kubantu ababeke bathatha i-valdecoxib ngenxa yobuhlungu be-arthritis, izinketho zamanje zihlanganisa:

• I-Celecoxib (Celebrex) - enye i-COX-2 inhibitor esatholakala
• Ama-NSAID endabuko afana ne-ibuprofen noma i-naproxen
• Izidambisi zobuhlungu ezisetshenziswa ngqo esikhumbeni
• I-Acetaminophen yobuhlungu obuncane nobomaphakathi

Kulabo abadinga ukukhululeka kobuhlungu obuqinile, odokotela bangase bacabange ngemithi kadokotela efana ne-tramadol noma, ezimweni ezinzima, imithi ye-opioid eqashwe ngokucophelela.

Izindlela ezingasebenzisi imithi nazo ziye zathandwa kakhulu, okuhlanganisa ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, i-acupuncture, kanye nezinguquko zokuphila ezingasiza ekuphatheni izimo zobuhlungu ezingapheli.

Ingabe i-Valdecoxib yayingcono kunezinye izidakamizwa zobuhlungu?

I-Valdecoxib yayinazo zombili izinzuzo kanye nobubi uma iqhathaniswa neminye imithi yobuhlungu etholakala ngaleso sikhathi. Inzuzo yayo enkulu kwakuwukunciphisa ingozi yezilonda zesisu nokopha uma iqhathaniswa nama-NSAID endabuko afana ne-ibuprofen noma i-naproxen.

Kodwa-ke, le nzuzo yeza nezinto eziningi ezingahambisani kahle. Izingozi ezengeziwe zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi zigqame izinzuzo zesisu kwiziguli eziningi. Ucwaningo lwabonisa ukuthi ngenkathi i-valdecoxib yayilula esiswini, yayithwele izingozi eziphakeme zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi kunama-NSAID amaningi endabuko.

Uma iqhathaniswa ne-celecoxib (Celebrex), enye i-COX-2 inhibitor esatholakala, i-valdecoxib yayibonakala ithwele izingozi eziphakeme zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Lo mahluko kumaphrofayili okuphepha unegalelo ekuhoxisweni kwe-valdecoxib ngenkathi i-celecoxib isahlala emakethe ngemiyalo evuselelwe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Valdecoxib

Ingabe i-Valdecoxib iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

Cha, i-valdecoxib yayingaphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, futhi lesi kwakungesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko sokuthi yahoxiswa emakethe. Ucwaningo lwabonisa ukuthi i-valdecoxib yanda kakhulu ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi, ikakhulukazi kubantu asebenanezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi noma izici eziyingozi.

Abantu abanezimo zenhliziyo ezikhona ngaphambili abathatha i-valdecoxib babenamathuba amaningi okuba nezigameko ezinzima zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Le ngozi yayibaluleke kakhulu kangangokuthi yayingaphezu kwanoma yiziphi izinzuzo ezingase zinikezwe umuthi ukuze kukhululwe ubuhlungu.

Ngingenzani uma ngisebenzise i-Valdecoxib eningi ngengozi?

Njengoba i-valdecoxib ingasatholakali, lesi simo akufanele senzeke ngemiyalelo emisha. Kodwa-ke, uma othile wayenamaphilisi amadala e-valdecoxib futhi wathatha kakhulu ngengozi, bekufanele afune ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.

Izimpawu zokweqisa kwe-valdecoxib zingabandakanya ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukozela, futhi ezimweni ezinzima, ukuba nobunzima bokuphefumula noma izinguquko ezingqondweni. Ukunakekelwa kwezempilo eziphuthumayo bekuzodingeka ukuqapha izinkinga ezinzima futhi kunikeze ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngeqe Umthamo We-Valdecoxib?

Ngesikhathi i-valdecoxib yayitholakala, iziguli eziqede umthamo ngokuvamile zazelulekwa ukuthi ziwuthathe ngokushesha nje lapho zikhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo olandelayo. Kulokho, kufanele zeqe umthamo oqediwe futhi ziqhubeke nohlelo lwazo lokulinganisa olujwayelekile.

Iziguli zaxwayiswa ngokuqondile ukuthi zingaphindi kabili imithamo ukuze zithathele umthamo oqediwe, ngoba lokhu kungandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi. Uma othile ekhohlwa njalo imithamo, bakhuthazwa ukuthi basebenzise izihleli zamaphilisi noma basethe izikhumbuzi ukusiza ukugcina amazinga emithi aqhubekayo.

Iziguli Zingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Valdecoxib?

Ngaphambi kokuhoxiswa kwayo, iziguli ngokuvamile zazingayeka ukuthatha i-valdecoxib kancane kancane ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wazo. Ngokungafani neminye imithi edinga ukuncishiswa ngokucophelela, i-valdecoxib ngokuvamile yayingayekwa ngokushesha ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezimbi zokuhoxiswa.

Kodwa-ke, iziguli zelulekwa ukuthi zisebenze nabahlinzeki babo bezempilo ukuze bathuthukise amasu okwelapha ubuhlungu ngaphambi kokuyeka imithi. Lokhu kuqinisekise ukuthi isimo sabo esingaphansi sizoqhubeka silawulwe kahle ngezindlela eziphephile.

Zikhona Yini Izinkinga Zezomthetho Ezihlobene Ne-Valdecoxib?

Yebo, kwaba nezinkinga ezinkulu zomthetho ezizungeze i-valdecoxib ngemuva kokuhoxiswa kwayo emakethe. Iziguli eziningi ezahlangabezana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukushaywa unhlangothi ngenkathi zithatha umuthi zafaka amacala e-Pfizer, zithi inkampani yehlulekile ukuxwayisa ngokwanele ngobungozi benhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Lawa macala omthetho aphelela ekuvumelaneni okukhulu futhi agqamisa ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa okuphelele kokuphepha nokuxhumana obala mayelana nezingozi zemithi. Isimo se-valdecoxib sabamba iqhaza ezidingweni eziqinile zokuhlolwa kokuphepha kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kwemithi emisha eqeda ukuvuvukala.