Yini i-Valproic Acid: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Valproic acid iyimithi kadokotela esiza ukulawula ukuquleka nokuzinzisa imizwa ngokuthulisa amangqamuzana obuchopho asebenza ngokweqile. Ungase uyazi ngamagama omkhiqizo afana ne-Depakote noma i-Depakene, futhi isize abantu ukuthi baphathe isithuthwane, isifo se-bipolar, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu le-migraine amashumi eminyaka. Le mithi eguquguqukayo isebenza ngokwandisa amazinga ekhemikhali yobuchopho ebizwa nge-GABA, esiza ukunciphisa umsebenzi kagesi ongavamile ebuchosheni bakho.

Yini i-Valproic Acid?

I-Valproic acid ingeyomndeni wemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-anticonvulsants noma ama-mood stabilizers. Kuyindlela yokwelapha esungulwe kahle odokotela abaye bayethemba kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1960s ukusiza ukuphatha izimo ezihlukahlukene ze-neurological ne-psychiatric. Imithi iza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ezihlanganisa amaphilisi, amaphilisi, nezixazululo eziwuketshezi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zakho ezithile.

Le mithi ithathwa njengemithi eqinile futhi esebenzayo ekusetshenzisweni kwayo okuhlosiwe. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ngokucophelela ukwelashwa kwakho ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi uthola umthamo ofanele ngenkathi enciphisa noma yimiphi imiphumela engase ibe khona. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-valproic acid idinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ukuze kuhlolwe amazinga akho nomsebenzi wesibindi.

Isetshenziselwani i-Valproic Acid?

I-Valproic acid iphatha izimo eziningana ezibalulekile ezithinta ubuchopho bakho kanye nohlelo lwakho lwezinzwa. Udokotela wakho angase ayibhale njengokwelashwa kokuqala noma lapho eminye imithi ingasebenzi kahle kuwe.

Izimo ezivamile ezisiza ukuziphatha zihlanganisa:

• Isithuthwane nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuquleka, okuhlanganisa ukuquleka okungabikho, ukuquleka kwe-tonic-clonic, nokuquleka okuyingxenye okuyinkimbinkimbi
• Isifo se-Bipolar, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi seziqephu ze-manic lapho imizwa iguquguquka kakhulu
• Ukuvimbela ikhanda elibuhlungu le-Migraine, ukunciphisa kokubili imvamisa nobukhulu bokuhlaselwa
• I-Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, uhlobo olungavamile kodwa olubucayi lwesithuthwane sobuntwana

Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bangase banikeze i-valproic acid ngezimo ezingavamile njengezinhlobo ezithile zobuhlungu be-neuropathic noma izinkinga zokuziphatha ezigulweni ezithile ze-neurological. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokuchazela ngqo ukuthi kungani lo muthi ulungele isimo sakho esithile.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Valproic Acid?

I-Valproic acid isebenza ngokwandisa inani le-GABA, ikhemikhali yobuchopho yemvelo esiza ukuthulisa umsebenzi wemizwa. Cabanga nge-GABA njengesistimu yakho yamabhuleki obuchopho yemvelo evimbela ama-neuron ukuthi angashisi ngokushesha kakhulu noma ngendlela engahlelekile.

Uma une-epilepsy, amaseli akho obuchopho angase abe ne-overexcited futhi ashise ngendlela engavamile, okuholela ekuthuthumeleni. I-Valproic acid isiza ukubuyisela ibhalansi ngokuthuthukisa imiphumela yokuthulisa ye-GABA ngenkathi futhi ithinta iziteshi ze-sodium emangqamuzaneni emizwa. Lesi senzo esiphindwe kabili sisiza ukuvimbela izivunguvungu zikagesi ezibangela ukuthuthumela.

Ngesifo se-bipolar, umuthi usiza ukuzinzisa ukuguquguquka kwemizwa ngokulawula umsebenzi we-neurotransmitter ezindaweni zobuchopho bakho ezilawula imizwa. Indlela eqondile ayiqondakali ngokugcwele, kodwa kubonakala sengathi isiza ukugcina i-chemistry yobuchopho ezinzile ngesikhathi seziqephu zemizwa.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Valproic Acid?

Thatha i-valproic acid ngendlela eqondile udokotela wakho ayiyalela ngayo, ngokuvamile ngokudla ukuze unciphise isisu esibuhlungu. Ungayithatha ngamanzi, ubisi, noma ijusi, kodwa gwema ukuchoboza noma ukuhlafuna amaphilisi akhishwe isikhathi eside ngoba lokhu kungathinta indlela umuthi oyamukelwa ngayo.

Ukuba nokudla okulula noma ukudla okulula ngaphambi kokuthatha umthamo wakho kungasiza ekuvikeleni isicanucanu, esinye sezifo ezivamile zokuqala. Ukudla okulula esiswini sakho kusebenza kahle kakhulu, njengama-toast, ama-crackers, noma iyogathi. Zama ukuthatha umuthi wakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga azinzile egazini lakho.

Uma uthatha ifomu eliwuketshezi, linganisa umthamo wakho ngokucophelela usebenzisa idivayisi yokulinganisa enikeziwe. Ungasebenzisi izipuni zasendlini ngoba zingase zingabi nembile. Abanye abantu bakuthola kuwusizo ukuxuba uketshezi nenani elincane lokudla noma isiphuzo ukuze kufihle ukunambitheka.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Valproic Acid?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-valproic acid buxhomeke esimweni sakho esithile nokuthi usabela kanjani emuthini. Nge-epilepsy, ungase udinge ukuyithatha iminyaka eminingi noma impilo yonke ukuvimbela ukuvela kabusha kwezithuthwane.

Uma uyisebenzisela i-bipolar disorder, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside ukusiza ekuvikeleni izigameko zemizwa zesikhathi esizayo. Abantu abaningi bathatha izinzisi zemizwa iminyaka eminingi ukuze bagcine ukuzinza. Ukuvimbela i-migraine, ungase uyisebenzise izinyanga kuya eminyakeni, kuye ngamaphethini akho ekhanda.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-valproic acid ngokuzumayo, ngoba lokhu kungabangela izithuthwane noma izigameko zemizwa ngisho noma ubulokhu ungenazo izithuthwane noma uzinzile isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza isimiso sokunciphisa kancane kancane uma udinga ukuyeka umuthi. Abanye abantu bayakwazi ukunciphisa umthamo wabo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kanti abanye badinga ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa unomphela.

Yiziphi Izimo Ezingezinhle ze-Valproic Acid?

Abantu abaningi bayayibekezelela i-valproic acid kahle, kodwa njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Imiphumela eminingi emibi imnene futhi iyathuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ongase uyithole ihlanganisa:

• Isicanucanu nokukhathazeka kwesisu, ikakhulukazi lapho uqala ukwelashwa
• Ukozela noma ukukhathala emini
• Isiyezi noma ukuzizwa ungaqinile
• Ukuzuza isisindo, okungase kube kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukuwa kwezinwele noma izinguquko ekuthungeni kwezinwele
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukuzamazama, ikakhulukazi ezandleni zakho

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ayivamile kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile noma ukulimala, ukukhathala okukhulu, noma ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma amehlo. Izinkinga zesibindi azivamile kodwa kungenzeka, yingakho udokotela wakho ezoqapha ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nokuguquka kwemizwa, ukudideka, noma ukuziphatha okungavamile. Abesifazane abaneminyaka yokuzala kufanele baxoxe ngokuhlela ukukhulelwa nodokotela wabo, njengoba i-valproic acid ingabangela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa futhi idinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha I-Valproic Acid?

Abantu abathile kufanele bagweme i-valproic acid noma bayisebenzise ngokuqapha okukhulu ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha okuseduze. Udokotela wakho uzochaza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokunikeza lo muthi.

Akufanele uthathe i-valproic acid uma une:

• Isifo sesibindi esaziwayo noma umlando wezinkinga zesibindi
• Ukuphazamiseka komjikelezo we-urea, izimo ezingavamile zofuzo ezithinta ukugayeka kwamaprotheni
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Mitochondrial, ikakhulukazi uma uneminyaka engaphansi kwemibili
• Ukungezwani komzimba okwaziwayo ne-valproic acid noma imithi ehlobene

Ukuqapha okukhethekile kuyadingeka uma ukhulelwe, uhlela ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa. Umuthi ungabangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu kokuzalwa nokubambezeleka kokukhula ezinganeni ezingakazalwa. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ezinye izindlela eziphephile uma ungumuntu wesifazane oneminyaka yokuzala.

Abantu abanezifo zezinso, izifo zegazi, noma labo abathatha eminye imithi ethile bangase badinge ukulungiswa komthamo noma ukuqapha okuvamile. Hlala utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, izithasiselo, kanye nemithi yezitshalo oyithathayo.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Valproic Acid

I-Valproic acid itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, ngalinye linamafomula ahlukile aklanyelwe izidingo ezithile. Amagama omkhiqizo ajwayelekile afaka i-Depakote, i-Depakene, ne-Depacon.

I-Depakote cishe iyibhrendi eyaziwa kakhulu futhi iza ngamaphilisi avamile, amaphilisi akhishwe isikhathi eside, nama-capsules afafazwayo. I-Depakene iyatholakala njengama-capsules kanye nesiraphu ewuketshezi, okwenza kube lula kubantu abanobunzima bokugwinya amaphilisi. I-Depacon iyifomu elijovwayo elisetshenziswa ezibhedlela lapho imithi yomlomo ingenzeki.

Izinhlobo ze-generic ze-valproic acid nazo ziyatholakala futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinhlobo zegama lomkhiqizo. Umshwalense wakho ungase ukhethe izinketho ze-generic, kodwa udokotela wakho angacacisa igama lomkhiqizo uma kunesizathu sezokwelapha sokuthi udinga ukwakheka okuthile.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Valproic Acid

Imithi eminingi ehlukile ingelapha izimo ezifanayo ne-valproic acid, kuye ngezidingo zakho ezithile kanye nesimo sezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho angase acabangele lezi zinketho uma i-valproic acid ingasebenzi kahle noma uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela engemihle.

Ngesithuthwane, ezinye izindlela zihlanganisa i-levetiracetam (Keppra), i-lamotrigine (Lamictal), i-carbamazepine (Tegretol), noma i-phenytoin (Dilantin). Ngayinye inezinzuzo ezihlukene kanye namaphrofayili emiphumela emibi. Ngokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar, i-lithium, i-quetiapine (Seroquel), noma i-olanzapine (Zyprexa) ingase ibe ezinye izindlela ezifanele.

Ukuvimbela i-migraine, udokotela wakho angase aphakamise i-topiramate (Topamax), i-propranolol, noma ezinye izinketho ezintsha njengama-CGRP inhibitors. Enye indlela engcono kakhulu incike kwezinye izimo zakho zezokwelapha, ukusebenzisana okungenzeka kwemithi, kanye nezintandokazi zomuntu siqu.

Ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe kusebenza kangcono kunokushintshela emuthini owodwa ohlukile. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola uhlelo lokwelapha olusebenzayo kakhulu olunemiphumela emibi embalwa.

Ingabe i-Valproic Acid ingcono kune-Carbamazepine?

Kokubili i-valproic acid kanye ne-carbamazepine ziyimithi ephumelelayo yokulwa nokuthuthumela, kodwa zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi zinezinzuzo ezihlukile kuye ngesimo sakho esithile. Akukho noyedwa ongu-

I-Valproic acid ivamele ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezithile zokuhlaselwa, ikakhulukazi ukuhlaselwa okungabikho kanye nokuhlaselwa okujwayelekile. Iphinde isetshenziswe ngokuphumelelayo ekuphatheni isifo se-bipolar kanye nokuvimbela i-migraine, okuyenza ibe yindlela enhle uma unezimo eziningi. Kodwa-ke, ingabangela ukukhuluphala okuningi futhi inezingozi eziphakeme ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

I-Carbamazepine ingase ithandwe kakhulu ekuhlaselweni okuyingxenye futhi ngokuvamile ibangela ukukhuluphala okuncane. Ingasiza futhi ngezinhlobo ezithile zobuhlungu bemizwa. Kodwa-ke, idinga ukuqapha igazi kaningi ekuqaleni futhi ingasebenzisana neminye imithi eminingi.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengohlobo lokuhlaselwa kwakho, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, imiphumela engaba khona, kanye nokusebenzisana kwemithi lapho ekhetha phakathi kwale mithi. Abanye abantu bangase basebenzise zombili ndawonye uma kungabikho noyedwa osebenza kahle yedwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Valproic Acid

Ingabe i-Valproic Acid iphephile ku-Diabetes?

I-Valproic acid ingasetshenziswa ngabantu abanesifo sikashukela, kodwa idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela. Umuthi ungathinta amazinga kashukela egazini futhi ungase ube negalelo ekukhuluphaleni, okungenza ukuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela kube yinselele enkulu.

Uzodinga ukusebenzisana eduze nodokotela wakho wezinzwa kanye nethimba lokunakekela isifo sikashukela ukuqapha amazinga kashukela egazini lakho, ikakhulukazi lapho uqala umuthi noma ushintsha imithamo. Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukulungiswa emithini yabo yesifo sikashukela. Ukuzivocavoca njalo kanye nokuguqulwa kokudla kungasiza ekuphatheni noma yikuphi ukukhuluphala okwenzekayo.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngiphuzile I-Valproic Acid eningi ngengozi?

Uma uphuza i-valproic acid eningi ngengozi, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha, ngisho noma uzizwa ulungile. Ukweqisa kungabangela izimpawu ezinzima ezihlanganisa ukozela okukhulu, ukudideka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngqo ochwepheshe bezokwelapha. Uma kungenzeka, vumela othile ahlale nawe ngenkathi ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezempilo. Thatha ibhodlela lomuthi nawe egumbini eliphuthumayo ukuze abahlinzeki bezempilo bazi kahle ukuthi uthatheni nokuthi ungakanani.

Ukuvimbela ukweqisa ngengozi, sebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi futhi ungalokothi uphinde izilinganiso uma ucabanga ukuthi uphuthelwe eyodwa. Setha izikhumbuzi zocingo uma uvame ukukhohlwa ukuthi ngabe uthathe umuthi wakho yini.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Valproic Acid?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-valproic acid, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabanga ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi, ukusetha ama-alamu ocingo, noma ukucela amalungu omndeni ukuthi akusize ukukukhumbuza.

Ukuphuthelwa imithamo ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuvamile akuyona ingozi, kodwa ukuphuthelwa imithamo njalo kunganciphisa ukusebenza komuthi futhi kwandise ingozi yakho yokuqhekeka kwezithuthuthu noma iziqephu zemizwa. Uma unenkinga yokukhumbula umuthi wakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngamasu okuthuthukisa ukunamathela.

Ngingayeka nini Ukuthatha I-Valproic Acid?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-valproic acid ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela wakho, ungalokothi uwedwa. Isinqumo sokuyeka sincike ezintweni ezinjengokuthi usenesikhathi esingakanani ungenazo izithuthuthu, isimo sakho esingaphansi, nesimo sakho sempilo esiphelele.

Ngokuqeqeshwa, odokotela bavame ukucabangela ukuyeka umuthi ngemuva kokuthi ungenazo izithuthuthu okungenani iminyaka emibili, yize abanye abantu bengadinga ukwelashwa impilo yonke. Ngokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar, ukuyeka umuthi kuthwala ingozi enkulu yokuvela kabusha kweziqephu zemizwa, ngakho-ke abantu abaningi baqhubeka nokwelashwa unomphela.

Uma sekuyisikhathi sokuyeka, udokotela wakho uzokwenza isimiso sokunciphisa kancane kancane phakathi namasonto amaningana noma izinyanga. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela ukuquleka noma izigameko ezinzima zemizwa, ngisho noma ubulokhu uzinzile iminyaka. Hlala uxoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkathazo mayelana nokuqhubeka nokwelashwa nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Valproic Acid?

Kungcono ukugwema utshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-valproic acid, njengoba zombili lezi zinto zingabangela ukozela futhi zithinte isibindi sakho. Ukuzihlanganisa kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi eyingozi ehlanganisa ukuzola ngokweqile, ukungahleleki kahle, kanye nomonakalo wesibindi.

Utshwala bungenza futhi ukuquleka kube maningi futhi kuphazamise ukusebenza kahle komuthi. Uma ukhetha ukuphuza ngezikhathi ezithile, yenza kanjalo ngokulinganisela futhi ungalokothi uma uzizwa imiphumela yemithi yakho iqina.

Khuluma ngobuqotho nodokotela wakho mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwakho kotshwala. Bangakunikeza iseluleko esiqondene nawe esisekelwe esimweni sakho esithile futhi bakusize uqonde izingozi. Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukugwema utshwala ngokuphelele, kanti abanye bangase bakwazi ukuba namanani amancane ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuphepha.