Iyini i-Valsartan: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Valsartan iyimithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi eyingxenye yeqembu elibizwa ngokuthi ama-ARB (angiotensin receptor blockers). Isebenza ngokukhulula imithambo yakho yegazi, okusiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi lakho futhi kwenze kube lula ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ipompe igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Le mithi isize izigidi zabantu ukuthi zilawule umfutho wabo wegazi ophezulu iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili. Udokotela wakho angase akubhalele i-valsartan uma unomfutho wegazi ophezulu noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, njengoba kufakazelwe ukuthi iyasebenza ekuvikeleni inhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi ekulimaleni kwesikhathi eside.

Iyini i-Valsartan?

I-Valsartan iyimithi kadokotela evimba izithako ezithile emzimbeni wakho ukusiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi. Cabanga ngayo njengohlelo oluthambile lokubamba imithambo yakho yegazi - ivimbela ukuthi ingaqini kakhulu.

Le mithi iyingxenye yomndeni we-ARB, omele ama-angiotensin receptor blockers. Le mithi ithathwa njengemithambile kunezinye izidakamizwa zomfutho wegazi ngoba ngokuvamile ibangela imiphumela emincane eceleni efana nokukhwehlela noma ukuvuvukala.

I-Valsartan itholakala ngesimo samaphilisi futhi iza ngamandla ahlukene kusukela ku-40mg kuya ku-320mg. Udokotela wakho uzonquma umthamo ofanele ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani emuthini.

Isetshenziselwani i-Valsartan?

I-Valsartan ikakhulukazi ibhalelwe ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-hypertension) nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Isetshenziselwa futhi ukusiza ukuvikela izinso zakho uma unesifo sikashukela nokunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi.

Ngomfutho wegazi ophezulu, i-valsartan isiza imithambo yakho yegazi ukuthi ihlale ikhululekile futhi ivulekile, okunciphisa umfutho odongeni lwemithambo yakho. Lokhu kuthatha umsebenzi othile enhliziyweni yakho futhi kusiza ekuvikeleni izinkinga ezinjengesifo sohlangothi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, nezinkinga zezinso.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo, i-valsartan ingasiza inhliziyo yakho ukuthi ipompe ngempumelelo ngokunciphisa ukumelana ebhekana nakho lapho iphusha igazi emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kungathuthukisa izimpawu zakho njengokuphefumula kanzima nokukhathala ngenkathi kukusiza ukuthi uzizwe unamandla.

Abanye odokotela baphinda banikeze i-valsartan ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ukusiza ukuvikela imisipha yenhliziyo yakho nokuvimbela izenzakalo zesikhathi esizayo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukulimala kwezinso kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Valsartan?

I-Valsartan isebenza ngokuvimba i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-angiotensin II ekubopheni kuma-receptors emithanjeni yakho yegazi. Le hormone ngokuvamile ibangela imithambo yakho yegazi ukuthi iqine futhi inciphe, okwandisa umfutho wegazi.

Lapho i-valsartan ivimba la ma-receptors, imithambo yakho yegazi ingakhululeka futhi yande, ivumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze kalula. Lokhu kunciphisa umfutho emithanjeni yakho futhi kwenza umsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho ube lula.

I-Valsartan ithathwa njengomuthi womfutho wegazi olunamandla amaphakathi. Akuyona inketho enamandla kakhulu etholakalayo, kodwa isebenza kahle kakhulu kubantu abaningi futhi ivame ukubekezelelwa kahle ngemiphumela emincane engemihle kunezinye izindlela.

Umuthi futhi usiza izinso zakho ukuthi zikhiphe usawoti namanzi amaningi emzimbeni wakho, okusiza ngokuqhubekayo ukunciphisa umfutho wegazi. Lesi senzo esiphindwe kabili senza i-valsartan isebenze ikakhulukazi kubantu abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu nesifo senhliziyo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Valsartan?

Thatha i-valsartan ngendlela udokotela wakho ayala ngayo, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Ungayithatha ngaphandle kokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, kodwa zama ukungaguquguquki ekukhetheni kwakho ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo emzimbeni wakho.

Gwinya ithebhulethi yonke ngenkomishi yamanzi - ungayichobozi, uyihlafune, noma uyiphule. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, khuluma nomphathi wakho wamaphilisi mayelana nokuthi ithebhulethi ingahlukaniswa yini noma ngabe zikhona ezinye izinketho.

Kungcono ukuthatha i-valsartan ngesikhathi lapho ungakwazi ukuyithatha njalo nsuku zonke. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukuyithatha ekuseni kusebenza kahle, kodwa abanye bakhetha ukuyithatha kusihlwa. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuyithatha ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke.

Akudingeki ukuthi ugweme noma yikuphi ukudla okuthile ngenkathi uthatha i-valsartan, kodwa kuhle ukunciphisa ukudla usawoti ngokweqile njengoba welapha umfutho wegazi ophezulu. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngokuvamile kuhle, kodwa gwema ukwandisa kakhulu ukuthatha uketshezi ngaphandle kokuxoxa nodokotela wakho.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Valsartan?

Abantu abaningi badinga ukuthatha i-valsartan isikhathi eside ukuze bagcine umfutho wegazi wabo ulawulwa futhi bavikele izinhliziyo zabo nemithambo yegazi. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngokuvamile uyisimo sempilo yonke esidinga ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo.

Kungenzeka uzoqala ukubona ukuthuthuka komfutho wegazi phakathi kwamasonto angu-2-4 ngemuva kokuqala i-valsartan, nemiphumela ephezulu ngokuvamile yenzeka ngemuva kwamasonto angu-4-6. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe uzizwa kahle, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokuthatha imithi njengoba kunqunywe.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukusabela kwakho ku-valsartan ngokuhlola umfutho wegazi njalo kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Bangase balungise umthamo wakho noma banezele eminye imithi uma kudingeka ukuze ufinyelele imigomo yakho yomfutho wegazi.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-valsartan ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela umfutho wegazi wakho ukuthi ukhuphuke, okungaba yingozi. Uma udinga ukuyeka imithi, udokotela wakho uzokuqondisa ngohlelo lokuguquka oluphephile.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Valsartan?

Abantu abaningi bayayibekezelela kahle i-valsartan, kodwa njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile, futhi abantu abaningi ababi nayo imiphumela emibi nhlobo.

Nawa imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole, kodwa khumbula ukuthi iningi lithambile futhi livame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi:

• Ukuphatheka kabi ikhanda noma ukuzizwa unovalo, ikakhulukazi uma usukuma
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele
• Ukuphathwa yisisu noma isisu esibuhlungu
• Ubuhlungu emhlane
• Ukukhwehlela (akuvamile njengoba kunjalo ngama-ACE inhibitors)

Le miphumela emibi ejwayelekile ivame ukunyamalala emasontweni ambalwa njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Uma ziqhubeka noma zikuphazamisa, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokulungiswa okungenzeka.

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Nakuba lokhu kungavamile, kubalulekile ukukwazi:

• Ukuphatheka kabi ikhanda okukhulu noma ukuquleka
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo
• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukugwinya
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha obungavamile
• Izimpawu zezinkinga zezinso (izinguquko ekuchameni, ukuvuvukala emilenzeni noma ezinyaweni)

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezinzima, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha eziphuthumayo. Khumbula, lezi zimpendulo ezinzima azivamile kakhulu, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kungcono ukuba uphephe.

Ubani Ongafanele Athatha I-Valsartan?

I-Valsartan ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzocabangela ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyinika. Izimo nezimo ezithile zenza lo muthi ungabi nalutho noma ungasebenzi kahle.

Akufanele uthathe i-valsartan uma unokungezwani nayo noma yimiphi imithi efanayo ye-ARB. Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba zihlanganisa ukuqubuka, ukuluma, ukuvuvukala, ukuphatheka kabi ikhanda okukhulu, noma ukungaphefumuli kahle.

Ukukhulelwa kungenye into ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe – i-valsartan ingalimaza umntwana ongakazalwa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sesibili nesesithathu sokukhulelwa. Uma ukhulelwe, uhlela ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa, xoxa ngezindlela eziphephile nodokotela wakho.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha badinga ukuqapha okukhethekile noma bangase bangakwazi ukuthatha i-valsartan ngokuphepha:

• Isifo esibi sezinso noma ukuncipha komthambo wezinso
• Isifo esibi sesibindi
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi kakhulu (i-hypotension)
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni noma ukulahlekelwa uketshezi oluningi
• Amazinga aphezulu e-potassium egazini
• Isifo sikashukela (uma futhi uthatha i-aliskiren)

Udokotela wakho uzoqhuba izivivinyo zegazi ngaphambi kokuqala i-valsartan futhi akuqaphele njalo ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi imithi isebenza ngokuphepha esimweni sakho esithile.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Valsartan

Igama elivamile lomkhiqizo we-valsartan yi-Diovan, okuyilona brand lokuqala lapho imithi yaqala ukutholakala. Ungase futhi uyibone ihlanganiswe neminye imithi ngaphansi kwamagama ahlukene omkhiqizo.

I-Diovan HCT ihlanganisa i-valsartan ne-hydrochlorothiazide (iphilisi lamanzi), kuyilapho i-Exforge iyihlanganisa ne-amlodipine (i-calcium channel blocker). Le mithi ehlanganisiwe ingaba lula uma udinga imithi eminingi yomfutho wegazi.

I-valsartan ejwayelekile itholakala kabanzi futhi isebenza ngendlela efanayo nenguqulo yegama lomkhiqizo. Umuthi wakho wemithi angase athathele i-valsartan ejwayelekile i-Diovan ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ecela ngokuqondile igama lomkhiqizo.

Njalo hlola nomuthi wakho wemithi uma amaphilisi akho ebukeka ehlukile kulokho okujwayelekile - lokhu kungasho ukuthi uthole inguqulo yomkhiqizi ehlukile, kodwa kufanelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuze ugweme ukudideka.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Valsartan

Uma i-valsartan ingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma ibangela imiphumela emibi, imithi eminingi ehlukile ingelapha ngempumelelo umfutho wegazi ophezulu nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uthole okukulungele esimweni sakho esithile.

Eminye imithi ye-ARB isebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-valsartan futhi ingase itholeke kangcono. Lokhu kufaka i-losartan, i-telmisartan, i-candesartan, ne-irbesartan. Ngamunye unempahla ehlukile kancane engase yenze enye ikufaneleke kakhulu kunenye.

Izithiyo ze-ACE ezifana ne-lisinopril, i-enalapril, kanye ne-captopril zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile kodwa zithola imiphumela efanayo. Zivame ukuzanywa kuqala, kodwa abanye abantu bathuthukisa ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo ngezithiyo ze-ACE, okwenza ama-ARB afana ne-valsartan abe yindlela engcono.

Ezinye izigaba zemithi udokotela wakho angase azicabangele zihlanganisa izithiyo zesiteshi se-calcium (njenge-amlodipine), ama-beta-blockers (njenge-metoprolol), kanye nama-diuretics (amaphilisi amanzi). Ukukhetha okungcono kuncike kwezinye izimo zakho zempilo, iminyaka yakho, nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani emithini ehlukene.

Ingabe i-Valsartan Ingcono Kune-Lisinopril?

Kokubili i-valsartan ne-lisinopril ziyimithi emihle yegazi eliphezulu nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, kodwa zisebenza ngezindlela ezihlukile kancane. Akukho noyedwa ongcono ngokujwayelekile - ukukhetha okungcono kuncike esimweni sakho ngasinye nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani.

I-Lisinopril iyisithiyo se-ACE esivame ukuzanywa kuqala ngoba sesikhona isikhathi eside futhi sinocwaningo oluningi olusekela ukusetshenziswa kwayo. Kodwa-ke, cishe u-10-15% wabantu bathuthukisa ukukhwehlela okomile okuqhubekayo ngezithiyo ze-ACE, yilapho i-valsartan iba khona enye indlela enhle.

I-Valsartan ivame ukubangela imiphumela emibi embalwa iyonke, ikakhulukazi ukukhwehlela okuphazamisayo abanye abantu abakutholayo nge-lisinopril. Futhi mancane amathuba okuthi kubangele ukuvuvukala (i-angioedema), nakuba lokhu kungavamile ngemithi yomibili.

Zombili le mithi isebenza kahle ngokulinganayo ekwehliseni umfutho wegazi nokuvikela inhliziyo yakho nezinso. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengeminye imithi yakho, ukusebenza kwezinso, kanye nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi oyitholile ngeminye imithi yomfutho wegazi lapho enza izincomo zabo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Valsartan

Ingabe i-Valsartan Iphephile Esinso?

I-Valsartan ingasiza ngempela ukuvikela izinso zakho, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo sikashukela noma isifo sezinso sokuqala. Inciphisa ingcindezi ohlelweni lokuhlunga lwezinso zakho, okunganciphisa ukuqhubeka komonakalo wezinso.

Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo esibi sezinso, udokotela wakho uzokuhlola eduze futhi kungase kudingeke alungise umthamo wakho. Bazohlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho kanye namazinga e-potassium njalo ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi imithi ihlala iphephile kuwe.

Abanye abantu abanesifo sezinso esibi kakhulu noma izinhlobo ezithile zokuncipha kwemithambo yezinso kungenzeka bangakwazi ukuthatha i-valsartan ngokuphepha. Udokotela wakho uzoqaphela ukuthi kufanelekile yini ngokuya ngemiphumela yakho ethile yokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngisebenzisa Ngengozi I-Valsartan Eningi Kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-valsartan eningi kakhulu, izimpawu ezingenzeka kakhulu kungaba isiyezi, ukukhathala, noma ukuzwa sengathi uyaphela amandla ngenxa yomfutho wegazi ophansi. Ungashayi uvalo – ukweqisa okukhulu akujwayelekile ngale mithi.

Hlala phansi noma ulale phansi ngokushesha uma uzwa isiyezi noma ukukhathala. Xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ukuze uthole isiqondiso, ikakhulu uma uthathe okuningi kakhulu kunokunqunyiwe noma uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima.

Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma isiyezi esibi esingathuthuki ngokulala phansi, funa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuphuthumayo. Gcina ibhodlela lemithi nawe ukuze abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazi kahle ukuthi uthathe ini nokuthi uthathe okungakanani.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Valsartan?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-valsartan, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe – lokhu kungabangela ukuthi umfutho wegazi lakho wehle kakhulu futhi kukwenze uzizwe unesiyezi noma ukhathala.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, zama ukusetha i-alamu yansuku zonke noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi. Ukuthatha imithi nsuku zonke ngokuqhubekayo kubalulekile ekugcineni umfutho wegazi lakho ulawulwa kahle futhi uvikele inhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Valsartan?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-valsartan ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela wakho. Abantu abaningi abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu badinga ukwelashwa impilo yabo yonke ukuze bagcine isimo sabo silawulwa futhi bavimbele izinkinga.

Udokotela wakho angase acabange ukuyeka noma ukunciphisa i-valsartan uma umfutho wakho wegazi ulawulwe kahle isikhathi eside futhi ushintshe kakhulu indlela yakho yokuphila njengokulahlekelwa isisindo, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokudla ukudla okunempilo.

Uma udinga ukuyeka i-valsartan nganoma yisiphi isizathu, udokotela wakho uzokwenza uhlelo oluphephile olungase luhlanganise ukunciphisa kancane kancane umthamo noma ukushintshela emuthini ohlukile. Ungalokothi uyeke kungazelelwe, ngoba lokhu kungase kubangele umfutho wakho wegazi ukuthi ukhuphuke ngendlela eyingozi.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Valsartan?

Ungaba neziphuzo ezinotshwala ngezikhathi ezithile ngenkathi uthatha i-valsartan, kodwa ukulinganisela kubalulekile. Kokubili utshwala ne-valsartan kunganciphisa umfutho wegazi, ngakho ukuphuza kakhulu kungase kukwenze uzizwe unesiyezi noma unomuzwa wokukhathala.

Namathisela emiyalelweni yokuphuza ngokulinganisela - akukho ngaphezu kwesisodwa ngosuku kwabesifazane kanye nemibili kwabesilisa. Qaphela kakhulu uma uqala ukuthatha i-valsartan, ngoba uzodinga isikhathi sokufunda ukuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani kule nhlanganisela.

Naka ukuthi uzizwa kanjani ngemva kokuphuza ngenkathi use-valsartan. Uma uqaphela ukwanda kwesiyezi, ukukhathala, noma uzizwa ungaphilile, cabangela ukunciphisa ukuthatha kwakho utshwala noma ukuxoxa ngakho nodokotela wakho.