Yini i-Zafirlukast: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Zafirlukast iyimithi kadokotela esiza ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa yisifuba esincane ngokuvimba amakhemikhali athile emzimbeni wakho abangela ukuvuvukala emoyeni wakho. Yilokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi i-leukotriene receptor antagonist, okusho ukuthi isebenza ngokuhlukile kuma-inhalers asheshayo ongase uwasebenzise ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya.

Le mithi yenzelwe ukulawula isifuba somoya esikhathini eside, hhayi ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Cabanga ngayo njengengxenye yomsebenzi wakho wansuku zonke ukuze ugcine imigudu yakho yomoya izolile futhi unciphise amathuba okuthi izimpawu zesifuba somoya ziqhume.

Yini i-Zafirlukast Esizenzelwe Yona?

I-Zafirlukast ikakhulukazi inikezwa ukuthi ivimbele izimpawu zesifuba somoya kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezineminyaka engu-5 nangaphezulu. Ilusizo ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezifuba somoya ezibangelwa izinto ezithile ezifana ne-pollen, uthuli, noma izinwele zezilwane.

Udokotela wakho angase akuncomele i-zafirlukast uma ubhekene nesifuba somoya esiqhubekayo esidinga ukuphathwa kwansuku zonke. Kungaba wusizo ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-allergic rhinitis (hay fever) kanye nesifuba somoya sabo, ngoba sibhekana nezinye zezindlela ezifanayo zokuvuvukala.

Abanye odokotela baphinda banikeze i-zafirlukast ngaphandle kokuthi isetshenziswe ngendlela eyinhloko yokuzivocavoca okubangelwa isifuba somoya, nakuba lokhu kungewona umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ovunyelwe. Imithi isebenza kahle uma ithathwa njalo njengengxenye yohlelo olubanzi lokuphatha isifuba somoya.

Isebenza Kanjani i-Zafirlukast?

I-Zafirlukast isebenza ngokuvimba ama-leukotrienes, okuyizinto zemvelo zamakhemikhali umzimba wakho owakhiqizayo ngesikhathi sokusabela komzimba nokuvuvukala. Lawa makhemikhali abangela ukuthi imisipha yakho yomoya iqine futhi ikhulise ukukhiqizwa kwama-mucus, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.

Ngokuvimba la ma-leukotrienes, i-zafirlukast isiza ukugcina imigudu yakho yomoya iphumulele futhi ingavuvukali kakhulu. Lokhu kwehluke kuma-bronchodilators (njenge-albuterol) avula ngokushesha imigudu yomoya ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa, noma ama-corticosteroids anciphisa ukuvuvukala kabanzi.

Umuthi uthathwa njengosebenza kahle ngokulinganiselwe ekulawuleni isifuba somoya. Ngenkathi ungaqini njengama-corticosteroids aphefumulwayo, kungaba yindlela enhle kubantu abanobunzima ngama-inhaler noma abadinga ukwesekwa okwengeziwe ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwabo kwamanje.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Zafirlukast?

Thatha i-zafirlukast njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyala, ngokuvamile kabili ngosuku cishe ngamahora ayi-12 ehlukene. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuyithatha esiswini esingenalutho, kungaba ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokudla noma amahora amabili ngemuva kokudla.

Ukudla kunganciphisa kakhulu ukuthi umzimba wakho uyimunca kangakanani imithi, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokudla sibalulekile. Uma uyithatha kabili ngosuku, ungase uthathe umthamo owodwa ekuseni ngaphambi kokudla kwasekuseni nomunye kusihlwa ngaphambi kwesidlo sakusihlwa noma ngesikhathi sokulala.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngenkomishi yamanzi egcwele. Ungawachobozi, uwahlafune, noma uwaphule. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela ezingezinye esikhundleni sokuzama ukuwalungisa wena.

Qhubeka nokuthatha i-zafirlukast ngisho nalapho uzizwa kahle. Njengoba kuyimithi yokuvimbela, ukuyeka lapho uzizwa ungcono kungaholela ekubuyeleni kwezimpawu zesifuba somoya phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Zafirlukast?

I-Zafirlukast ngokuvamile iyimithi yesikhathi eside ozoyithatha uma nje udinga ukulawula isifuba somoya. Abantu abaningi bayithatha izinyanga noma iminyaka, kuye ngobukhulu besifuba somoya sabo nokuthi ukwelashwa okunye kusebenza kahle kangakanani.

Kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthuthuka okuthile ezimpawini zakho zesifuba somoya phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini amabili ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kungathatha kufika emavikini amane ukuzwa izinzuzo ezigcwele zomuthi.

Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza njalo ukuthi i-zafirlukast iseyindlela efanele yini kuwe. Bangase balungise umthamo wakho, bangeze eminye imithi, noma bashintshele kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngokusekelwe ekutheni isifuba somoya sakho silawulwa kahle kangakanani nanoma yimaphi imiphumela emibi oyitholayo.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Emibi Ye-Zafirlukast?

Abantu abaningi bayakwazi ukumelana kahle ne-zafirlukast, kodwa njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Ukuqonda okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka ngokwengeziwe ngomuthi wakho.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile abantu abaningi abayitholayo ihlanganisa:

• Ukopha ikhanda
• Isicanucanu noma ukuphazamiseka kwesisu
• Ukuqunjelwa
• Isiyezi
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukukhathala
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Umkhuhlane

Le miphumela emibi ivame ukuba mncane futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala.

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo (i-jaundice)
• Umchamo omnyama noma izitulo eziphaphathekile
• Ukukhathala okungavamile noma ubuthakathaka
• Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• Izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane ezingathuthuki

Ngokuvamile kakhulu, abanye abantu bathuthukisa isimo esibizwa nge-Churg-Strauss syndrome, esihilela ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi. Izimpawu zakuqala zihlanganisa ukwanda kwe-asthma, izinkinga ze-sinus, ukuqubuka, noma ukuba ndikindiki ezandleni nasemathangeni.

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo, unganqikazi ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Bangakwazi ukusiza ukunquma ukuthi izimpawu zihlobene yini nomuthi nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe ngokulandelayo.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Zafirlukast?

I-Zafirlukast ayilungile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzocabangela ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyibhala. Akufanele uthathe lo muthi uma unokungezwani komzimba ne-zafirlukast noma yiziphi izithako zawo.

Abantu abanezifo zesibindi badinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile, njengoba i-zafirlukast ingabangela izinkinga zesibindi ngezikhathi ezithile. Udokotela wakho cishe uzo-oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze ahlolisise ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ngenkathi uyithatha.

Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, xoxa ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wakho. Nakuba i-zafirlukast ingakahlolwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi iyingozi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, akukho ucwaningo olwanele oluqinisekisa ukuphepha kwayo okuphelele.

Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala akufanele zithathe i-zafirlukast, njengoba ukuphepha nokusebenza kwayo kungakahlolwa kulolu hlu lweminyaka. Ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-5 nangaphezulu, odokotela bazobala ngokucophelela umthamo ofanele ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zengane nokuphendula kwayo.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Zafirlukast

I-Zafirlukast itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Accolate e-United States. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu olubhalwe ngudokotela lomuthi futhi luza ngamaphilisi angu-10mg kanye nama-20mg.

Izinhlobo ze-generic ze-zafirlukast nazo ziyatholakala, eziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo njengohlobo lwegama lomkhiqizo. Lezi zinketho ze-generic zingabiza kakhulu ngenkathi zinikeza izinzuzo ezifanayo zokwelapha.

Noma ngabe ubhalelwe igama lomkhiqizo noma uhlobo olujwayelekile, umuthi usebenza ngendlela efanayo. Umkhemisi wakho angakusiza ukuthi uqonde noma yikuphi ukungafani ekubukekeni noma ekupakisheni phakathi kwabakhiqizi abahlukene.

Ezinye Izindlela ze-Zafirlukast

Uma i-zafirlukast ingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma ibangela imiphumela emibi, ezinye izindlela ezingasiza ukulawula isifuba sakho. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola inketho efanelekayo.

Ezinye iziguquli ze-leukotriene zihlanganisa i-montelukast (Singulair), esebenza ngendlela efana ne-zafirlukast kodwa ithathwa kanye ngosuku futhi ingathathwa nokudla. Abanye abantu bathola i-montelukast ilula noma ibekezeleleka kangcono.

Ama-corticosteroids aphefumulwayo afana ne-fluticasone (Flovent) noma i-budesonide (Pulmicort) avame ukubhekwa njengezinga legolide lokulawula isifuba. Ngokuvamile asebenza kahle kuneziqhubuli ze-leukotriene kodwa zidinga indlela efanele yokuphefumula.

Ama-beta-agonists asebenza isikhathi eside ahlanganiswe nama-corticosteroids aphefumulwayo, njenge-fluticasone/salmeterol (Advair) noma i-budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort), anikeza kokubili imiphumela elwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-bronchodilator ekungeneni okukodwa.

Kubantu abanesifuba somoya esibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba, izinketho ezintsha njenge-omalizumab (Xolair) noma eminye imithi ye-biologic ingase icatshangelwe, nakuba lezi zivame ukugcinelwa isifuba somoya esibi esingasabeli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Ingabe i-Zafirlukast Ingcono Kune-Montelukast?

Kokubili i-zafirlukast ne-montelukast bangama-antagonists e-leukotriene receptor asebenza ngezindlela ezifanayo, kodwa banomehluko obalulekile ongase wenze enye ilungele wena kunenye.

I-Montelukast inenzuzo yokuthatha kanye ngosuku futhi ingathathwa nokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, okwenza kube lula kubantu abaningi. I-Zafirlukast idinga ukuthathwa kabili ngosuku futhi kufanele ithathwe esiswini esingenalutho, okuthile abanye abantu bakuthola kuyinselele ukukukhumbula.

Ngokuqondene nokusebenza kahle, yomibili imithi ithathwa njengemiphumela efanayo ekulawuleni isifuba somoya. Ezinye izifundo zikhomba ukuthi zisebenza kahle ngokulinganayo ekuvikeleni izimpawu zesifuba somoya nokunciphisa isidingo sokusebenzisa ama-inhalers okusindisa.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuvame ukwehla ezintweni zomuntu ngamunye njengomsebenzi wakho wansuku zonke, eminye imithi oyithathayo, nokuthi ukubekezelela kahle kangakanani ngakunye. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi iyiphi inketho evumelana kangcono nendlela yakho yokuphila kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Zafirlukast

Ingabe i-Zafirlukast Iphephile Ezigulini Zezifo Zenhliziyo?

I-Zafirlukast ngokuvamile ithathwa njengephephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, njengoba ingayithinti ngokuqondile ukusebenza kwenhliziyo njengeminye imithi yesifuba somoya. Ngokungafani nama-bronchodilators athile angakhuphula izinga lenhliziyo, i-zafirlukast isebenza ngendlela ehlukile engavamisile ukuthinta ukusebenza kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuqhubeka ekuqapha ngokucophelela lapho uqala noma imiphi imithi emisha. Bazocabangela ukuthi i-zafirlukast ingasebenzisana kanjani nemithi yakho yenhliziyo nokuthi ngabe uhlelo lwakho lonke lokwelashwa ludinga ukulungiswa.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngisebenzisa i-Zafirlukast eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-zafirlukast eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ngenkathi ukweqisa kungavamile, ukuthatha okuningi kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi ukuphazamiseka kwesisu kanye nekhanda.

Ungazami ukulungisa ukweqisa ngokweqa umthamo wakho olandelayo. Kunalokho, buyela esimisweni sakho esijwayelekile sokulinganisa njengoba kuqondiswe ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Gcina ibhodlela lemithi nawe lapho ufuna usizo ukuze ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bazi kahle ukuthi uthatheni ini nokuthi uthathe malini.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Zafirlukast?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-zafirlukast, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, uma nje isesiswini esingenalutho. Uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukuthi uhlale emgwaqeni.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Zafirlukast?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-zafirlukast ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela wakho. Njengoba kuyimithi yokuvimbela, ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungaholela ezimpawini zesifuba somoya zibuyela ezinsukwini kuya emavikini, noma ngabe uzizwa kahle.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuyeka i-zafirlukast uma isifuba somoya sakho silawulwe kahle isikhathi eside, uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi ephazamisayo, noma uma befuna ukuzama indlela ehlukile yokwelapha. Cishe bazokwenza ukuthi unciphise kancane kancane ngenkathi uqapha izimpawu zakho ngokucophelela.

Ngingayithatha i-Zafirlukast neminye imithi ye-asthma?

Yebo, i-zafirlukast ivame ukusetshenziswa kanye neminye imithi ye-asthma njengengxenye yohlelo lokwelapha olubanzi. Inganhlanganiswa ngokuphepha nama-corticosteroids aphefumulwayo, ama-bronchodilators asebenza ngokushesha okusetshenziselwa ukuhlenga, kanye neminye imithi ye-asthma eminingi.

Kodwa-ke, eminye imithi ingase ihlangane ne-zafirlukast, ikakhulukazi ama-thinners egazi afana ne-warfarin. Hlala utshela udokotela wakho nomuthi wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo, okuhlanganisa imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwe-oda kanye nezithasiselo, ukuze ugweme ukuxhumana okungenzeka.